MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION MINISTRY OF EDUCATION & TRAINING VIETNAM MARITIME UNIVERSITY STUDENT NAME:BUI HUONG LY DISSERTATION GLOBAL STUDIES AND MARITIME AFFAIRS RECOMMENDATIONS TO ENHANCE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AT PORT OF HAI PHONG JOINT STOCK COMPANY – TAN VU PORT BRANCH HAI PHONG – 2015 MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION MINISTRY OF EDUCATION & TRAINING VIETNAM MARITIME UNIVERSITY STUDENT NAME:BUI HUONG LY STUDENT ID: CLASS: 50076 GMA02 DISSERTATION GLOBAL STUDIES AND MARITIME AFFAIRS RECOMMENDATIONS TO ENHANCE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AT PORT OF HAI PHONG JOINT STOCK COMPANY – TAN VU PORT BRANCH Supervisor: Hoang Thi Lich Division: Global Studies and Maritime Affairs Faculty: Economics HAI PHONG – 2015 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch PREFACE Currently, our country is entering a period of innovation, the period of accelerated industrialization and modernization, the scale of construction and is growing production and use more new technologies, with machinery and supplies diversity of types, so these factors can cause occupational accidents and occupational diseases for workers and it is increasing Therefore, implementation of measures to prevent occupational accidents and occupational diseases, protect and preserve the health of workers is urgently needed The improving working condition is one of the key tasks to promote the production and increase productivity of social labor The well implement of labor protection work will bring great significance in terms of political, economic and social Tan Vu Port Branch is currently in the process of promoting industrialization and modernization, the scale of exploitation is growing, the use of new technology with the machinery are diverse in type, so these factors may be the cause of the increase of labor accidents and occupational diseases Therefore, doing the research and provide recommendations for improving occupational safety in Tan Vu Port Branch is a critical requirement I declare that this report is my own unaided work It has not been submitted before If violated, I am solely responsible for and bear the punishments of the Institution and University Student Name and Signature Bui Huong Ly Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page i Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch ACKNOWLEGEMENT After two-month period of probationand study at Tan Vu Port Branch, I have done a dissertation about occupational safety Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor Mrs Hoang Thi Lich for the continuous support of my dissertation and related research, for his patience, motivation, and immense knowledge Her guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing of this thesis I could not have imagined having a better advisor and mentor for my study I would like to express sincere thanks to: - International School of Education, Vietnam Maritime University Teachers of economics faculty were helping me in the process of learning and doing research - I also sincerely thank the managers and employees of Tan Vu Port Branch for their enthusiastic support They have enthusiastically provided relevant documents to help me doing this research Although the dissertation has been completed but due to my own understanding of theory and practice is still limited so it cannot avoid some mistakes I would like to receive the appreciation and suggestions of teachers and friends for my dissertation Sincerely thanks! Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page ii Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface i Acknowledgment………………………………………………………………………ii Table of Contents iii List of Abbreviations v List of Tables and Graphs vi List of Figures vii INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY 1.1Definition 1.1.1 Overview 1.1.2 The concept of occupational safety 1.2Regulations and policies related 1.2.1 International Law 1.2.2 Law in Vietnam 1.2.3 Basic regulations on labor safety in seaports 11 CHAPTER 2:OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AT TAN VU PORT BRANCH 14 2.1Overview about Tan Vu Port Branch 14 2.1.1 Formation and development of Tan Vu Port Branch 14 2.1.2 Roles and tasks of Tan Vu Port Branch 17 2.1.3 Functions of Tan Vu Port Branch 17 2.1.4 Organizational structure 17 2.1.5 Infrastructure 21 2.1.6 Business results of Tan Vu Port Branch in Q2 and Q3 of 2015 23 2.2Situation of occupational safety of Tan Vu Port Branch from 2013 – 2015 25 2.2.1 Occupational safety regulations and rules of company……………………… 25 Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page iii Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch 2.2.3 The overview of the implementation occupational safety at Tan Vu Port Branch 31 2.2.4 The training on occupational safety in Tan Vu Port Branch 32 2.2.5 Equipping labor protection 33 2.2.6 The reality of occupational accident at Tan Vu Port Branch 34 2.3 Evaluating the occupational safety at Tan Vu Port Branch 37 2.3.1 Promulgation of company's regulations and rules 38 2.3.2 The implementation of occupational safety labor protection 38 2.3.3 Inspection work 40 CHAPTER RECOMMENDATIONS TO ENHANCE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AT TAN VU PORT BRANCH 41 3.1 Recommendations for the promulgation of company's regulations and rules 41 3.2 Recommendations for the implementation of occupational safety labor protection 42 3.3 Recommendations for inspection work 44 3.4 Recommendations for Government 44 CONCULUSION 46 Reference 47 Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page iv Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS OSH Occupational Safety and Health LP Labor Protection OCHO Occupational Safety and Health Officer ILO International Labor Organization WTO World Health Organization JSC Joint Stock Company Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page v Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch LIST OF TABLES TABLE 2.1: Flows guide to Tan Vu Port 16 TABLE 2.2: Berth system at Tan Vu Port 21 TABLE 2.3: Report of business production in Jul-2015 23 TABLE 2.4: The amount of money spent for labor protection annually 33 TABLE 2.5: Accident statistics in 2013 – 2015 34 TABLE 2.6: Some occupational accident cases 34 TABLE 2.7: Strong points and weak points of promulgation of company's regulations and rules on occupational safety 38 TABLE 2.8: Strong points and weak points of the implementation of occupational safety labor protection 39 TABLE 2.9: Strong points and weak points of the inspection work 40 Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page vi Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 2.1: Flow chart guide to Port of Hai Phong 17 FIGURE 2.2: Organizational structure of Tan Vu Port 19 FIGURE 2.3: Terminal area of Tan Vu Port 23 Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page vii Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch INTRODUCTION At the present, our nation is entering a period of innovation, the period of accelerated industrialization and modernization, the scale of construction and is growing production and use more new technologies, with machinery and supplies diversity of types, therefore these factors can cause labor accidents and occupational diseases for employees and in the reality it is raising So that, the implementation of measures to prevent occupational accidents and occupational diseases, protect and preserve the health of workers is critically required The improving working condition is a very important task to promote the production andraise the productivity of social labor If the implementation of labor protection is good, it will bring great significance in terms of political, economic and social Recently, Tan Vu Port Branch is in the process of promoting industrialization and modernization, the scale of exploitation is expanding and the new technology with the machinery is diversity These factors may lead to the increase of labor accidents and occupational diseases Therefore, doing the research and give suggestions to enhance the occupational safety in Tan Vu Port Branchis a critical requirement Research Objective - Assess the situation of labor safety at Tan Vu Port Branch from 2013 to 2015 Find out the subjective reasons and the objective reasons for the occupational accident and propose some recommendations for minimizing the accident at work at Tan Vu Port Branch - Draw experience lessons on solving the issues related to occupational accident Research Scope - Object of research: this research delves on the causative of accident at work - in production and business activities at Tan Vu Port Branch Research Scope: the industrial accidents and the solving measurement in Tan Vu Port Branch from 2013 to 2015 Research Method The methods are used in the process to implement this paper including statistical methods, synthesis of data in order to draw the regularity problems over the object of research Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch The company evaluated the results of the implementation of occupational safety and health, improvement working conditions and to report to the competent authority under the provisions of the law every months, preliminary annual… 2.2.5 Equipping labor protection Pursuant to the Joint Circular No 01/2011/TTLT-BLĐTBXH-BYT dated 10/01/2011 on guidelines for implementing labor safety in enterprises,production and business establishments; Circular No 10/1998 / TT- BLĐTBXH dated 05/28/1997 on guidelines for the implementation of equipping personal protective equipment Technique - Material - Safety Department of companies has the responsibility to guide, inspect, classify and aggregate to make the plan on equipping labor protection for the whole company The equipment is always being updated constantly recurring 06 months The procurement labor protection equipment is implemented by Technique - Material - Safety Department of the company: checking market prices, advising for the director about the quality, price, origin of labor protective equipment and the procurement will be organized in the form of bidding (a procurement method based on comparing price quotations obtained from several suppliers) according to the provisions of Law of Tendering and Decree No 111/2006 / NĐ-CP on 29/09/2006 guiding about the implementation of the Law of Tendering The costs for this in annual shown in the table below: Table 2.4: The amount of money spent for labor protection annually (Unit: Vietnam Dong) Year 2013 2014 2015 126.262.000 119.150.000 118.267.000 Criteria Labor protection equipment Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 33 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch (Source: Technique – Material – Safety Department) In the recent years, the equipping labor protection is focused, and increasingly professionalized with the form of bidding It makes the procurement of labor protection equipment being better in quality and more economical 2.2.6 The reality of occupational accident atTan Vu Port Branch According to statistics from the Technique - Material - Safety Department of companyfrom 2013 to 2015, the observance of labor safety regulations at Tan vu Port had positive changes and the number of accidents over the years decreased compared with previous years Thepropagation on improving self-responsibility and self-discipline in the work to employees about the prevention of occupational accidents has been enhanced; in particular the situation of occupational accidents is shown in the following table: Table 2.5: Accident statistics in 2013 – 2015 Year Minor Seriously wounded Dead Total 2013 02 01 03 2014 03 01 04 2015 01 01 02 (Source: Technique – Material – Safety Department) a Some occupational accidents at Tan Vu Port Branch Table 2.6: Some occupational accident cases Year Level Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Quantity Cause Injury Location Remark Page 34 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch lack observe when unloading cargoes leads to arm injured Minor right arm Berth number wearing fully labor protective injured C2 equipment Berth number wearing fully labor protective C6 equipment Le Thanh Accident when cases slipped while moving 2013 from ship to left leg broken berth Seriously wounded Dead Car crash subjective when moving in the yard 2014 Minor cases Fell down by wind while climbing the container to check Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Dead right leg injured sprain and right ankle Tong street going home C yard wearing fully labor protective equipment C yard did not wearing safety belt injured Page 35 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch signal lamp was broken, a worker there small crash had a light between two trucks chest injured Berth number C4 did not wear seatbelts 2014 Seriously wounded Dead Minor cases Seriously wounded 2015 Dead heavy equipment presses on toe broken right toe and Yard A did not wear work shoes Yard D wearing fully labor protective equipment got tetanus lack of observations finger and did not was coordinate abrupt with coworkers lack of neck observation while driving fracture and dead RORO ship wearing fully labor protective equipment (Source: Technique – Material – Safety Department) b - Analyzing main causes Subjective cause Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 36 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch It can be noticed that one of the causes of regrettable cases are from the human error The employees was subjective while working and performing tasks in working process  Not strict adherence to the equipping of labor protective equipment in the whole working process  Lack of observation in the selection of safe standing position while working at the scene  Insert skill, rigging, and unloading cargo not ensuring technical requirements Specifically, as the accidents mentioned above, it can be easy to see that the causesmajority of serious accidents are from the subjective consciousness of workers in working process The causes are you careless mistakes in choosing the standing position, lack of observation, careless in using the labor protection, or the coordination between the workers in one shift was not happened smoothly leaded to unfortunate accident and impacted directly on the health and live of worker as well as impacted directly on the efficiency of production and business of company - Objective causes Besides of human errors which are because not compliance with the law and regulation on occupational safety as mentioned above from the employees It is necessary to take into account the objective factors in the production business at the port: The typical accidents in recent times due to objective reasons often come from the hidden fault inside the equipment and vehicle or of the objective factors resulting from weather in case of falling down from the top of container while checking container Particularity of working time in the enterprise also partly creates unwanted risks to workers, such as work shifts, moving on the unsafety roads … 2.3 Evaluating the occupational safety at Tan Vu Port Branch Overall, the occupational safety at Tan Vu Port Branch is quite fair The company has control over the safe situation at work of workers, giving the specific provisions Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 37 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch in workplace and requiring employees to follow Results of the implementation of occupational safety are relatively good The following table is demonstrates the performance of occupational safety at Tan Vu Port Branch: 2.3.1 Promulgation of company's regulations and rules Table 2.7: Strong points and weak points of promulgation of company's regulations and rules on occupational safety Strong point "Built handbook ""Safety Weak point -The regulation on regulations on labor protection at management and reserve labor the port"" with the rules quite protection is poor tightly based on reality and the national and international law on labor and labor protection corner of propaganda for labor protection is a good model and should be replicated Through information and vivid visuals, corner of propaganda for labor protection at the company is considered as effective tool and should be replicated to raise awareness of implementing occupational safety of workers - The system dossiers and documents about the management of occupational safety and hygiene is incomplete, consistent and not synchronous with the characteristics of the company -Regulations on labor protection for female workers and welfare is not focused 2.3.2 The implementation of occupational safety labor protection Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 38 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch Table 2.8: Strong points and weak points of the implementation of occupational safety labor protection Strong point Weak point - Performing well and increasingly invest in the training of occupational safety - The organization of intensive training for those teams have -The equipping labor protection is focused, and increasingly work in electrical engineering, handling, first-aid and professionalized with the form of emergency in place have not bidding It makes the focused properly procurement of labor protection - A small number of workers equipment being better in quality limited in knowledge, skills and more economical and lack of initiative in the self- Most of the workers have a good sense of discipline in the implementation of labor safety preventing occupational accidents and occupational diseases - The warnings about unsafe in work and occupational accident prevention are not really effective and underestimated a bit, still exist some individuals due to poor awareness so still has subjectivity when working -Labor equipment procurement sometimesfalls into the passive because sometime the supplier does not meet the quantity and quality due to the peculiarities of each job of workers and the storage still have many shortcomings Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 39 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch 2.3.3.Inspection work Table 2.9: Strong points and weak points of the inspection work Strong point Weak point It can be said that the ensuring labor safety and labor protective -The inspection, supervision and handling of violations and equipment for staffs and making plan for it have been employees of the company are done but regularly made fully and seriously but still exists the problem that needs to be overcome - The network staff does The inspection work is not much and also have many different functions and responsibilities overlapped, therefore The examination and selfexamination was superficial, not thorough and frequent - Measures of handling violations of labor discipline lack deterrence so the unsafety at work still a recur problem Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 40 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch CHAPTER 3: RECOMMENTDATIONS TO ENHANCE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AT TAN VU PORT BRANCH 3.1 Recommendations for the promulgation of company's regulations and rules *Regulation on managing labor protection equipment It necessary to have clear and appropriate regime of sanction for these cases of using labor protection equipment for personal purpose not for working When the use right is out of date or worker transfers to another work, the employee must reimburse the personal labor protection equipment for the company The company needs to manage this problem strictly to avoid losing labor protection equipment * The system files and documents about the management of occupational safety and hygiene Company should organize inspecting and review all of the documents, the regulation and rule of the Company on occupational safety and hygiene to modify, add or replace to the system suit with current legislation *Welfare regime Because of specific characteristics of job, so the cultivation of paying in kind has not been applied The company should implement this method in the form of subsidizing food or improve the quality of lunch to ensure and enhance the health of the employees The implementation of the regulations on working, resting time should be organized and managed logically to ensure both been regime for employees and ensures the schedule and the production efficiency of the company *Regulations on labor protection for female workers Company should provide clearer rules on obligations of employers toward female employees, especially on protection of maternity for female employees Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 41 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch 3.2 Recommendations for the implementation of occupational safety labor protection The work of occupational safety and labor protection need to focus on some following contents: *Training Enhance the quality of periodic training for employees Company should make a special plan on the provisions and regulation on labor protection for new employees or the workers who had violated on safety rules in order to let the obligations and rights interest in the work of occupational safety At the same time, the company should train employees to well-known all the skill and requirements of work, technical, personal safety, have knowledge about how to use the machines and perverse them Make the plan for organizing the self-inspect labor protection activities in the work places of each team Each team must have an occupational safety and health officer, they are often the leader of team who have responsibilities and understand the clearly about the work of team *The warnings about unsafe in work and occupational accident prevention Company should expand the scope of corner of propagationby using banners and posters at the yard, warehouse, or directly next to the signs inside and outside of yards Company should setup convex mirror system to help workers widely and clearly observe Minimize accidents due to the lack of observation * Measures of propagation and education to raise awareness about occupational safety of workers Propagation is considered as a fastest and the most effective method to educate and disseminate legal knowledge to the employees in an organization So the plan should be concretized into the corner of propaganda for labor protection Organizations such as Trade Unions, Youth Unions, and Women Union are the key organizations in disseminating knowledge of laws and regulations on Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 42 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch occupational safety and the plan of company to each employee Company should promote the advantages of these organizations in order to improve the implementation of labor protection propaganda Each department and teamshould organize the movement of constructing “the model of working safety”, have the corner of propaganda for labor protection *Equipping labor protection The labor protection equipment procurement planning for workers need to pay more attention and more active to not fall into the passive because sometime the supplier does not meet the quantity and quality due to the peculiarities of each job of workers Restricting storage labor protective equipment to avoid wasting storage, and also avoiding equipping rotted, damaged by storage conditions Company should need classify the labor protection equipment into the standard size, classify the kind of equipment that should be tailored by individual measurements such as labor protection clothing, padded cotton waistcoat, signal vest, the helmet according to specific work in order to make employees using them most comfortable while working to manipulate and sort these kinds of labor protection equipment is not tailoring *Other recommendation Besides that, Youth Union of company should launch the movement of donating tree for the company on the Arbor Day to workers in order to increase the greening area and reduce partly the amount of dust in the air in the working area Promote movements to find out new ideas, innovate technique, conduct scientific research in order to improve working condition and prevent accident at work Regular self-checking Occupational Safety and Health to detect and timely overcome and address infraction The company has to pay attention to the working hours of workers who work in shift The company should invest in temporary accommodation system made of container's cover for workers Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 43 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch Introduce rationally recruitment and training policy Avoid recruiting justifiably that leads to unexpected damages about human and assets of the company Make appropriate development of human resource policy for the tasks that require high skilled labor 3.3 Recommendations for inspection work *The inspection work Enhance the responsibility of managers and staffs who directly steer and operate production *Regime of sanction It necessary to have clear and appropriate regime of sanction for these cases of using labor protection equipment for personal purpose not for working When the use right is out of date or worker transfers to another work, the employee must reimburse the personal labor protection equipment for the company The company needs to manage this problem strictly to avoid losing labor protection equipment 3.4 Recommendations for Government In order to minimize labor accidents occurred in company in the future, besides the recommendation mentioned above proposed, I would like to give some recommendations to the Government: The Vietnam seaport system has not yet kept pace with the development of the sea port services in the world Our country has many seaports but they are almost in small scale, so the safety standards are not strictly for the port Equipment in ports still not synchronous or outdated or the professionalism is not high It leads the ports have to use direct labor in the process of loading and unloading cargo In the future, Government and the local authority should have a plan to develop and build automation model to save the labor of workers and increase the efficiency of production and business The Government also needs synchronize and have a ramification road system, the warehousing; upgrading roads to catch up with the development of the seaport Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 44 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch system in the future as well as to ensure safety for the vehicles and workers in the process of moving from this area/regions to other area/regions Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 45 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch CONCLUSION This dissertation proposes several recommendations for company and the government to minimize risks in labor for the seaport of companies in particularand for the ports system in general The proposition some solutions to minimize occupational accidents isimprovingpartially the efficiency of manufacturing business operators in Tan Vu Port and reducing partly the economic burden on families of workers who got unfortunately accident Despite many attempts, due to the lack of time and knowledge, my topic is not able to avoid some mistakes I am looking forward to receiving the feedback from lecturers to make my topic more completely Finally, I really appreciate the help of my advisor – Mrs HoàngThịLịch and the staffs of Tan Vu Port Branch who guided me from the beginning until now to complete this topic Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 46 Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch REFERENCE Eijkemans, D G (n.d.) World Health Organization Retrieved 10 31, 2015, from http://www.who.int/en/: http://www.who.int/occupational_health/publications/newsletter/en/gohnet5e.pdf Excutive, H a (2013) Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 Approved Code of Practice and guidance Health and Safety Excutive Publisher, L (2015) Labor Code Labor Publisher Safety regulations on labor protection at the ports of Haiphong (2012) Haiphong Trung, e D (2014) Master thesis in economics US Legal (n.d.) Retrieved 11 20, 2015, from uslegel.com: http://definitions.uslegal.com/w/workplace-safety/ Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page 47 ... Page iii Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch 2.2.3 The overview of the implementation occupational safety at Tan Vu Port Branch... in Tan Vu Port Branch Bui Huong Ly GMA02 Page Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch CHAPTER 1: LITERATURE REVIEW OF OCCUPATIONAL. .. Huong Ly GMA02 Page iv Recommendations to enhance occupational safety at Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company – Tan Vu Port Branch LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS OSH Occupational Safety and Health LP Labor