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TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI TUYỂN SINH LIÊN THÔNG ĐẠI HỌC MÔN CHUYÊN NGÀNH CN. XÉT NGHIỆM(VI SINH KÍ SINH HUYẾT HOC HÓA SINH)TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI TUYỂN SINH LIÊN THÔNG ĐẠI HỌC(TRUNG CẤP, CAO ĐẲNG LÊN ĐẠI HỌC)MÔN CHUYÊN NGÀNH CN. XÉT NGHIỆM(VI SINH KÍ SINH HUYẾT HOC HÓA SINH)
TRONG DAI HQC TRA VINH KHOA Y DUVC TAI LIEU ON THI TUYEN SINH MON CHUYEN NGANH (VI SINH - 16( SINH - HUYET HOC- HOA SINH) GV bien soon: TS.BS.P11,4M TRUNG HA Vet Giong vien BO mon xet nghiem Tra Vinh, 27/01/2016 Ltru hanh ns5i hi) Tnyteng Dal hQc Ira Vinh KHOA Y DU'OC TiNH TRANG PHE DUYtT TAI LIEU Ten tai TA] LIEU ON THI TUYEN SINH MON CHU YEN NGANH (VI SINH - KIT SINH - HUYET HQC- 1105A SINH) Ngay 'loan chinh: 27/01/2016 Tac gia bien sop: TS.BS.Pham Trung Ha \id Giang vien B6 mon Xet Dan vi ding tac: B6 mon Xet nghim khoa Y Duvc Truang Dii h9c Tra Vinh UoiL Tra Vinh, ngcky c thang Tac gia nam 201C & ghi h9 ten) N91c:‘ri, cC-fti` Kith Vci:\n, PHE DUYtT CUA BO MON Dong ST sir ding tai 1iu on thi tuy6n sinh mon: chuyen nganh xet nghim TS.BS.Pham Trung Ha \fa Giang vien B6 mon Xet nghim Nen sop de on thi tuy6n sinh nganh Xet nghim y h9c (lien th6ng tir trung cap len cao clang va trung cAp len dal h9c nganh Xet nghim y h9c) Tra Vinh, o thang nam 2016 TRUtiNG BO MON Unr-PHE DUYtT CtJA KHOA Tra Vinh, ZL thang 9.1-nam 2016 TRVONG KHOA TS.BS Pham -tteci44/jC4u, Trideng Dai h9c Tra Vinh TAI LIEU HIYONG DAN ON THI TUYEN SINH MON: VI SINH - Ki"( SINH - HUYET HOC- HOA SINH 1.Di turn tuyen sinh: - Hinh thirc: Lien thong tir trung cAp len cao dang va trung cAp len dti h9c - Nganh: Xet nghiem y h9c Ma nganh: D720332) C.W 0332_ - Chuyen nganh: (nu co) Ni dung: PhAn 1:Vi sinh 1.Dal cu.ong ve vi khuAn Tv cau yang (Staphylococcus aureus) Lien cu khuan (Streptococcus) H9 vi khan duimg rut: Salmonella Shigella Escherichia coli Phay khan tã (Vibrio cholerae) Di ctrong virus 10.Virus viem nao nhat ban (Japanese Encephalitis virus) 11.Virus bai liet (Polio virus) PhAn 2: KS, sinh &ling 1.Dal cuong velc)% sinh hoc Giun dfia (Ascaris lumbricoides) Giun moc (Ancylostoma duodenale va Necator americanus) San dai heo (Taenia solium) San la gan nho gan (Clonorchis sinensis) Trichomonas vaginalis Benh sCit ret B'Oh vi nAm Candida Khoa Y - Duvc Trang 1/138 Trtrang Dgi hgc Tra Vinh Phan 3: Huyet h9c 1.He th6ng nh6m mau ABO Dong h6ng can Dong bach eau hat Dong tieu cau Thieu mau nhugc sac vi thieu chat sat Thieu mau tan mau Leucemie cap Sinh l (long cam mau Ni dung an toan truyen mau 10.Tai bin truyen mau PhAn 4: Iloa sinh 1.Glucid Lipid Acid amin va protein Acid nucleic Hemoglobin Nu& tieu Tai 110 tham khao 3.1.Vi sinh: - Nguyen Thanh Bao (2004) Virus h9c - Nha xuAt ban Y h9c - Le Huy Chinh (2001) Vi sinh Y h9c - Nha xuat ban Y h9c - Vi sinh vat Y hoc — Nha xuat ban Y hoc— Ha Ni 2004 3.2 KS7 sinh trung: - BO mOn Xet nghiem (1997) 1(7 sinh tning hoc - Tnreng Trung h9c k5 thu4t y Trung trung III 3.3 Huyet h9c: - Sach, gido trinh chinh: Giao trinh Huyet h9c (dung cho di tugng KTV trung h9c Xet nghiem) Trtrong Cao ding Ky thuat y t - B6 Y t NXB Y h9c 2004 3.4 Him sinh: Khoa Y - Dago Trang 2/138 Trzrong Dai hoc Tra Vinh - Sach, gido trinh chinh: Gido trinh Hoa sinh, BO mon xet nghiem — Khoa Dieu duang k thu4t y h9c .DH Y Duqc TPHCM hanh nOi bO, 2002 - Sach tham Ichao: Gido trinh Hoa sinh (dung cho (16i Wong KTV XN da.khoa) Tn.thmg Trung h9c K5 thu4 Y te NXB Y hoc, 2004 Tra Vinh, 25 thang 01 nam 2016 ICHOA Y — DOC TS.BS Phoi Thellien Khoa Y - Dtrov BM XET NGHItM Y WHOA geta,d 6-tAl)car - Trang 3/138 Tritang Defi hoc Triz Vinh PhAn 1: Vi sinh BAI 1: DAI CIXING VE VI ICHUAN MUC TIEU HOC TAP Sou, hoc xong, ngtrai hoc phai co kha neing: 1.Trinh bay dinh nghTa vi ldman, vai tre vi khan va tam quang trong.ca nganh vi khan hoc Neu dc diem phan b cUa vi khuan thien nhien va tren cci the nguai Trinh bay hinh thai cüa vi Ichuan, ve va cu tao cüa t bao vi khan NOI DUNG Dinknghla Vi khan la nhang sinh vat don bao rdt nho ma m'at thuOrig khong nhin t*.cluvc, muOn quan.sat phai nhin qua kinh hien vi c6 dO phong dai hang tram Ian Co mOt.loai vi khuan gay benh cho rigued, dOng vat va thuc vat nhung c6 nhieu loai vi khan khac Ishong gay benh va nguoc lai c6 ich cho ngued Vai tro cüa vi khuin: - Trong thien nhien: Vi khan tham gia tan hoan CO2 gift thang bang trai dat Dam (N) la mOt nguyen t6 trong.yk cau.tao nen albumin KhOng kbi c6 ti 3/4 1a nito, nhimg dOng vat va thuc vat c6 dip luc t khong the trvc tip sit dung chat dam &roc ma chi c6 the sir dung chat dam hoa hop Chinh nh vi khan ma dam duoc bin cac chat muOi vo co mang dam Thuc vat c6 the hap thu nhng chat tao nen nhiing h6a hop chat him co dm dam the thin vat, phan hoa r6i tao albumin dOng vat Khi thuc vat va dOng vat chat di, vi khan lam tho'i rQa va cuOi ding tao chat dam tty khong Vay cac loai dOng vat va nguoi c6 the tim lay tithe an de song va phat then chinh la nith vi khan da tham gia va hoan \Tong tan hoan ciia cac chat dam thien nhien - Tren co the nguiyi: Cac vi khan duang rut binh thuOng tham gia vao viec cung cap chat dinh cluimg cho nguOi mOt se; vi khuan gitip co the net' h6a xenlulose, so' khac co kha nang ofing hop vitamin B 1,B 12, K cho co the Mt sO c6 the tit nhimg chat c6 the ix che sir nhan len ctia nhieu vi khan Ichac nhu E.coli tit colixin Khoa Y- Dago Trang 4/138 Trieenig Dgi hgc Tra Vinh Ngoai nhung tac ding c6 lai, vi khuAn c6 the gay nen cac benh nhie'm khuAn truyen nhfem nguy him lam ten hai den six 'khoe va tinh mpg ngtreri - Ve kinh te: Vi khuAn mang lg nhieu lçii ich kinh t ion Ngtrei ta dã lçii ding nhang hog deng chuy'en hóa cüa vi khuAn da, lam a dp.dpng ky nghe dieu cite khang sinh, ky nghe thuec ky nghe san xuAt bia, luau, banh mi:; lam giAm, süa chua Trong Tieing nghi'ep, vi khuAn lam tang chat mau cUa dAt, lam Ai dAt gifip cay treng phat trien Vai tro cita nganh vi khuan hoc 3.1 Chan doan benh: Tim vi sinh vat gay benh cac benh phAm nhu dm, mau, phan, dich, dung huyet cUa benh nhan d chAn doan 3.2 Dv phong cfic benh truyen nham: Nganh vi khuAn hoc dã chit deng nghien cfru san xuat cac log vacxin phong benh truyen nhigm, g6p phAn clang k cong tac phong cac benh dich Ngoai de xuAt cac bin phap ve sinh phong berth c6 hieu qua 3.3 Dieu tri benh: Nganh vi khuAn da dieu che cac khang dc t6 a dieu tri nhu khang dc t6 uen van, bach hAu hoc san xuAt khang sinh nhu penixilin, streptomycin de dieu tri cac benh vi khuAn Ch r ctia cfic vi khuan thien nhien - Trong ,• Thy theo dAt co nhieu hay it chAt hitu co ma vi khuAn nhieu hay it.tren mg dAt it vi khuAn hon lOp dAt duoi DAt canh tac c6 nhieu vi khuAn nhAt Cang sau duai long dAt vi khuAn cang giam Cac vi khuAn gay benh thuong thAy nhu nha bao true khuAn uen van, nha bao live khuAn than, cAu - Trong Ntrac c6 vi khuAn vi khuAn dAt va khong rOi vAo Ntroc h ao, song ngoi c6 nhieu vi khuAn han nu& bien Cac vi khuAn gay benh thud:mg thAy la truc khuAn thuang han, truc khuAn ly., true khuAn E.coli, phAy khuAn td, campylobacter, lien cu, Khoa Y - throv Trang 5/138 Trizang h9c Trc'x Vinh - Trong khong khi: Bui lam nhie-rn khong Nai m thap, ti c6 nhieu Vi khua.n ' hon nui cao rao, thoang khi, sang sna Viing dong dan cu nhu thi thi khong c6 nhieu vi khuan hon d6ng , bang Cang len cao khong cang it vi khuan hon Vi khuan gay benh c6 khong chU yeu ngued benh hay ngued lanh bai tit theo throng ho hap nhu trgc khan lao, bach cu, ho ga, ti cu ,ph cu - Tren co the nguoi: + Teen da: c6 nhieu loai vi khan, nhieu nhat la ti cu khong gay benh va ti cu gay benh + Trong mieng: mieng c6 ten 100 loai vi khan khac nhu tki cu, lien cau, true khan, xoan khuan hoc cac vi khuan khac theo thirc an vao mieng + Tren duemg h6 hap: bat du tir them mac mai den hau va phe quan c6 nhang vi khuan thuemg c6 khong nhu ti cau, lien cu, phe cau, haemophylus + Tren du6ng tieu hoa: da day, rut non, dai trang du c6 nhimg vi khuan khac cu trn + B6 phan sinh dijc, tit nieu: throng c6 Ai can, cac vi khuan gram (-) khong gay benh va gay b'enh nu, vao thoi kinh nguyet pH am h'6 -Ira nen kiem va la dieu kin than lai cho cac loai cu khuan phat trien + Trong mau va cac phi" tang: binh thuong nhang nai khong c6 vi khuan cu Hinh thai: 5.1 Kich think: - Vi khuan c6 kich thuac rat nho nen kich thuac cüa vi khan ngued ta thuang dung dun vi luemg la micromet (viet eat pm) Thy theo loai ma vi khan co kich thuac khac • ngan khac nhau Ngay ding m6t loai hay mOt chung cling c6 to nho, dai Kich thuac trung binh: + Cu khan: throng kinh 0,8 — pm + True khuan: dai tir — 10.p.m + Xoan khuan: dai tit 10 -20 pm 5.2 Hinh the: vi khuan c6 nhimg hinh clang khac va thuong phan bit g9i theo hinh dáng Nguoi ta thueng xep loai hinh the nhu sau: Khoa Y - Dteac Trang 6/138 Tneang Doi hoc Tra Vinh *Chuyen cha cac chit khong tan mac: lipid, hormon steroid, vitamin A,D,E,K *Cac nhi'em vu dee bit khac: - Xüc tac phan Ung hoa h9c: enzyme; - Bao ve: khang the (y-globulin), - Wong mau: Fibrinogen 8.3 Nguyen nhan lam thay di protein huyet thanh: 8.3.1 Protein huyet thanh: *Do an thiau hay tOng h9p giam: R6i loan tieu hOa, thi6u an, xo gan, viem gan, lupus *Do tang phan huy: lieu dtthng Wang, Basedow, ung thtr *Do indt protein: chay mau, viem then, c chuong ch9c hut nhi&I lin 8.3.2 Tang protein huyet thanh: *Do mau cô dee: mit milk non; tieu chay, phOng, so't cao, tieu nhat *Xudt hien protein bit thtramg: da nly xtrong, berth Hodgkin * Suy vo thuvng then (benh Addison), filial) khop, 'phit niern Khoa Y - Dteqc Trang 126/138 Tru-Ong Dgi h9c Tra Vinh BAI 4: ACID NUCLEIC MIX TIEU HOC TAP Sau k-hi hoc xong, ngueri hoc phai co ,kha nang: Phan bit duvc AND va ARN ve cu tao temg quat, vi tri, vai tro ye dupe so a t4o acid uric va neu dtroc cac nguyen nhan lam tang acid urid mau NOI DUNG I Cu to, v tri va nhi?in vu dm AND (Acid deoxyribonucleic) va ARN ( Acid ribonucleic) Khoa Y - Diroc Trang 127/138 Trueyng Dgi hgc Tra Vinh R I bose &_,R1bose cRibose, 4 • *has v.a.u.s.41 ;0.2 h itrn.14Vicif :"ar f4; 17.: Prthi er4 base nita 4 base nitctxhinh•Lw=4.base nito"-Affe4lb-ase'bitcrnt? ifATCG "AUCG t" c h h : 'A UCG , •-7-chinh:'AUCG-vac.r chir{i:5%,ton g()%;base nito It base,nitil,phll • 747A, Khoa Y - Dtro'c Trang 128/138 Triton Dgi hgc Tra (inh Chuyen hoa Acid nucleic: 2.1 So d thoai THOAI HOA ACID NUCLEIC AçUCIC(AM ARNi H24) 113 ucicotidate NUCLEOSID ttrimuidase rrosE BA7.NJUi PURI Y I?, D IN UREA 4- CO? ACID tpZiC, 2.2 Thofii hoa Base purin Acid uric Trong cath binh thirang voi ch6 de) an giau purin (cua, thit, then, gan) thi dir6ng thodi h6a base purin dir6i deng purin nucleotide IA chinh (GMP,AMP) va enzyme adenosyl deaminase c6 nhi&I ô mo dOng vet Khoa Y - Dtecc Trang 129/138 Tritang Dgi hoc Tra Vinh OVANILIC '' dase •Nhi demi ACID ApEA71,1,0 • (Amp) NveI.eofid a C Pi pi Nktr, GUANOSIN 1NOSIN Ad Nuijeosicitie ADENO$IN sin chmirtina.ge Nuelet ksidzs *RIBOSE A cIen ase - AMIN , oxiclase OltanAse XATHIN • Xalithin OXicil$c` ACID !RIC 2.2.1 Nguyen nhan lam thay di acid uric mau: - Tr s6 binh thtrimg: acid uric/huyat thanh: 30-6g/1 hay 178-360 mmo1/1 - Thay di sinh l,2: Giam: + Theo tu6i, + Dung thu6c ngira thai, vitamin C, salicylat, phenylbutazon lieu cao, + C6 thai, + Che an ngheo purin Tang: + Man kinh, beo phi, stress, uOng nrgu; + Ch e d6 an giau purin ; + Dung thu6c lgi tieu; + [Xing thu6c salicylat, phenylbutazon lieu thAp - Thay d6i benh Tang: + Benh th6ng phong (Goutte); ;\ + Do nh4 nhieu hay se.n xuat nhieu: tang b?ch au ling this, ung flux, ph6ng xa, X quang, sot cao; Khoa Y - Dwor Trang 130/138 Trwang Dgi hgc Tra Vinh + Do dao thai: benh than, suy tim, buou chen ep BA! 4: HEMOGLOBIN MlIC TIE'll HOC TO Sau hoc xong, nguyii hoc phai có kha Wing: Phai neu dugc tinh chit cila Hemoglobin Ve duvc si d6 thoai Ma Hemoglobin qua cac ca quan Phan bit dugc cac nguyen nhan gay yang da bdng cac xet nghiem hóa sinh NOI DUNG I Tinh chat ciia hemoglobin: Kt Imp thu4n nghich volt oxy t#o oxyhemoglobin - Hemoglobin k6t hgp voi oxy tao oxy hemoglobin, day la phan img oxygen Ma va thuan nghich Hb +02 t; Hb02 - Phan ung theo chieu thuan hay nghich t-ay thuOc vao phan áp oxy ô moi truang xung quanh no + O phi: phan áp oxy cao, phan img theo chieu thuan + d mo: phan ap oxy thdp, phan ng theo chieu ngugc lai (nha oxy): Kt hcrp veri carbon dioxid (CO2) to carbohemoglobin - CO2 la san phdm cu6i cang cUa sr chuyen Ma a cac mO, dugc van chuyen bang mau de thay ngoai Hb tham gia van chuyen 20% t6ng sti CO2 dugc tao Khoa Y - Duvc Trang 131/138 Trzzang Dgi hgc Tra Vinh R-NH2(globin)+ CO2 17, R-NH-COOH - Phan Ung thuan nghich, chiau xay phi thuOc vao phan áp CO2 + mo: phan áp CO2 cao , phan frng xay theo chiau thuan + phan ap CO2 thap , phan img xay theo chiau ngtrqc lai (phong thich CO2 ph6i) Kt him WA carbon oxid (CO) - Hb kat h9p voi CO tao carboxyhemoglobin rat ban Nil:Mg, khong van chuy'an dugc oxy CO c6 hyc vOi Hb gap 210 Fan so v6i oxy Hb + CO , HbC0 Hb02 + CO HbC0 + 02 Oxy hoot hemoglobin - Nhiau chat oxy hoa (nitrit, clorat, ferricyanid) oxy hoa Fe2+ Fe3+ tao methemoglobin (M-Hb), khong c6 kha nang gan oxy Hb M-Hb + e Tinh chAt enzyme Hemoglobin c6 tinh chat dm mOt oxydoreductase nen Vic tac phan üng oxy h6a Tinh chat dm mOt peroxydase: H202 + AH2 H20 + A Hb Tinh chat dm mOt catalase yeu: H2O +02 H202 Hb II Thoai hem hemoglobin: 1-16ng cu semg trung binh 120 ngay, sau hng cu chat (chil yau ô gan, xuang, dac biet la lach), hemoglobin dirge phong thich khoang 8-9 gingay I So thofii him dm Hemoglobin: Khoa Y - Dtrov Trang 132/138 Trwang Dgi hgc Tra Vinh 0144#11i ic.;v4.4 117exifiA ø'a volt tigvilr„t4 wictsl!etitst f/IVP' • "•"'• I • 0,UNA$ Iv Iv SVPIP-T ,ititWt l AnkitirI41r4irev tkP 411A70,11,Cri 1 ltdit rtltri it ti Al 1 iggereauw.1., I MO • • 1 • tottlluZEN , L',1' I vtacevwfi 107.1- eft —a , ttligl traux • : 0frm,141% • •klut • 41tSatif t9 - Khoa Y - Duvc Trang 133/138 Tnthng Dai hoc Tra Vinh HEMOGLOBIN 02 pxygenase LACH VERDO HEMOGLOBIN „, Ty •Xong .T v • GLOgiN —+ ACID:AMIN, ' BILIVERDIN NP.DPH, !Er ,„ BilivErdin recluctase) c.-A NADP ' BILIBLIBIN fill DO (B INDIRECT) BiLIRUDIN ALBUMM • MAL/ UOG GLUCONAT's puturonyi transferase UDP BILIRUBIN LIE N HOP 1B DIPEC.T) GAN Tutin BILIRUBIN • I-Inan • I ThTh ME$OBILIRUE6OGEN (kh6ng rn6n) •UROBINIJNOGEN STEBPQBILIVOGEN ,?" moil THA4 ca Ti llgp.thn > 181:cri hoa bai oxy khOng khr EMM USOBILIN STOCOBIL6 (NY(3C, 'WOLIN „ StE5CoGO At00?, Rei loan chuyen hoa Hemoglobin va Bilirubin: Khoa Y- Dwov Trang 134/138 '77772!.477977,7* Trzrcing Dgi hgc Tra Vinh 4404 te1000,i,chyye:n hoa:hprhjogIO,biri'va biliru 3Jtion1Iinogenli d, - t4fS-ngtca B Khoa Y - Duqc Trang 135/138 Truang Dgi hoc Trg Vinh BA! 5: NU'OC TIEU MVC TIEU HOC TO Sau h9c xong, ngu.oi hoc phai có kha nang: Trinh bay dugc cac tinh chat vat V, dm nu& lieu Ke ten the chat hitu c binh thu6ng co 'urge lieu Ke dugc ten cac chat bat thuong nu& tieu va liet kê cac nguyen nhan lam xuat hien cac chit bat thuong co nu6c tieu NOI DUNG Tinh chat v4t 1ST cua nuiic tieu: 1.1 SO luvng : Trong 24 gio.: 600 - 2500m1, thay di tlly theo gi6i tinh, tu6i Thay di sinh - Theo che de an uong: u6ng nhieu thi lieu nhieu; - Theo thei tit: n6ng tieu it, lanh tieu nhieu Thay di theo benh 1: - Tang: tieu duemg suy than man; - Giam: s6t cao, tieu chay, 6i mita, mat mau nhieu, giai doan cu6i suy than man 1.2 Mau sac: Binh thuOng co mau yang nhat, su6t * Thay di sinh VT: + Trong vat u6ng nuoc nhieu, tieu nhieu; + yang sam u6ng nu6c it, lieu it * Thay di benh + yang dam : viem gan, tac mat , thieu mau tan huyet + Ntroc tha thit: viem can than cap, ung thu throng tieu + Dpc: nhi;6m tang duong lieu, lao than + DO tirai tieu chan thucmg duimg tieu, soi, ung thu + DO barn tieu hemoglobin: thieu mail tan huyet, s6t ret, thircmg han + Trang sita: tieu &rang trap giun chi 1.3 pH Khoa Y - Trang 136//38 Truang Dgi hgc Tra Vinh Binh thu&ng có pH 4,7 - 8,0, trung binh *Thay di sinh nhieu thit: nuoc lieu hai acid; an nhieu rau: nuac lieu hai kiem - Sau mr6c tieu hai kiem - Van Ong ca bap nhieu: mr6c lieu co the hai acid *Thay d61 benh - pH kiem > 8,0: nhigm trang tieu (then, bang quang) -pH acid [...]... vá tip )(de vai thuc pham 3.2 Dieu tri: - ChU yeu dung khang sinh nhung tu cau rat a a khang 10 khang sinh Dc bit la: penicillin G, ngay nay có tOi 90% ti cu khang 10, nen t6t nhat la lam khang sinh tru6c khi sir dung khang sinh - Di vOi nhimg tnrarng hop v6t thucmg kink mun nh9t áp xe chtra v6mU thi cAn phai Mao mu dan ltru va ding khang sinh Khoa Y - Dwoc Trang 15/138 Truang Dgi hgc Tra Vinh BA! 3:... (lactose duang tinh) vao thach TSI 4.3 Tinh chat hoa sinh: - Shigella khong sinh H2S, sinh acid nhung kh8ng sinh hai trong thach sau va khong sinh kiam a pan thach nghieng TSI, bj bAt clang tren lam do bi ngung kat bai khang huyat thanh dc hieu vai Shigella Truac hat ding khang buy& thanh da nh6m A,B,C lid D Nu mat trong cac huyat thanh da gia ten ngung kat thi ta tin hanh ngung kat voi khang huyet thanh... ngAn va thing clang xuat tir vach Mi vi khuan c6 tir 100-200 pili chung O mot sO vi khan nh& c6 pili ma c6 tinh chat gay benh: lam cho h6ng cu bj ngtrng ket - Nha bao: a met s6 vi khan gram (+), trong dieu kien moi truong khong than lgi c6 kha nang sinh nha bao Nha bao la met hinh thirc t6n tai dac bit cüa vi khan Nha bao xat hien trong nguyen sinh chit nen no mang cac thanh phn cüa nguyen sinh chit... 3.2 Dieu tri Lien eau nhay cam vi nhieu loai khang sinh nar Penicilin, Streptomycin, Kanamycin Tet nit& khi dieu tri nen thir de nhay cam khang sinh cüa lien cu bang khang sinh 6 Khoa Y - Duvc Trang 20/138 Trteenig Dgi hpc Tra Vinh BAI 4:110 VI KHUAN DUbNG RUOT MIX TIEU HQC TAP Sau khi hoc xong, ngueri hoc phai có kha Wing: 1.Neu dtrac cac dec diem vi sinh h9c cüa cac vi khan &rang rut 2 MO tá duple... khong di &Ong, khong nang, không sinh bao ta 1.2 Nuoi cay Shigella hieu ky khi tüy tin nhung tang truang tht a dieu kin hieu khi Moe de dang tren m8i truong EMB, Mac Conkey, SS, XLD KhuAn lac trong suOt, trôn, 14 bey fa, sau 24 gib dueyng kinh khoang 2mm tren moi tnreYng long vi khuAn111QC sam va lam due du moi tnthng 1.3 Tinh chat sinh 116a Shigella len men duomg glucose Khong sinh hai (trir m8t vai typ... dung dich tiem truyen 1.5 Sr khang khang sinh: Sir khang khang sinh cüa ti cu yang la mOt dac diem rat dang ltru 3'7 Da se.' tu cu khang penicillin G Mt se) con lai khang methicillin Hien nay mOt s6 rat it tu cu con de khang dugc vói Cephalosporin cac the he Khang sinh dtrgc dung trong truang hgp nay la vancomycin 1.6 Kha 'Rang gay 14nh: - Tu cu yang thuang k3 sinh h9ng va a da Vi khuAn nay gay benh... d6 khong nhAt thiet c6 c6 dinh mOt hinh the, no c6 the thay di hinh the di)/ timg moi tnremg sinh sang vi dv: ph au khan a trong dam la song cAu hinh ng9n nn c6 vo b9c, nhtmg khi ô moi trueng nuoi cAy thi mat vo + Thodi hinh: trong dieu kin dinh difang kern, vi khu'An CO hien tuvng thodi hinh Vi dv: n u nuoi cAy vi khan lau 6 met moi trueing, khi moi truerng da gAn het chit dinh duo'ng thi hinh clang... men throng glucose khong sinh hai va citrat simmon (-) - Trong loai S.paratyphi A chi c6 mOt st) chting sinh H2S va ô loai nay ket qua thir citrat simmon (-), lysindecarboxylase (-) S.arizona len men lactose (tuy c6 chim) va ONPG(-) - Phan img ngung ket voi khang huyet thanh: + Nen clay vi khuin tren moi trueng thach thuong d ngung ket voi khang huyet thanh 0 Tim khang nguyen H thi phai nuoi clay vi khuin... nhien, hay 1c)'7 sinh tren da, tai, muZSi hyng Vi khuan bi tieu diet a nhiet di 50°C trong 30-60 phut, 6 nhiet dO 62°C diet dirge hail hat cac vi khuan sau 30 phut Cac hoa chat va thuOc sat khuan thong thugng du c6 kha Wang tieu diet dugc vi khuan 1,4 Tinh chat hoa Tinh chat h6a sinh cüa lien au it dugc dung trong xet nghiem thong thirOng Chi co mOt nhom lien eau co the Oa vao tinh chat sinh vat hoa h9c... nhung him khi sinh hai - Cac vi khuAn Shigella c6 the len men hoc khong len men throng mannitol H2S(-), indol(+), citrate(-), MR(+), VP(-) 1.4 Doc - Ni dc t6: khi bi ly giai, tAt ca cac Shigella gay benh du phong thich ra lipopolysaccharide c6 tinh dc to Chat nay gop phAn gay kich thich thanh rut - Ngoai dc tO: S.dysenteriae typ 1 Wet ra ngoai dc tO ben vai nhiet, tac &Ong len cá rut va h thin kinh trung