Bavi Mineral Resources Chú giải biến chất Tiền Cambri tuổi Mezozôi: hệ tầng Sông Bôi (T2-3 Sb) trầm tích tuổi Kainozôi: đá tuổi Neogen tầng Vĩnh Bảo, tầng trầm tích đệ tứ tuổi Mezozôi: phun trào axit hệ tầng Viên Nam tuổi Triat (T1vn2) tuổi Peleozôi Vùng vận động phân dị kiến tạo đại, cờng độ yếu, địa hinh đồi thoải, đồng đẳng cao, phân cắt yếu tuổi Mezozôi: phun trào axit hệ tầng Viên Nam tuổi Triat (T1vn1) Các tuyến khảo sát thực địa Ct 1300 Tng cui kt - h tng Tõn Lc ỏ phun tro bazan T2Vn2 t góy sụng t góy sụng Hng Ct 400 ỏ phun tro T2Vn1 ỏ bin cht Pr3Tk ỏ bin cht Pr1Nv ỏ cacbonat C-P bd GEOLOGICAL PROFILE SON TAY MINH QUANG Definitions M.R is a natural accumulation of chemical elements in the Earth cover, that economically exploited by Human for their use There are three kind: Mineral resource point Mineral resource mine Mineral resource field Mineral resource divides to group: Metallic M.R Nonmetallic M.R Mineral water Metallic Mineral resource in Ba Vi Gold (Au): Xoan village, Van Hoa commune Cupper (Cu), 265 cot on the way to Den Thuong Nonmetallic Mineral resource in Ba Vi Pyrite in Minh Quang and Ba Trai mines Kaolin clay in Den Va and Tru Mat mines Asbestos in Quyt vilage Limestone in Che mine Pozzolan in Thanh My commune Laterite every where Mineral water in Thuan My and Tan Linh communes Pyrite The mineral pyrite, or iron pyrite, is an iron sulfide with the formula FeS2 This mineral's metallic luster and pale brassyellow hue have earned it the nickname fool's gold because of its superficial resemblance to Gold In the 15th century, such leaching began to replace the burning of sulfur as a source of sulfuric acid By the 19th century, it had become the dominant method Pyrite Sulfate released from decomposing pyrite combines with water, producing sulfuric acid, leading to acid rock drainage and potentially acid rain Iron pyrite exposed to air and water decomposes into iron oxides and sulfate This process is hastened by the action of Acidithiobacillus bacteria which oxidize the pyrite to produce ferrous iron and sulfate FeS2 + O2 + H2O FeOOH + H2SO4 + Fe2O3 Pirit Limonit Hematit 4FeS2 + 11O2 + 6H2O 4Fe(OH)3 + 8SO2 2SO2 + O2 + 2H2O 2H2SO4 Fe(OH)3 FeOOH + H2O Minh Quang Pyrite mine Kaolin clay In nature, clay is an assemblage of layer-form silicates, forming by two main processes are weathering and sedimentation Layer structure of clay mineral is formed by basic structure units which are octahedron layers Al: [AlO4(OH)2 and tetrahedron layers Si: [SiO4] The formation process of Sialic weathering crust and bodies of Kaolin minerals from solid rocks is acid extrusive rock expressed by the following chemical reactions: 2KAlSi3O8 + 2H+ + 9H2O Al2Si2O5(OH)4 + 4H4SiO4 + 2K+ Octocla Kaolinit Silicat tan 2NaAlSi3O8 + 2H+ + 9H2O Al2Si2O5(OH)4 + 4H4SiO4 + 2Na+ Anbit Kaolinit Kaolin clay Asbestos This is a set of silicate threads belonging to two mineral groups Pyroxene and Amphibole Crystal structure of the first group has mono-vein silicate [Si2O5] and the second group has bi-vein silicate [Si4O10] These veins decide the length of threads and the high durability of asbestos they normally devide into types: Chrysotile Asbestos and Amphibole Asbestos Asbestos is a very good material for insulating, heat-insulation, and soundproof and very stable under the impacts of mechanics, chemistry, so it is often used as insulated materials for electric equipments, anti-fire materials, and additive substances in roof shingle production Asbestos is a dangerous carcinogen substance, so using and exploiting tendency is decreasing recently Asbestos Asbestos The U.S asbestos industry began in 1858 when fibrous anthophyllite was mined for use as asbestos insulation by the Johns Company, New York Asbestos became more widespread during the industrial revolution; in 1866 it was used as insulation in the U.S and Canada Amphiboles including amosite (brown asbestos) and crosidolite (blue asbestos) were formerly used in many products until the early 1980s Tremolite asbestos constituted a contaminant of many if not all naturally occurring chrysotile deposits The use of all types of asbestos in the amphibole group was banned in much of the Western world by the mid -1980s, and in Japan by 1995 Abestos Asbestos mineral of the Ba Vi National Park has been discovered in the fault zone along Xom Quyt Gia De mountain Here in 1986, Hanoi Geological Party studied and explored one ore point in Gia De mountain with reserve of 5.000 tons Xom Quyt ore point was discovered and exploited by local people in 2000s About the origin, Asbestos is a product of metamorphic exchange of magma and carbonate rocks Asbestos mineral points in Ba Vi may have been made by metamorphic exchange of Ban Diet C-P bd limestone system (exposed in Nui Che, Khanh Thuong Commune) and extrusive rock T1Vn1 Xom Quyt asbestos formation reaction by limestone changing under the impacts of SiO2-containing heat fluid from extrusive rock can be illustrated by following chemical reaction diagram: 3MgCa(CO3)2 + 2SiO2 + 2H2O = Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 X rays partern of Asbestos mineral collected in Xom Quyt exploitation site is sowing in the Figer 15 can be determine as Tremolite Amphibole mineral Pozzolan Pozzolan is a natural mineral a product of volcanic ash and volcanic rocks, assembled in the area near operating area of volcanos The main compositions of Pozzolan are silicate minerals containing free SiO2, Al2O3 oxides When mixing with quicklime (CaO), additives, water, free SiO2 and Al2O3 in Pozzolan will clot to form silicate minerals as following reactions: SiO2 + CaO + H2O CaSi2O5.nH2O Al2O3 + CaO + H2O CaO.Al2O3.nH2O New hydrated Calcium-Silicate minerals will clot additives in mixing materials to harden to form bricks Laterite Mineral water There are two real mineral water sources: Thuan My Commune and Tan Linh Commune (Tan Vien Source) Ord 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Composition pH Sulfate Bicacbonate Chlorine Calcium Magnesium Sodium Potassium Sulfur Bromide Fluorine H2SiO3 Nitrate SO3 Manganese Copper Zinc Total Radium Total La Phu, Thanh Thuy Dry season Wet season Between day day seasons 7,9 4,3 18,7 14,6 6,4 17,0 14,9 16,9 31,0 24,2 33,9 4,8 45,1 20,4 17,6 35,6 39,9 13,2 14,6 7,8 3,5 12,9 16,9 6,0 14,9 16,9 14,9 23,1 18,2 14,5 10,8 29,3 23,5 22,0 31,2 29,4 14,7 17,7 +0,4 +1,7 -0,3 -3,0 +2,9 +1,0 -2,4 -0,9 +7,1 -16,0 -15,4 +1,8 +18,3 -11,1 + 12,5 + 57,1 -25 +5,4 +2,7 Thuan My, Ba Vi Dry season Wet season day day 8,7 7,4 10,6 11,7 7,6 9,9 11,5 8,1 10,6 12,1 8,1 11,2 14,7 17,8 11,1 18,5 7,3 8,8 9,5 7,3 7,8 7,1 10,1 7,4 20,3 8,6 12,4 7,1 32,0 35,1 12,4 10,5 Between seasons +2,8 +7,2 -0,3 +1,2 +8,9 +1,7 +5,5 -0,3 -17,6 -5,6 + 27,8 +10,7 +11,1 -39,1 -58,8 + 28,6 +10,8 Mineral water There are two real mineral water sources: Thuan My Commune and Tan Linh Commune (Tan Vien Source) [...]... Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 • X rays partern of Asbestos mineral collected in Xom Quyt exploitation site is sowing in the Figer 15 can be determine as Tremolite – Amphibole mineral Pozzolan • Pozzolan is a natural mineral – a product of volcanic ash and volcanic rocks, assembled in the area near operating area of volcanos The main compositions of Pozzolan are silicate minerals containing free SiO2, Al2O3 oxides... additives, water, free SiO2 and Al2O3 in Pozzolan will clot to form silicate minerals as following reactions: SiO2 + CaO + H2O → CaSi2O5.nH2O Al2O3 + CaO + H2O → 4 CaO.Al2O3.nH2O • New hydrated Calcium-Silicate minerals will clot additives in mixing materials to harden to form bricks Laterite Mineral water • There are two “real” mineral water sources: Thuan My Commune and Tan Linh Commune (Tan Vien Source)... layer-form silicates, forming by two main processes are weathering and sedimentation Layer structure of clay mineral is formed by basic structure units which are octahedron layers Al: [AlO4(OH)2 and tetrahedron layers Si: [SiO4] • The formation process of Sialic weathering crust and bodies of Kaolin minerals from solid rocks is acid extrusive rock expressed by the following chemical reactions: • 2KAlSi3O8... Asbestos mineral of the Ba Vi National Park has been discovered in the fault zone along Xom Quyt – Gia De mountain Here in 1986, Hanoi Geological Party studied and explored one ore point in Gia De mountain with reserve of 5.000 tons Xom Quyt ore point was discovered and exploited by local people in 2000s About the origin, Asbestos is a product of metamorphic exchange of magma and carbonate rocks Asbestos mineral. .. 7,3 8,8 9,5 7,3 7,8 7,1 10,1 7,4 20,3 8,6 12,4 7,1 32,0 35,1 12,4 10,5 Between 2 seasons +2,8 +7,2 -0,3 +1,2 +8,9 +1,7 +5,5 -0,3 -17,6 -5,6 + 27,8 +10,7 +11,1 -39,1 -58,8 + 28,6 +10,8 Mineral water • There are two “real” mineral water sources: Thuan My Commune and Tan Linh Commune (Tan Vien Source) ... Al2Si2O5(OH)4 + 4H4SiO4 + 2K+ Octocla Kaolinit Silicat tan 2NaAlSi3O8 + 2H+ + 9H2O → Al2Si2O5(OH)4 + 4H4SiO4 + 2Na+ Anbit Kaolinit Kaolin clay Asbestos • This is a set of silicate threads belonging to two mineral groups Pyroxene and Amphibole • Crystal structure of the first group has mono-vein silicate [Si2O5] and the second group has bi-vein silicate [Si4O10] These veins decide the length of threads and