SỞ GD & ĐT THANH HÓA ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN I NĂM HỌC 2015 – 2016 Trường THPT Bỉm Sơn Môn : Tiếng Anh Thời gian làm : 90 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề MÃ ĐỀ THI: 132 Họ, tên thí sinh: Số báo danh: SECTION A (8 points): Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the words whose pronunciation is different from the others in each of the following questions Question 1: A works B stops C washes D speaks Question 2: A amount B astound C mouthful D shoulder Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main stress in each of the following questions Question A apply B visit C appear D attend Question A curriculum B kindergarten C contaminate D.conventional Question A suspicious B marvelous C physical D argument Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer that best completes each unfinished sentence Question This is a valuable chair which dates back to the eighteenth century A traditional B old-fashioned C antique D ancient Question Look! The yard is wet It last night A must have rained B couldn't have rained C must rain D should have rained Question Last year she earned _ her brother A twice as much as B twice more than C twice as many as D twice as more as Question The girls and flowers he painted were vivid A whose B that C which D who Question 10 When his alarm went off, he shut it off and slept for 15 minutes A other B others C another D the others Question 11 Is it necessary that I _ here tomorrow? A am being B were C be D would be Question 12 I saw him hiding something in a _ bag A small plastic black B black small plastic C small black plastic D plastic small black Question 13.This is the spot on which the first pilgrims landed in America A historic B historical C history D historicity Question 14 She earned a degree in Physics and went on _ another degree in Mathematics A taking B to take C taken D being taken Question 15 Those trousers are far too big Why don’t you have them _? A taken on B taken in C taken over D taken out Question 16 So little _about mathematics that the lecture was completely beyond me A I have known B I knew C I know D did I know Question 17 I gave the waiter a $50 note and waited for my _ A change B supply C cash D cost Question 18 I read the contract again and again _ avoiding making spelling mistakes A in terms of B by means of C with a view to D in view of Question 19 Van Gogh suffered from depression by overwork and ill-health A brought on B coming about C taken up D pull through Question 20 He had spent time writing an essay on his childhood A a few B a large number of C a great deal of D many Question 21 he study harder, he will better in the exam A Should B If C When D Unless Question 22 When there are small children around, it is better to put breakable ornaments out of _ A reach B hand C place D hold Question 23 Harry:" " Kate: "Yes I'd like to buy a computer." A Do you look for something? B Good morning Can I help you? C Excuse me Do you want to buy it? D Can you help me buy something? Question 24 Tom: “ Sorry, I forgot to phone you last night.” -Mary: “ ” A I have nothing to tell you B Oh Poor me! C Never mind! D You was absent - minded Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Question 25 Whenever Susan invites us to dinner, she customarily prepares a lot of delicious food A naturally B necessarily C usually D certainly Question 26 It is hoped that illiteracy will soon be eradicated in our country as more and more people are struggling against it A evolving B plunging C starting D striving Question 27 His new yatch is certainly an ostentatious display of his wealth A beautiful B showy C large D expensive Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions Question 28 After writing it, the essay must be duplicated by the student himself and handed A B in to the department secretary before the end of the month C D Question 29 All of the cities in Texas, San Antonio is probably the most picturesque A B C D Question 30 My cousin composes not only the music, but also sings the songs for the maior A B C D Broadway musicals Question 31 The Indians of the southwestern United States are famous for their beautiful art A work, especially handmade jewelry cast from silver, carved from stones, or decorations with B C D beads and feathers Question 32 Although no country has exactly the same folk music as those of any other, it is A B significant that similar songs exist among widely separated people C D Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 42 Environmental Concerns Earth is the only place we know of in the universe that can support human life (33) human activities are making the planet less fit to live on As the western world carries on consuming (34) _ of the world's resources while half of the world's population so just to stay (35) _ we are rapidly destroying the only resource we have (36) which all people can survive and prosper Everywhere fertile soil is (37) built on or washed into the sea Renewable resources are exploited so much that they will never be able to recover (38) We discharge pollutants into the atmosphere without any thought of the consequences As a (39) , the planet's ability to support people is being reduced at the very time when rising human numbers and consumption are making increasingly heavy demands on it The Earth's (40) resources are there for us to use We need food, water, air, energy, medicines, warmth, shelter and minerals to (41) us fed, comfortable, healthy and active If we are sensible in how we use the resources they will last indefinitely But if we use them wastefully and excessively they will soon (42) _ and everyone will suffer Question 33: A Still B Despite C Yet D Although Question 34: A two-thirds B two- third C two-three D two-threes Question 35: A survival B alive C existent D live Question 36: A on B at C in D by Question 37: A sooner B rather C either D neither Question 38: A completely B quite C greatly D utterly Question 39: A result B product C development D reaction Question 40: A natural B real C living D genuine Question 41: A stay B keep C maintain D hold Question 42: A run out B run away C run up D run off Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Question 43: The aircraft carrier is indispensable in naval operations against sea or shore based enemies A unique B novel C unnecessary D exotic Question 44 This shouldn’t be too taxing for you A comfortable B demanding C easy D relaxing Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 45 to 54 Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country’s impressive population growth For every three Canadians in 1945, there were over five in 1966 In September 1966 Canada’s population passed the 20 million mark Most of his surging growth came from natural increase The depression of the 1930’s and the war had held back marriages, and the catching-up process began after 1945 The baby boom continued through the decade of the 1950’s, producing a population increase of nearly fifteen percent in the five years from 1951 to 1956 This rate of increase had been exceeded only once before settle Undoubtedly, the good economic conditions of the 1950’s supported a growth in the population, but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an increase in the average size of families In 1957 the Canadian birth rate stood at 28 per thousand, one of the highest in the world After the peak year of 1957, the birth rate in Canada began to decline It continued falling until in 1966 it stood at the lowest level in 25 years Partly this decline reflected the low level of births during the depression and the war, but it was also caused by changes in Canadian society Young people were staying at school longer; more women were working; young married couples were buying automobiles or houses before starting families; rising living standards were cutting down the size of families.It appeared that Canada was once more falling in step with the trend toward smaller families that had occurred all through the Western world since the time of the Industrial Revolution Although the growth in Canada’s population had slowed down by 1966 (the increase in the first half of the 1960’s was only nine percent), another large population wave was coming over the horizon It would be composed of the children who were born during the period of the high birth rate prior to 1957 Question 45 What does the passage mainly discuss? A Educational changes in Canadian society B Canada during the Second World War C Population trends in postwar Canada D Standards of living in Canada Question 46 According to the passage, when did Canada’s baby boom begin? A In the decade after 1911 B After 1945 C During the depression of the 1930’s D In 1966 Question 47 The word “five” in line refers to A Canadians B years C decades D marriages Question 48 The word “surging” in line is closest in meaning to A new B extra C accelerating D surprising Question 49 The author suggests that in Canada during the 1950’s A the urban population decreased rapidly B fewer people married C economic conditions were poor D the birth rate was very high Question 50 The word “trend” in line is closest in meaning to A tendency B aim C growth D directive Question 51 The word “peak” in line 11 is closest in meaning to _ A pointed B dismal C mountain D maximum Question 52 When was the birth rate in Canada at its lowest postwar level? A 1966 B 1957 C 1956 D 1951 Question 53 The author mentions all of the following as causes of declines in population growth after 1957 EXCEPT A people being better educated B people getting married earlier C better standards of living D couples buying houses Question 54 It can be inferred from the passage that before the Industrial Revolution _ A families were larger B population statistics were unreliable C the population grew steadily D economic conditions were bad Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 55 to 64 Ethology is concerned with the study of adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and its Evolutionary history Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the1960’s but has become even more influential today The origins of ethology can be traced to the work of Darwin Its modern foundations were laid by two European zoologists, Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen Watching the behaviors diverse animal species in their natural habitats, Lorenz, and Tinbergen observed behavior patterns that promote survival The most well-known of these is imprinting, the early following behavior of certain baby birds that ensures that the young will stay close to their mother and be fed and protected from danger Imprinting takes place during an early, restricted time period of development If the mother goose is not present during this time, but an object resembling her in important features is, young goslings may imprint on it instead Observations of imprinting led to major concept that has been applied in child development” the critical period It refers to a limited times span during which the child is biologically prepared to acquire certain adaptive behaviors but needs the support of suitably stimulating environment Many researchers have conducted studies to find out whether complex cognitive and social behaviors must be learned during restricted time periods for example, if children are deprived of adequate food or physical and social stimulation during the early years of life, will their intelligence be permanently impaired? If language is not mastered during the preschool years, is the child’s capacity to acquire it reduced? Inspired by observations of imprinting, in 1969 the British psychoanalyst John Bowlby applied ethological theory to the understanding of the relationship between an infant and its parents He argued that attachment behaviors of babies, such as smiling, babbling, grasping, and crying, are built-in social signals that encourage the parents to approach, care for, and interact with the baby By keeping a parent near, these behaviors help ensure that the baby will be fed, protected from danger, and provided with the stimulation and affection necessary for healthy growth The development of attachment in human infants is a lengthy process involving changes in psychological structures that lead to a deep affectional tie between parent and baby Question 55: What was Darwin’s contribution to ethology? A Darwin was the first person to apply ethological theory to children B Darwin’s work provided the basis for ethology C Darwin was the professor who taught Lorenz and Tinbergen D Darwin improved on the original principles of ethology Question 56: The word “foundations” in line is closest in meaning to A institutions B inventions C discoveries D researches Question 57: The word “ensures” in line is closest in meaning to A assumes B guarantees C proves D teaches Question 58: According to the passage, if a mother goose is not present during the time period when imprinting takes place, which of the following will most likely occur? A The mother will later imprint on the gosling B The gosling may not find a mate when it matures C The gosling will not imprint on any object D The gosling may imprint on another object Question 59: The word “He” in line 19 refers to A an infant B a psychoanalyst C parent D a baby Question 60: The word “acquire” in line 12 is closest in meaning to A gain B reach C have D work Question 61: The author mentions all of the following as attachment behaviors of human infants EXCEPT A smiling B crying C eating D grasping Question 62: According to the passage, attachment behaviors of infants are intended to _ A prepare the infant to cope with separation B provide the infant with a means of self-stimulation C allow the infant to become imprinted on objects that resemble the parent D get the physical, emotional and social needs of the infant met Question 63: The phrase “affectional tie” in line 24 is closest in meaning to _ A behavioral change B psychological need C cognitive development D emotional attachment Question 64: It can be inferred from the passage that ethological theory assumes that A failure to imprint has no influence on intelligence B to learn about human behavior only human subjects should be studied C there are similarities between animal and human behavior D the notion of critical periods applies only to animals SECTION B (2 points): I.Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it.Write your answers on your answer sheet.(0.5points) Question 1: It is said that the Great Pyramid of Giza was built over a 20-year period The Great Pyramid of Giza ……………………………………………………… Question 2: Mary started learning English years ago Mary has … Question 3: Mr Smith knew little about the Internet, so he didn’t invest into any computer companies Had …………………………………………………………………… Question 4: We can’t have breakfast in the garden because it is very cold It is so…………………………………………………………………………………… Question 5: Immediately after his arrival, things went wrong Hardly……………………………………………………………………… II In about 140 words, write a paragraph about the benefits of playing sports Write your paragraph on your answer sheet.(1,5 points) The following prompts might be helpful to you - Keeping fit and healthy - Entertaining and relaxing - Earning money - THE END ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN I NĂM HỌC 2015 – 2016 Đáp án C “es” sau đuôi /∫/ phát âm /iz/, sau đuôi /k,p/ phát âm /s/ Đáp án D “ou” “shoulder” phát âm /əʊ/, từ lại phát âm /aʊ/ Đáp án B Trọng âm từ rơi vào âm tiết thứ 1, từ lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ Đáp án B Trọng âm từ rơi vào âm tiết thứ 1, từ lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ Đáp án A Trọng âm từ rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2, từ lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ Đáp án C Antique = cổ (đồ cổ); traditional = truyền thống; old-fashioned = lạc hậu; ancient = cổ đại Đáp án A Must have + past participle : dự đoán chắn xảy khứ dựa sở rõ ràng (sân ướt sở cho đoán) Đáp án A Gấp lần dùng: số lần + as + adj + as +N Cô kiếm nhiều tiền gấp đôi anh trai Danh từ tiền không đếm được, nên ta dùng “much” Đáp án B Đại từ người làm túc từ cho mệnh đề quan hệ nên dùng “that” Whose sở hữu người Which vật Who bổ nghĩa cho người, thường làm chủ ngữ mệnh đề quan hệ 10 Đáp án C Another + N = thêm khác other (adj) = khác Others = đối tượng khác The others = đối tượng lại 11 Đáp án C Cấu trúc giả định: It is + tính từ thể quan trọng (necessary/important/essential…) + S + (should) + V 12 Đáp án C Quy tắc xếp tính từ: OPSACOM: Opinion– Price – Shape/size (small) – Age– Color (black) – Original – Material (plastic) => small black plastic 13 Đáp án A Historic = mang tính bước ngoặt quan trọng, mang tính lịch sử; historical = thuộc lịch sử, liên quan đến kiện lịch sử 14 Đáp án B Go on + Ving = tiếp tục làm 15 Đáp án B Have something + past participle = thu xếp để đồ tác động Take something in = chỉnh sửa, thu nhỏ quần áo 16 Đáp án D Câu đảo ngữ “so” với trạng từ: So + adv + trợ động từ + S + V (không chia) + that + mệnh đề = …đến mức mà 17 Đáp án A Change (n) = tiền lẻ, tiền thừa trả lại 18 Đáp án C With a view to + Ving = với mục đích làm 19 Đáp án A Bring something on = gây 20 Đáp án C A great deal of + N (không đếm được) = nhiều A large number of = Many + N đếm số nhiều = nhiều A few + N số nhiều = 21 Đáp án A Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 1: Should + S + V = If + S + V(s/es) 22 Đáp án A Out of reach = tầm với 23 Đáp án B Do you look for something ? = bạn muốn tìm kiếm thứ à? ( -> câu hỏi khách chọn mua hàng) 24 Đáp án C Never mind! = (đáp lại câu xin lỗi) 25 Đáp án C Customarily = theo thường lệ 26 Đáp án D Struggle against something = chiến đấu chống lại Strive against something = nỗ lực ngăn 27 Đáp án B Ostentatious = phô trương; khoe Showy = phô trương 28 Đáp án A Ving đứng đầu câu hình thức rút gọn chủ động, phải chủ ngữ câu thực Bài luận (essay) chủ động viết, mà viết -> chuyển thành khứ phân từ (để rút gọn mệnh đề bị động) -> written 29 Đáp án A All of N số nhiều = tất Hai cụm danh từ đứng cạnh -> không hợp nghĩa Sửa: Among all (trong số tất thành phố Texas) 30 Đáp án A Sau “not only” “but also” phải loại từ Sau “but also” động từ, từ sau “not only” động từ Sửa: not only composes 31 Đáp án D Sửa: decorated Trước “or” khứ phân từ (carved) – rút gọn cho mệnh đề quan hệ; sau phải mệnh đề quan hệ “cast from silver, carved from stones, or decorations with beads and feathers.” = đúc từ bạc, khắc từ đá, trang trí với chuỗi hạt lông vũ 32 Đáp án B Đối tượng so sánh “folk music” – danh từ số -> dùng “as that” thay “as those” 33 Đáp án C Yet = = But Still = Despite = Although = dù 34 Đáp án A Cách viết phân số: Tử số số đếm; mẫu số số thứ tự Khi tử số lớn phải thêm “s” vào sau mẫu số 35 Đáp án B Stay + adj = sống; trì tình trạng Alive (adj) = sống 36 Đáp án D By = cách 37 Đáp án C Either … or… = …hoặc là… 38 Đáp án A Recover = hồi phục Completely = hoàn toàn Quite = Greatly = lớn, nhiều Utterly = cực kì, hoàn toàn 39 Đáp án A As a result, mệnh đề = Kết là,… 40 Đáp án A Natural resources = nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên 41 Đáp án B Keep somebody + adj/Ved = trì tình trạng 42 Đáp án A Run out = hết, cạn kiêt 43 Đáp án C Indispensable = bỏ qua; unnecessary = không cần thiết 44 Đáp án C Taxing = khó khăn, vất vả 45 Đáp án C Bài văn nói tình trạng dân số Canada thời hậu chiến Ngay từ đầu: Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country’s impressive population growth 46 Đáp án B Dòng 2: For every three Canadians in 1945, there were over five in 1966 -> có người Canada năm 1945 lại có người năm 1966 -> dân số bắt đầu tăng từ sau 1945 47 Đáp án A Five vật/ đối tượng đếm nhắc đến trước đó; trước nhắc tới “three Canadians” danh từ đếm số nhiều 48 Đáp án C Surging = tăng vọt Accelerating = leo thang 49 Đáp án D Từ dòng 5: The baby boom continued through the decade of the 1950’s, producing a population increase of nearly fifteen percent in the five years from 1951 to 1956 This rate of increase had been exceeded only once before settle -> gia tăng trẻ sơ sinh tiếp tục vào năm 1950, khiến dân số tăng lên nửa năm;tốc độ gia tăng vượt ngưỡng lần -> tỉ lệ sinh đẻ cao 50 Đáp án A Trend = xu hướng = tendency 51 Đáp án D Peak = cực điểm Maximum = mức cực đại 52 Đáp án A dòng đầu đoạn cuối: Although the growth in Canada’s population had slowed down by 1966 (the increase in the first half of the 1960’s was only nine percent), another large population wave was coming over the horizon -> tăng dân số chậm lại vào 1966, lại có đợt sóng tăng dân số -> tỉ lệ sinh đẻ 1966 thấp 53 Đáp án B Từ dòng 3,4 đoạn 2: Young people were staying at school longer; more women were working; young married couples were buying automobiles or houses before starting families; rising living standards were cutting down the size of families -> Chỉ có đáp án B không đề cập 54 Đáp án A dòng cuối đoạn 2: It appeared that Canada was once more falling in step with the trend toward smaller families that had occurred all through the Western world since the time of the Industrial Revolution 55 Đáp án B Từ dòng đoạn 1: The origins of ethology can be traced to the work of Darwin Its modern foundations were laid by two European zoologists, Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen 56 Đáp án A Foundation = thành lập, institution = thành lập, quan 57 Đáp án B Ensure = đảm bảo Guarantee = bảo đảm, bảo hành 58 Đáp án D Từ dòng đoạn 2: If the mother goose is not present during this time, but an object resembling her in important features is, young goslings may imprint on it instead 59 Đáp án B He danh từ người số ít, nam -> có : the British psychoanalyst John Bowlby 60 Đáp án A Acquire = đạt được; gain = đạt 61 Đáp án C Dòng đoạn cuối: that attachment behaviors of babies, such as smiling, babbling, grasping, and crying,… 62 Đáp án D Dòng đoạn cuối: these behaviors help ensure that the baby will be fed, protected from danger, and provided with the stimulation and affection necessary for healthy growth -> physical, emotional and social needs 63 Đáp án D Affectional tie = sợi dây kết nối tình cảm Emotional attachment = gắn kết tình cảm 64 Đáp án C Từ dòng đoạn 2: Observations of imprinting led to major concept that has been applied in child development” the critical period Đầu đoạn cuối: Inspired by observations of imprinting, in 1969 the British psychoanalyst John Bowlby applied ethological theory to the understanding of the relationship between an infant and its parents > quan sát, lý thuyết tiến hóa động vật áp dụng với trẻ sơ sinh có điểm giống SECTION B (2 points): I.Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it.Write your answers on your answer sheet.(0.5points) Question 1: The Great Pyramid of Giza is said to have been built over a 20-year period Viết câu bị động từ chủ ngữ giả It: N + be + said + to have + past participle = đối tượng cho làm trước Question 2: Mary has been learning/ has learnt English for years Bắt đầu cách năm tức học năm -> hoàn thành việc xảy Question 3: Had Mr Smith known much about the Internet, he would have invested into some computer companies Little = Viết lại câu câu điều kiện loại 3, giả định điều thực khứ: Had + S + past participle , S + would have+ past participle Question 4: It is so cold that we can’t have breakfast in the garden Viết lại cấu trúc : so + adj + that + clause = quá… đến mức mà… Question 5: Hardly had he arrived when things went wrong Immediately…= sau Viết lại cấu trúc đảo ngữ nhấn mạnh hành động xảy khứ: Hardly had + S + past participle + when + S + Ved = sau khi… thì… II In about 140 words, write a paragraph about the benefits of playing sports Write your paragraph on your answer sheet.(1,5 points) Playing sports can results in many benefits Firstly, playing sports can give you a healthy life and a fit body You will be more active and healthier by playing sports To illustrate, you can have a lower chance of getting a serious illness such as a heart attack or high blood pressure In other words, it increases your resistance to illness Furthermore, there are some sports which you can play easily such as table tennis, tennis or football and after that, you feel completely relaxed or even free from your stress Moreover, playing sports, especially some outside activities helps to decrease the wasted time that you spend sitting in front of computers or watching television These sports can help you have endurance, quickness and even teach you how to improve team spirit and work in groups In sum, playing sports is very advantageous