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CÁC LOẠI CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN – UNIT 5 LỚP 12 Các loại câu điều kiện: Type Forms Usage 0 If + S + V(s,es), S+ V(s,es)câu mệnh lệnh 1 If + S + V(s,es), S + WillCanshall...... + Vo Đk có thể xảy ra ở hiẹn tại ỏ tương lai 2 If + S + V2 Ved, S +would Could Should...+ Vo Đk không có thật ở hiện tại 3 If + S + Had + V3Ved, S + would could...+ have + V3Ved Đk không có thật trong quá khứ Đk kết hợp If + S + had + V3Ved, S + would + Vo Đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện 1.Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 1: Should + S + Vo, S + Will +Vo • If he has free time, he’ll play tennis. => Should he have free time, he’ll play tennis 2. Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 2: Were + S + to + Vo, S + Would + Vo • If I learnt Russian, I would read a Russian book. => Were I to learn Russian, I would read a Russian book 3. Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3: Had + S + V3Ved, S + Would have + V3Ved • If he had trained hard, he would have won the match. => Had he trained hard, he would have won the match. If not = Unless. Unless cũng thường được dùng trong câu điều kiện lúc đó Unless = If not. Ví dụ: • Unless we start at once, we will be late. • If we dont start at once we will be late. • Unless you study hard, you wont pass the exams. • If you dont study hard, you wont pass the exams.
CÁC LOẠI CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN – UNIT LỚP 12 Các loại câu điều kiện: Type Đk kết hợp Forms Usage If + S + V(s,es), S+ V(s,es)/câu mệnh lệnh Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện If + S + V(s,es), S + Will/Can/shall + Vo Đk xảy 1.Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện hiẹn ỏ tương lai loại 1: Should + S + Vo, S + If + S + V2/ Ved, S +would/ Could/ Should Đk thật Will +Vo + Vo • If he has free time, If + S + Had + V3/Ved, S + would/ could + Đk thật he’ll play tennis => have + V3/Ved khứ Should he have free time, he’ll play If + S + had + V3/Ved, S + would + Vo tennis Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 2: Were + S + to + Vo, S + Would + Vo • If I learnt Russian, I would read a Russian book => Were I to learn Russian, I would read a Russian book Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 3: Had + S + V3/Ved, S + Would have + V3/Ved • If he had trained hard, he would have won the match => Had he trained hard, he would have won the match If not = Unless - Unless thường dùng câu điều kiện - lúc Unless = If not Ví d ụ: • Unless we start at once, we will be late • If we don't start at once we will be late • Unless you study hard, you won't pass the exams • If you don't study hard, you won't pass the exams BÀI TẬP Bài 1: Cho dạng động từ ngoặc: If I see him, I _ (give ) him a gift If I had a typewriter, I _ (type) it myself If I had known that you were in hospital, I _ (visit) you You could make better progress if you _ (attend) class regularly If I _ (know) his telephone number, I’d give it to you If you _ (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat If he worked more slowly, he _ (not make) so many mistakes I shouldn’t drink that wine if I _ (be) you If I _ (find) a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight 10 A lot of people _ (be) out of work if the factory closed down GV: HA DINH NHAN – TRUNG TAM GIA SU NIEM TIN VIET 11 I (have) ………… plenty of money now if I (not/spend) ………… so much yesterday 12 If someone (give) …………….you a boat, what you (do) …………… ? 13 If you (press) CTRL + S, you (save) the file 14 The children (be) happy if he (teach) them English 15 If she (buy) a new hard disk, she (not/ lose) all data Bài 2: Viết lại câu sau sang dạng câu điều kiện thích h ợp Keep silent or you’ll wake the baby up → If you don't keep silent, you will wake the baby up Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson.→ If…………………………………… ….…… I don’t know her number, so I don’t ring her up →If…………………………………… ….…… I don’t know the answer, so I can’t tell you.→ If …………………………………………….……… We got lost because we didn’t have a map.→ If …………………………………….…… …….…… Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes →…………………………………………… …… Without this treatment, the patient would have died →……………………………………….… … He lost his job because he was late every day →……………………………………………… …… Peter is fat because he eats so many chips →…………………………………………………… … 10 Robert got a bad cough because he started smoking cigarettes →……………………………… … Bài 3: Chọn đáp án I would have visited you before if there _ quite a lot of people in your house A hadn't B hadn't been C wouldn't be D wasn't If you had caught the bus, you _ late for work A wouldn't have been B would have been C wouldn’t be D would be If I _, I would express my feelings A were asked B would ask C had been asked D asked If _ as I told her, she would have succeeded A she has done B she had done C she does D she did Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary? A stole B have stolen C were to steal D steal You made a mistake by telling her a lie It _ better if you _ to her A would have been/ hadn't lied B would be/ didn't lie C will be/ don't lie D would be/ hadn't lied John would be taking a great risk if he _ his money in that business A would invest B invested C had invested D invests She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _ her to A wouldn’t advise B won't advise C hadn't advised D didn't advise GV: HA DINH NHAN – TRUNG TAM GIA SU NIEM TIN VIET If the tree hadn't been so high, he _ it up to take his kite down A could have climbed B climb C is climbing D climbed 10 If the wall weren't so high, he _ it up to take his ball down A climbed B could climb C is climbing D climb 11 If I _ her phone number, I _ her last night A had known/ could have phoned B knew/ would have phoned C know/ can phone D knew/ could phone 12 If he the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him A tells B told C had told D would tell 13 If you press that button what _? A would happen B would have happened C will happen D happen 14 She says if she _ that the traffic lights were red she _ A had realized/ would stop B realized/ could have stopped C has realized/ stopped D had realized/ would have stopped 15 I am very thin I think, if I _ smoking, I might get fat A stop B had stopped C will stop D stopped 16 If I _ that yesterday, I _ them A had discovered/ would inform C had discovered/ would have informed D had discovered/ could inform C discovered/ can inform 17 If you _ to the course regularly, they a certificate last year A go/ gave B go/ give C had gone/ would have given D went/ would give 18 I think he is not at home If he _ in, he the phone A was/ answered B were/ would answer C were/ would have answered D.had been/ would have answered 19 If I in London now, I could visit British Museum A were B had been C have been D would be 20 If Columbus _ money from Queen Isabella, he _ across the Atlantic A not receive/ could not sail B had not received/ might not have sailed C did not receive/ might not have sailed D would not receive/ might not sail GV: HA DINH NHAN – TRUNG TAM GIA SU NIEM TIN VIET GV: HA DINH NHAN – TRUNG TAM GIA SU NIEM TIN VIET ...11 I (have) ………… plenty of money now if I (not/spend) ………… so much yesterday 12 If someone (give) …………….you a boat, what you (do) …………… ? 13 If you (press) CTRL + S, you (save)... A had known/ could have phoned B knew/ would have phoned C know/ can phone D knew/ could phone 12 If he the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him A tells B told C had told D would tell 13