Ms. Khanh CÁCH LÀM BÀI TÌM CÂU GẦN NGHĨA NHẤT (PARAPHRASE IDENTIFICATION) I/ CHỨC NĂNG NGÔN NGỮ 1. Câu yêu cầu (Requests) Can/ Could you open the window, please? Would you mind opening the window? Will/ Would you open the window? I wonder if you could open the window for me? Would you be so kind as to open the window for 2. Câu đề nghị (Suggestions) Let’s go to the cinema. Why don’t we go to the cinema? How about going to the cinema? We could go to the cinema. me? Could you possibly open the window for me? 3. Tự đề nghị (Offers) Offering help Shall I carry this suitcase for you? Let me carry your suitcase. “A soft drink?” = Would you like a soft drink? Offering things (Yes, please./ No, thanks, it’s OK.) Would you like tea or coffee? (I’d rather have coffee, please. I’d prefer tea, please. 4. Kuyên bảo (Advice) I think you should stay at home. If I were you, I’d stay at home. You’d better stay at home. I would rather you stayed at home. I don’t mind) 5. Xin phép (Permission) Is it alright if I leave early? Can I leave early? Could I possibly leave a bit early, please? May I leave early? offer insist (on) accuse (of) apologize (to sb for) accept decline request admit permit/ allow invite deny reassure suggest confess (to do st) thank threaten reproach promise scold (for) remind approve advise remark congratulate II/ NGUYÊN NHÂN/ HỆ QUẢ/ MỤC ĐÍCH warn announce recommend complain agree disagree prefer introduce 1. because, as, since + C = because of/ due to/ owing to/ on account of +N • Note: Khong dung “owing to” sau “to be”. Eg: The company’s success is largely due to (owing to) the new director. 2. so/ such … that = so adj as to V It was so unusual as to seem almost a joke = it was so unusual that it seemed almost a joke. too adj = adj enough Ms. Khanh 3. , which (thay thế cho cả mệnh đề) 4. 5 để: so that / in order that + C = in order to/ so as to/ to V 5. with the aim of Ving = with the view to Ving III/ TƯƠNG PHẢN 1. although/even though/though/ in spite of/ despite/ but 2. Though/ however/ nonetheless/ nevertheless 3. Adjective/ adverb + though/ as 4. Much as 5. Try, may/ might. Eg: Try as I might, I could not pass my driving test. = Although I tried hard, I could not pass my driving test. 6. Even if 7. If + adjective = although Eg: The room was well-furnished, if a little badly decorated. (Can phong day du tien nghi, mac du trang tri hoi toi.) 8. Whatever + (N) + S + V = No matter what + N However + adv/adj + S + V = No matter how + adv/adj IV/ SO SANH Outdo (v) = lam tot hon Exceed (v) = vuot qua Surpass (v) = vuot troi, hon V/ DIEU KIEN 1. Unless = if … not 2. But for = without = If it weren’t/ hadn’t been for 3. On the condition that = As long as/ provided (providing) that = mien la 4. Even if = du cho 5. Happen / should Eg1: If you happen to see Helen, could you ask her to call me? Eg2: If you should happen to be passing, drop in for a cup of tea. (neu ban tinh co di ngang qua nha toi, hay ghe vao uong mot tach tra.) 6. As if/ as though VI/ CAU NHAN MANH 1. It is/ was … that/ who + C 2. It + be + (high) time + C 3. What / All + C (thuong dung voi “need, want, like, hate”) Eg: What I hate is rainy weather. 4. Whatever/ Whoever/… 5. Tro dong tu DO 6. at all / in the least / in the slightest Eg: All I need is another $20. Ms. Khanh • No/ none co the dc nhan manh bang cach them “at all/ whatsoever” Eg: There were none left at all. Eg: There were no tickets left whatsoever. • Them “bit” truoc tinh tu khi co the least I wasn’t the least bit interested. = I wasn’t in the least interested. = I was not interested at all. = I wasn’t interested in the slightest. 7. Them trang tu va tinh tu • actually/ by no mean/ even/ sheer (chi la, that la, hoan toan)/ utter (hoan toan, dut khoat) • absolutely/ quite/ completely/ utterly/ simply/ just. VII/ PAST MODALS 1. might / may have + pp 2. could have = pp 3. should have + pp 4. must have + pp 5. will have + pp VIII/ THI HIEN TAI/ QUA KHU HOAN THANH IX/ TU DONG NGHIA / TRAI NGHIA Eg1: I’m sure that Peter won’t be late. = Peter is bound to be on time. Eg2: Selling drugs is the against the law here. = The sale of drugs is not permitted here. Eg3: The critics undervalued his new book. = The critics had a low opinion of his new book. X/ EXCEPT / ONLY/ LAST/ BUT/ APERT FROM Eg: No one but the boy saw the terrible accident. = Only the boy saw the terrible accident XI/ DẠNG TỪ (STYLES) Xem lai bai Van Phong XII/ NGU DONG TU 1. get on with 2. take to 3. come across = come XII/ THANH NGU 6. call off 7. see off 8. set off 1. be hard on st = treat st roughly: tho bao 2. make allowance for: chieu co 3. somehow or other = one way or another: bang light to = come upon 4. get off: escape 9. long for 4. take my place = stand in for me: thay the punishment 5. come up with 10. turn down 5. out of order: hong cach nay hay cach khac