BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CẦN THƠ VIỆN NGHIÊN CỨU VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CÔNG NGHỆ SINH HỌC LUẬN VĂN TỐT NGHIỆP ĐẠI HỌC CHUYÊN NGÀNH VI SINH VẬT HỌC KHẢO SÁT ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA HAI DÒNG VI KHUẨN Bacillus megaterium-TV2B7 VÀ Stenotrophomonas maltophilia-AM3 PHÂN LẬP TỪ ĐẤT VÙNG RỄ LÚA ĐỐI VỚI GIỐNG LÚA OM 9921 TRỒNG Ở ĐIỀU KIỆN NGOÀI ĐỒNG CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN ThS NGUYỄN THỊ PHA SINH VIÊN THỰC HIỆN NGUYỄN TẤN LẬP MSSV: 3113722 LỚP: VSV K37 (DA11Y3A1) Cần Thơ, tháng 12/2014 BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC CẦN THƠ VIỆN NGHIÊN CỨU VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CÔNG NGHỆ SINH HỌC LUẬN VĂN TỐT NGHIỆP ĐẠI HỌC CHUYÊN NGÀNH VI SINH VẬT HỌC KHẢO SÁT ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA HAI DÒNG VI KHUẨN Bacillus megaterium-TV2B7 VÀ Stenotrophomonas maltophilia-AM3 PHÂN LẬP TỪ ĐẤT VÙNG RỄ LÚA ĐỐI VỚI GIỐNG LÚA OM 9921 TRỒNG Ở ĐIỀU KIỆN NGOÀI ĐỒNG CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN ThS NGUYỄN THỊ PHA SINH VIÊN THỰC HIỆN NGUYỄN TẤN LẬP MSSV: 3113722 LỚP: VSV K37 (DA11Y3A1) Cần Thơ, tháng 12/2014 PHẦN KÝ DUYỆT CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN (ký tên) SINH VIÊN THỰC HIỆN (ký tên) ThS Nguyễn Thị Pha Nguyễn Tấn Lập XÉT DUYỆT CỦA HỘI ĐỒNG BẢO VỆ LUẬN VĂN ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………… Cần Thơ, ngày tháng năm 2014 CHỦ TỊCH HỘI ĐỒNG (ký tên) LỜI CẢM TẠ Trên thực tế, khơng có thành công mà không gắn liền với hỗ trợ, giúp đỡ dù nhiều hay ít, dù trực tiếp hay gián tiếp người khác Trong suốt thời gian từ bắt đầu học tập giảng đường Đại học đến nay, nhận nhiều quan tâm giúp đỡ từ gia đình, thầy cô bạn bè Tôi xin gởi lời cảm ơn đến: Thạc sĩ Nguyễn Thị Pha tận tình hướng dẫn dành nhiều thời gian quý báu truyền đạt kiến thức chuyên môn thực nghiệm để giúp tơi hồn thành luận văn Ban lãnh đạo Viện nghiên cứu phát triển Công nghệ Sinh học, trường Đại học Cần Thơ Cô Nguyễn Thị Liên, Thạc sĩ Trần Thị Xn Mai cán phịng thí nghiệm Cơng nghệ Gen thực vật hướng dẫn tạo điều kiện thuận lợi suốt thời gian làm thí nghiệm thực luận văn Các bạn sinh viên lớp Vi sinh vật khóa 37 nhiệt tình giúp đỡ suốt thời gian qua Cuối cùng, xin bày tỏ lòng cảm ơn sâu sắc đến cha mẹ tạo điều kiện thuận lợi vật chất tinh thần để tơi hồn thành tốt cơng việc học tập Tơi xin chân thành cảm ơn! Luận văn tốt nghiệp Đại học khóa 37- 2014 Trường Đại Học Cần Thơ TÓM LƯỢC Hai dòng vi khuẩn cố định đạm tuyển chọn sau phân lập từ đất vùng rễ lúa nhiễm mặn thuộc Tiểu Cần, Trà Vinh (Bacillus megaterium-TV2B7) An Minh, Kiên Giang (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia-AM3) sử dụng để đánh giá khả cung cấp đạm cho giống lúa OM 9921 điều kiện ngồi đồng ruộng Thí nghiệm bố trí theo khối đầy đủ hồn tồn ngẫu nhiên, lần lặp lại với nhân tố mức phân đạm (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) kết hợp với chủng dòng vi khuẩn đối chứng không chủng vi khuẩn.Về tiêu sinh trưởng, khả cố định đạm dòng vi khuẩn không làm tăng chiều cao chiều dài có tác dụng làm tăng khối lượng rơm khơ thu hoạch Khối lượng rơm khơ trung bình qua mức phân đạm có chủng dịng vi khuẩn TV2B7 (21,6 g/bụi) AM3 (21,2 g/bụi) cao khác biệt có ý nghĩa với khơng chủng vi khuẩn (17,5 g/bụi) Về tiêu suất, ảnh hưởng dịng vi khuẩn qua mức đạm khơng đủ tạo khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê tỷ lệ lép khối lượng 1.000 hạt Bón 75% N cho số mét vuông cao (338,3 bông) cho suất cao (5,6 T/ha) bón 100% N cho số hạt bơng cao (55,5 hạt) Chủng dịng TV2B7 cho số bơng mét vuông cao (324,6 bông), cho số hạt cao (80,6 hạt) cho suất cao (5,31 tấn/ha) Khả cố định đạm dòng TV2B7 thúc đẩy sinh trưởng tăng suất giống lúa OM 9921 tốt hẳn dòng AM3 Từ mức đạm 50% kết hợp với chủng dịng TV2B7 trở lên thay mức phân đạm 100% không chủng vi khuẩn đảm bảo suất Từ khóa: Giống lúa OM 9921, khối lượng rơm khô, vi khuẩn cố định đạm Chuyên ngành Vi Sinh Vật Học i Viện NC&PT Công nghệ Sinh học Luận văn tốt nghiệp Đại học khóa 37- 2014 Trường Đại Học Cần Thơ MỤC LỤC PHẦN KÝ DUYỆT LỜI CẢM TẠ TÓM LƯỢC i MỤC LỤC ii DANH SÁCH BẢNG .iv DANH SÁCH HÌNH .v CÁC TỪ VIẾT TẮT .v CHƯƠNG 1: GIỚI THIỆU 1.1 Đặt vấn đề 1.2 Mục tiêu đề tài CHƯƠNG 2: LƯỢC KHẢO TÀI LIỆU 2.1 Tổng quan lúa 2.1.1 Phân loại khoa học 2.1.2 Đặc điểm sinh học 2.1.3 Các giai đoạn sinh trưởng phát triển lúa .5 2.2 Giống lúa OM 9921 2.3 Đất mặn 2.4.1 Tổng quan 2.4.2 Ảnh hưởng đất mặn đến sinh trưởng, phát triển lúa 2.4 Tổng quan vi khuẩn vùng rễ .10 2.4.1 Vi khẩn Bacillus .11 2.4.2 Vi khuẩn Stenotrophomonas 12 2.5 Vi khuẩn nội sinh trồng 12 CHƯƠNG 3: PHƯƠNG TIỆN VÀ PHƯƠNG PHÁP 14 3.1 Địa điểm thời gian thí nghiệm 14 3.2 Phương tiện nghiên cứu 14 3.2.1 Vât liệu thí nghiệm 14 3.2.2 Dụng cụ thiết bị 15 3.2.3 Hóa chất 16 3.3 Phương pháp 16 3.3.1 Thí nghiệm 1: Khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm cho lúa hai dòng vi khuẩn B Megaterium - TV2B7 S Maltophilia - AM3 điều kiện đồng ruộng 16 3.3.2 Thí nghiệm 2: Khảo sát khả nội sinh lúa tồn xung quanh vùng rễ lúa sau chủng vào hạt lúa hai dòng vi khuẩn B megaterium – TV2B7 S maltophilia – AM3 22 3.3.3 Xử lý kết 23 CHƯƠNG 4: KẾT QUẢ VÀ THẢO LUẬN 24 4.1 Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn Bacillus megaterium - TV2B7 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - AM3 đến sinh trưởng suất giống lúa OM 9921 điều kiện đồng 24 4.1.1 Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn B megaterium - TV2B7 S maltophilia - AM3 đến sinh trưởng giống lúa OM 9921 điều kiện đồng 24 a Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến chiều cao 24 Chuyên ngành Vi Sinh Vật Học ii Viện NC&PT Công nghệ Sinh học Luận văn tốt nghiệp Đại học khóa 37- 2014 Trường Đại Học Cần Thơ b Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến chiều dài 25 c Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dịng vi khuẩn đến khối lượng rơm khơ .26 4.1.2 Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn 27 B megaterium - TV2B7 S maltophilia - AM3 đến thành phần suất giống lúa OM 9921 điều kiện đồng 27 a Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dịng vi khuẩn đến số bơng/m2 27 b Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến số hạt .30 c Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến tỷ lệ hạt lép 31 d Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến khối lượng 1.000 hạt 32 e Kết khảo sát khả cung cấp đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến NSTT .33 4.1.3 Xác định hàm lượng đạm sau thu hoạch 34 4.2 Kết khảo sát khả nội sinh lúa tồn xung quanh vùng rễ lúa sau chủng vào hạt lúa hai dòng vi khuẩn B megaterium – TV2B7 S maltophilia – AM3 .36 CHƯƠNG 5: KẾT LUẬN VÀ ĐỀ NGHỊ 38 5.1 Kết luận 38 5.2 Đề nghị 38 TÀI LIỆU THAM KHẢO 39 PHỤ LỤC Phụ lục 1: Một số hình ảnh thí nghiệm Phụ lục 2: Thống kê kết thí nghiệm Chuyên ngành Vi Sinh Vật Học iii Viện NC&PT Công nghệ Sinh học Luận văn tốt nghiệp Đại học khóa 37- 2014 Trường Đại Học Cần Thơ DANH SÁCH BẢNG Bảng 1: Hàm lượng NH4+ (mg/l) IAA (g/l) trung bình cao tổng hợp hai dịng vi khuẩn 14 Bảng 2: Đặc tính đất thí nghiệm đồng ruộng Trà Cú, Trà Vinh 15 Bảng 3: Công thức môi trường Burk’s không đạm 16 Bảng 4: Sơ đồ ruộng thí nghiệm .17 Bảng 5: Lượng phân urea bón cho nghiệm thức đợt bón 19 Bảng 6: Thành phần dãy đường chuẩn NH4+ 21 Bảng 7: Mô tả giá trị đường chuẩn NH4+ .22 Bảng 8: Ảnh hưởng mức phân đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến chiều cao lúa.25 Bảng 9: Ảnh hưởng mức phân đạm hai dịng vi khuẩn đến chiều dài bơng lúa 26 Bảng 10: Ảnh hưởng mức phân đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến khối lượng rơm khô 27 Bảng 11: Ảnh hưởng mức phân đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến số bông/m2 28 Bảng 12: Phân hạng nghiệm thức theo số bông/m2 29 Bảng 13: Ảnh hưởng mức phân đạm hai dịng vi khuẩn đến số hạt bơng 30 Bảng 14: Phân hạng nghiệm thức theo số hạt chắc/bông 31 Bảng 15: Ảnh hưởng mức phân đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến tỷ lệ hạt lép .32 Bảng 16: Ảnh hưởng mức phân đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến khối lượng 1.000 hạt .33 Bảng 17: Ảnh hưởng mức phân đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến NSTT 34 Bảng 18: Ảnh hưởng mức phân đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn đến hàm lượng đạm đất sau thu hoạch .35 Bảng 19: Khả nội sinh lúa hai dòng vi khuẩn 36 B megaterium – TV2B7 S maltophilia – AM3 sau ngày, ngày, ngày 36 Bảng 20: Khả tồn xung quanh vùng rễ lúa hai dòng vi khuẩn B megaterium – TV2B7 S maltophilia – AM3 sau ngày, ngày, ngày 36 Chuyên ngành Vi Sinh Vật Học iv Viện NC&PT Công nghệ Sinh học Luận văn tốt nghiệp Đại học khóa 37- 2014 Trường Đại Học Cần Thơ DANH SÁCH HÌNH Hình 1: Giống lúa OM 9921 .9 Hình 2: Đắp bờ phân lơ theo bố trí thí nghiệm 18 Hình 3: Đo chiều cao lúa 19 Hình 4: Gặt m2 lúa theo khung x 2,5 m .20 Hình 5: Bón 75% N kết hợp với chủng dịng TV2B7 cho số bơng/m2 cao .29 Chuyên ngành Vi Sinh Vật Học v Viện NC&PT Công nghệ Sinh học Luận văn tốt nghiệp Đại học khóa 37- 2014 Trường Đại Học Cần Thơ CÁC TỪ VIẾT TẮT IRRI: International Rice Research Institute K: Kali N: đạm NSTT: Năng suất thực tế P: Lân PGPR: Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria PTN: Phịng thí nghiệm STT: Số thứ tự VK: Vi khuẩn Chuyên ngành Vi Sinh Vật Học vi Viện NC&PT Công nghệ Sinh học n MSE MAE MAPE ME MPE Estimation 60 371.448 12.9206 4.12623 1.89478E-14 -0.261594 Validation Analysis of Variance for Chac_b Source Sum of Squares Model 4704.39 Residual 1609.12 Total (Corr.) 6313.51 Df 17 42 59 Type III Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Rep 29.616 N 2858.88 VK 915.996 N*VK 899.889 Residual 1609.12 Total (corrected) 6313.51 Mean Square 276.729 38.3125 Df 42 59 F-Ratio 7.22 Mean Square 9.872 714.721 457.998 112.486 38.3125 P-Value 0.0000 F-Ratio 0.26 18.66 11.95 2.94 P-Value 0.8554 0.0000 0.0001 0.0107 Expected Mean Squares Source EMS Rep (5)+Q1 N (5)+Q2 VK (5)+Q3 N*VK (5)+Q4 Residual (5) F-Test Denominators Source Df Mean Square Rep 42.00 38.3125 N 42.00 38.3125 VK 42.00 38.3125 N*VK 42.00 38.3125 Denominator (5) (5) (5) (5) Variance Components Source Estimate Residual 38.3125 R-Squared = 74.513 percent R-Squared (adjusted for d.f.) = 64.1968 percent Standard Error of Est = 6.18971 Mean absolute error = 4.32239 Durbin-Watson statistic = 2.17519 (P=0.6026) Residual Analysis Estimation n 60 MSE 38.3125 MAE 4.32239 MAPE 5.72799 ME -3.25665E-14 MPE -0.472269 Validation Analysis of Variance for Lep_b Source Sum of Squares Model 559.826 Residual 978.644 Total (Corr.) 1538.47 Df 17 42 59 Type III Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Rep 81.0338 Mean Square 32.931 23.301 Df F-Ratio 1.41 Mean Square 27.0113 P-Value 0.1788 F-Ratio 1.16 P-Value 0.3366 N VK N*VK Residual Total (corrected) 337.861 27.0723 113.859 978.644 1538.47 42 59 84.4652 13.5362 14.2324 23.301 3.62 0.58 0.61 0.0126 0.5638 0.7636 Expected Mean Squares Source EMS Rep (5)+Q1 N (5)+Q2 VK (5)+Q3 N*VK (5)+Q4 Residual (5) F-Test Denominators Source Df Mean Square Rep 42.00 23.301 N 42.00 23.301 VK 42.00 23.301 N*VK 42.00 23.301 Denominator (5) (5) (5) (5) Variance Components Source Estimate Residual 23.301 R-Squared = 36.3885 percent R-Squared (adjusted for d.f.) = 10.641 percent Standard Error of Est = 4.82712 Mean absolute error = 3.28833 Durbin-Watson statistic = 1.80933 (P=0.1616) Residual Analysis Estimation n 60 MSE 23.301 MAE 3.28833 MAPE 11.9042 ME 2.0132E-15 MPE -2.16401 Validation Analysis of Variance for P1000 Source Sum of Squares Model 11.3531 Residual 20.5328 Total (Corr.) 31.8858 Df 17 42 59 Type III Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Rep 2.43739 N 1.12845 VK 0.597333 N*VK 7.1899 Residual 20.5328 Total (corrected) 31.8858 Mean Square 0.667828 0.488875 Df 42 59 Mean Square 0.812464 0.282113 0.298667 0.898737 0.488875 Expected Mean Squares Source EMS Rep (5)+Q1 N (5)+Q2 VK (5)+Q3 N*VK (5)+Q4 Residual (5) F-Test Denominators Source Df Mean Square Rep 42.00 0.488875 F-Ratio 1.37 Denominator (5) P-Value 0.2022 F-Ratio 1.66 0.58 0.61 1.84 P-Value 0.1897 0.6808 0.5476 0.0966 N VK N*VK 42.00 42.00 42.00 0.488875 0.488875 0.488875 (5) (5) (5) Variance Components Source Estimate Residual 0.488875 R-Squared = 35.6054 percent R-Squared (adjusted for d.f.) = 9.54091 percent Standard Error of Est = 0.699196 Mean absolute error = 0.458833 Durbin-Watson statistic = 1.54693 (P=0.0286) Residual Analysis Estimation n 60 MSE 0.488875 MAE 0.458833 MAPE 1.71239 ME 5.9804E-15 MPE -0.0479591 Validation Analysis of Variance for NSTT Source Sum of Squares Model 18.9515 Residual 6.83521 Total (Corr.) 25.7867 Df 17 42 59 Type III Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Rep 0.164393 N 12.9252 VK 3.1944 N*VK 2.66746 Residual 6.83521 Total (corrected) 25.7867 Mean Square 1.11479 0.162743 Df 42 59 Mean Square 0.0547978 3.2313 1.5972 0.333433 0.162743 Expected Mean Squares Source EMS Rep (5)+Q1 N (5)+Q2 VK (5)+Q3 N*VK (5)+Q4 Residual (5) F-Test Denominators Source Df Mean Square Rep 42.00 0.162743 N 42.00 0.162743 VK 42.00 0.162743 N*VK 42.00 0.162743 Denominator (5) (5) (5) (5) Variance Components Source Estimate Residual 0.162743 R-Squared = 73.4933 percent R-Squared (adjusted for d.f.) = 62.7643 percent Standard Error of Est = 0.403414 Mean absolute error = 0.281689 Durbin-Watson statistic = 2.02311 (P=0.3980) Residual Analysis Estimation n 60 Validation F-Ratio 6.85 P-Value 0.0000 F-Ratio 0.34 19.86 9.81 2.05 P-Value 0.7988 0.0000 0.0003 0.0635 MSE MAE MAPE ME MPE 0.162743 0.281689 5.74078 -5.03301E-16 -0.492571 The StatAdvisor This pane summarizes the results of fitting general linear statistical models relating dependent variables to predictive factors Since the P-value in the first ANOVA table for Cao cay is greater or equal to 0.05 there is not a statistically significant relationship between Cao cay and the predictor variables at the 95.0% confidence level The second ANOVA table for Cao cay tests the statistical significance of each of the factors as it was entered into the model Notice that the highest P-value is 0.5246 belonging to A Since the P-value is greater or equal to 0.05 that term is not statistically significant at the 95.0% confidence level Consequently you should consider removing A from the model The R-Squared statistic indicates that the model as fitted explains 73.4933% of the variability in Cao cay The adjusted Rsquared statistic which is more suitable for comparing models with different numbers of independent variables is 62.7643% The standard error of the estimate shows the standard deviation of the residuals to be 0.403414 This value can be used to construct prediction limits for new observations by selecting the Reports option from the text menu The mean absolute error (MAE) of 2.29667 is the average value of the residuals The Durbin-Watson (DW) statistic tests the residuals to determine if there is any significant correlation based on the order in which they occur in your data file Since the P-value is greater than 0.05 there is no indication of serial autocorrelation in the residuals The output also summarizes the performance of the model in fitting the data and in predicting any values withheld from the fitting process It displays: (1) the mean squared error (MSE) (2) the mean absolute error (MAE) (3) the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) (4) the mean error (ME) (5) the mean percentage error (MPE) Each of the statistics is based on the residuals The first three statistics measure the magnitude of the errors A better model will give a smaller value The last two statistics measure bias A better model will give a value close to Multiple Comparisons for Cao cay by N Method: 95.0 percent LSD N Count LS Mean 50 12 92.95 25 12 93.7083 12 95.3 75 12 95.65 100 12 96.1583 LS Sigma 0.962599 0.962599 0.962599 0.962599 0.962599 Homogeneous Groups X XX XX XX X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits - 25 1.59167 2.74726 - 50 2.35 2.74726 - 75 -0.35 2.74726 - 100 -0.858333 2.74726 25 - 50 0.758333 2.74726 25 - 75 -1.94167 2.74726 25 - 100 -2.45 2.74726 50 - 75 -2.7 2.74726 50 - 100 * -3.20833 2.74726 75 - 100 -0.508333 2.74726 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pair indicating that this pair shows a statistically significant difference at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for Cao cay by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK VK1 VK2 0VK Count 20 20 20 LS Mean 93.605 95.23 95.425 LS Sigma 0.745626 0.745626 0.745626 Homogeneous Groups X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits 0VK - VK1 1.82 2.12802 0VK - VK2 0.195 2.12802 VK1 - VK2 -1.625 2.12802 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means There are no statistically significant differences between any pair of means at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page one homogenous group is identified by a column of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for Dai bong by N Method: 95.0 percent LSD N Count LS Mean 50 12 20.9667 25 12 21.0917 12 21.1167 100 12 21.2417 75 12 21.575 LS Sigma 0.256915 0.256915 0.256915 0.256915 0.256915 Homogeneous Groups X X X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits - 25 0.025 0.733236 - 50 0.15 0.733236 - 75 -0.458333 0.733236 - 100 -0.125 0.733236 25 - 50 0.125 0.733236 25 - 75 -0.483333 0.733236 25 - 100 -0.15 0.733236 50 - 75 -0.608333 0.733236 50 - 100 -0.275 0.733236 75 - 100 0.333333 0.733236 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means There are no statistically significant differences between any pair of means at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page one homogenous group is identified by a column of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for Dai bong by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK Count LS Mean VK2 20 20.96 VK1 20 21.255 0VK 20 21.38 LS Sigma 0.199005 0.199005 0.199005 Homogeneous Groups X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits 0VK - VK1 0.125 0.567962 0VK - VK2 0.42 0.567962 VK1 - VK2 0.295 0.567962 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means There are no statistically significant differences between any pair of means at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page one homogenous group is identified by a column of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for KL rom by N Method: 95.0 percent LSD N Count LS Mean 12 18.1083 25 12 19.175 50 12 20.2 100 12 21.3417 75 12 21.75 LS Sigma 0.534623 0.534623 0.534623 0.534623 0.534623 Homogeneous Groups X XX XX XX X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits - 25 -1.06667 1.52582 - 50 * -2.09167 1.52582 - 75 * -3.64167 1.52582 - 100 * -3.23333 1.52582 25 - 50 -1.025 1.52582 25 - 75 * -2.575 1.52582 25 - 100 * -2.16667 1.52582 50 - 75 * -1.55 1.52582 50 - 100 -1.14167 1.52582 75 - 100 0.408333 1.52582 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for KL rom by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK Count LS Mean 0VK 20 17.555 VK1 20 21.185 VK2 20 21.605 LS Sigma 0.414117 0.414117 0.414117 Homogeneous Groups X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits 0VK - VK1 * -3.63 1.18189 0VK - VK2 * -4.05 1.18189 VK1 - VK2 -0.42 1.18189 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for Bong_m by N Method: 95.0 percent LSD N Count LS Mean 12 285.167 LS Sigma 5.56363 Homogeneous Groups X 25 50 100 75 12 12 12 12 294.75 309.917 336.083 338.25 5.56363 5.56363 5.56363 5.56363 XX X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits - 25 -9.58333 15.8786 - 50 * -24.75 15.8786 - 75 * -53.0833 15.8786 - 100 * -50.9167 15.8786 25 - 50 -15.1667 15.8786 25 - 75 * -43.5 15.8786 25 - 100 * -41.3333 15.8786 50 - 75 * -28.3333 15.8786 50 - 100 * -26.1667 15.8786 75 - 100 2.16667 15.8786 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for Bong_m by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK Count LS Mean 0VK 20 297.7 VK1 20 316.2 VK2 20 324.6 LS Sigma 4.30957 4.30957 4.30957 Homogeneous Groups X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits 0VK - VK1 * -18.5 12.2995 0VK - VK2 * -26.9 12.2995 VK1 - VK2 -8.4 12.2995 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for Chac_b by N Method: 95.0 percent LSD N Count LS Mean 12 67.4417 25 12 71.3667 50 12 75.525 75 12 83.45 100 12 85.4833 Contrast - 25 - 50 - 75 - 100 25 - 50 25 - 75 Sig * * * * Difference -3.925 -8.08333 -16.0083 -18.0417 -4.15833 -12.0833 LS Sigma 1.78681 1.78681 1.78681 1.78681 1.78681 Homogeneous Groups X XX X X X +/- Limits 5.09958 5.09958 5.09958 5.09958 5.09958 5.09958 25 - 100 * -14.1167 5.09958 50 - 75 * -7.925 5.09958 50 - 100 * -9.95833 5.09958 75 - 100 -2.03333 5.09958 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for Chac_b by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK Count LS Mean 0VK 20 71.325 VK1 20 78.05 VK2 20 80.585 LS Sigma 1.38406 1.38406 1.38406 Homogeneous Groups X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits 0VK - VK1 * -6.725 3.95011 0VK - VK2 * -9.26 3.95011 VK1 - VK2 -2.535 3.95011 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for Lep_b by N Method: 95.0 percent LSD N Count LS Mean 12 25.1167 50 12 28.4333 25 12 29.8833 75 12 31.075 100 12 31.8333 LS Sigma 1.39347 1.39347 1.39347 1.39347 1.39347 Homogeneous Groups X XX X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits - 25 * -4.76667 3.97696 - 50 -3.31667 3.97696 - 75 * -5.95833 3.97696 - 100 * -6.71667 3.97696 25 - 50 1.45 3.97696 25 - 75 -1.19167 3.97696 25 - 100 -1.95 3.97696 50 - 75 -2.64167 3.97696 50 - 100 -3.4 3.97696 75 - 100 -0.758333 3.97696 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for Lep_b by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK Count LS Mean VK2 20 28.37 VK1 20 29.45 0VK 20 29.985 LS Sigma 1.07938 1.07938 1.07938 Homogeneous Groups X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits 0VK - VK1 0.535 3.08054 0VK - VK2 1.615 3.08054 VK1 - VK2 1.08 3.08054 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means There are no statistically significant differences between any pair of means at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page one homogenous group is identified by a column of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for P1000 by N Method: 95.0 percent LSD N Count LS Mean 100 12 26.7167 12 26.9083 25 12 26.9317 75 12 26.9358 50 12 27.1492 LS Sigma 0.201841 0.201841 0.201841 0.201841 0.201841 Homogeneous Groups X X X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits - 25 -0.0233333 0.576054 - 50 -0.240833 0.576054 - 75 -0.0275 0.576054 - 100 0.191667 0.576054 25 - 50 -0.2175 0.576054 25 - 75 -0.00416667 0.576054 25 - 100 0.215 0.576054 50 - 75 0.213333 0.576054 50 - 100 0.4325 0.576054 75 - 100 0.219167 0.576054 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means There are no statistically significant differences between any pair of means at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page one homogenous group is identified by a column of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for P1000 by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK Count LS Mean VK2 20 26.795 0VK 20 26.955 VK1 20 27.035 Contrast Sig LS Sigma 0.156345 0.156345 0.156345 Difference Homogeneous Groups X X X +/- Limits 0VK - VK1 -0.08 0.446209 0VK - VK2 0.16 0.446209 VK1 - VK2 0.24 0.446209 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means There are no statistically significant differences between any pair of means at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page one homogenous group is identified by a column of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for NSTT by N Method: 95.0 percent LSD N Count LS Mean 12 4.4025 25 12 4.735 50 12 5.0275 100 12 5.5575 75 12 5.59917 LS Sigma 0.116456 0.116456 0.116456 0.116456 0.116456 Homogeneous Groups X X X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits - 25 * -0.3325 0.332365 - 50 * -0.625 0.332365 - 75 * -1.19667 0.332365 - 100 * -1.155 0.332365 25 - 50 -0.2925 0.332365 25 - 75 * -0.864167 0.332365 25 - 100 * -0.8225 0.332365 50 - 75 * -0.571667 0.332365 50 - 100 * -0.53 0.332365 75 - 100 0.0416667 0.332365 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for NSTT by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK Count LS Mean 0VK 20 4.7555 VK1 20 5.1275 VK2 20 5.31 LS Sigma 0.0902062 0.0902062 0.0902062 Homogeneous Groups X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits 0VK - VK1 * -0.372 0.257449 0VK - VK2 * -0.5545 0.257449 VK1 - VK2 -0.1825 0.257449 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Hàm lượng đạm đất sau thu hoạch: General Linear Models (Rep) Number of dependent variables: Number of categorical factors: A=Rep B=N C=VK Number of quantitative factors: Selection variable: Rep Analysis of Variance for HL NH4 Source Sum of Squares Model 1.57194 Residual 2.09952 Total (Corr.) 3.67146 Df 17 42 59 Type III Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares Rep 0.0176249 N 0.408786 VK 0.673572 N*VK 0.471955 Residual 2.09952 Total (corrected) 3.67146 Mean Square 0.0924669 0.0499886 Df 42 59 F-Ratio 1.85 Mean Square 0.00587495 0.102196 0.336786 0.0589943 0.0499886 P-Value 0.0533 F-Ratio 0.12 2.04 6.74 1.18 P-Value 0.9493 0.1055 0.0029 0.3337 Expected Mean Squares Source EMS Rep (5)+Q1 N (5)+Q2 VK (5)+Q3 N*VK (5)+Q4 Residual (5) F-Test Denominators Source Df Mean Square Rep 42.00 0.0499886 N 42.00 0.0499886 VK 42.00 0.0499886 N*VK 42.00 0.0499886 Denominator (5) (5) (5) (5) Variance Components Source Estimate Residual 0.0499886 R-Squared = 42.815 percent R-Squared (adjusted for d.f.) = 19.6687 percent Standard Error of Est = 0.223581 Mean absolute error = 0.143002 Durbin-Watson statistic = 2.23864 (P=0.6835) Residual Analysis Estimation n 60 MSE 0.0499886 MAE 0.143002 MAPE 21.9176 ME 1.23975E-16 MPE -7.15645 Validation The StatAdvisor This pane summarizes the results of fitting a general linear statistical model relating HL NH4 to predictive factors Since the P-value in the first ANOVA table for HL NH4 is greater or equal to 0.05 there is not a statistically significant relationship between HL NH4 and the predictor variables at the 95.0% confidence level The second ANOVA table for HL NH4 tests the statistical significance of each of the factors as it was entered into the model Notice that the highest P-value is 0.9493 belonging to A Since the P-value is greater or equal to 0.05 that term is not statistically significant at the 95.0% confidence level Consequently you should consider removing A from the model The R-Squared statistic indicates that the model as fitted explains 42.815% of the variability in HL NH4 The adjusted R-squared statistic which is more suitable for comparing models with different numbers of independent variables is 19.6687% The standard error of the estimate shows the standard deviation of the residuals to be 0.223581 This value can be used to construct prediction limits for new observations by selecting the Reports option from the text menu The mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.143002 is the average value of the residuals The Durbin-Watson (DW) statistic tests the residuals to determine if there is any significant correlation based on the order in which they occur in your data file Since the P-value is greater than 0.05 there is no indication of serial autocorrelation in the residuals The output also summarizes the performance of the model in fitting the data and in predicting any values withheld from the fitting process It displays: (1) the mean squared error (MSE) (2) the mean absolute error (MAE) (3) the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) (4) the mean error (ME) (5) the mean percentage error (MPE) Each of the statistics is based on the residuals The first three statistics measure the magnitude of the errors A better model will give a smaller value The last two statistics measure bias A better model will give a value close to Multiple Comparisons for HL NH4 by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK Count LS Mean VK1 20 0.6248 VK2 20 0.71255 0VK 20 0.8802 LS Sigma 0.0499943 0.0499943 0.0499943 Homogeneous Groups X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits 0VK - VK1 * 0.2554 0.142684 0VK - VK2 * 0.16765 0.142684 VK1 - VK2 -0.08775 0.142684 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for HL NH4 by N Method: 95.0 percent LSD N Count LS Mean 50 12 0.601083 12 0.7005 75 12 0.753167 100 12 0.815583 25 12 0.825583 LS Sigma 0.0645424 0.0645424 0.0645424 0.0645424 0.0645424 Homogeneous Groups X XX XX X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits - 25 -0.125083 0.184204 - 50 0.0994167 0.184204 - 75 -0.0526667 0.184204 - 100 -0.115083 0.184204 25 - 50 * 0.2245 0.184204 25 - 75 0.0724167 0.184204 25 - 100 0.01 0.184204 50 - 75 -0.152083 0.184204 50 - 100 * -0.2145 0.184204 75 - 100 -0.0624167 0.184204 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals General Linear Models (Ngay) Number of dependent variables: Number of categorical factors: A=VK Number of quantitative factors: Selection variable: Ngay Analysis of Variance for Cay Source Sum of Squares Model 62471.2 Residual 90138.7 Total (Corr.) 152610 Df 24 26 Type III Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares VK 62471.2 Residual 90138.7 Total (corrected) 152610 Mean Square 31235.6 3755.78 Df 24 26 F-Ratio 8.32 Mean Square 31235.6 3755.78 P-Value 0.0018 F-Ratio 8.32 P-Value 0.0018 Expected Mean Squares Source EMS VK (2)+Q1 Residual (2) F-Test Denominators Source Df Mean Square VK 24.00 3755.78 Denominator (2) Variance Components Source Estimate Residual 3755.78 R-Squared = 40.9352 percent R-Squared (adjusted for d.f.) = 36.0132 percent Standard Error of Est = 61.2844 Mean absolute error = 31.8683 Durbin-Watson statistic = 0.867585 (P=0.0002) Residual Analysis Estimation n 27 MSE 3755.78 MAE 31.8683 MAPE ME -3.94746E-16 MPE Validation Analysis of Variance for Vung_re Source Sum of Squares Model 3228.57 Residual 1616.89 Total (Corr.) 4845.46 Df 24 26 Type III Sums of Squares Source Sum of Squares VK 3228.57 Residual 1616.89 Total (corrected) 4845.46 Mean Square 1614.29 67.3704 Df 24 26 F-Ratio 23.96 Mean Square 1614.29 67.3704 P-Value 0.0000 F-Ratio 23.96 P-Value 0.0000 Expected Mean Squares Source EMS VK (2)+Q1 Residual (2) F-Test Denominators Source Df Mean Square VK 24.00 67.3704 Denominator (2) Variance Components Source Estimate Residual 67.3704 R-Squared = 66.6309 percent R-Squared (adjusted for d.f.) = 63.8501 percent Standard Error of Est = 8.20795 Mean absolute error = 4.68313 Durbin-Watson statistic = 2.21195 (P=0.6204) Residual Analysis Estimation n 27 MSE 67.3704 MAE 4.68313 MAPE ME -1.31582E-16 MPE Validation The StatAdvisor This pane summarizes the results of fitting general linear statistical models relating dependent variables to predictive factors Since the P-value in the first ANOVA table for Vung_re is less than 0.05, there is a statistically significant relationship between Vung_re and the predictor variables at the 95.0% confidence level The second ANOVA table for Vung_re tests the statistical significance of each of the factors as it was entered into the model Notice that the highest P-value is 0.0000, belonging to A Since the P-value is less than 0.05, that term is statistically significant at the 95.0% confidence level Consequently, you probably don't want to remove any variables from the model The R-Squared statistic indicates that the model as fitted explains 66.6309% of the variability in Vung_re The adjusted Rsquared statistic, which is more suitable for comparing models with different numbers of independent variables, is 63.8501% The standard error of the estimate shows the standard deviation of the residuals to be 8.20795 This value can be used to construct prediction limits for new observations by selecting the Reports option from the text menu The mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.68313 is the average value of the residuals The Durbin-Watson (DW) statistic tests the residuals to determine if there is any significant correlation based on the order in which they occur in your data file Since the P-value is greater than 0.05, there is no indication of serial autocorrelation in the residuals The output also summarizes the performance of the model in fitting the data, and in predicting any values withheld from the fitting process It displays: (1) the mean squared error (MSE) (2) the mean absolute error (MAE) (3) the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) (4) the mean error (ME) (5) the mean percentage error (MPE) Each of the statistics is based on the residuals The first three statistics measure the magnitude of the errors A better model will give a smaller value The last two statistics measure bias A better model will give a value close to NOTE: the MAPE and MPE were not calculated because the smallest data value was less than or equal to Multiple Comparisons for Cay by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK Count LS Mean DC 0.222222 AM3 27.4444 TV2B7 113.111 Contrast AM3 - DC Sig LS Sigma 20.4281 20.4281 20.4281 Difference 27.2222 Homogeneous Groups X X X +/- Limits 59.6256 AM3 - TV2B7 * -85.6667 59.6256 DC - TV2B7 * -112.889 59.6256 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs, indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page, homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column, the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method, there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals Multiple Comparisons for Vung_re by VK Method: 95.0 percent LSD VK Count LS Mean DC 0.0 AM3 23.0 TV2B7 23.3889 LS Sigma 2.73598 2.73598 2.73598 Homogeneous Groups X X X Contrast Sig Difference +/- Limits AM3 - DC * 23.0 7.98578 AM3 - TV2B7 -0.388889 7.98578 DC - TV2B7 * -23.3889 7.98578 * denotes a statistically significant difference The StatAdvisor This table applies a multiple comparison procedure to determine which means are significantly different from which others The bottom half of the output shows the estimated difference between each pair of means An asterisk has been placed next to pairs, indicating that these pairs show statistically significant differences at the 95.0% confidence level At the top of the page, homogenous groups are identified using columns of X's Within each column, the levels containing X's form a group of means within which there are no statistically significant differences The method currently being used to discriminate among the means is Fisher's least significant difference (LSD) procedure With this method, there is a 5.0% risk of calling each pair of means significantly different when the actual difference equals ... thay phân đạm hai dòng vi khuẩn Bacillus megaterium - TV2B7 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - AM3 ảnh hưởng đến giống lúa OM 9921  So sánh hiệu tương tác của hai dòng vi khuẩn giống lúa OM 9921 điều. .. megaterium-TV2B7 VÀ Stenotrophomonas maltophilia-AM3 PHÂN LẬP TỪ ĐẤT VÙNG RỄ LÚA ĐỐI VỚI GIỐNG LÚA OM 9921 TRỒNG Ở ĐIỀU KIỆN NGOÀI ĐỒNG CÁN BỘ HƯỚNG DẪN ThS NGUYỄN THỊ PHA SINH VI? ?N THỰC HIỆN NGUYỄN TẤN LẬP... Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - AM3 phân lập từ đất vùng rễ lúa giống lúa OM 9921 trồng điều kiện ngồi đồng? ?? nhằm mục đích đánh giá khả cung cấp đạm vi khuẩn vùng rễ điều kiện thực tế đồng ruộng,