PASSIVE -----o0o----- Quy tắc: A: S + V + O P: S + be + V 3/ed + by O 1. Lấy túc từ ở câu chủ động ra làm chủ từ. 2. Thêm động từ “to be”, nhưng phải cùng thì với câu chủ động. 3. Đưa động từ (V) ở câu chủ động xuống, nhưng phải ở dạng V 3/ed . 4. Đưa chủ từ ở câu chủ động xuống làm túc từ cho câu bị động, nhưng trước nó phải có “by”. Lưu ý: -Trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian sẽ được đặt ở cuối câu. Trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn đặt trước “by” - Nếu sau “by” là đại từ nhân xưng (me, him, her,….) hoặc people, someone, one , anyone , anybody , somebody , everyone , …. … ta có thể bỏ. - Nêú tân ngữ trong câu bị động chỉ s ưj v âjt TENSES FORMS EXAMPLES 1. PRESENT SIMPLE: S + is/ am are + V 3/ed A: John delivers the newspapers every morning. S V O -> P: The newspapers are delivered by John every morning. S V O 2. PAST SIMPLE: S + was/ were + V 3/ed A: My mother wrote that letter. S V O -> P: That letter was written by my mother. S V O 3. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE: S+is/am/are+being+V 3/ed A: He is asking me a lot of questions. S V O O -> P: I am being asked a lot of questions (by him). -> : A lot of questions are being asked to me (by him). 4. PAST PROGRESSIVE: S+was/were+being+V 3/ed A: She was doing her homework at that time. S V O -> P: Her homework was being done (by her) at that time. 5. PRESENT PERFECT S+ has/have +been+ V 3/ed A: My mother has made these cakes. S V O ->P: These cakes have been made by my mother. S V O 6. PAST PERFECT S + had + been + V 3/ed A: They had prepared a dinner before we came. S V O -> P: A dinner had been prepared (by them) before we came. S V O 7. FUTURE PERFECT S + will / shall + have been + V 3/ ed A: They will have sold the house by May → P: The house will have been sold by May. 8. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS S+ has / have + been + being +V 3/ed A: They have been using the computer all day. → P: The computer has been being used all day. 9. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS S + had + been + being + V 3/ed A: she had been waiting for Tim for hours when he came. → P: Tim had been being waited for 2 hours when he came. TENSES FORMS EXAMPLES 10. MODAL VERBS (can, may, must. will, shall, have to, used to, ought to / be going to…) S+ can, may,…+ be + V 3/ed Ex: A: My friend can answer this question. S V O -> P: This answer can be answered by my friend. S V O CÁC DẠNG CÂU BỊ ĐÔNG KHÁC EXERCISES Turn these sentences into passive: 1. They will hold the meeting before May Day. → …………………………………………………… 2. Somebody has taken some of my book away. → …………………………………………………… 3. They have to repair the engine of the car. → …………………………………………………… 4. They may use this room for the classroom. → …………………………………………………… 5. The teacher is going to tell a story. → …………………………………………………… 6. The boy can’t solve this problem. → …………………………………………………… 7. John used to visit My Cole at weekend. → …………………………………………………… TYPE STRUCTURES EXAMPLES 1.Verbs of opinion (say / think / believe / report / rumour .) Active: S + V + (that) + S 2 + V 2 + O 2 Ex 1 : People say that he is a famous doctor. → It is said that he is a famous doctor → He is said to be a famous doctor. Ex 2 : They thought that Mary had gone away. → It was thought that Mary had gone away. → Mary was thought to have gone away. Ex 3 : They say that he was a spy. → It is said that he was a spy. → he is said that to have been a spy. Passive:  It + be + V (P.P) + (that) + S 2 + V 2 + O 2  S 2 + be + V (P.P) + to V O / to have + P.P . 2. Verbs of perception ( see / watch / hear / notice / smell / feel… & make / bid / help / let) Active: S + V + O + V 0 / V- ing… Ex 1 : They saw her come in. →She was seen to come in. Ex 2 : We saw Paul writing a letter. → Paul was seen writing a letter. Passive: S + be + V (P.P) + to V 0 / V- ing… 3. Verbs (advise / beg / order / urge / recommend / / decide / demand suggest / agree / be determined / be anxious…) Active: S + V + O (person) + to V 0 / V- ing + O (thing) Ex: George advised me to put my money in the bank. → George advised me that my money should be put in the bank. Passive: S + V + O (person) + that + S’ + should be + P.P 4. Causative form Active:  S + have + O (person) + V 0 + O (thing)  S + get + O (person) + to V 0 + O (thing) Ex 1 : Yesterday, I had Paul repair my motorbike. → Yesterday, I had my motorbike repaired by Paul. Ex 2 : I get her to make some coffee. → I get some coffee made Passive: S + have / get + O (thing) + P.P + by O (person) 5. Imperative form Active: V + O Ex: Sign your name here. → Let your name be signed here. Passive:  (Don’t) let + O + be + P.P  Let + (not) + O + be + P.P 8. They use milk for making butter and cheese. → …………………………………………………… 9. They have provided the victims with food and clothing. → …………………………………………………… 10. Luckily for me, they didn’t call my name. → …………………………………………………… 11. People speak English in most every corner of the world. → …………………………………………………… 12. The students are writing the lessons now. → …………………………………………………… 13. Her teacher taught her how to apply this theory. → …………………………………………………… 14. They told the new pupil where to sit. → …………………………………………………… 15. Nobody has ever treated me with such kindness. → …………………………………………………… 16. No one believes his story. → …………………………………………………… 17. Do they teach English here? → …………………………………………………… 18. Did the teacher give some exercises? → …………………………………………………… 19. Have they changed this window for the laboratory? → …………………………………………………… 20. Is she making big cakes for the party? → …………………………………………………… 21. Will you invite her to your wedding party? → …………………………………………………… 22. Where do people speak English? → …………………………………………………… 23. Why didn’t they help him? → …………………………………………………… 24. How many games has the team played? → …………………………………………………… 25. Who are they keeping in the kitchen? → …………………………………………………… 26. What books are people reading this year? → …………………………………………………… 27. The teacher gave each of two exercise books. → …………………………………………………… 28. Someone will tell him that news. → …………………………………………………… 29. They have sent enough money to these poor boys. → …………………………………………………… 30. They paid me a lot of money to do the job. → …………………………………………………… Turn these sentences into passive: 1. They saw him walk alon in the park. → …………………………………………………… 2. The teacher is watching the student work. → …………………………………………………… 3. We smell something burn in the kitchen. → …………………………………………………… 4. The boss has hidden Mary photocopy those documents. → …………………………………………………… 5. He won’t let you do that silly thing again. → …………………………………………………… 6. She advised me to sell the house. → …………………………………………………… 7. They begged us to help them. → …………………………………………………… 8. He ordered us to clean the floor. → …………………………………………………… 9. He recommends me to do the job. → …………………………………………………… 10. She urges him to visit her parents as soon as possible. → …………………………………………………… 11. Write down your name and your address. → …………………………………………………… 12. Don’t do it again. → …………………………………………………… 13. Take off your hat. → …………………………………………………… 14. Let’s talk to her. → …………………………………………………… 15. Don’t let the others see you. → …………………………………………………… 16. He wants to have someone post theses letters. → …………………………………………………… 17. He will have an optician test his eyes. → …………………………………………………… 18. She is going to have a dress maker a new dress for hert → …………………………………………………… 19. We have had the maid clean the floor. → …………………………………………………… 20. You’d better have your talor take your trousers in. → …………………………………………………… 21. Some people assume that money brings happiness. → …………………………………………………… 22. People expect that the economic situation will improve very soon. → ………………………………………… 23. People say that he was wounded. → …………………………………………………… 24. Poeple believe that he was killed in the airplane crash. → …………………………………………………… 25. Thet suppose that he lives abroad. → …………………………………………………… 26. They reported that the president had suffered a heart attack. → …………………………………………………… 27. They rumous that the President and his wife got divorced. → …………………………………………………… 28. In the old days, people believed that the earth was flat. → …………………………………………………… Choose the best answer: 1. He broke my watch. A. My watch were broken. B. My watch be broken C. My watch is broken D. My watch was broken 2. The teacher explained the rule to the student. A. The rule was explained to the student. B. The students were explained the rule. C. The students were explained the rules. D. A and B are correct 3. He often ass me to help him. A. He is often asked to help them. B. They are often asked to help me. C. I am often asked to help them. D. I am often asked him to help me. 4. His friends never forgave his betrayal. A. His betrayal were never forgiven by his friends. B. His betrayal was never forgiven by his friends C. His betrayal was never forgave by his friends D. His betrayal never forgave by his friends 5. I am sure we’ll settle the matter easily. A. I’m sure the matter will settle easily. B. I’m sure the matter will be settled easily. C. I’m sure the matter will settled easily. D. I’m sure the matter won’t be settled easily. 6. We sent for the police. A. The police was sent for B.The police was sent. C.The police were sent for. D.The police was sent for us 7. They speak much about this book. A. This book is much spoken about. B. This book is much spoken. C. This book is much about spoken. D. This book is much spoken about them. 8. Have they tested all the machines? A. Have all the machines be tested? B. Have all the machines been testing? C. Have all the machines been tested? D. Have all the machines been being testing? 9. Does he realize that they are laughing at him? A. Does he realize that he is being laughed? B. Is he realize that he is being laughed at? C. Does he realize that he is laughing at? D. Is he realize that he is laughing at? 10. The manager offers me several jobs. A. I was offers several jobs. B. I am offered several jobs. C. Several jobs are offered to me. D. B and C are correct. 11. I still can not believe it. My bicycle ______ some minutes ago. A. was stolen B. was stealingC. stolen D. stole 12. Some funny _____ in class yesterday. A. happened B. was happened C. happens D. is happened 13. The children’s arm was swollen because he ______ by a bee. A. stung B. had stung C. had been stung D. had being stung 14. Today, many serious childhood diseases ______ by early immunization. A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented 15. I ______ with you on that subject. A. am agree B. am agreed C. agreeing D. agree 16. Many U.S automobiles ______ in Detroit, Michigan. A. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing 17. When I came, an experiment ______ in the lab. A. was being holding B. has been held C. was being held D. has held 18. George is ______ Lisa. A. marry with B. marry to C. married with D. married to 19. Last night a tornado swept through Rockvill. It ______ everything in its path. A. destroyed B. was destroyed C. was being destroyed D. had been destroyed 20. Dynamite _____ by Alfred Bernard Nobel. A. have been invented B. invented C. was invented D. was being invented 21. _____ this work _____ before you went to Moscow? A. Will/ have been done B. Has/ been done C. Will/ be done D. Had/ been done 22. If you ____ about it, will you be able to answer? A. are asked B. ask C. will be asked D. asked 23. Do you believe that such a problem can ______? A. solve B. be solving C. is solved D. be solved 24. “ Can’t we do something about the situation?”- “ Something _____ right now.” A. is doing B. is do C. is being done D. has been doing 25. The university ____ by private funds as well as by tuition income. A. is supported B. supports C. is supporting D. has supported 26. This picture _______ by Johnny when I came. A. painted B. was painted C. was being painted D. had been painted 27. It must ______ without delay. A. do B. have been done C. be doing D. be done 28. This exercise may _______ with a pencil. A. be written B. be to write C. be writing D. write 29. The money ______ to him 2 months ago, but it ______ back yet. A. was lent/ had not been given B. has been lent/ was not given C. was lent/ has not given D. was lent/ has not been given 30. She could easily ______ for a top model. A. be mistaken B. have mistaken C. been mistaken D. to be mistaken 31. My shirt _______ by my sister on my last birthday. A. gave B. was given C. had been given D. was being given 32. They will speak English at the conference can be changed into Passive Voice as A. English will be speaked at the conference B. English at the conference will be speaked C. English will be spoken at the conference D. English at the conference will be spoken 33. They have translated Shakespeare's tragedies into many languages can be changed into Passive Voice as A. Shakespeare's tragedies into many languages have been translated B. Shakespeare's tragedies have been translated into many languages C. Shakespeare's tragedies have translated into many languages by them D. Shakespeare's tragedies into many languages have translated by them 34. Shakespeare wrote 'Romeo and Juliet' in 1605 can be changed into Passive Voice as A. 'Romeo and Juliet' was written in 1605 by Shakespeare B. 'Romeo and Juliet' in 1605 was written by Shakespeare C. 'Romeo and Juliet' was wrote in 1605 by Shakespeare D. 'Romeo and Juliet' was writed in 1605 by Shakespeare 35. They built this school in 1997 can be changed into Passive Voice as A. This school in 1997 was built by them B. In 1997 was built this school C. This school was built in 1997 D. In 1997 was built this school by them 36. They are painting the kitchen now can be changed into Passive Voice as A. The kitchen was being painted now B. The kitchen is being painted now C. The kitchen are being painted now D. The kitchen is painted now by them DIFFICULT ACTIVE ACTIVE PASSIVE 1. Smoke filled the room. 2. Moss covers the walls. 3. You must see it to believe it. 4. He wants someone to take some photograpgs. 5. He likes people to call him “Sir” 6. She dislikes poeple taking pity on her. 7. It is your duty to do this work. 8. It was her duty to do this work. 9. It is impossible to repair that machine. 10. We enjoy writing letters. 11. He has not slept in his bed. 12. You ordered me about and i was tired of it. 13. He recommends that new types should be fitted. DIFFICULT ACTIVE key ACTIVE PASSIVE 1. Smoke filled the room. 1. The room was filled with smoke. 2. Moss covers the walls. 2. The walls are covered with moss. 3. You must see it to believe it. 3. It must be seen to be believed. 4. He wants someone to take some photograpgs. 4. He wants some photographs to be taken. 5. He likes people to call him “Sir” 5. He likes to be call “Sir” 6. She dislikes poeple taking pity on her. 6. She dislikes being taken pity on. 7. It is your duty to do this work. 7. You are supposed to do this work. 8. It was her duty to wash the dishes 8. She was supposed to wash the dishes 9. It is impossible to repair that machine. 9. That machine couldn’t be repaired. 10. We enjoy writing letters. 10. We enjoy letters being written. 11. He has not slept in his bed. 11. His bed has not been slept in. 12. You ordered me about and i was tired of it. 12. I was tired of being ordered about. 13. He recommends that new types should be fitted. 13. He recommends that new types should be fitted. . made Passive: S + have / get + O (thing) + P.P + by O (person) 5. Imperative form Active: V + O Ex: Sign your name here. → Let your name be signed here. Passive: . given 32. They will speak English at the conference can be changed into Passive Voice as A. English will be speaked at the conference B. English at the