đề cơng ôn tập học kỳ I a- theory 1-Thì Quá khứ đơn giản (simple past) S + Verb + ed + Verb(c2) Nó dùng để diễn đạt 1 hành động đã xảy ra dứt điểm trong quá khứ, không liên quan gì tới hiện tại. Thời gian hành động trong câu là rất rõ ràng, nó thờng dùng với một số phó từ chỉ thời gian nh: yesterday, at that moment, ago, last + thời gian nh: Last night/ month/ week vv . L u ý : Nếu thời gian trong câu là không rõ ràng thì phải dùng present perfect. Ví dụ: John went to Spain last year. Bob bought a new bicycle yesterday. Maria did her homework last night. Mark washed the dishes after dinner. We drove to grocery store this afternoon. George cooked dinner for his family Saturday night. 2 - Present perfect ( hiện tại hoàn thành) - Dùng để diễn đạt 1 hành động đã xảy ra trong 1 quá khứ kéo dài và chấm dứt ở hiện tại. Thời gian trong câu hoàn toàn không xác định. - Chỉ 1 hành động xảy ra nhiều lần trong quá khứ kéo dài tới hiện tại. - Dùng với 2 giới từ for và since + thời gian. - Dùng với already trong câu khẳng định, already có thể đứng sau have nhng nó cũng có thể đứng cuối câu. have Subject + + (already) + pp has Ví dụ: We have already written our reports. I have already read the entire book. Sam has already recorded the results of the experiment. - Dùng với yet trong câu phủ định và câu nghi vấn phủ định, yet thờng xuyên đứng ở cuối câu, công thức sau: Designed by mai văn lạng 1 trờng thcs tháI thủy have Subject + not + PP .+ (yet) . has Ví dụ: John hasnt written his report yet. The president hasnt decided what to do yet. We havent called on our teacher yet. 3- V-ing( Gerund) - Bảng sau là 1 số các động từ đòi hỏi tân ngữ sau nó là 1 Ving theo mẫu câu sau: Enjoy doing something (thích thú khi làm điều gì) Like Love Enjoy Dislike Hate Stop Remember Finish Avoid (tránh) Suggest(đề nghị) Delay (hoản) Prevent(ngăn cản) Các động từ đứng đằng sau giới từ - Tất cả các động từ đứng đằng sau giới từ đều phải ở dạng Ving. verb adj. + preposition + Ving noun Tính từ + giới từ + Ving (bảng sau) accustomed to intent on afraid of interested in capable of successful in fond of tired of Ví dụ: Mitch is afraid of getting married now. We are accustomed to sleeping late on weekends. Jean is not capable of understanding the predicament. Alvaro is intent on finishing school next year. Craig is fond of dancing. We are interested in seeing this film. 4- wish Động từ ở mệnh đề 2 sẽ chia ở simple past. Động từ to be phải chia làm were ở tất cả các ngôi. Subject + wish + Subject* + verb in simple past . năm hoc 2008-2009 2 đề cơng ôn tập học kỳ I Ví dụ: I wish I had enough time to finish my homework. ( I dont have enough time.) We wish he were old enough to come with us. ( He is not old enough.) They wish they didnt have to go to class today. ( They have to go to class.) 5- Câu bị động Câu bị động đợc sử dụng nhằm để nhấn mạnh vào hành động của tân ngữ chứ không nhấn mạnh vào hành động của chủ ngữ trong câu chủ động. Ph ơng pháp chuyển đổi từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động. - Đa tân ngữ của câu chủ động lên làm chủ ngữ. Trong trờng hợp nếu có 2 tân ngữ ( 1 trực tiếp, 1 gián tiếp), muốn nhấn mạnh vào tân ngữ nào thì ngời ta đa nó lên làm chủ ngữ ( nhng thòng là tân ngữ gián tiếp làm chủ ngữ). Ví dụ: I gave him a book. hay I gave a book to him. Trong câu này book là tân ngữ trực tiếp, him là tân ngữ gián tiếp, ta đổi: He was given a book by me. - Thời của động từ ở câu bị động phải tuân theo thời của động từ ở câu chủ động. - Đặt by + tân ngữ mới đằng sau tất cả các tân ngữ khác. - to be made, to be made of đợc làm bằng - chỉ một vật đợc làm bằng 1 thứ nguyên vật liệu. This table is made of wood. - to be made from: đợc làm bằng - chỉ một vật đợc làm bằng 2 thứ nguyên vật liệu trở lên. - to be made out of: đợc làm bằng ( dùng cho thực phẩm) This cake is made out of flour, egg, butter and sugar. - Mọi biến đổi về thời và thể đều nhằm vào động từ to be, còn phân từ 2 giữ nguyên (xem các công thức dới đây.) Simple present hay simple past am is are + [verb in past participle] was were Chủ động : Hurricanes destroy a great deal of property each year. Subject present complement Bị động : A great deal of property is destroyed by hurricanes each year. singular subject be past participle Designed by mai văn lạng 3 trêng thcs th¸I thñy Chñ ®éng : The tornado destroyed thirty houses. Subject past complement Bi ®éng : Thirty houses were destroyed by the tornado. plural subject be past participle present progressive hay Past progressive am is are + being + [verb in past participle] was were Chñ ®éng : The committee is considering several new proposals. Subject present progressive complement BÞ ®éng : Several new proposals are being considered by the committee. plural subject auxiliary be past participle Chñ ®éng : The committee was considering several new proposals. Subject past progressive complement BÞ ®éng : Several new proposals were being considered by the committee. plural subject auxiliary be past participle present perfect has have + been + [verb in past participle] Chñ ®éng: The company has ordered some new equipment. subject present perfect complement BÞ ®éng : Some new equipment has been ordered by the company. Singular subject auxiliary be past participle Chñ ®éng : The company had ordered some new equipment before the strike began. subject past perfect complement BÞ ®éng : Some new equipment had been ordered by the company before the strike began. Singular subject auxiliary be past participle n¨m hoc 2008-2009 4 đề cơng ôn tập học kỳ I Động từ khiếm khuyết (modal) modal + be + [ verb in past participle] Chủ động : The manager should sign these contracts today. Subject modal + verb complement Bị động : These contracts should be signed by the manager today. Subject modal be past participle modal + perfect modal + have + been + [ verb in past participle] Chủ động: Somebody should have called the president this morning. Subject modal + perfect complement Bị động : The president should have been called this morning. Subject modal have be past participle 6- Câu hỏi có đuôi Khi sử dụng loại câu hỏi này nên nhớ rằng nó không nhằm mục đích đê hỏi mà nhằm để khẳng định lại ý kiến của bản thân mình đã biết. - Câu chia làm 2 thành phần tách biệt nhau bởi dấu phẩy. - Nếu động từ ở phần chính ở thể khẳng định thì ở phần đuôi là phủ định và ngợc lại. - Động từ to be đợc dùng trực tiếp, các động từ thờng dùng trợ động từ to do, các động từ ở thời kép: future, perfect, progressive dùng với chính trợ động từ của thời đó. - Các thành ngữ there is, there are và it is dùng lại ở phần đuôi. - Động từ to have trong tiếng Anh của ngời Mỹ là động từ thờng do đó nó sẽ dùng với trợ động từ to do. Ví dụ: There are only twenty-eight days in February, arent there? Its raining now, isnt it? It isnt raining now, is it? The boys dont have class tomorrow, do they? You and I talked with the professor yesterday, didnt we? You wont be leaving for another hour, will you? Jill and Joe have been to Mexico, havent they? You have two children, dont you? (Trong tiếng Anh, thì sẽ dùng havent you?) 7-Câu Gián tiếp Designed by mai văn lạng 5 trờng thcs tháI thủy 0.1 Ph ơng pháp chuyển đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp Khi chuyển đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp cần phải: Phá bỏ ngoặc kép, chuyển đổi toàn bộ các đại từ nhân xng theo ngôi chủ ngữ thứ nhất sang đại từ nhân xng ngôi thứ 3. Lùi động từ ở vế thứ 2 xuống 1 cấp so với ở mức ban đầu (lùi về thời). Chuyển đổi tất cả các đại từ chỉ thị, phó từ chỉ thời gian theo bảng quy định. Bảng đổi động từ Bảng đổi các loại từ khác. - Nếu là nói và thuật lại xảy ra trong cùng một ngày thì không cần phải đổi thời gian. năm hoc 2008-2009 DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH Simple present Simple past Present progressive Past progressive Present perfect (Progressive) Past perfect (Progressive) Simple past Past perfect will /shall would / should Can / may Could / might This, these That, those here, overhere there, overthere today that day yesterday the day before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the following day/ the next day the day after tomorrow in two days time next + thời gian (week, year .) the following + thời gian (week, year .) last + thời gian (week, year .) the privious + thời gain (week, year .) thời gian + ago thời gian + before/ the privious +thời gian 6 đề cơng ôn tập học kỳ I Ví dụ: At breakfast this morning he said I will be very busy today At breakfast this morning he said he would be very busy today. - Việc điều chỉnh logic tất nhiên là cần thiết nếu lời nói đợc thuật lại sau đó 1 hoặc 2 ngày. Ví dụ: thứ 2 Jack nói với Tom: Im leaving the day after tomorrow. (tức là thứ 4 Jack sẽ rời đi) Nếu Tom thuật lại lời nói của Jack vào ngày hôm sau (tức là thứ 3) thì Tom sẽ nói: Jack said he was leaving tomorrow. Nếu Tom thuật lại lời nói của Jack vào ngày tiếp theo (ngày thứ 4) thì Tom sẽ nói: Jack said he was leaving today. b- prcatice 1- reported speech 1. "Don't hurt yourselves, boys," she said. She told the boys __________________________________ 2. She said, "Go upstairs." She told me ______________________________________ 3. "Close the door behind you," he told me. He told me _______________________________________ 4. "Don't be late," he advised us. He advised us _____________________________________ 5. "Stop staring at me," she said. She told him ______________________________________ 6. "Don't be angry with me," he said. He asked her _____________________________________ 7. "Leave me alone," she said. She told me _____________________________________ 8. "Don't drink and drive," she warned us. She warned us ___________________________________ 9. "John, stop smoking," she said. She told John ___________________________________ 10."Don't worry about us," they said. They told her ____________________________________ 11."Meet me at the cinema." he said. He asked me _____________________________________ 12. Ha said to Mai: Dont touch the electric wires ________________________________________________ 13. Please, dont tell anyone the news, Ha said to her sister. ________________________________________________ 14. Dont drive so fast Ha said to Minh. ________________________________________________ Designed by mai văn lạng 7 trêng thcs th¸I thñy 15. “Please remove your shoes before entering” Ha said to Hang. → ________________________________________________ 16. “Ba, don’t interrupt me when I’m meditating” Ha said to Ba. → ________________________________________________ 17. “First switch on, then wait for 2 minutes” Ha said to Nhung. → ________________________________________________ 18. “Hanh, take the man to the cells” Ha said to Tung. → ________________________________________________ 19. “Don’t forget to write me a letter every week” Ha said to her friend. → ________________________________________________ 20. Ha said: “Don’t make so much noise, Hieu” → ________________________________________________ 21. Ha said to Mai, “You’re going to post the letter, don’t forget.” → ________________________________________________ 22. He said, “I don’t know what happened.” → ________________________________________________ 23. She said, “I went to the doctor yesterday.” → ________________________________________________ 24. He said, “I have a toothache.” → ________________________________________________ 25. She said, “I’ll write him a prescription.” → ________________________________________________ 26. They said, “We’re going to the drugstore.” → ________________________________________________ 27. He said, “The doctor gave me some pills.” → ________________________________________________ 28. She said, “I go to the supermarket every day.” → ________________________________________________ 29. He said, “I have received the envelope.” → ________________________________________________ 30. They said, “We visited Cannery Row.” → ________________________________________________ 31. She said, “I bought some bread.” → ________________________________________________ 32. He said, “I’m turning off the television.” → ________________________________________________ 33. They said, “We’re driving to Chicago.” → ________________________________________________ 34. He said he didn’t know what had happened. → ________________________________________________ 35. She said that she had gone to the doctor yesterday. → ________________________________________________ 36. He said he had a toothache. → ________________________________________________ 37. She said she would write him a prescription. n¨m hoc 2008-2009 8 ®Ò c¬ng «n tËp häc kú I → ________________________________________________ 38. They said they were going to the drugstore. → ________________________________________________ 39. He said that the doctor had given him some pills. → ________________________________________________ 40. She said that she went to the supermarket everyday. → ________________________________________________ 41. He said he had received the envelope. → ________________________________________________ 42. They said that they had visited Cannery Row. → ________________________________________________ 43. She said that she felt very sick. → ________________________________________________ 44. He said he had bought some popcorn. → ________________________________________________ 45. They said they were flying to California. → ________________________________________________ 46. He said he was cutting off the main valve. → ________________________________________________ 47. “I’m tired,” Trevor said. → ________________________________________________ 48. “Sorry. I wasn’t listening,” Hang said. → ________________________________________________ 49. “Is this your pencil?” he asked his pupil. → ________________________________________________ 50. “I’m going to Paris soon,” she said. → ________________________________________________ 51. “It’s time to start revising (ôn lại) for the exam,” the teacher said. → ________________________________________________ 52. “The film will be interesting,” I thought. → ________________________________________________ 53. “I can’t help you because I have too much to do,” she said. → ________________________________________________ 54. “Anne has bought the tickets.” She said to me. → ________________________________________________ 55. “It took me three hours to get here because the roads are flooded” he told me. → ________________________________________________ 56. “I think it’s a crazy (điên dại/ ngu xuẩn) idea. It’s won’t work” she said. → ________________________________________________ 57. The receptionist says “Breakfast is served between 7.00 and 9.00” 2- Tag questions 1. They told me a lie, ……………? Designed by mai v¨n l¹ng 9 trêng thcs th¸I thñy 2. It can’t be so bad, ……………? 3. It was a pity, ……………? 4. Jack is joining the club, ……………? 5. You mustn’t do that again, ……………? 6. You ought not to eat that, ……………? 7. They have sold the house, ……………? 8. Our team won the prize, ……………? 9. You are leaving here tomorrow, ……………? 10. You can’t come next week, ……………? 11. You ought to leave now, ……………? 12. He should have come home earlier, ……………? 13. He daren’t do it, ……………? 14. Go and get me some aspirins, ……………? 15. We need some more sugar, ……………? 16. I may open it, ……………? 17. You’d better keep quiet, ……………? 18. He used to live near here, ……………? 19. Open it for me, ……………? 20. Let’s sing it again, ……………? 21. He shouldn’t put so much salt in it, ……………? 22. Going swimming in the summer is very interesting, ……………? 23. Let’s dance together, ……………? The party is so wonderful. 24. Don’t talk in class, ……………? The teacher is explaining the lesson 25. Nobody understands what the lady over there says, ……………? 26. The woman seldom writes poems and stories, ……………? 27. Nothings makes you bored, ……………? You always look happy. 28. You have read this article on the website, ……………? 3-Passive 1. Our teacher used to bid us talk in class. → 2. Don’t let other see you. → 3. Workers were digging a large hole in the ground. → 4. Before they took exams they had revised their lessons. → 5. The car knocked a woman down in the street. → 6. When he came home his father was reading a newspaper. → 7. Cows were eating grass on the meadow. → 8. My cousin will meet you at the station. → n¨m hoc 2008-2009 10 [...]... 27 Your English doesn’t improve because you don’t practice it regularly If 28 The last time I saw David was in 199 0 I haven’t 29 The police continued to watch the house The police carried 30 Mr John gave an interesting speech Mr John spoke ... 18.It’s pity that you were not here last week  19. I regret speaking to him so impolitely yesterday  20.Alan regretted asking Arthur to lend him 20$  21.I want the baby to stop crying  22.He is sorry now that he didn’t invite Molly to his party  23.The hotel wasn’t good  24.I didn’t understand the lesson  25.My friend didn’t pass his exam  n¨m hoc 2008-20 09 14 ... rains heavily so I can’t come on time If 8 Mary is one of the most smart pupil in my class Do you know her? Do you know 9 Mary can’t speak English so fluently as her sister can Mary wishes 10 DaLat is one of a famous landcapes in Vietnam.I spent my holiday there Designed by mai v¨n l¹ng... town He said 17 She asked me not to be late She said to me 18 She gave me a book last night A book 19 The train couldn’t run because of the snow The snow 20 The water was so cold that the children could not swim in it The water was not ...®Ò c¬ng «n tËp häc kú I 9 She is running her own company → 10.Visitors must leave umbrellas and raincoats in the cloakroom → 11.My mother used to make us clean the house → 12.John hasn’t finished his homework → 13.They suggested... 32 The woman was terribly upset Her dog was run over The woman whose 33 If I didn’t have a key, I couldn’t get into yhe room n¨m hoc 2008-20 09 12 ®Ò c¬ng «n tËp häc kú I Unless 34 Let’s go abroard for our holiday this year Why 35 I fall asleep as... 37 My friend is too weak to lift the box My friend isn’t 38 My students are very good at Mathematic My students study 39 This is the most modern building in this area No building 40 I asked the students to complete these tasks yesterday I had these ... John’s brother doesn’t 48 They were such difficult questions that we couldn’t answer them The questions were so 49 Lan didn’t go to the school last Monday because she was sick Because of 50 Wy don’t you bring your brother to the party? I suggest ... truth  6 Mary is afraid she won’t be able to attend your wedding next week  7 We regret that we didn’t have enough money to buy that house  8 You drive too fast I’d like you to drive more slowly  9 You are too lazy The teacher wants you to be more studious  Designed by mai v¨n l¹ng 13 trêng thcs th¸I thñy 10.I’m afraid he won’t get over his illness soon  11 I’m not a doctor  12.I haven’t enough... the door if you like → 15.We have just seen a horrible accident → 16.What language do people speak in this country? → 17.At 7 p.m., Mrs Smith was making cakes → 18.He isn’t going to buy that house → 19. When I was 18 years old, my parents allowed me to go out in the evening → 20.This terrorist has kept 3 hostages for a week → 4- TRANSFORMATION SENTENCES 1 He gave me a book for my birthday I 2 Your . began. Singular subject auxiliary be past participle n¨m hoc 2008-20 09 4 đề cơng ôn tập học kỳ I Động từ khiếm khuyết (modal) modal + be + [ verb in past participle]. Subject + wish + Subject* + verb in simple past . năm hoc 2008-20 09 2 đề cơng ôn tập học kỳ I Ví dụ: I wish I had enough time to finish my homework. ( I dont