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Lý thuyết và bài tập đảo ngữ cực hay có đáp án . Đảo ngữ (P1) I. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT. • No + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf). Not any + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf). Eg:I won’t lend you any money from now on. Eg:Not anyNo money will I lend you from now on. Eg:Not a tear did she shed when the story ended in tragedy. II. Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định NEVER ( không bao giờ, chưa bao giờ) , RARELY ( ítkhi), SELDOM ( hiếm khi), LITTLE ( hầu như không), HARDLY EVER ( hầu như không bao giờ) Never Rarely Seldom + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf) Little Hardly ever Eg:She has never seen such a beautiful house in her life Never in her life has she seen such a beautiful picture. I seldom listen to Rock music. Seldom do I listen to Rock music. He hardly ever speaks in the public. Hardly ever does he speak in the public. There was no precedent for the King’s resignation. Never before had any King resigned. This is the first time I have seen such an interesting film. Never before have I seen such an interesting film. The way so much money has been spent on so little purpose must be a record. Never before has so much money been spent on so little purpose. III. Đảo ngữ với ONLY: • Only once ( chỉ một lần) • Only later ( chỉ sau này) • Only in this way ( chỉ bằng cách này) • Only in that way ( chỉ bằng cách đó) • Only then ( chỉ khi ấy) + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf) • Only after + Noun Vingclause ( chỉ sau khi) • Only by + noun Ving ( chỉ bằng cách) • Only when + clause ( chỉ khi) • Only if + clause ( chỉ nếu) • Only with + Noun ( chỉ với) • Only in + adverb of time place ( chỉ vào chỉ ở) • Only once have I met her • Only in this way can we succeed • Only then did I realize that I had left my purpose at home. • Only when I arrived at the airport, did I realize that I had left my passport at home. • Only after a twelve hourwait, did my flight leave • Only after posting the letter, did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a stamp. • Only if you practice English at least 2 hours a day can you master it. • Only by practicing English at least 2 hours a day can you master it. • Only with a big sum of money can you buy a house in Hanoi. • Only in April is there this kind of flower.
1 Đảo ngữ (P1) I Đảo ngữ với NO NOT • No + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf) Not any + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf) Eg:I won’t lend you any money from now on Eg:Not any/No money will I lend you from now on Eg:Not a tear did she shed when the story ended in tragedy II Đảo ngữ với trạng từ phủ định NEVER ( không bao giờ, chưa bao giờ) , RARELY ( ítkhi), SELDOM ( khi), LITTLE ( không), HARDLY EVER ( không bao giờ) Never Rarely Seldom + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf) Little Hardly ever Eg:She has never seen such a beautiful house in her life Never in her life has she seen such a beautiful picture I seldom listen to Rock music Seldom I listen to Rock music He hardly ever speaks in the public Hardly ever does he speak in the public There was no precedent for the King’s resignation Never before had any King resigned This is the first time I have seen such an interesting film Never before have I seen such an interesting film The way so much money has been spent on so little purpose must be a record Never before has so much money been spent on so little purpose III Đảo ngữ với ONLY: • Only once ( lần) • Only later ( sau này) • Only in this way ( cách này) • Only in that way ( cách đó) • Only then ( ấy) + Auxiliary + S + verb ( inf) • Only after + Noun/ V-ing/clause ( sau khi) • Only by + noun/ V-ing ( cách) • Only when + clause ( khi) • Only if + clause ( nếu) • Only with + Noun ( với) • Only in + adverb of time/ place ( vào/ ở) • Only once have I met her • Only in this way can we succeed • • Only then did I realize that I had left my purpose at home Only when I arrived at the airport, did I realize that I had left my passport at home • Only after a twelve hour-wait, did my flight leave • Only after posting the letter, did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a stamp • Only if you practice English at least hours a day can you master it • Only by practicing English at least hours a day can you master it • Only with a big sum of money can you buy a house in Hanoi • Only in April is there this kind of flower IV Đảo ngữ với cụm giới từ có NO: • At no time ( chưa bao giờ…) • On no account ( Với lý không…) + Auxiliary+ S + Verb (inf) • On no condition ( tuyệt đối không…) • Under/In no circumstances (Trong hoàn cảnh không…) • For no reason ( không lý gì) • In no way ( không cách nào) • No longer ( không còn) The outcome of the election was never in doubt At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt You mustn’t touch the switch on any account On no account must you touch the switch For no reason must you play truant He used to smoke 20 cigarettes a day No longer does he smoke 20 cigarettes a day He never suspected that she was a witch At no time did he suspect that she was a witch The money is not to be paid under any circumstances Under no circumstances is the money to be paid V Bài tập Rewrite the sentence A country can’t be prosperous if it’s not quite independent Only when You can drive a car only after you obtain a driving licence Only after They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left Only after a twelve hours wait He never suspected that money had been stolen At no time He recognized that he had been deceived only later Only later I’ve never seen such a house Never _ Our neighbour hasn’t once invited us into his home Not once You should phone the police whatever may happen Under no circumstances _ We only dispatch goods after receiving the money Only after the money 10 I rarely buy any other papers Rarely 11 He never buys a paper without reading the whole thing Never does 12 We seldom have enough time to read Seldom _ 13 She’ll hardly ever read the editorials Hardly 14 The outcome of the election was never in doubt At no time 15 The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book immediately So 16 You seldom find reunited twins who not get on well together Seldom 17 There many reasons were for the choice There 18 A horse stood beside the roadside Beside 19.You can make progress in English only by practising it everyday Only by 20 I never have heard such an extraordinary story before Never before KEY Only when a country is independent can it be prosperous Only after obtaining a driving license, can you drive a car Only after a twelve hours wait did their flight leave At no time did he suspect that money had been stolen Only later did he recognize that he had been deceived Never have I seen such a house Not once has our neighbor invited us into his home Under no circumstances should you phone the police Only after the money has been received will we dispatch 10 Rarely I buy any other papers 11 Never does he buy a paper without reading the whole thing 12 Seldom we have enough time to read 13 Hardly will she ever read the editorials 14 At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt 15 So great was the demand that they had to reprint the book immediately 16 Seldom you find reunited twins who not get on well together 17 There were many reasons for the choice 18 Beside the roadside stood a horse 19 Only by practicing English everyday can you make progress in it 20 Never before have I heard such an extraordinary story Đảo ngữ (P2) I Đảo ngữ với: No sooner … Than; • Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely… When/before ( Vừa ….thì…) • No sooner + had + S + P2 + than + clause • Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely + Auxiliary + S + V + when/before + clause Eg:I had no sooner arrived home than the phone rang No sooner had I arrived home than the phone rang I had hardly arrived home when the phone rang Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang EXAMPLE: 1/ He got down to writing the letter as soon as he returned from his walk No sooner had he returned from his walk than He got down to writing the letter 2/ She just had time to put up her umbrella before the rain came down in torrents No sooner had she put up her umbrella than the rain came down in torrents 3/ She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her Hardly had she begun to speak when people started interrupting her 4/ Someone rang the alarm as soon as the burglars left the building No sooner had the burglars left the building than Someone rang the alarm 5/ Tear gas was released as soon as the thieves touched the safe No sooner had the thieves touched the safe than Tear gas was released 6/ Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor fell ill No sooner had he been appointment to the post than the editor fell ill 7/ I had hardly put the phone down when the boss rang back Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back 8/ She had hardly begun her performance when the light went out No sooner had she begun her performance than the light went out II Đảo ngữ với • Not until/till ( then/ later) • Not until/till + Clause + Au + S + V Then/later/ Adv of time Eg:He couldn’t speak until he was Not until he was 8, could he speak = It was not until he was that he could speak o Not until I got home, did I know that I had lost my keys = It was not until I got home that I knew that I had lost my keys He forgot about the gun until he got to the police station Not until he got to the Police Station, did he remember about the gun He didn’t return to his country until last June Not till did he return to his country until last June III Đảo ngữ với NOWHERE • Nowhere + Auxi + S + V You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs Jones Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones Nowhere can you find your wallet Nowhere in the world is the climate as rough as that in the North Pole Nowhere I feel as comfortable as I at home IV Đảo ngữ với SO SUCH: a/ Đảo ngữ với SO: So + adj/adv + Au + S + that + clause He worked so hard that he forgot his lunch So hard did he work that he forgot his lunch The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night So popular is the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night It is so hot that you can fry an egg on the pavement So hot is it that you can fry an egg on the pavement Her grief was so great that she almost fainted So great was her grief that she almost fainted b/ Đảo ngữ với SUCH: Such + Be + Noun + that + clause The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night Such is the popularity of the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night She is so beautiful that I can’t take my eyes off her Such is her beauty that I can’t take my eyes off her Her grief is so great that she almost fainted Such is her grief that she almost fainted He was so intelligent that he could answer all the questions in “ Who wants to become a millionaire?” Such was his intelligence that he could answer all the questions in “ Who wants to become a millionaire?” V Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện (Inversion in Conditional Sentences) Trong câu điều kiện ta thực đảo ngữ mệnh đề với If (If clause) Với loại câu điều kiện,ta có cách đảo ngữ riêng a Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại I (type I) • If+S +(should)+ V Should + S + Vinfinitive If he comes, I’ll call the police Should he come, I’ll call the police b Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại II (type II) * Câu có động từ "to be": If + S + were Were + S • I f I were you, I wouldn't that Were I you, I wouldn't that * Câu dùng động từ thường: If + S + Ved/V2 Were + S + to Vinfinitive If I knew Portuguese, I’d speak to Ronando Were I to know Portuguese, I’d speak to Ronando c Câu điều kiện loại III (type III) • If + S + had Ved2 Had + S + P2 If I hadn’t seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it Notes: Với câu điều kiện phủ định, đảo ngữ ta để NOT sau chủ ngữ VI Đảo ngữ sau cụm trạng từ phƣơng hƣớng vị trí: ( Inversion after adverbial phrases of direction and place) -Khi câu bắt đầu cụm trạng từ, đặc biệt trạng từ phương hướng vị trí nội động từ thường đảo lên trước chủ ngữ Cách đảo ngữ sử dụng đặc biệt văn phong trang trọng ( formal) văn chương ( literary) • ` (Place) + V + S Here comes the train Above the fireplace was a portrait of Lenin On the table sat the cat Up went the price In an armchair sat his mother Notes: Động từ TO BE thường sử dụng dạng đảo ngữ này, ta dùng động từ chuyển động như” climb, come, fly,go, hang, lie, run, sit, stand… Thường dùng dạng đảo ngữ động từ khứ đơn giản Trong trường hợp đảo ngữ này, không sử dụng trợ động từ câu hỏi mà dùng trực tiếp động từ đặt trước chủ ngữ Không thực đảo ngữ chủ ngữ đại từ Không dùng : In an armchair sat she * Emphasizing form: • • • • Come in, please - Do come in, please I went out last night - I did go out last night It is/ was + Emphatic part(phần nhấn mạnh) + that + clause + Verb Shakespeare wrote Hamlet It was Shakespeare that wrote Hamlet VII Bài tập EXERCISE:Turn the following into inverted sentences The matter could be explained in no other way We had hardly started when it began to rain I have seldom heard such beautiful singing I shall never forget your kindness I saw only then the danger we were in We had no sooner left the house than it exploded He didn't realize that he had lost the key till he got home They not only robbed you, they smashed everything 9 Half a dozen apples fell down 10 If an emergency should arise, dial 999 11 If Rex were a little more hard-working, he would not fail 12 If Mr Chan had been kinder to his employees, his business would not have collapsed 13 She had never been so disappointed before 14 I have never known such a generous person 15 I have never seen such a mess in my life 16 Public borrowing has seldom been so high 17 They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony 18 They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success 19 The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent 20 I had hardly begun to apologize when the door closed 21 The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property 22 The couple had no sooner arrived than the priest started the ceremony 23 Tom only understood the meaning of the comment when he saw his wife's face 24 The restaurant cannot accept animals under any circumstances 25 The artist rarely paid any attention to his agent's advice 26 He bought so many books that he couldn't read them all 27 It was such a boring speech that I got sleepy KEY In no way could the matter be explained Hardly had we started when it began to rain Seldom have I heard such beautiful singing Never shall I forget your kindness Only after the danger did I see we were in No sooner had we left the house than it exploded Not until he got home did he realize that he had lost the key Not only did they rob you, they smashed everything Down fell haft a dozen apples 10 Should an emergency arise, dial 999 11 Were Rex a little more hardworking, he would not fail 12 Had Mr Chan been kinder to his employees, his business would not have collapsed 13 Never had she been so disappointed before 14 Never have I known such a generous person 15 Never have I seen such a mess in my life 16 Seldom has public borrowing been so high 17 Seldom had they participated in such a fascinating ceremony 18 Little did they suspect that the musical was going to be a runaway success 19 Little did the embassy staff realize that Ted was a secret agent 20 Hardly had I begun to apologize when the door closed 21 In no way can the shop be held responsible for customers’ lost property 22 No sooner had the couple arrived than the priest started the ceremony 23 Only when Tom saw his wife’s face did he understand the meaning of the comment 24 Under no circumstances can the restaurant accept animals 25 Rarely did the artist pay any attention to his agent’s advice 26 So many books did he buy that he couldn't read them all 27 Such was a boring speech that I got sleepy ĐẢO NGỮ (P3) I BÀI TẬP (CHỮA TRONG VIDEO) EXERCISE 1 Never ………… me again a will she love b she loves c she won't loved d she will love Not only ………….but she is also very intelligent a she is beautiful b beautiful she is c is she beautiful d beautiful is she No sooner……… out that it rained a did I go b I went c had I gone d I had gone Seldom…………… the guitar a he plays b does he play c he doesn't play d he does play Hardly………… a word whether son came back a couldn't she say b she could say c she couldn't say d could she say Often………… a meeting a we have b we have c have we d we have Many a time ………….he wants to marry me a said he b he said c has he said d he has said Only at weekend………….my kids to Water Park a I don't take b I take c I take d I take So old………… that she couldn't dance a She wasn't b she was c wasn't she d was he 10 …………here yesterday, you would have met me a Were you b you were c Had you been d You had been 11 On the battle field…………… a the tanks did lie b the tanks lay c did the tanks lie d lay the tanks 12 At no time …………greater opportunities a did women had b has women had c does women have d have women had 13 Not once………… into her eyes a he looked b does he looked c did he look d looked he 14 ……… has the work bee so easy a Never b only by c When d For 15 Nowhere…………… such cooperative staff a you can find b you found c you could fmd d can you find 16 Never before ………… in an earnest attempt to resolve their differences a have the leaders of these two countries met b the leaders of these two countries have met c have the leaders of these two countries meet d met the leaders of these two countries 17 Not only the child, but also the grandparents …………… a is joining b joins c were joining d has joined 18 Seldom……… a newspaper a buys Anna b does Anna buy c bought Anna d Anna does buy 19 Not only……… at the post office, ……………at the grocery store a does Mary work/but she also works b works Mary/but she also works c does Mary work/but does she also work d works Mary/but does she also work 20 No sooner…………… the house than the phone started to ring a had she entered b she had entered c entered she d had entered she EXERCISE Only by saving money………… a house a he buys b he can buy c can he buy d buy she Not even once……… the truth a he tells b he tell c tells he d has she told Choose the correct inverted form a Into the room came the teachers b Not only lazy she is but she is naughty c No sooner had he drunk a cup of coffee than he asked another d A and c are correct Not only…………… beautiful but she is graceful as well a did she b she was c is she d she is No sooner ……….than he begins to be washed a is a human being born b was a human being born c a human being born d a human being had been born Seldom ……… treated like that a I have been b am I c I am d I had been Over there………… the shop that sells souvenirs a is b are c has d have Never before……… such a disaster a they suffer b they have suffered c had they suffered d they had suffered Only if I had known the difference…… the more expensive car a would I bought b I would have bought c would I buy d would I have bought 10 Neither Mary nor her friends………… going to the party a is b are c was d a or b 11 Only once a day……… home a does Mary leave b left Mary c Mary leaves d will Mary left 12 Only once a day ……… home a we can speak b can we speak c we speak d we cannot speak 13 Many a time…… this mistake a he makes b he has made c did he make d will he make 14 Never……… the exact cause of earthquakes a scientists have discovered b did scientists discover c scientists discover d have scientists discovered 15 Nowhere else………… a they can go b can they go c they can't go d can't they go 16 Only when at home ……… her children a does she scold b she scolds c has she scolded d she has scolded 17 Not a penny……… me a did he give b he gave c he has given d he has gave 18 No longer……… women bear a lot of children a does b did c doing d 19 Among them ……… several sacks of white flour a were b is c be d are 20 On a hill in front of them……… a great castle a standing b stand c to stand d stood EXERCISE 1."This store has such high prices." "I agree Never again……… here." a I will shop b will I shop c I shop d shop I "Is this machine often in need of repair?" "No, ……… problems to arise." a Seldom don't we expect b We expect seldom c Seldom we expect d Seldom we expect "I can't see the stage very well from here." “……….” a Neither can't I b Neither I can c I can't neither d Neither can I Not until the early 1900s………… to vote in the united States a women were allowed b were women allowed c they allowed women d.when women were allowed Only recently……….a favourite sport in the United Stales a has jogging become b has become jogging c when jogging became d as jogging has become "This is one of the oldest trees in the world." “……… such a big tree." a Never I have seen b I haven't never seen c Never have I seen d I have seen never "What happened to jean' new car?" "No sooner…………… it than someone ran into her." a had she bought b she c did she bought d she had bought "I would like to apply for the sales position you advertised" "I'm sorry No longer…………… applications for that position." a are taking we b we are taking c are we taking d we taking Amoebas reproduce by dividing……… a and other protozoans b as other protozonas c other protozoans too d similar other protozoans 10 ………….a higher concentration of people than in Tokyo and Mexico City a nowhere there is b Nowhere is c Nowhere is there d Nowhere there ins't 11 "Did you like your trip t Niagara Falls?" "It was beautiful Hardly ever ……… such a spectacular sight." a can see you b can you see c see you d you can see 12 "Can children swim in this pool?" "Yes However, at no time………… alone." a shouldn't they swim b they should swim c should swim they d should they swim 13 Only during the early twentieth century………… in the United States a liquor was prohibited then b that liquor was prohibited c when liquor was prohibited d was liquor prohibited 14 "I don't like this tossed salad very well." "Nor………” a I b I either c I d I like it either 15 Not only ……………, but he also plays the piano and writes his won songs a does Billy Joel sing b Billy Joel sings c If Billy Joel sings d what Billy Joel sings 16 Nowhere ………… more prevalent than in warm, swampy places a mosquitoes are b mosquitoes is c are mosquitoes d is mosquitoes 17 Only when the ground is kept moist………… germinate a grass seeds will b will grass seeds c grass seeds does d does grass seeds 18 Not until Columbus discovered America ………… to Europe a was bananas brought b bananas were brought c were bananas brought d bananas was brought 19 Never gain ………… Greta Garbo appear in films after he retirement in the forties a was b c is d did 20 Rarely …………… professional boxers remain active beyond the age thirty-five a b did c.are d.were II BÀI TẬP (THÊM) Rewrite the sentence I’m very sick now Never I had only gone out when the phone rang Hardly _ Immediately after his arrival, things went wrong No sooner The men continued to feel unsafe until they had crossed the border Not until John didn’t celebrate a party until he received the offer of promotion in writing Not until There was so much uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed Such As soon as I got into the bath, someone knocked on the door No sooner It’s not common for there to be so much rain in March Seldom You won’t be allowed in until your identity has been checked Only 10 Just after the play started, there was a power failure Hardly 11 The Prime Minister has hardly ever made a speech as incept as this Rarely 12 We had only just arrived home when the police called Scarcely 13 The way so much money has been spent to so little purpose must be a record Never before _ 14 The judge was taken ill just after the trial proceeding began Barely 15 Press photographers are banned from taking photographs back stage On no 16 We couldn’t relax until all the guests had gone home Only 17 The truth only came out on the publication of the general’s personal diaries Only when _ 18 He has first class brain but he also a tremendously hard worker Not only _ 19 They had granted one increase of pay than they asked for another no sooner No sooner _ Key I BÀI TẬP (CHỮA TRONG VIDEO) EXERCISE 1: A C C B D A C B D 10 C 11 D 12 D 13 C 14 A 15 D 16 A 17 C 18 B 19 A 20 A EXERCISE 2: C D D C A B A C D 10 B 11 A 12 D 13 C 14 D 15 B 16 A 17 A 18 D 19 D 20 D EXERCISE B D D B A C A C B 10 C 11 B 12 D 13 D 14 C 15 A 16 C 17 B 18 C 19 D 20 A III BÀI TẬP (THÊM) Rewrite the sentence Never have I been so sick Hardly had I gone out when the phone rang No sooner had he arrived than things went wrong Not until had the men crossed the border did they continued to feel unsafe Not until John received the offer of promotion in writing did he celebrate a party Such was the uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed No sooner had I got into the bath than someone knocked on the door Seldom is there so much rain in March Only when your identity has been checked will you be allowed in 10 Hardly had the play started when there was a power failure 11 Rarely has the Prime Minister made a speech as incept as this 12 Scarcely had we arrived home when the police called 13 Never before has so much money been spent to so little purpose 14 Barely had the trial proceeding begun when the judge was taken ill 15 On no conditions are press photographers allowed to take photographs back stage 16 Only when all the guests had gone home could we relax 17 Only when the general’s personal diaries were published did the truth come out 18 Not only does he have first class brain, but he is also a tremendously hard worker 19 No sooner had they granted one increase of pay than they asked for another [...]... _ 9 Key I BÀI TẬP (CHỮA TRONG VIDEO) EXERCISE 1: 1 A 2 C 3 C 4 B 5 D 6 A 7 C 8 B 9 D 10 C 11 D 12 D 13 C 14 A 15 D 16 A 17 C 18 B 19 A 20 A EXERCISE 2: 1 C 2 D 3 D 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 C 9 D 10 B 11 A 12 D 13 C 14 D 15 B 16 A 17 A 18 D 19 D 20 D EXERCISE 3 1 B 2 D 3 D 4 B 5 A 6 C 7 A 8 C 9 B 10 C 11 B 12 D 13 D 14 C 15 A 16 C 17 B 18 C 19 D 20 A III BÀI TẬP (THÊM) Rewrite the sentence... gain ………… Greta Garbo appear in films after he retirement in the forties a was b do c is d did 20 Rarely …………… professional boxers remain active beyond the age thirty-five a do b did c.are d.were II BÀI TẬP (THÊM) Rewrite the sentence 1 I’m very sick now Never 2 I had only gone out when the phone rang Hardly _ 3 Immediately after his arrival,