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Tài liệu ôn thi môn Dịch đại cương Tiếng Anh EN42 Phần 1 Lớp Ngôn ngữ Anh Elearning Trường Đại học Mở Hà Nội: Luyện tập trắc nghiệm, Kiểm tra trắc nghiệm, Luyện tập Nội dung môn học: Nội dung chương trình nhằm cung cấp cho sinh viên nắm được các nguyên lý, nguyên tắc cơ bản của quá trình dịch thuật; một số vấn đề khó khăn, thử thách trong khi dịch theo đường hướng giao tiếp; sự khác nhau giữa dịch nói và dịch viết; các phương pháp dịch phổ biến hiện nay; kỹ năng xác định phạm vi giao tiếp, phạm vi trình bày vấn đề; ...
Dịch đại cương “business is business” could be translated …………… as Cơng việc cơng việc, khơng chen tình cảm vào …………… is the language to which the text to be translated belongs In other words, the source language is prior to translation …………… translation (or sometimes direct/interlinear translation) focuses on translating words from the source text into the target language while the word order of the original is preserved …………………… in the English sentence is usually a noun phrase, pronouns, proper names, toinfinitives, gerunds, or clauses ……………………………… meaning is also referred to as conceptual, cognitive or propositional meaning, but the sense is the same ………………………………….is based on the meaning of the text which aims to produce the message of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning by using idioms and colloquialism where there n ot exist in the original ………………………………should be aware of the a Freeing b Freedom Câu trả lời không c Free d Freely Câu trả lời a The first part of the language b The source language Câu trả lời c The foreign language d The language form a Word by word b Word for word Câu trả lời c Word with word Câu trả lời không d Word in word a The clause b The predicate c The adverb d The subject Câu trả lời a denotative b Literal Câu trả lời không c Indirect d Direct Câu trả lời không a Idiomatic translation Câu trả lời b Faithful translation c Semantic translation d Communicative translation a Translators Câu trả lời concepts muli-words convey and the rules how to make and write compound words in English b Doctors c Workers d Teachers a Communicative ………………is characterized by keeping the main translation idea/gist of a text, omitting all of its supporting details Câu trả lời không and subsidiary arguments b Free translation c Gist translation Câu trả lời d Literal translation ……………is featured by the fact that grammatical structures and the meaning of words are translated almost as closely as those in the target language without paying attention to the situation or context ……………to whom the translated text is addressed are native or non-native users of the target language a Communicative translation Câu trả lời không b Literal translation Câu trả lời không c Semantic translation d Faithful translation a The interpreters b The readers Câu trả lời c The reporters d The translators …………sits next to or behind his “client” doing a great variety of activities under different names: “community interpreting”, “public service interpreting”, “hospital interpreting”, “mental health interpreting” and “social service interpreting” a The interpreter Câu trả lời b The editor c The translator d The analyst e The operator ……is the interpreter of the source text, and the producer of the final interpretation which determines the meaning(s) which readers of the translation will read a The translator Câu trả lời b The writer c The teacher d The reseacher A consecutive interpreter is one whose job is to change what…………………in one language into another language a has been said Câu trả lời b Was said c Have been said d Were said A satisfactory translation is always possible, but a good translator is never satisfied ………it A sentence is a group of words conveying a complete idea which normally contain a subject and a verb predicate………………… A simultaneous translator changes what ……………………in one language into another language as someone is speaking A text could be translated into anything, ranging from one sentence to usually one third of the original length, depending ………………… A text could be translated into anything, ranging from one sentence to usually one third of the …………………length, depending on specific situations A Vietnamese-English translated text should follow the language rules…………… social-cultural features of the English – not Vietnamese – language and vice versa Adaptation can also be considered a translation technique used when the context in the original text ……… in the Target Text culture Adaptation is a highly free type of translation Here the focus is on socio-cultural phenomena or ………………that are absent in the target culture a With Câu trả lời b About c Of d for a In negative forms Câu trả lời không b in “finite” forms Câu trả lời c In various forms d In good forms a Was being said b Has been said Câu trả lời không c is being said Câu trả lời d Have been said a for specific situations b Of specific situations c with specific situations d on specific situations Câu trả lời a Originate b Origin c Origination d original Câu trả lời a and Câu trả lời b or c So d but a does not return b does not exist Câu trả lời c does not run d does not work a Drillings b Works c practices Câu trả lời d Trainings Adaptation translation aims to create an equivalence a the same value Câu trả of …… applicable to a different situation than that of lời the source language b The same method c The same thing d The same way As can be seen from above, the English sentence is mechanically indicated by means of a period/stop (.), a question mark (?) or an exclamation mark (!) – never by a comma (,) -…………………… As for noun phrases (NP), the noun (common noun: love, proper noun: Mai, and pronoun: you) is ……… of the phrase As indicated by the word “free”, free translation (sometimes dynamic translation) focuses more …… than form in the target language At the beginning of the 1970s, the focus shifted from the word or phrase ……the text as a unit of translation Certain strategies ………………… those differences; for example, certain expressions or key terms in their text-to-be need to be selected a at the beginning in writing b at the end in writing Câu trả lời c by the end in writing d In the middle in writing a Hand b Head Câu trả lời c Arm d Leg Câu trả lời không a.on content Câu trả lời b On words c On meanings d On structures Câu trả lời không a At b For c To Câu trả lời d With a Dealing b to deal with Câu trả lời c Dealing with d To deal Communicative translation gives high priority to the message communicated in the text where the actual form of the original is not closely bound to …………… compared with ………………text, the target language translated text may be so long, longer, or even shorter and may have new features which may not be found in the source language Concept is used in this section to refer not to the form (word) but only ……… the meaning in any given language Connotation is subjective by the language users, and can be influenced by …… Coordinating conjuctions are only in mid-position whereas ………………conjunctions can be in initial or mid-position in the sentence a Forms b its intended meaning Câu trả lời c Intention d Structures a the source language Câu trả lời b The source of the language c The source of the text d The source text Câu trả lời không a Towards b Under c For d To Câu trả lời a Many methods b Many objects c Many subjects d many factors Câu trả lời a Subordination b subordinate c Subordinative Câu trả lời không d Subordinating Câu trả lời a Difference Different strategies or different methods of translation b Differ produce ……………… kinds of translation c Different Câu trả lời d differently During preparations for simultaneous………………… , the interpreters’ booth, if not fixed, should be positioned so that the interpreters can see the speakers a Interprete b Interpreted c Interpreting d Interpretation Câu trả lời English prepositions are usually single words in, at, on…; …………, there are some prepositions that look like a phrase, phasal prepositions: because of, in spite of… English vocabulary mostly consists in single words, but …………….… of multiword vocabulary is not small Every text has a set of words which ……………………… to the content and correct communication of the theme a Additionally b Further more c However Câu trả lời d More over Câu trả lời không a The fact b The number c the amount Câu trả lời d The figure Chọn câu trả lời: a are crucial b Has been crucial c is crucial d Is being crucial Faced by a text in a language, as student translators, you should analyze the text by asking and …………………………….several questions Faithful translation can be described as one kind of translation which tries ………of words and context situation according to the grammar rules of the target language Figurative meaning is based on or makes use of figures of ………………such as metaphor (an implied comparison between two things with the same characteristic For simultaneous interpretation, microphones, earphones and a booth are necessary ……………… a Tobe answered b Answered c Answering Câu trả lời d To be answering a To create the meanings b To find out the menaings c To change the meanings d to convey the meanings Câu trả lời a Writing b speak c Speech Câu trả lời d Listening a Machines b Electrical devices c Domestic tools d technical equipment Câu trả lời Gist translation can be used in language learning situations (using the same language) ………at a written test Gist translation canbe used in language learning situations (using the same language) ………………at a written test He or she reformulates the translation according to the grammar rules, …………… , cultural norms in the target language However, grammatical words in general and articles and prepositions in ……………… might cause headache to translators Idiomatic translation can be applied to the English sentence that describes the degree of the sameness of the two girls’ appearance “ They look ………… the same” (Chúng giống hai giọt nước) If any key words are …………… , the text will need to be checked carefully for consistency in the change made If any key words are changed, the text will need to be checked carefully for consistency in the change……………… If the source text is taken to be the starting point of a to summarize a written text Câu trả lời b to correct a written text c to consider a written text d to write a written text a to summarize a written text Câu trả lời b to consider a written text c to write a written text d to correct a written text a word usage Câu trả lời b word using c word use d word to use a Time b deed c particular Câu trả lời d fact a Exact b Exactness c Exactly Câu trả lời d Exacting a Change b Changed Câu trả lời c Changing d To change a Making b made Câu trả lời c Is making d Being made a The reviewing process the translation process, then the translated text is the text which results from ……… In ……………………… the form of the source language is replaced by the form of the receptor/target language b The analysis process c the translation process Câu trả lời d The editing process Translation a Transliteration In ……………………… the form of the source b Translation Câu trả lời language is replaced by the form of the receptor/target language c translated d Translating In addition………… the changes resulting from the movement from one language to another, translation necessarily changes the receiver or addressee of the text In English, the …………… phrase can be used after a verb, an adjective, or a noun and depend on them In English, the negation of the verb in the first clause stands for …… in the following clause In English-Vietnamese translation of the predicate verb, the meanings of time and aspect can ……………………to such words as đã, sẽ, sắp, đang… In other words, adaptation translation aims to create an equivalence of the same value …………………… to a different situation a for b on c to Câu trả lời d of a prepositionally b prepositions c Prepositional Câu trả lời d preposition Câu trả lời không a the negation of the auxiliary verb b The affirmative form of the verb c the positive form of the verb d the negation of the verb Câu trả lời a Suitable Câu trả lời không b Respond c Correspond Câu trả lời d Go a Apply b Applicant c Applicable Câu trả lời d Application In some cases a prepositional phrase at the beginning of the English sentence may …………………that it is the subject of the sentence: a make the translator understand Câu trả lời không b make the translator get confusing c make the translator misunderstand Câu trả lời d make the translator feel confusing a And so hot In the history of translation development there have b And so long been a great number of terms: literal, free, literary, c and so forth Câu trả non-literary, borrowing, equivalence, figurative, so on lời ……… d And so far In the other theory of translation, the predominant purpose is……… , but rather moves in its new dress with the same ease as in its native rendering In this situation the translator’s task is recreate some form of language ……………the same meaning to produce a result that does not read like a translation at all a To follow b to convey Câu trả lời c To correct d To change In Vietnamese, words that correspond to both lexical ………………… grammatical words in English are numerous In word formation, morphemes which occur at the end of a word are called………………………… In word formation, morphemes which occur at the front of a word are called ……………………… a so b But c And Câu trả lời d Or a bound b root c prefixes Câu trả lời không d Suffixes !! a prefixes Câu trả lời b root c Inflectional d Suffixes It can be said that language cannot exist without words Word ………is the reflection of human perception of the world It goes without saying that all the types of translation mentioned above may ………… justified in particular circumstances It is ……………… that in an English sentence the predicate verb (V) be in finite forms, the predicate agreeing with the subject in person and number It is also very useful for the translator ……………………and analyze the original text before translating it into the target language a Combination b formimg c categorization d Changing Câu trả lời không a been b was c is d be Câu trả lời a Bad b Obligatory Câu trả lời c New d Strange a to understand Câu trả lời b Undertood c to understanding d Understanding It is also very useful for the translator to understand and analyze the original text before ………….it into the target language It is clear that words are …… of by morphemes For example, the word “book” has one morpheme and “book-s” two morphemes It is the structural part of language which is actually seen in print or heard in ……… a translating Câu trả lời b Turning c Exchanging d Changing a Contained up b Taken up c made up Câu trả lời d Consisted up a Spoke b Spoken c Speech Câu trả lời d Speaking Câu trả lời không đún It may then be possible to translate with a word in the receptor language which is ………………… the central concept and use a phrase to add a further definition Literal force is of course inevitably lost in these cases and the best that can be achieved is …… to the pragmatic function of the TL cultural reference or practice a equivalent on Câu trả lời không b equivalent for c equivalent with d equivalent to a by means of arrangement b by means of faithfulness Câu trả lời c by means of correction d by means of cleanness Mastery of the source language is a …………….for the translator, since this mastery is the key to his/her readings and interpretations of the text to be translated Meaning components are ‘packaged’ differently in one language from another That is why the translator needs …………… to analyze the lexical items (words) of the source text in order to translate them Once the translation is completed, the translator should revise it, rarely fewer than three times and, ………, with a time lapse (after hours or even days) between revisions Polysemes can be compared with homonyms, which are words with several …………………meanings Practically, whether ………………is termed as ‘Translation Theory’ or ‘Translation Studies’ it culminates with the theory on proper principles of a Could b Can c May d Must Câu trả lời a Have been able b be able Câu trả lời không c Has been able d to be able câu trả lời a when possibly b when possiblity Câu trả lời không c when possible d when with possiblity a Common b Direct c Popular d Unrelated Câu trả lời a the study of translation Câu trả lời b The interest in translation Remember that all of our verbalizing must be done in the target language now We must ……………… between alternatives and produce a text that is sequentially complete translation c The practice of translation d The usefulness of translation a Choosing b To choose c Choose Câu trả lời d a Words and phrases Semantic translation focuses to a great degree on b Contents ……………… and form (syntax) of the original texts c Structures of high status d meaning (semantic content) Câu trả lời Semantically, the meaning of a word includes a number of meaning components classified as things, events, attributes or relations which are combined ………………lexical items Since the mid-1970s the name ‘Translation Studies’ has been adopted to indicate that the …… ……………………………………………is not just a minor branch of comparative literary study, nor yet a specific area of linguistics, but a vastly complex field Since figurative language is not intended to be interpreted in a literal sense, in ………………… figurative language, translators should make use of comparison between different things a Under b for c into Câu trả lời d about a Way of translating b study of translation Câu trả lời c Method of translation d Field of translation Chọn câu trả lời: a Translated b Translate c translation d Translating Đúng Sometimes the grammar structure or the form of the words in the target language may ………………… Syntactical forms which ………… used to express grammatical meanings of the verb in English sentences are obligatory, a Remain b change Câu trả lời c keep d stay a Is b are Câu trả lời c been d Has been Câu trả lời không The …………………………….in the English sentence usually stands right after the subject, giving information about the subject a Verb phrase b verb predicate Câu trả lời c Verb form d Verb patterns The of words in Vietnamese does not seem to be so distinctive: word classes not have their typical forms, their forms never change in the sentence Chọn câu trả lời: a Classification b Classify c class d Classes The choice of the right word in the receptor language to translate a word in the source-language text depends more ………than upon a fixed system of verbal consistency The classification of words in Vietnamese does not seem to be so distinctive: word classes not have their typical forms, their forms never change in the sentence The classifications of translation types are many according to different points of view, based on either structure, function, or ……… The elements of translation interact as elements achieving one function, in ……each element relates to one or more of the rest The forms are ……………… to as the surface a At the context Câu trả lời không b on the context Câu trả lời c About the source text d With the meaning of the text a class b Classify c Classes d Classification Câu trả lời a Meaning Câu trả lời không b semantics of language Câu trả lời c Meaningfulness d Meanings Câu trả lời không a What b Which Câu trả lời c who d When a refer b Referred Câu trả lời structure of a language The instructor can then hope to measure the students’ linguistic competence by … c Referring d Reference Câu trả lời không a Asking some questions Câu trả lời không b means of the target language products Câu trả lời c Encouraging them to work more d Practising more and more The language of translation is ……………… from the translated text, reflecting the translator’s interpretations, the translator’s strategies and the translator’s abilities The language of translation is perceived from the translated text, ……………the translator’s interpretations, the translator’s strategies and the translator’s abilities The linguistic approaches basically …………… translating as a code-switching operation The linguistic approaches basically saw translating as …………………………… a Take b Perceived Câu trả lời c Get d Have a Understanding Câu trả lời không b Interacting c practising d reflecting Câu trả lời a Seeing b Sees c Saw Câu trả lời d seen a An authentic way of expressing ideas b a code-switching operation Câu trả lời c A good way of communication d A subject of study a The target text The manner in which the target reader responds to the b The full text target text must be the same as that in which the c the source text Câu trả source reader responded to ………………… lời d The final text a Closing The meaning of words are translated almost as b closely Câu trả lời ……………… as those in the target language without paying attention to the situation or context c Closeness d close The number of words and the sentence length may vary, depending on the ……………….of the translator when he/she adds explanations or comments to make clear the meaning of the original The predominant purpose of theories of translation is ………… of every word and phrase in the original The presentation here is conducted in a systematic manner with ……… restricted interactivity and closeness and much faster than consecutive interpretation a Subjectivity Câu trả lời b Object c Subject d Complement to express as exactly as possible the full force and meaning a Somewhen b Somewhich c Somewhat Câu trả lời d somewhere a Where The producer of the final interpretation b Which Câu trả lời …………………… determines the meaning(s) which c When readers of the translation will read d What The readers to whom the ………………… text is addressed are native or non-native users of the target language The sentence is structurally made up of a group of words which has subject and …………………… as indispensible elements; the complement, object and adverbial are optional: The source language, as has been seen earlier, is not only the very central and initial point for the …………….of the translation process but also is the background for all translation processes a Translate b Translated Câu trả lời c translating d translation a Verb form b verb predicate Câu trả lời c verb patterns d Verb phrase a Starting b started c To start d Start Câu trả lời The source text is the text which has been chosen for translation The translator cannot, without a good reason, change any……………… The source-language content, form, style, function, etc must be preserved, or at least that the translation must seek ………….them as far as possible The stage of editing the translated text which …………… the form of a careful last-minute checking and correcting of possible mistakes or other inaccuracies is implemented in most cases of translation a Topic of the text b Meaning of the text Câu trả lời không c part of the source text d Element of the text Câu trả lời không a to preserve Câu trả lời b Preserve c Preserving d preservation a takes Câu trả lời b Taking c Took d Taken The structures of ………………………………… will be preserved as closely as possible but not so closely that the target language structure will be seriously distorted the source language The structures of ………………………………… will be preserved as closely as possible but not so closely that the target language structure will be seriously distorted a sentence b Clause c target d the source language Câu trả lời The target language is the language into which ……………………from another language is translated The theory of translation involves normative approaches, putting a strong emphasis on prescribing to translators how to and …………… The three elements of source language, source text, and translator, theoretically and ……… precede the translated text a A paper b A report c a text Câu trả lời d A document a translating b how not to translate Câu trả lời c Where to translate d What to translate Câu trả lời không a Practical b practice c Practically Câu trả lời d Practise The translated text is the actual definite material, …………has been produced by conveying the meaning of a source text in terms of another language and culture a Which Câu trả lời b Where c What d When a conveying the meaning The translated text is the actual definite material, Câu trả lời which has been produced by …………………… of a b Reviewing the contents source text in terms of another language and culture c Analysing the text d Producing the context The translator also has to solve, ………………., matters involving text adjustments in terms of additions, omissions and adaptations The translator begins drafting the translation piece by piece, section …………………………by using the lexis and structures a in mind Câu trả lời b Inside mind c At mind d Within mind a By phrase b by section Câu trả lời c By sentence d By step The translator discovers the meaning behind the forms in the source language and does his best to produce the same meaning …………………………………………… a in the target language Câu trả lời b in the source language c Outside the source text d Out of the source text The translator has to think over his/her translation to suit a reader according to the reader’s social norms in the target language, so the language of translation is … a Common b social Câu trả lời c Private d Personal The translator is …………element in translation, since the study of translation and the language of translation is no more than the study of the translator’s linguistic ability a the most important Câu trả lời b an unimportant c A small d The only a Cultivate The translator is supposed to be beyond the influences b Cultivation of the social and ………… environment of any of the c Culture two languages d Cultural Câu trả lời The translator is unable to change any aspect of the source language Rather, many aspects of the translator’s work are conditioned and determined by…… The translator must guard against trying to match ………………… from language to language, since each language has its own system for arranging concepts into different parts of speech The translator must strive for equivalence rather than identity In a sense this is just another way of emphasizing ………………….rather than the conservation of the form of the utterance The translator should examine his reasons for choosing the text and the potential for its use by the ……………………………………….audience a the source language b The second language c The translated language d The target language Câu trả lời không a pieces of speech b bits of speech c sections of speech Câu trả lời không d parts of speech câu trả lời a The correction of the message b The formation of the message c the reproduction of the message Câu trả lời d The creation of the message a Received language b Receptor language Câu trả lời c Receiver language d Receiving language The translator should remember … the zero article with plural count nouns in English to mean generally The translator should try ……… in the text those differences (usually by underlining) both in linguistic and cultural aspects between the source and target language The translator tries to come as close as possible to the meaning conveyed by the words, by means of word a Usage Câu trả lời không b Using c to use Câu trả lời d Use a Finding b To found c to find Câu trả lời d Found a Used b conveyed Câu trả lời order change or word choice so that the true meaning is……………… The translator, like the linguist who ………… all human languages to be on an equal footing, is among the first candidate to be liberated from the dominance of one language/culture The translator’s judgments, strategies and manipulations ………………all potentially exist in the translator’s interpretation of the source text and the formulation of the translated text which is governed by the target language The translators should read the text several times, then if possible read other materials that may help in understanding the culture or language of the …………………… There are a variety of cultural elements to take into……………… when starting a translation There are some word classes that are only typical in certain languages, so the number of word classes in all languages is not similar and their ……………… are not the same c Checked d done a took b taken c takes Câu trả lời d taking a Do Câu trả lời b Did c Does d Done a Passage b Language c source text Câu trả lời d Paragraph a consideration Câu trả lời b Consider c Considered d Considering a Relationship b Syntactic functions c structure Câu trả lời không d grammartical context a Or Câu trả lời không there is a skewing between the semantic classification …………… the grammatical classification Some b nor words are made up of more than one concept c but d And câu trả lời a subtracting There is any place where information has been added, b To subtract omitted, or subtracted c subtracted Câu trả lời d Substract There is no article in Vietnamsese whereas the ………….of article: indefinite articles a, an, definite article the, or zero article is a must in English noun phrases There is some unusuality or ……… in the target language There will be words which …………….some of the meaning components combined in them matching a word which has these components with some additional ones a Usage b Using c Use Câu trả lời d Used a Nature b Natural c Unnaturalness Câu trả lời d unnatural Câu trả lời không a Had b have Câu trả lời c Has d Having Things are defined as all animate beings and all inanimate entities Events include all actions, processes, ……… experiences a Nor b For c And Câu trả lời d So This means that the translator has, ………………….the pressure of deadlines, more time than the interpreter (especially the simultaneous interpreter) to process the source text thoroughly a Despite Câu trả lời b In spite c although d though To have interpretation as precise as possible, they should make regular shorter breaks to enable the interpreters …………………….the message in the same spirit a to relay Câu trả lời b To justify c To change d To reproduc to translate means “……………… a text in a target setting for a target purpose and target addresses in target circumstances” Today, roughly speaking, three ………………….of interpreting are practiced: liaison, consecutive and simultaneous interpreting a To arrange b to produce Câu trả lời c To get Câu trả lời không d To correct a senses b Speeds c Forms Câu trả lời d steps a Transformed Translating may be defined as the process of b transformer Câu trả lời ……………………signs or representations into other không signs or representations c Transforming Câu trả lời d Transformation Translating must aim primarily at …………………………………….To anything else is essentially false to one’s task as a translator Translation has become popular in language learning and daily life So far, there have been ………………………definitions of translation Translation has become popular in language learning and daily life So far, there have been many ……… ……………… of translation, Translation is rendering a written text into another language in a way that the …………… intended the text Translation is the ……………… of a representation of a text in one language by a representation of an equivalent text in a second language Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (source language), preserving………………………… Translation is the expression in another language (target language) of what has been expressed in one language (………………………), preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies “reproducing the message.” a many Câu trả lời b 17 c 18 d 20 a defining b definition c definition d definitions Câu trả lời a Worker b Author Câu trả lời c Secretary d Musician a Replaced b Replacement Câu trả lời c Replaceable d Replacing semantic and stylistic equivalencies source language a All the features of Translation is the expression in another language words and phrases, not (target language) of what has been expressed in one the whole sentence language (source language), preserving……………… b semantic and stylistic equivalencies Câu trả lời c The simplest form of the language in communication d Only the best meanings of the texts Translation it must be conceived as an integral communicative …………………………………… Translation it must be conceived as an integral communicative……………………… Translation may be defined as follows: the replacement of textual material in one language (Source Ianguage.) by ………………… in another language (Target Language) Translation should ensure that the ……… meaning of the two will be approximately similar Translation Studies, indeed a discipline in its own right, aims ……… which can be used as a guideline for the production of translations Translation theory includes ……………………….for translating figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches, rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and many other topics crucial to good translation Translation theory includes principles for translating figurative language, dealing with lexical mismatches, rhetorical questions, inclusion of cohesion markers, and … Performance a Performance Câu trả lời b Performed c performing d Performative Câu trả lời không a equivalent clauses b equivalent words Câu trả lời không c equivalent material Câu trả lời d equivalent sentences Câu trả lời không surface to produce a comprehensive theory a Principles Câu trả lời b Reasons c Results d Causes a To give translator a chance b Other fields to complete the process c A lot of work to d many other topics crucial to good translation Câu trả lời Translation, by dictionary definition, consists of changing from one state or form to another, to turn into ………………or another’s language a Her own b His own c Their own d one’s own Câu trả lời a Rewrite Translator need revise the draft on the basis of the b Reworded Câu trả lời feedback received from those people who may have không suggested many…………………., changes, additions c Rewriting or omissions with the translator d Rewordings Translators have to make sure that they ………………….a text well in the original language Translators should define both subject and verb predicate at …………… time if they want to translate a sentence a Understanding b Understood c understand Câu trả lời d To understand a the same Câu trả lời b The big c The nice d The good Translators should define proper verbs of English to go with the subject, either …………………….: be, get, become… or action/dynamic verbs run, work… to follow the subject a linking/static verbs Câu trả lời b Transitive verbs c Mono-transitive verbs d di-transitive verbs Translators should rely on the context to select the right word; in ………………about which word to be used, they could consult a dictionary of synonyms and antonyms or any thesaurus for help a case of doubt Câu trả lời b example of doubt c way of doubt d field of doubt a in several ways Translators should use procedures of tranposition to b in many ways render from the Source Language texts …………as to c in such ways Câu trả suit the Target Language grammar rules lời d in such a way Typically, two interpreters are placed together in a booth, and they follow an audio-transmission of speeches and …………………… Vietnamese is a ………… language Vietnamese words not change their forms a interpret them directly Câu trả lời b Doing the interpretation c Translate all the things d Interpreting the talks a First b non-inflectional Câu trả lời c inflectional d Second What is generally understood as translation involves the …………… of a source language text into the target text What the interpreter is unable to grasp in his first and only confrontation with the text is …………….forever When a word has one morpheme, the morpheme belongs to the ……………… category girl, house, do… which cannot be divided into smaller meaningful units When analyzing the text for translation ……………… the first time, the translator needs to find answers to these questions: when meeting for the first time, ………………………… when introduced to a guest, English people often say: How you do? as a greeting whereas the interpreter is faced with a unique, orally a playing b rendering Câu trả lời c talking d telling a Losing b lose c Lost Câu trả lời d disappeared a Free/root Câu trả lời b Inflectional c Bound d Affixational a with b in Câu trả lời không c for d Under a specially b Especially Câu trả lời c Specialization d special Câu trả lời không a The difficulty delivered text, the translator has …………………… of “flicking back” through the permanently available written text While the source text is addressed to a certain …………………, the translated text changes this factor in the situation of the language event to new readers in a new language b the possibility Câu trả lời c The pleasure d The happiness a b Readership Câu trả lời c Read d reader Câu trả lời không ... preserving semantic and stylistic equivalencies “reproducing the message.” a many Câu trả lời b 17 c 18 d 20 a defining b definition c definition d definitions Câu trả lời a Worker b Author Câu... as things, events, attributes or relations which are combined ………………lexical items Since the mid -19 70s the name ‘Translation Studies’ has been adopted to indicate that the …… ……………………………………………is... (sometimes dynamic translation) focuses more …… than form in the target language At the beginning of the 19 70s, the focus shifted from the word or phrase ……the text as a unit of translation Certain strategies