Ngữ âm và ngữ pháp tiếng Nga căn bản cho người mới bắt đầu

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Ngữ âm và ngữ pháp tiếng Nga căn bản cho người mới bắt đầu

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Ngữ âm và ngữ pháp tiếng Nga căn bản cho người mới bắt đầu.Ngữ âm và ngữ pháp tiếng Nga căn bản cho người mới bắt đầu.Ngữ âm và ngữ pháp tiếng Nga căn bản cho người mới bắt đầu.Ngữ âm và ngữ pháp tiếng Nga căn bản cho người mới bắt đầuNgữ âm và ngữ pháp tiếng Nga căn bản cho người mới bắt đầu

b¶ng ch÷ c¸I tiÕng nga & c¸ch ph¸t ©m Guide to Russian Pronunciation Alphabet Letter a б в г д Pronounced as a in car; u in cut b in bit v in vine g in go d in Symbol ah b v g d e ё ж з и й к л м н o п р с т y ф х ц ч ш щ ь ы ъ э ю я ye in yet yo in yolk s in measure z in zoo ee in see y in boy k in kiss l in lady m in mist n in not o in /lot,folk p in party trilled r in rrroll s in soft t in tie oo in root f in farm ch in Scottish loch ts in lists ch in chapter sh in shut sh in sheep is used to make the preceding consonant soft i in ill is used to separate two parts of the word e in net u in use ya in yard yeh yo zh z ee y k l m n o p r s t oo f kh ts ch sh shch ' i ' eh yoo yah Read more: http://masterrussian.com/blpron.shtml#ixzz0rwv2qgow The Russian Alphabet http://masterrussian.com/blalphabet.shtml Russian alphabet consists of 33 letters divided into 10 vowels, 21 consonants and letters which not designate any sounds Each letter can be either capital or small The letters can also be printed or handwritten Pronunciation of the Russian Alphabet Click on the play button next to the letter to hear its name pronounced Click on the play button below to hear the whole alphabet pronounced at one bout NOTE: Do not confuse Russian letter names with sounds designated by those letters For a list of Russian sounds, please read the pronunciation lessons on Russian vowels and consonants Russian Cursive Alphabet Let's take another look at the Russian handwritten alphabet You will find that it is very different from print letters and you need to pay special attention to how the letters are connected with each other The benefit of knowing Russian cursive letters is that they are much faster to write as compared to print letters Additional Resources Now that you know the Russian alphabet, we strongly recommend that you read the following essential lessons to get a better idea of the Russian sound system: • Sounds of Russian letters • Russian Pronunciation: Vowels • Russian Pronunciation: Consonants • Soft-indicating Vowels • Pronunciation guidelines for Russian consonants Got questions? Ask them in the Russian Language Q&A — a place for students, teachers and native Russian speakers to discuss Russian grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and other aspects of the Russian language Russian Greetings – Приветствия http://masterrussian.com/blday_greeting.shtml Learn how to say hello, hi and other common greetings in Russian Find a phrase that best suits the time of the day, the gender of the speaker, and the formality of the situation Also, watch video lessons for hello, how are you and good morning in Russian Audio - - Russian English Comment Здравствуйте! Hello! formal, at any time Доброе утро Good morning before noon Добрый день Good afternoon after noon Добрый вечер Good evening after pm Привет Hi informal Как поживаете? How are you? slightly formal Как поживаешь? How are you? informal Прекрасно А ты? Fine And you? informal Рад тебя видеть Nice to see you informal, said by male Рада тебя видеть Nice to see you informal, said by female Рад Вас видеть Nice to see you formal, said by male Рада Вас видеть Nice to see you formal, said by female Я тоже рад Вас видеть Nice to see you too formal, said by male Я тоже рада Вас видеть Nice to see you too formal, said by female Что нового? What's new? Как дела? How are you doing? rather informal Как у Вас дела? How are you doing? formal Спасибо, хорошо Fine, thank you А у Вас? And you? Так себе So-so Как обычно As usual Неплохо Not so bad Плохо Bad Sample Dialogs Здравствуйте! Привет! Как дела? -Здравствуйте! Рада Вас видеть Нормально А у тебя? -Я тоже Отлично! Доброе утро! Доброе утро! Как поживаете? Xорошо, cпасибо Start Learning Russian This page has all the essentials you need to start learning Russian You will find the Russian alphabet, vocabulary and beginning grammar lessons, pronunciation guides, sound files, online tests, tips on learning Russian, cultural information, and much more Russian Alphabet Learn Cyrillic block and handwritten letters, their names, pronunciation, history of origin, and more • Russian alphabet - with sounds • Russian letter names - [а], [бэ], [вэ], etc • The Russian ABC - video lesson Introduction to Russian • Top 10 Reasons to Learn Russian • How to Say "Hello" in Russian - a few more ways besides "privet" • How to Learn Russian - tips on fast and effective learning • Aspects of learning Russian - vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar • Russian Culture - learn to understand Russians • Basic facts about the Russian Language Russian Grammar • Noun Gender and Number - masculine, feminine, neuter, plural • Personal Pronouns - я (I), ты (you), он (he), она (she) • The Cases of Russian Nouns at a Glance • Introduction to Adjectives • The Infinitive - Initial verb form • Cardinal Numbers and Counting • Verb Conjugations - хочу́, хо́чешь, хо́чет, хоти́м Words and Phrases Increase your Russian vocabulary with words and phrases for everyday situations • • • Top 1000 Russian Words • Russian Word of the Day • 500 Russian Verbs • 500 Russian Nouns • Months of the Year • Greetings in Russian • Seasons of the Year • Farewells in Russian • Vocabulary lessons on Video Russian for Dating and Relationships • Russian Holidays • • Days of the Week • Russian Names For Girls Russian Proverbs and Sayings • Russian Names For Boys Russian Phrase Book Pronunciation and Speaking Practice your pronunciation and speaking skills • Russian alphabet with sounds • Pronunciation: Consonants - б, в, г, д, ж, з • Pronunciation: Vowels - а, э, ы, у, о (я, е, ё, ю, и) • Russian Penpals Club - practice Russian with native speakers Tests and Quizzes Test how well you know Russian and the Russian language Even if you don't know the answers, you can still learn new things along the way! • Russian proficiency test - check your level of Russian • How well you know Russia? - geography, traditions, art, ballet • Cases of Russian Nouns • Gender of Nouns • Test: Food Vocabulary • How well you know Russian history? • Would you make a good geek in Russia? The Personal Pronouns Usage Pronouns are words that are used as substitutes for nouns They not name objects, their characteristics or quantity but only refer to them There are nine types of pronouns in Russian Let's take a look at the Russian personal pronouns я (I) мы (we) ты (you - singular; thou*) вы (you - plural) он (he) онá (she) онó (it) они (they) Declension All personal pronouns change by cases Я, ты, мы, вы Case Singular Plural Nominative я ты мы вы Genitive меня тебя нас вас Dative мне тебе нам вам Accusative меня тебя нас вас Instrumental мной тобой нами вами Prepositional (обо) мне (о) тебе (о) нас (о) вас Он, она, оно, они Case Singular Plural Nominative oн oнa oнo oни Genitive его её его их Dative ему eй ему им Accusative его её его их Instrumental им ей, ею им ими Prepositional (о) нём (о) ней (о) нём (о) них The personal pronouns not change by number, they belong to either singular or plural number я, ты, он, она, оно are always singular мы, вы, они are always plural All personal pronouns are used in all six cases The nominative: Мать спрашивает: «Кто это?» Сын отвечает: «Это я, ты, он, она (singular), мы, вы, они (plural)» The Genitive: Мать спрашивает: «У кого есть книга?» Ребёнок отвечает: «У меня, у тебя, у него, у неё есть книга (singular), у нас, у вас, у них есть книга (plural)» The Dative: Кому мать даёт книгу? Мне, тебе, ему, ей (singular), нам, вам, им (plural) даёт мать книгу The Accusative: Кого спрашивает мать? Меня, тебя, его, её (singular), нас, вас, их (plural) спрашивает мать The Insturmental: Кем довольна мать? Мной, тобой, им, ей, ею (singular), нами, вами, ими (plural) довольна мать The Prepositional: О ком думает мать? Обо мне, о тебе, о нём, о неё (singular), о нас, о вас, о них (plural) думает мать Related Lessons • Person and Number of the Verb • The Cases of Russian Nouns • Personal Pronouns • Reflexive Pronouns • Cases of Russian Nouns • Personal Pronoun Declensions by R Beard • Demonstrative Pronouns by R Beard • Possessive Pronouns by R Beard • Interrogative Pronouns from R Beard 1000 Most Common Russian Words Top 50 Russian words of 12 | < Prev Next > Rank Russian word English translation Part of speech и and, though conjunction в in, at preposition не not particle он he pronoun на on, it, at, to preposition я I pronoun что what, that, why сonjunction, pronoun тот that adjective, pronoun быть to be verb 10 с with, and, from, of preposition 11 а while, and, but conjunction 12 весь all, everything pron, noun 13 это that, this, it pronoun 14 как how, what, as, like adverb, conj 15 она she pronoun 16 по on, along, by preposition 17 но but conjunction, noun 18 они they pronoun 19 к to, for, by preposition 20 у by, with, of preposition 21 ты you, thou pronoun 22 из from, of, in preposition 23 мы we pronoun 24 за behind, over, at, after preposition 10 Я живу в Москве уже целый год (I have been living in Moscow for a whole year) ========================== 2-The Past Tense in Russian The following the table shows the endings that you need to use after the suffix л to form the masculine, feminine, neutre and plural forms of the verb Gender and number Past tense ending (after the suffix л) Examples (читать - to read) Giống đực : Я /Ты / Он л Он читал Giống cái: Я /Ты / Он -лa Она читала -лo Оно читало -ли Они читали Giống trung: Oнo Số nhièu: Мы/Вы/Они Test yourself Exercise Fill in the blanks with the appropriate past tense form of the verbs given in the brackets • Папа вазу яблоками (наполнить) • Солнце площадь (осветить) • Девочка домой (спешить) • Садовник за клумбой (ухаживать) Exercise Form questions using the Russian words below Then form either a positive or a negative answer to your questions A Выучить, уроки, Аня B Том, опоздать, поезд C Быть, охотник, Сэм D Собака, любить, хозяин Check answers 28 Папа наполнил вазу яблоками Солнце осветило площадь Девочка спешила домой Садовник ухаживал за клумбой A Аня выучила уроки? Да, выучила / Нет, не выучила B Том опоздал на поезд? Да, опоздал / Нет, не опоздал C Сэм был охотником? Да, был / Нет, не был D Собака любила хозяина? Да, любила / Нет, не любила Future Tense In Russian, past tense and present tense, as well as future tense refer to the indicative mood Future tense denotes that the action marked by the verb will happen after the moment of speaking Future tense has two forms: simple and compound Future simple forms are formed by the verbs of the perfective aspect with the help of personal endings She will read She will have read } Она прочитает She will read She will be reading } Она будет читать The verbs in the form of future tense change in person and number Singular Plural First person Я буду читать Мы будем читать Second person Ты будешь читать Вы будете читать Third person Он(а) будет читать Они будут читать говорить (nói) Meaning: to say, to tell, to speak, to talk, Pronunciation: [gah-vah-REET'] Example sentences: • Я говорю́ по-ру́сски • I speak Russian • Вы говори́те по-англи́йски? • Do you speak English? 29 • Она́ всегда́ говори́т пра́вду • She always tells the truth • Они́ смотре́ли друг на дру́га, не говоря́ ни сло́ва • They were looking at each other without saying a word • Андре́й уве́ренно говори́т пе́ред большо́й аудито́рией • Andrey speaks confidently in front of a large audience • Ты уже́ це́лый час говори́шь по телефо́ну! • You've been talking on the phone for an hour already! • Я не говорю́ по-испа́нски • I don't speak Spanish • Он говори́т сли́шком гро́мко • He talks too loud читать (đọc) Meaning: read Pronunciation: [chee-TAHT'] Example sentences: • Мой сын уже́ уме́ет чита́ть • My son can read already • Мне чита́ть вслух и́ли про себя́? • Shall I read aloud or silently? • Ка́ждое у́тро он чита́ет газе́ту • Every morning he reads a newspaper • Ты чита́л Го́рького? • Have you ever read Gorkiy? • Удиви́тельно! Она́ чита́ет на трёх языка́х! • That's surprising! She can read in three languages! • literal Surprising! She reads in three languages! • Кто чита́ет вам ле́кции? • Who gives you lectures? • Па́па люби́л чита́ть стихи́ 30 • Dad liked reciting poetry Idioms and set expressions: • чита́ть вслух = read aloud • чита́ть про себя́ = read silently literal read for oneself • чита́ть ле́кции = give lectures literal read lectures • чита́ть стихи́ = recite poetry literal read poetry Verb conjugation: Dạng chia đ/từ: чита́ть Present Tense I you (singular) he, she, it we you (plural) they чита́ю чита́ешь чита́ет чита́ем чита́ете чита́ют Past Tense I, you (singular), he she it we, you (plural), they чита́л чита́ла чита́ло чита́ли Future Simple Tense The imperfective verb читать is not used in the Future Simple Tense Use the perfective verb прочитать instead Future Compound Tense I you (singular) he, she, it we you (plural) they буду чита́ть будешь чита́ть будет чита́ть будем чита́ть будете чита́ть будут чита́ть Imperative Mood (Command Form) you (singular) you (plural) чита́й чита́йте 31 Russian Verb Conjugations читать / прочитать (to read) IMPERFECTIVE PERFECTIVE ASPECT ASPECT Infinitive (initial form) читатьпрочитать Present Tense 1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular 1st Person Plural 2nd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural чита́ю чита́ешь чита́ет чита́ем чита́ете чита́ют - Past Tense Masculineчита́л Feminine чита́ла Neuter чита́ло Plural чита́ли прочита́л прочита́ла прочита́ло прочита́ли Future Tense 1st Person Singular буду чита́ть 2nd Person Singularбудешь чита́ть 3rd Person Singular будет чита́ть 1st Person Plural будем чита́ть 2nd Person Plural будете чита́ть 3rd Person Plural будут чита́ть прочита́ю прочита́ешь прочита́ет прочита́ем прочита́ете прочита́ют Subjunctive mood Masculineчита́л бы Feminine чита́ла бы Neuter чита́ло бы Plural чита́ли бы прочита́л бы прочита́ла бы прочита́ло бы прочита́ли бы Imperative Mood (Command Form) Informal чита́й прочита́й Formal or Pluralчита́йтепрочита́йте Derivatives Pres Active Participle чита́ющий Past Active Participle чита́вший Pres Passive Participle чита́емый Past Passive Participle Verbal Adverb (Gerund)чита́я прочита́вший прочи́танный прочита́в 32 писать / написать (to write, write down) Present Tense 1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular 1st Person Plural 2nd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural пишу́ пи́шешь пи́шет пи́шем пи́шете пи́шут - Past Tense Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural писа́л писа́ла писа́ло писа́ли написа́л написа́ла написа́ло написа́ли Future Tense 1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular 1st Person Plural 2nd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural буду писа́ть будешь писа́ть будет писа́ть будем писа́ть будете писа́ть будут писа́ть напишу́ напи́шешь напи́шет напи́шем напи́шете напи́шут Subjunctive mood Masculineписа́л бы Feminine писа́ла бы Neuter писа́ло бы Plural писа́ли бы написа́л бы написа́ла бы написа́ло бы написа́ли бы Imperative Mood (Command Form) Informal пиши́ Formal or Plural пиши́те напиши́ напиши́те Derivatives Pres Active Participle пи́шущий Past Active Participle писа́вший Pres Passive Participle Past Passive Participle Verbal Adverb (Gerund)- слушать / послушать написа́вший напи́санный написа́в (to hear) Infinitive (initial form)слушатьпослушать Present Tense 1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular 1st Person Plural 2nd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural слу́шаю слу́шаешь слу́шает слу́шаем слу́шаете слу́шают 33 Past Tense Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural слу́шал слу́шала слу́шало слу́шали послу́шал послу́шала послу́шало послу́шали Future Tense 1st Person Singular 2nd Person Singular 3rd Person Singular 1st Person Plural 2nd Person Plural 3rd Person Plural буду слу́шать будешь слу́шать будет слу́шать будем слу́шать будете слу́шать будут слу́шать послу́шаю послу́шаешь послу́шает послу́шаем послу́шаете послу́шают Subjunctive mood Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural слу́шал бы слу́шала бы слу́шало бы слу́шали бы послу́шал бы послу́шала бы послу́шало бы послу́шали бы Imperative Mood (Command Form) Informal слу́шай Formal or Pluralслу́шайте послу́шай послу́шайте Derivatives Pres Active Participle Past Active Participle Pres Passive Participle Past Passive Participle Verbal Adverb (Gerund) слу́шающий слу́шавший слу́шаемый слу́шая послу́шавший послу́шанный послу́шав хотеть (Meaning: to want, to like, to mean, be about, to desire) Pronunciation: [khah-TYEHT'] Example sentences: • Я хочу спать • I want to sleep • Делайте всё, что хотите • Do anything you like (polite) • Что вы хотите? • What you want? (What would you like?) • Он не хочет помогать 34 • He won't help (He doesn't want to help.) • Она не хочет никого слушать • She won't listen to anyone (She doesn't want to listen to anyone) • Мне хочется спать • I am sleepy (reflexive form, lit: To me want sleep) • Я хочу пить • I'm thirsty (I want to drink.) • Что вы хотите этим сказать? • What you mean? (What you want to say by that?) • Он не хотел вмешиваться • Я хочу тебя • I want you (familiar, sexual connotation) Rank Russian verb English translation Aspectual pair (imp/perf) быть to be, have imperfective, no pair (see бывать, побыть) сказать to say, speak говорить/сказать мочь be able мочь/смочь говорить to say, tell, speak говорить/сказать знать to know, be aware знать/узнать стать to become, begin, come становиться/стать есть to eat, to be есть/съесть хотеть to want, like хотеть/захотеть видеть to see видеть/увидеть 10 идти to go, come идти/пойти 11 стоять to stand, be, stand up стоять/постоять 12 думать to think думать/подумать 13 спросить to ask спрашивать/спросить 14 жить to live (see пожить, прожить) 35 15 смотреть to look, watch, see смотреть/посмотреть 16 сидеть to sit сидеть/сесть 17 понять to understand; realize понимать/понять 18 иметь to have, own imperfective, no pair 19 делать to do, make делать/сделать 20 взять to take брать/взять 21 сделать to do, make, finish делать/сделать 22 понимать to understand понимать/понять 23 казаться to seem, appear казаться/показаться 24 давать to give; let, allow давать/дать 25 пойти to go идти/пойти 26 увидеть to see видеть/увидеть 27 остаться to remain, stay оставаться/остаться 28 выйти to go out, come out, appear выходить/выйти 29 дать to give давать/дать 30 работать to work работать/отработать 31 любить to love любить/полюбить 32 оказаться find oneself, turn out оказываться/оказаться 33 ответить to answer, reply отвечать/ответить 34 подумать to think думать/подумать 35 значить to mean, signify imperfective, no pair 36 посмотреть to take a look, watch, inspect смотреть/посмотреть 37 ждать to wait ждать/подождать 38 лежать to lie, be situated лежать/лечь 39 найти to find, discover, consider искать/найти 40 писать to write писать/написать 36 41 решить to decide, solve решать/решить 42 вернуться to return возвращаться/ вернуться 43 считать to count, consider считать/посчитать 44 помнить to remember помнить/запомнить 45 получить to receive, get, obtain получать/получить 46 ходить to go, walk ходить/пойти 47 бывать be, visit, happen бывать/побывать 48 прийти to come, arrive приходить/прийти 49 узнать to know, learn, recognize узнавать/узнать 50 заметить to notice, observe замечать/заметить of | < Prev Next > Note: The frequency list is adapted from the frequency dictionary for Russian by Serge Sharoff Index of common Russian verbs Top 50 Russian verbs Common Russian verbs: 51-100 Common Russian verbs: 101-150 Common Russian verbs: 151-200 Common Russian verbs: 201-300 Common Russian verbs: 301-400 Common Russian verbs: 401-500 - 37 Cách danh từ T.Nga (The Cases of Russian Nouns) In Russian language the nouns change their forms and get different endings These forms (and their endings) are called cases The case of a noun shows what role a noun plays in the sentence Please note that the goal of this lesson is to introduce the cases of Russian nouns If you'd like to study cases in more detail, please read our lessons dedicated to each of the six cases in Russian There are six cases in Russian: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental, and prepositional The nominative case answers the questions "who?" or "what?" It is an initial form All dictionaries give nouns in the nominative Студент читает The student is reading cтудент > cтудент (no change) The genitive case is used to show that something (somebody) belongs or refers to something (somebody) It can be translated by "of" in English берег реки the bank of the river река > реки (the ending -a becomes -и) The dative case designates that something is given or addressed to the person (object) Я иду к врачу I go to the doctor Я даю это другу I give it to the friend врач > врачу (the ending -у is added) друг > другу The accusative case designates the object of an action Я читаю газету I read the newspaper Я встретил друга I met the friend газета > газету (the ending -а becomes -у) друг > друга (the ending -а is added) The instrumental case is used to denote an instrument that helps to make something Я пишу карандашом I write with a pencil карандаш > карандашом (the ending -ом is added) The prepositional case is used to designate a place, or a person (object) that is an object of speech and thought This case is always used with a preposition Она мечтает о лете She dreams about the summer Цветы стоят на столе The flowers are on the table лето > лете (the ending -о becomes -е) стол > столе (the ending -е is added) 38 Very often the case of a noun is connected with a preposition which stands before it The nouns, adjectives, pronouns and numerals may have different case forms in the sentence Thus, to understand Russian speech and speak Russian correctly, it is necessary to learn how to use cases in Russian You will learn more about cases in further lessons The Prepositional Case Just like the name implies, the prepositional case is always used with prepositions in the sentences like "Я говорю о доме, о маме, об окне" (I talk about house, about mother, about window) and "Он находится в доме, в пути" (He is in a house, in the way) When to use the Prepositional The prepositional case is used to designate the place The nouns answering the question "where" are often used with the prepositions в and на (Ý nghĩa : địa điểm ,nơi chốn) Где ты был? Where have you been? Я был в школе I have been at school The prepositional case is also used to designate the person or object being talked or thought about Thus, the prepositional case is used after the preposition o with the verbs like говорить, думать.(Ý nghĩa :đối tượng lời nói suy nghĩ) Думать о семье - To think about a family Говорить о погоде - To talk about the weather The prepositional case is used with names of the months to designate time (Thời gian) Это было в мае - This was in May How to form the Prepositional The prepositional is formed from the nominative singular nouns with the help of the following endings: -e, -и, -у, -ю (singular); -ax, -яx (plural) You will generally need to remove the last letter from the nominative singular noun and add one of these endings The tables below sum up how the prepositional of nouns is formed The prepositional of singular nouns Nominative singular Remove Add Prepositional Danh từ giống đực брат чай папа санаторий сад -й а й е е е и у (о) брате (о) чае (о) папе (о) санатории (в) саду Danh từ giống trung окно море открытие о е е е е и (об) окне (о) море (об) открытии Danh từ giống ночь вода ь а и е (о) ночи (о) воде Explanation of the table: 39 All feminine nouns ending in -ь, -ие, neuter nouns ending in -ие, as well as masculine nouns ending in -ий get the new ending -и in the prepositional case Some masculine nouns end in -у, -ю in the prepositional when used after the prepositions в and на For example: в саду, на краю, на берегу After the preposition o (about) the same nouns get the ending -е in the prepositional For example: о саде, о крае, о береге The prepositional of plural nouns Nominative singular Remove Add Prepositional plural Danh từ giống đực мост гость край учитель -ь й ь ах ях ях ях (о) мостах (в) гостях (о) краях (о) учителях Danh từ giống trung окно море о е ах ях (в) окнах (о) морях Danh từ giống коса стая а я ах ях (о) косах (о) стаях Russian Vocabulary How to say "to say" in Russian This Rusian word is one of the top 1000 words in Russian The complete list of most common Russian words is available here Сказать: Meaning: to say, to tell (Pronunciation: [skah-ZAHT'] Rank: #29 (see frequency list) Example sentences: • Что ты мо́жешь сказа́ть о свое́й семье́? • What can you say about your family? (informal) • Он сказа́л, что живёт в го́роде • He said that he lived in the city • Скажи́те, пожа́луйста, ско́лько вре́мени? • Could you tell me the time, please? (polite) • Легко́ сказа́ть! • It's easy to say! (Easier said than done.) • Не мо́жешь сказа́ть – напиши́! • If you can’t say, write down! (informal) • По пра́вде сказа́ть, мне она́ не нра́вится 40 • To tell the truth, I don't like her Idioms and set expressions: • так сказа́ть = so to say • Легко́ сказа́ть! = It's only easy to say!; Easier said than done! • Ска́жем, = Let's say Present Tense The perfective verb сказать is not used in the Present Tense Use the imperfective verb говорить instead Past Tense I, you (singular), he сказа́л she сказа́ла it сказа́ло we, you (plural), they сказа́ли Future Simple Tense I скажу́ you (singular) ска́жешь he, she, it ска́жет we ска́жем you (plural) ска́жете they ска́жут Future Compound Tense The perfective verb сказать is not used in the Future Compound Tense Use the imperfective verb говорить instead 41 Imperative Mood (Command Form) you (singular) скажи́ you (plural) скажи́те 42 [...]... meet, be found  встречать - to meet  встречаться - to meet, be found  вступать - to enter, join  вступить - to enter, join  входить - to enter, come in  выбирать - to choose, select  выбрасывать - to throw away  выбрать - to choose, select  выбросить - to throw away  выделить - to pick out, mark out; to secrete, extract  выделять - to pick out, mark out; to secrete, extract  выдержать - to... Нет, не опоздал • C Сэм был охотником? Да, был / Нет, не был • D Собака любила хозяина? Да, любила / Нет, не любила =================================================== 26 Ôn tập các thời của động từ tiếng Nga I-Thời hiện tại: Tóm tắt vĩ tố của đ/từ hiện tại Ngôi Cách chia I Cách chia II Я -ю (-у) -ю (-у) Ты -ешь -ишь Он / Она /Оно -ет -ит Мы -ем -им Вы -ете -ите Они -ют (-ут) -ят (-ат) Ví dụ: работа|ть

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  • The Russian Alphabet http://masterrussian.com/blalphabet.shtml

  • Start Learning Russian

    • Present Tense

    • Past Tense

    • Future Tense

    • Subjunctive mood

    • Imperative Mood (Command Form)

    • Derivatives

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