MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY NGUYEN DINH DUC MUOI SYNTACTIC AND PRAGMATIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH QUESTIONS WITH REFERENCE TO VIETNAMESE (BASED ON THE BILINGUAL NOVEL “GODFATHER”) ĐẶC ĐIỂM CÚ PHÁP VÀ NGỮ DỤNG HỌC CỦA CÂU HỎI TIẾNG ANH CÓ LIÊN HỆ VỚI TIẾNG VIỆT DỰA TRÊN TIỂU THUYẾT SONG NGỮ ―BỐ GIÀ‖ M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 8220201 Hanoi, 2018 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY M.A THESIS Field: English Language Code: 8220201 SYNTACTIC AND PRAGMATIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH QUESTIONS WITH REFERENCE TO VIETNAMESE (BASED ON THE BILINGUAL NOVEL “GODFATHER”) ĐẶC ĐIỂM CÚ PHÁP VÀ NGỮ DỤNG HỌC CỦA CÂU HỎI TIẾNG ANH CÓ LIÊN HỆ VỚI TIẾNG VIỆT DỰA TRÊN TIỂU THUYẾT SONG NGỮ ―BỐ GIÀ‖ NGUYEN DINH DUC MUOI Supervisor: Assoc.Prof Vo Dai Quang, Ph.D Hanoi, 2018 STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP I, the undersigned, hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled “Syntactic and pragmatic features of English questions with reference to Vietnamese based on the bilingual novel “godfather” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language Except where the reference is indicated, no other person‘s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hà Nội, 2018 Nguyen Dinh Duc Muoi Approved by SUPERVISOR Assoc.Prof Vo Dai Quang, Ph.D Date:…………………… I ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis could not have been completed without the help and support from a number of people I would like, hereby, to spread my profound gratitude to my supervisor Assoc Prof Vo Dai Quang, Ph D who has patiently and constantly supported me through the stages of the study, and whose stimulating ideas, expertise, and suggestions have inspired me greatly through my growth as an academic researcher Also, I am very grateful to all the teachers at the Faculty of Postgraduate Studies of Hanoi Open University for their interesting and useful lectures which have built in me a firm foundation with immense ideas for the fulfillment of this paper In particular, my special thanks go to my parents who have, as it always goes, encouraged and supported me so much in all respects Last but not least, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to my dear friends for their encouragement during my studies and my research work as well II ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the syntactic and pragmatic features of English questions with reference to Vietnamese This study used mainly qualitative approach In addition, such other methods and techniques as descriptive method and contrastive method were used The scope of this thesis based on the work ―Godfather‖ by Mario Puzo and its Vietnamese version translated by Ngoc Thu Lang The findings of this research will show the syntactic features of question such as structure, word orders What‘s more, from a theoretical perspective of language action and conversation, we have outlined the 40 language actions of questions on the basis of pragmatics Besides, we have drawn some types of mistake made by Vietnamese related to expressions and cognition and provied some solution to improve the learning quality These finding will be useful to all those who want to learn English questions III TABLE OF CONTENTS STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii ABSTRACT iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF TABLES vii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Scopes of the study 1.5 Significance of the study 1.6 Design of the study CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Review of previous studies 2.2 Review of theoretical background 2.2.1 Theory of syntax 2.2.2 Theory of pragmatics 2.3 Review of theoretical framework 2.3.1 Syntactic features of English questions 2.3.1.1 WH-question 2.3.1.2 Yes – No question 10 2.3.1.3 Tag question 11 2.3.1.4 Alternative question 12 2.3.2 Syntatic features of Vietnamese questions 13 IV 2.3.2.1 WH-question 14 2.3.2.2 Yes – No question 15 2.3.2.3 Alternative question 16 2.3.3 Pragmatic features of English and Vietnamese question 17 2.4 Summary 19 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY 20 3.1 Subjects 20 3.2 Instruments 20 3.3 Procedures 21 3.4 Data Analysis 21 3.5 Summary 21 CHAPTER IV: SYNTACTIC AND PRAGMATIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH YES/ NO QUESTIONS WITH REFERENCE TO VIETNAMESE IN THE NOVEL “GODFATHER” 22 4.1 Syntactic features of English –Vietnamese questions in the novel Godfather 23 4.1.1 Syntactic features of English questions 23 4.1.2 Syntactic features of Vietnamese questions 24 4.2 Pragmatics features of English- Vietnamese questions in the novel Godfather 25 4.3 Implications for learning English questions 50 4.3.1 Problems related to making mistakes 50 4.3.2 Recommendations for learning English questions 51 4.4 Summary 51 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION 53 5.1 Summary of Findings 53 5.2 Concluding remarks 53 5.3 Recommendations for Further Study 54 REFERENCES 55 V APPENDIX 57 VI LIST OF TABLES Table Distribution of Yes/no question types in English language sources 24 Table Distribution of Yes/no question types in Vietnamese language sources 24 Table Language behaviors of English and Vietnamese questions 26 VII CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale For learning foreign languages in the context of international integration today, English is one of most important language Through the experience of teaching English as a foreign language, the author found that sometimes students questioned in English in the Vietnamese, style and Vietnamese way of thinking The results of the survey of language behaviors in Vietnamese students' classrooms are also given the fact that English language is very limited because of many mistakes in language behaviors To overcoming these obstacles is probably a big challenge for students This is also the reason why students lack confidence in using English to communicate The main reason for this limitation may be that of Vietnamese students ordinary learn English in certain courses and for a while Moreover, students not have many opportunities to deliver frequently with native English speakers, so sometimes there still exist cases where the student has not yet determined the required degree of language behavior in English To find solutions to these questions to provide a solution to the situation above, in the process of learning and teaching skills and other language skills in the classroom such as listening, speaking, reading and writing, the teacher should point out how to use questions in different contexts Comparing the question in both English and Vietnamese from a rich source of material about the means of expressing the question in a polite way in social interaction is a necessity, especially it helps Vietnamese students learn English and foreign students learn Vietnamese have a guideline in communication skills, so that there is a good cooperation, dynamic and polite cooperation The thesis provides the general look into definition and characteristics of English and Vietnamese questions as well as the usage of English and Vietnamese questions Based on the analysis, factors causing common mistakes of Vietnamese learners in learning questions and some recommendation for better studying English are also going to be shown 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study The research aims at finding out the use of English and Vietnamese questions Furthermore, questions in the bilingual novel will be selected to find out mistakes in learning and suggest proper solutions The research results will help Vietnamese learners learning English questions from English in an effective way To achieve the aims mentioned above, following objectives are put forward: Describing the syntactic and pragmatic features of English questions and Vietnamese equivalents 4.3.2 Recommendations for learning English questions From the analysis of questions above, we can see many problems that Vietnamese learners may have We would like to show some approaches for the solution of the aspect of interrogatives To learn English well, learners need to establish a new knowledge-based system First of all, it is important to understand the structure and characteristics of question types in terms of syntax, morphology and intonation English is a language other than Vietnamese in terms of structure and morphology so when learning English, learners must clearly distinguish and not apply the structure of the mother tongue Secondly, Learners need to learn about the culture, spirit and life of the second language community It can be considered as the views, ideas, ways of thinking, psychology, lifestyle, etc For example In English: “Can you see a plane in the sky?” In Vietnamese: “Cậu có thấy máy bay trời khơng” The British used "int" for a closed space, while the Vietnamese concept of space is the sky above, the land below Similarly, we have ―in bed/ giường‖, ―under the ceiling/ trần nhà‖ Another example is ―house‖ in English refer to a building made for people to live in In Vietnamese ―nhà‖ has the same meaning but it also can metaphor for spouse Therefore, it can only be used in Vietnames community If you should introduce your spouse, it should be my wife/ my husband rather than ―my house‖ In cross-cultural communication, it is sometimes difficult to determine the context of communication because both the speaker and the listener not grasp the psychology and purpose of the opponent leading to misleading semantics and expressions Therefore, Learners need to constantly improve their knowledge Study and practice foreign languages through visual and auditory forms such as film, music, sports, politics, etc 4.4 Summary Chapter has provided the most general way of syntax and pragmatic features of English and Vietnamese question Based on the work with the original translation into Vietnamese we have classified the types of questions according to syntactic functions On the subject of pragmatism, based on the theories of Austin and Searle, we have 51 provided statistics and research on 40 language action groups in English that contrasted with the Vietnamese sentence to find out how to use it From the statistics on the characteristics of the question, we also provide common mistakes in learning English for beginners and advanced learners Based on these errors, the thesis also offers some suggestions on both the syntactic and the subjective aspects for the learner to have an overview and to refer to the solutions in order to learn English better 52 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION 5.1 Summary of Findings Questions play an important role in communication, cognitive activity and other forms of activity in everyday life Direct or indirect views suggest that questions are questions that require answers In addition, the question has many other purposes such as expressing concern, confidences, wishes or comments, comments in human thinking and in actual communication The thesis has revised the definition of question in English and Vietnamese in particular It has also confirmed the features questions in both of two languages in terms of forms and meaning From the perspective of language behaviors expressed in sentence form questioned in terms of politeness and utility, thesis also found out that questions can perform many different language behaviors, in various forms, by different means to connect or bridge another language act that promotes the word's effect it in the context of specific communication This is an important finding because before that question is limited to the scope of the sentence, so it is not perceived Leaving its important role in the larger scope is the text to carry out in detail a language behavior in communication The thesis has used a rich and diverse library to serve research with 549 questions in the book Godfather with the corresponding Vietnamese translation; Questions were used in the classroom, and questions that are used in the practice of learning foreign languages in English teaching materials Based on this material, the author of the thesis has performed the tasks of describing, analyzing and discussing questions in Vietnamese and English from the point of view of using semantic analysis methods Language, method of comparison, statistical method and multiple-choice methods The thesis is carried out in the following steps: survey the question types; study the questionable use in the text system of the source language and target language; Study of questionable verbal responses from language behaviors on communication practice; Apply the results of the study to compare the question in the automatic translation of English and English teaching English for Vietnamese students 5.2 Concluding remarks Characteristics of question form include different types of question, intonation, wordinversion and question particles The word order of components among subject, conjunction and operators is the main feature of yes/no question in both languages The questions‘ meaning features are studied under the views of many scholars Cao Xuân Hạo (1998); Nguyễn Thiện Giáp (2006);; Đỗ Hữu Châu (2003a, 2003b, 2007); Nguyễn Đăng Sửu (2002); Lê Đông (1996); Leech (1981, 1983), Levinson (1983); Searle (1969); Yule (1996); Peccei (1999) who indicated that questions can perform a 53 variety of linguistic behaviors, in various forms, by different means in order to promote its validity in the context of specific communication The research has developed the scientific basis for the study of questions from the perspective of language action theory and conversation theory Based on that, the thesis analyzed the language and generalized the 40 language actions of the questions in English and Vietnamese, thereby highlighting the form and illocationary act Through learning about common mistakes and suggesting some solutions for learning English, there is a problem to note When studying and learning English and Vietnamese questions, learners need to pay attention at the same time to two types of mistakes: in expressions and in pragmatic To avoid these mistakes, students need to distinguish between the two languages‘ structure and cultivate the knowledge of life and culture of foreign languages that they are learning 5.3 Recommendations for Further Study To conclude for what has been said in the thesis, it can be said that in Teaching questions in English for Vietnamese or Vietnamese for people In English as well as in translation from England to Vietnam or vice versa, It is impossible to grasp the question in both languages in a way Concise in both theoretical and practical aspects The thesis author expects that through the text of this thesis, the reader may have a deeper insight into the question both languages are spoken on the verbal level However, the thesis still has some limitations because it only helps to find out some of the features and characteristics of the questionable language in both languages, as well as some of the most striking features to describe the appearance of the question in terms of pragmatic Its servants are in terms of the subject matter Therefore, further research is needed deepen analysis the comparison of questions in both languages on different level of pragmatic such as research of Yes/no questions on Code switching, study of Speech Act Theory on Yes/no questions or Illocutionary Acts Theory of Yes/no questions 54 REFERENCES English Austin, John Langshaw (1995) How to things with words Oxford Oxford University Press Bright, William, (1992) International Encyclopedia of Linguistics Oxford Oxford University Press Brown, P., & Levinson, C S (1987) Politeness: Some universals in language usage Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Crystal, David, (2008) , ―A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics‖ 6th edition UK: Blackwell publisher, Edmondson, Willis (1981) Spoken discourse: a model for analysis London Longman Elson, Benjamin F., and Velma B Pickett (1988), Beginning morphology and syntax Dallas, TX: Summer Institute of Linguistics Grimes, Joseph E (1975) The thread of discourse The Hague: Mouton Kasher, Asa (1986), Politeness and rationality Pragmatics and linguistics Odense Odense University Press Lakoff, Robin (1977), What you can with words: Politeness, pragmatics, and performatives Washington, DC Leech, N.Geoffrey (1983), Principles of Pragmatics London: Longman Nordquist, Jonas (2017) Participatory design beyond borders London: European Journal of Education Puzo, Mario (1969), The Godfather New York: G P Putnam's Sons Quirk, Randolph, S Greenbaum, G Leech, and J Svartvik (1985) A comprehensive grammar of the English language London: Longman Searle, John (1975) Indirect and New York Academic Press, speech acts, Speech Acts London Svanrtvik Jan (1972) A Grammar of Contemporary of English London: Longman Chomsky, Noam, and Morris Halle (1968) The sound pattern of English New York: Harper and Row xiv, 470 pages Reprinted 1991, Boston: MIT Press 55 Vietnamese Cao Xuân Hạo (1998) Tiếng Việt: Mấy vấn đề ngữ âm, ngữ pháp, ngữ nghĩa Hà Nội Giáo dục Diệp Quang Ban (2005) Ngữ pháp tiếng Việt Hà Nội Giáo dục Đỗ Hữu Châu (2003) Cơ sở Ngữ dụng học (tập 1).Hà Nội Đại học Sư phạm Hoàng Trọng Phiến (1980), Ngữ pháp tiếng Việt – câu Nxb Đại học Trung học chuyên nghiệp Lê Cận, Phan Thiều, Diệp Quang Ban, Hồng Văn Thung (1983) Giáo trình Ngữ pháp tiếng Việt (Tập 2) Hà Nội Giáo dục Lê Đông (1996) Ngữ nghĩa - Ngữ dụng câu hỏi danh (trên ngữ liệu tiếng Việt) Luận án Phó Tiến sĩ Khoa học Ngữ văn ĐHQG Hà Nội Ngọc Thứ Lang (1973) Bố Già Hà Nội: NXB Thứ Tư Nguyễn Đăng Sửu (2002) Câu hỏi tiếng Anh đối chiếu với tiếng Việt, Luận án Tiến sĩ Ngữ văn Viện Ngôn ngữ học Hà Nội Nguyễn Thị Thìn (1994) Câu nghi vấn tiếng Việt: Một số kiểu câu không thường dùng để hỏi, LA Phó Tiến sĩ Ngữ văn, ĐHSP Hà Nội Nguyễn Kim Thản (1964) Nghiên cứu ngữ pháp tiếng Việt (Tập 2), Hà Nội Khoa học Xã hội: 254 Nguyễn Thiện Giáp (2007), Dụng học Việt Ngữ Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội Nguyễn Văn Hiệp (2009) Về số giải pháp mơ tả bình diện kết học câu Hà Nội Ngôn ngữ (11): 43-54 Nguyễn Văn Lộc (2008) Tìm hiểu nhân tố chi phối tượng tỉnh lược thành phần câu tiếng Việt Ngôn ngữ, (4) Nguyễn Thị Châu Anh (2012) So sánh câu nghi vấn tiếng Anh tiếng Việt bình diện ngữ dụng LA Tiến sĩ Ngữ Văn Đại học quốc gia thành phố Hồ Chí Minh Nguyễn Tài Cẩn (1996) Một số vấn đề câu tồn Tiếng Việt Hà Nội Giáo dục 56 APPENDIX Examples of English and Vietnamese questions in the novel ―Bố già‖ (by Ngoc Thu Lang) translated from the original novel ―The Godfather‖ (by Mario Puzo) The Godfather Pages and now these two animals went Bố già Pages Vậy tòa phường tuồng gì? Mày tính bêu xấu gia đình tao? free? Have you dishonored my family? Have you given my daughter Mày biết hết chiến tranh a little package to remember you mày sớm muộn bị tống cổ by now that the war is over and Sicily nên mày cố tình để lại you cho gái tao bầu kỷ know America will kick your ass back to your village niệm gì? full of shit in Sicily? His reward? Vì đức tính đó? How much did it hold? Ten 11 Cái túi bây lớn căng 13 thousand? Twenty thousand? phải biết bộn tiền phong bao! Dám 10.000 hay 20.000 đô không chừng he knew, wedding or no, there 12 Đâu phải bận đám cưới mà 13 would be a little work this day Ơng Trùm Corleone bng xi hết công việc? ―Who I give this job to? 13 Vụ giao cho thưa 15 bác? 57 how many millionaires let 14 themselves be put to even a small Có ơng triệu phú chịu làm 16 việc phiền phức bao giờ? inconvenience by a poor friend? Is it necessary? 14 Có cần đâu? 16 ―You‘re not hinting that a man 14 Bộ Ông Già xài người 16 like that works for your father? anh? Is Bonasera the only one left? 16 Còn Bonasera hả? 18 ―Why they bother your father 17 Ô hay, người lại kỳ 18 with business on a day like this? cục vậy? Father, Father, why did they 20 Bố ơi, có làm đâu mà 20 it? chúng nỡ làm này? Why you fear to give your first 22 Sao, ông bạn sợ khơng 23 allegiance to me? muốn kết giao hữu với nên không them nhờ vả sng, nhân danh tình bạn gì? How about giving us a song, 23 Ê, Johnny sủa chơi 23 Johnny? mừng bà mày? Can I something for you still? 25 Chuyện bỏ! Bây mày 25 You‘re not too famous, too rich, cần đến bố giúp thiệt à? Mày giàu that I can‘t help you?‖ đến thế, hách đến mà cần bố giúp thiệt sao? Does this man have real balls? 52 lão ta có tư cách khơng, có dám 53 chơi khơng? 58 lão ta có tư cách khơng, có dám 53 Chắc bác muốn hỏi lão có dám 54 chơi khơng? chơi mình, chơi dân Sicily cống phải khơng? I‘ll get that Johnny Fontane‘s 54 Thằng Johnny Fontane ông 54 balls thiến nó, nhớ quân chó đẻ ‖ cut off, you hear me, you guinea fuck?‖ How‘d she take it? 75 Bà Già có xúc động khơng? 75 I was in the war I got shot, 76 Cũng đánh giặc bắn chết vô 76 remember? số người, ăn đạn vài lần bộ? Is the hospital covered? 80 Ở bệnh viện có người 80 không? Who could ever foretell that 83 Nhưng mà ngờ dám ―bán 83 Paulie Gatto would turn traitor? đứng‖ gia đình Corleone? Who is he? 89 Ai vậy? 89 Is your father all right? 93 Ông Già bệnh tình nào, anh? 93 Chừng anh thăm Ơng Già? 100 the 104 khơng biết họ có cho không? 104 How come you‘re not playing any 131 Sao không chơi dĩa anh? 130 What time are you going to visit 100 your father? Will they let me into hospital so late? of your records? 59 And I don‘t turn you on? 133 Và anh không làm em bốc? 132 Can I call you for dinner some 134 Khi chơi 133 night? chứ? OK? 134 Chịu không? 133 You busy tonight? Can I come 135 Có bận khơng? Về thăm bây 134 over for a little while? không? Is it anything serious, anything 135 Có chuyện đấy? Có quan trọng 134 important? khơng? What‘s funny? 135 Có vui à? 134 What did he say to you? 137 Mà nói gì? 136 Can you meet it in Los Angeles? 137 Mày phi trường đón tao 136 chớ? Why don‘t you sleep in the 138 Anh ngủ đỡ phòng 137 guest bedroom tonight instead of dành cho bạn bè mà? going home? Don‘t you get lonely? 138 Anh không thấy sợ cô đơn hả? 137 Why can‘t I sleep in your 138 Sao anh khơng ngủ phòng 137 bedroom? em By the way, Ginny, you know I‘m 140 Cô biết không? Tôi làm 138 getting divorced? thủ tục ly dị Shall I plan on you being here? 140 Anh có nhà khơng để tơi 139 lo sửa soạn? 60 Is winning this Academy Award 141 Đối với thằng diễn viên 140 so an giải Oscar có quan hệ tối yếu cho actor‘s career, or is it just the tương lai, nghiệp thiệt hay usual publicity crap that really trò quảng cáo, nghĩa doesn‘t có hay khơng chẳng ăn terribly important mean to anything one way or the other? thua gì? What the hell are you talking 141 Mày nói đâu được? 140 about? Why the hell did you fly the three 141 Bộ sai mày ngàn số 140 thousand miles just to tell me that sang để nói với tao có shit? vậy? OK? 142 O.K chứ? 141 How the hell is he going to get me 143 Mày nói lo cho tao 142 the Award? giải Oscar? How you find it so easy to 143 Ô hay, mày tin thằng cha 142 believe that Woltz can finagle it Woltz phá mày and your Godfather can‘t? Ơng Già lại khơng làm ngược lại kia? Is there anything else? 144 Còn khơng? 142 You mean, you have to any 144 Mày muốn nói phải làm 142 favors in return for a loan of để đền đáp cho mượn vốn twenty million dollars? 20 triệu phải không? Who‘s that, Lassie? 152 61 Em này? Vằn hay vện? 145 Do you think we‘ll have to fix up 153 Liệu bữa có phải sửa 146 much nhiều chỗ không? of the stuff we did today? Why we have to hand over the 169 Tiền kiếm lại chia vô 161 money we earned? lý vậy? Why don‘t we go into my study? 194 Sao khơng mời vơ phòng việc 182 cha? Dad, can you join us? 196 Cha ơi, cha vô chút xíu 184 khơng? Is Sonny still running the show? 201 Vậy hồi Sonny làm 190 xếp sòng đám hả? What‘s the matter, a few slaps 202 Mới có nhiêu mà hết 190 take all the energy out of you? hứng, hết muốn đi? How many months before you 204 Mà tháng sanh? 193 have the kid? Are you going back to work 214 Tối ơng có cửa hàng 202 tonight? không? How can you think I would refuse 216 Bố Già bé cháu mà có 203 the Godfather? chuyện cần đến từ chối được? You gonna give me something to 222 Ở nhà mày phải có tí cho 209 eat at least? tao ăn chớ? How did things ever go so far? 241 62 Tại tình biến chuyển đến 226 nỗi này? What would the world come to 242 Thử hỏi nhắm 227 if people kept carrying grudges mắt đòi ăn miếng trả miếng against all reason? giới sao? Will he attempt any individual 245 Tơi muốn biết ơng bạn có tìm 231 vengeance? When time goes by cách trả thù không, and his position perhaps becomes phục hồi lực lượng ơng bạn có stronger, will he forget that we quên lời cam kết bữa không? have sworn our friendship? How Biết đâu chừng vài ba năm am I to know that in three or four ông bạn cảm thấy bữa bị bó years he won‘t feel that he‘s been buộc phải hòa tự cho ill served, forced against his will quyền xé rào đánh lớn, đánh nữa? to so Tơi muốn biết có hòa free to break it? Will we have to bình thật sự, nghĩa khỏi phải đề guard against each other all the phòng chơi thực khơng? Liệu time? truly ơng bạn Corleone có chịu cam kết go in peace with peace of mind? với anh em lời sẵn Would Corleone give us all his sàng cam kết không? this agreement Or can and we assurances as I now give mine? Who is to say we should obey the 246 Có thằng buộc 232 laws they make for their own phải tuân theo thứ pháp luật interest and to our hurt? And who chúng nặn để quyền lợi are they then to meddle when we chúng hưởng đau khổ tụi look after our own interests? nhận lãnh? Chúng thá mà xía vơ, kêu định bảo vệ quyền lợi mình? 63 You‘ve let the Bocchicchio 248 Thế cho thằng 233 hostages go? tin chưa? Why is it so necessary to be more 249 Miễn có tiền ngon khơng 234 clever than that? đần đồn, ù lỳ có đâu? Should we send your son-in-law? 250 Hay đưa Carlo xuống 235 đó? Wasn‘t he the one who brought 257 Mà hồi nhỏ có phải Sonny 243 you home when you were a đưa anh nhà, phải không? kid? Does Sonny‘s father know what 258 Bộ anh giúp đỡ ông già 243 you‘re doing? Sonny có biết khơng? Did Fabrizzio bring the car from 298 Có phải thằng Fabrizzio đánh xe 286 the garage? từ ga-ra không? How come you no call up no 300 Tại biệt hồi không 288 more? phôn tới bác? Hay lấy chồng You get a married? rồi? You mean this? 302 Em muốn nói này? 291 Will we have to live in the mall? 307 Thế tụi có phải 296 cư xá không? Mike, you sure about Moe Greene 325 Mày nói mua lại có 315 selling? Moe lòng bán khơng? The cops got on to them? 331 64 Tại cớm vồ chắc? 323 Have you done anything about it? 349 Mà có thái độ chưa? 342 Man, you gotta use your gun to 356 Mày bắt tao? Muốn bắt tao phải 350 arrest me? rút súng What you think Michael wants 362 Cậu nghĩ Michael gọi cậu để làm 357 you for? gì? Why the hell you have to go to 373 Sao sáng em phải 370 church every morning? nhà thờ kìa? After supper, can you drive me 376 Anh sau bữa cơm chiều anh 374 and the kids to New York in your cho mẹ nhờ xe anh Nữu car? Ước chớ? 65 ... IV: SYNTACTIC AND PRAGMATIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH YES/ NO QUESTIONS WITH REFERENCE TO VIETNAMESE IN THE NOVEL “GODFATHER” 22 4.1 Syntactic features of English Vietnamese questions in the. .. from English and also the form of the question is ended by the question mark at the end of the sentence In the case of the suspicion of admonition in English, sentences end with a tick and is... for the direct and indirect purpose of the question The question for the respondent to answer or to provide missing or unclear information to the questioner is the qualified question Meanwhile question