Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , đ ng t Ti n t h ut C U T O DANH T , TÍNH T , TR NG T , ð NG T TI N T VÀ H U T (TÀI LI U BÀI GI NG) Giáo viên: VŨ TH MAI PHƯƠNG VÍ D M ð U she is a beautiful girl ↓ ↓ ↓ Article Adjective Noun (beauty) NOUN NH NG QUI T C CƠ B N + Danh t t có h u t : - tion, - sion, -er, -or + Tính t t có h u t : - able, - ful, - less, - al + Tr ng t thơng thư ng có h u t : - ly N I DUNG CHÍNH 3.1 NOUNS 3.1.1 Definition: Noun is a word used as the name of a person, thing, animal, place Ex: Student (person) Blackboard (thing) Cat (animal) Countryside (place) 3.1.2 The ways to form a noun: FORM AR a- Verb + ER OR ION b- Verb + ING MENT c- Noun /Adjective + DOM d- Noun/Adjective + HOOD e- Noun/ Adjective + ISM EXAMPLES - sailor, actor - teacher, driver, viewer, singer - beggar, liar - action, invention, liberation, conclusion - writing, making, liking, cooking, learning - movement, development, investment, punishment, amusement - kingdom, freedom, wisdom - boyhood, neighborhood, childhood, brotherhood, falsehood - capitalism, patriotism, terrorism, heroism, communism - socialism, racialism, colonialism Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trò Vi t T ng ñài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương NESS f- Adjective + TY ITY g- Verb + ANT h- Adjective Noun i- Verb Noun C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , đ ng t Ti n t h ut - happiness, laziness, illness, sickness - cruelty, loyalty, difficulty - possibility, ability, capability, ability, curiosity - assistant, accountant, applicant, contestant - angry → anger - long → length - brave → bravery - proud → pride - deep → depth - terrible → terror - famous → fame - young → youth - high → height - hot → heat - true → truth - just → justice - choose → choice - live → life - prove → proof - strike → stroke - sing → song - advise→ advice - enter → entry - fail → failure - feed → food - laugh → laughter - renew → renewal - sit → seat - speak → speech - see → sight - sell → sale - die → death - bury → burial - lose → loss 3.1.3 The functions of a noun 3.1.3.1- Subject: - This girl is intelligent 3.1.3.2- Object: - She eats a banana 3.1.3.3- Complement: - He is a footballer 3.1.3.4- Appositive: - Mr David, a famous doctor, is my father’s friend 3.1.3.5- Object of a preposition: - Everybody is interested in sports 3.1.3.6- Adjective: - The Vietnam War is different from any other one 3.2 ADJECTIVES 3.2.1 Definition: Adjective is a word that modifies a noun It usually stands before a noun a charming room Ex: a horse an apple a furnished house this old house 3.2.2 The way to form an adjective: FORM Noun - Adjective - choir → choral - circle → circular - union → united - fashion → fashionable - honor → honorable - notice → noticeable Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t EXAMPLES - neglect - picture - charity - gold - wool - wood → neglected → picturesque → charitable → golden → woolen → wooden T ng ñài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương FORM Verb → Adjective Noun - FUL Noun -LESS C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , đ ng t Ti n t h ut EXAMPLES - reason → reasonable - earth → earthen - value → valuable - North → Northern - terror → terrible - West → Western - sense → sensible - fury → furious - horror → horrible - glory → glorious - access → accessible - melody → melodious - luxury → luxurious - mystery → mysterious - victory → victorious - prosper → prosperous - vapor → vaporous - bounty → bounteous - variety → various - clamor → clamorous - danger → dangerous - murder → murderous - danger → dangerous - disaster → disastrous - advantage → advantageous - ccourage → courageous - mountain → mountainous - volume → voluminous - venom → venomous - mischief → mischievous - peril → perilous - advent → adventitious - caution → cautious - affection → affectionate - citrus → citreous - authority → authoritative - fortune → fortunate - intuition → intuitive - apprehension→ apprehensive - abhor → abhorrent - vary → various - obey → obedient - accept → acceptable - absorb → absorbent - admire → admirable - notice → noticeable - choose → choosy - compel → compelling - volunteer→ voluntary - please → pleasing - unite → united - learn → learned - comply → compliant - vacate → vacant - grieve → grievous - marvel → marvelous - prosper → prosperous - strain → strenuous - study → studious - quarrel → quarrelsome - meddle → meddlesome - benefit → beneficial - criticize → critical - abuse → abusive - attend → attentive - collect → collective - compete → competitive - create → creative - destroy → destructive - decide → decisive - express → expressive - describe → descriptive - extend → extensive - affirm → affirmative - decorate → decorative - image → imaginative - inform → informative - deceive →deceptive/ deceitful - harmful - pocketful - peaceful - basketful - handful - useful - successful - helpful - childless - helpless Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng ñài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương FORM C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut EXAMPLES - homeless - noiseless - thoughtless - harmless - odorless - hopeless - useless Noun -LY - manly - hourly - yearly - daily - brotherly - fatherly Noun -LIKE - lifelike - childlike - warlike - godlike - statesmanlike Noun - Y - silvery - dirty - starry - sandy - snowy - healthy - crafty - silky - rainy - shadowy - faulty - wintery Noun - ISH - foolish - selfish - childish - amateurish Noun -AL - central - optional - accidental - natural - traditional - magical - occasional - industrial - personal - agricultural - venom Noun→ Adjective - difference different - volume - patience patient - peril - independence independent - mischief - vigilance vigilant - caution - distance distant - advent - circumstance circumstantial - citrus - volcano volcanic - affection - sympathy sympatric - fortune - hero heroic - authority - giant gigantic - mystery - energy energic - victory - metal metallic - prosper - poet poetic - vapor - academy academic - variety - anemia anemic - bounty - athlete athletic - clamor - quarrel quarrelsome - danger - trouble troublesome - murder - choir choral - danger - circle circular Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t venomous voluminous perilous mischievous cautious adventitious citreous affectionate fortunate authoritative mysterious victorious prosperous vaporous various bounteous clamorous dangerous murderous dangerous T ng ñài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương FORM Verb → Adjective C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , đ ng t Ti n t h ut EXAMPLES - picture picturesque - disaster - charity charitable - advantage - fashion fashionable - courage - honor honorable - mountain - notice noticeable - wood - reason reasonable - earth - sense sensible - North - horror horrible - West - gold golden - fury - wool woolen - benefit - glory glorious - criticize - apprehension apprehensive - abuse - intuition intuitive - attend - abhor abhorrent - collect - obey obedient - compete - absorb absorbent - create - acquiesce acquiescent - admire admirable - decide - notice noticeable - express - choose choosy - extend - volunteer voluntary - select - compel compelling - affirm - learn learned - decorate - comply compliant - image - vacate vacant - inform - grieve grievous - deceive - marvel marvelous - meddle - study studious - quarrel quarrelsome disastrous advantageous courageous mountainous wooden earthen Northern Western furious beneficial critical abusive attentive collective competitive creative decisive expressive extensive selective affirmative decorative imaginative informative deceptive / deceitful meddlesome 3.2.3- The uses of adjective 3.2.3.1- Attribute adjective (tính ng ) b nghiã cho danh t phía sau: Ex: intelligent student large room big house 3.2.3.2- Predicative adjectives (v ng ) ch tính cách c a ch ng nh nh ng ñ ng t BE / LINKING, VERBS (become / get / look / seem ) Ex: - My brother is young - You look tired 3.2.3.3- Object compliment (b nghĩa cho tân ng ) ch tích cách c a tân ng nh đ ng t : find, make, set, keep, leave Ex: I found this lesson difficult The sun keeps us warm Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng đài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH môn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut 3.2.3.4 -The adjective must be placed after the noun of time, of measurement or words (something, anything, nothing) Ex: Twenty years old Five yards long Nothing strange I didn’t notice anything wrong with him 3.3- ADVERBS 3.3.1- Definition: Adverbs express how, when, or where an action is done 3.3.1.1- Adverbs of manner: express how an action is done actively calmly fast late together so alone somehow carefully anyhow also how Ex: We went to school together The birds sang sweetly 3.3.1.2- Adverbs of time: express when an action is done today once before since now soon always seldom rarely already early ago then often sometimes Ex: It often rains in the tropics I have never seen a seahorse 3.3.1.3- Adverbs of place: express where an action is done here in out above below past under far everywhere down up around along way upstairs near there Ex: I followed him everywhere Come in 3.3.2- The positions of adverbs 3.3.2.1- Adverbs which modify the meaning of adjectives or other adverbs are placed before the word modified Ex: She is very beautiful (Adj) He sings very well (Adv) 3.3.2.2- Adverbs which modify the meaning of a whole sentence are placed at the beginning of the sentence Ex: Usually we go to school by motor cycle 3.3.2.3- Adverbs which modify the meaning of verbs Ex: He is running fast I live here I am speaking now 3.3.3- The way to form adverbs: ADJECTIVE + LY → ADVERB OF MANNER Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng đài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH môn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut Notes: - There is a change of the final vowel when necessary Ex: lucky → luckily happy → happily slow → slowly - Some adverbs have the same form as adjectives Ex: - I went to New York by a fast train (Adj) - He ran fast (Adv) - We were late for school (Adj) - We went t school late (Adv) 3.4- VERBS 3.4.1- Definition: A verb is a word or a group which expresses an action or state of being 3.4.1.1- Transitive verb: is one which is used with an object Ex: The waiter brings coffee (Object) The student learns English (Object) 3.4.1.2- Intransitive verb: is one which is used without an object It can not be used in the passive voice Ex: The sun rises The baby is sleeping Notes: - Most of English verbs are used both transitively and intransitively Ex: - The boy rings the bell - The bell rings - The girl is singing a song - The girl is singing - Few verbs are used transitively or intransitively Ex: - The boy lays the book.(Object) - The boy is lying on the table - He sets the bird free - He sits on the chair 3.4.1.3- Auxiliary verb: Auxiliary verb is one which helps other verbs to form tenses, moods or voices - The auxiliary verbs : be, will, shall, do, did Ex: - He is studying English - She will come to the party - An apple is eaten by Mary - They have gone away - Tom doesn’t understand the lesson 3.4.1.4- Modal verb: Modal verb is one which can’t conjugate in all tenses, and moods - The modal verbs are: will, shall, can, may, might, need, dare, used to, ought to Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trò Vi t T ng ñài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut Ex: - He can swim - Can’t he swim ? 3.4.2- The ways to form verbs FORM NOUN → VERB camp circle courage danger roll slavery tomb power calm friend company custom actor creator addition circulation competition composition description dictation division education illustration imitation obligation provision solution suspicious liberty wreath bath breath cloth bright broad sweet trial dirt Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t EXAMPLES encamp horror encircle justice encourage liquid endanger terror enroll belief enslaver blood entomb brass empower glass becalm deceit befriend deed accompany endurance accustom food act gold create grief add growth circulate knee compete knowledge compose life describe pleasure dictate product divide proof educate relief illustrate sale imitate shelf obligate song provide speech solve success suspect thought liberate price wreathe tale bathe colony breathe drama clothe moisture brighten nation broaden sympathy sweeten vandal try vapor dirty vitality T ng ñài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 horrify justify liquefy terrify believe bleed braze glaze deceive endure feed gild grieve grow kneel know live please produce prove relieve sell shelve sing speak succeed think prize tell colonize dramatize moisturize nationalize sympathize vandalize vaporize vitalize - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương FORM ADJECTIVE →VERB beauty class glory deep dark fat short sharp straight tight wide C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut EXAMPLES beautify vacancy classify vaccine glorify deepen large darken modern fatten simple shorten cool sharpen full straighten hale tighten weak widen vacate vaccinate enlarge modernize simplify cool fill heal weaken ÁP D NG TH C TI N 4.1- SUBJECT + VERB + ADJ/ ADV/ NOUN 4.1.1- Subject + be / linking verbs + Adjective (linking verbs: become, look, seem, turns out, find, make, set, keep ) 4.1.2- Subject + Verb + Adverb Ex: - The flowers are fresh (Adj) - Peter ran faster than I did.(Adv) - We are late for school (Adj) - We go to school late (Adv) - I feel interested in this book (Adj) 4.1.3- Subject + Verb + Noun m o t (a / an / the) Adj Noun - T ch ñ nh (this / that / these / those) - T b t ñ nh (some / many / any) - T s h u (my / her / our ) Ex: - She is a beautiful girl (beauty) - He has a preference for english novels (prefer) 4.1.4- Subject + Verb + the + Adjective (Dùng danh t ) Ex: - Our pupils are raising money for the poor (poor) Adj - The rich are always selfish (rich) Adj Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng đài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH môn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , đ ng t Ti n t h ut - Ngoài tính t thơng thư ng, ta có th s d ng ñ ng t : past participle (Ved / V2 ), present participle (V-ing) - Present participle: dùng tính t mang tính ch đ ng b nghĩa cho danh t ñã tác ñ ng, danh t gây hành đ ng - Past participle : dùng tính t mang tính b đ ng, b nghĩa cho danh t nh n l y s tác ñ ng hành đ ng (ngồi s phân bi t v nghĩa, ta cịn có th c vào hình thái c a ch ng ) - Ex: It was a very exciting football match (excite) ↓ present participle Subject (thing / animal) The children were excited in Christmas day (excite) ↓ past participle Subject (person / people) 4.2- SUBJECT + VERB + TO VERB (INFINITIVE) afford, want, forget, arrange, need, ask, dare, agree, attempt, tend learn (how), plan, decide, pretend, threaten, appear, offer, expect, Ex: - I like George but I think he pretends to talk too much - I decide not to go out because of the weather Notes: - Dare + bare infinitive / to Verb (infinitive) - Daren’t + bare infinitive Ex:- I wouldn’t dare ask him - I would not dare to ask him - I daren’t tell him what happened 4.3- SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT + TO VERB (INFINITIVE) advise / allow / ask / beg / encourage / hate / intent / invite /would like / need / persuade / remind tell / want / warn /expect / help / would prefer / order / force / enable Ex: - Remind me to phone Ann tomorrow - I got Jack to repair my car 4.4- SUBJECT + VERB + BARE INFINITIVE can / could may / might / must / ought to / have to / would rather Ex: - I would rather it later Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng đài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | 10 - Khóa h c LTðH môn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , đ ng t Ti n t h ut C U T O DANH T , TÍNH T , TR NG T , ð NG T TI N T VÀ H U T (BÀI T P T LUY N) Giáo viên: VŨ TH MAI PHƯƠNG Exercise 1: Choose the most suitable word or phrase: He has been very interested in doing research on _ since he was at high school a biology b biological c biologist d biologically Are you sure that boys are more _ than girls? a act b active c action d activity You are old enough to take _ for what you have done a responsible b responsibility c responsibly d irresponsible These quick and easy _ can be effective in the short term, but they have a cost a solve b solvable c solutions d solvability He was looking at his parents _, waiting for recommendations a obey b obedience c obedient d obediently The interviews with parents showed that the vast majority were _ of teachers a support b supportive c supporter d supporting It is _ of you to leave the medicine where the children could get it a care b caring c careless d careful For reasons, passengers are requested not to leave any luggage unattended a secure b securely c security d securing The leader of the explorers had the great _ in his native guide a confident b confidence c confidential d confidentially 10 We are impressed by his _ to help us with the hard mission a will b willing c willingness d willingly 11 London is home to people of many _ cultures a diverse b diversity c diversify d diversification 12 John cannot make a _ to get married to Mary or stay single until he can afford a house and a car a decide b decision c decisive d decisively 13 My mother used to be a woman of great _, but now she gets old and looks pale a beauty b beautiful c beautifully d beautify 14 Although they are twins, they have almost the same appearance but they are seldom in _ a agree b agreeable c agreement d agreeably 15 The more _ and positive you look, the better you will feel a confide b confident c confidently d confidence 16 My parents will have celebrated 30 years of _ by next week a marry b married c marriageable d marriage Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trò Vi t T ng ñài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut 17 Many Vietnamese people their lives for the revolutionary cause of the nation a sacrifice b sacrificed c sacrificial d sacrificially 18 They had a candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage a romance b romantic c romantically d romanticize 19 Are there any _, between Vietnamese and American culture? a differences b different c differently d differential 10 She _ decided to walk home alone a wise b unwise c wisdom d unwisely 20 Nowadays, young people are free to choose their mates and they are encouraged _ at least at the age of 23 a marrying b marry c to marry d married 21 Some people are concerned with physical _when choosing a wife or husband a attractive b attraction c attractiveness d attractively 22 What could be more _ than a wedding on a tropical island? a romance b romantic c romanticizing d romanticism 23 In my hometown, many people still believe in _ marriage a contract b contractual c contracts d contracting 24 _ women are responsible for the chores in the house and taking care of the children a With tradition b On tradition c Traditional d traditionally 25 Though their performance was not perfect yet, the students held the audience's _ until the end a attentive b attention c attentively d attentiveness 26 The survey will cover various ways of _ the different attitudes toward love and marriage of today's youth a determination b determine c determined d determining 27 Both Asian and Western students seem about how to answer the questionnaire of the survey a confusedly b confused c confusing d confusion 28 She was unaware of the embarrassing situation due to her different cultural background a complete b completed c completing d completely 29 What is more important to you, intelligence or _? a attraction b attractiveness c attractive d attracted 30 The family has a very important role in _ children a social b socialist c socializing d socialism 31 When we apologize, we admit our _ a courtesy b courteous c discourteous d discourtesy 32 In U.S schools, teachers don't mind their students' _ them during the lectures a interrupt b interrupted c interrupting d to interrupt 33 His achievements were partly due to the of his wife a assist b assistant c assisted d assistance 34 By working day and night, they succeeded their work in time a finished b to finish c finishing d in finishing 35 They started, as _ gatherings but they have become increasingly formalized in the last few years a informal b informally c informalize d informality Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng đài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH môn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut 36 Children who are isolated and lonely seem to have poor language and a communicate b communication c communicative d communicator 37 The lecturer explained the problem very clearly and is always _ in response to questions a attention b attentive c attentively d attentiveness 38 I make no for encouraging my children to succeed in school a apologize b apologetic c apologies d apoplectic 39 It was very more of a chat than an interview a formal b informal c formality d informality 40 As an _, Mr Pike is very worried about the increasing of juvenile delinquency a educate b education c educator d educative 41 In England, primary education is provided by state schools run by the government and by _ fee-paying schools a independent b independently c depended d independence 42 The United Nations Secretary-General has often spoken of the need for individual _ and human rights in his speeches a free b freedom c freely d freeing 43 He did not well at school and left with few _ qualifications a academic b academy c academician d academically 44 The Minister of the Education and Training Department appeared on TV last night to _ his new policy a public b publicly c publicize d publicizing 45 He owed his success not to privilege but to self-education and a driving desire for _ a achieve b achiever c achievement d achievable 46 To Vietnamese students, the _ examination to university is very difficult a require b requirement c requiring d required 47 Despite many recent _ advances, there are parts where schools are not equipped with computers a technology b technological c technologically d technologist 48 There is a wide range of _ in the education system of the USA a select b selective c selected d selection 49 Military is in this country Every man who reaches the age of 18 has to serve in the army for two years a compulsory b optional c illegal d unnecessary 50 He graduated with doctorates of _ and surgery from Florence, gaining the highest honors that year a medicine b medical c medicate d medication 51 A child receives his early from their parents a educate b education c educator d educative 52 Birth control methods have women from the endless cycle of childbearing and rearing a free b freely c freedom d freed 53 Thanks to the women's liberation women can take part in activities a social b society c socially d socialize 54 To preserve that , it was necessary to preserve the people that had created it a civil b civilize c civility d civilization Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng đài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH môn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut 55 The Prime Minister is to consider changes to sexually laws to enforce equal opportunities a discriminate b discrimination c discriminatory d discriminated 56 In former days, women were considered not to be suitable for becoming a a politics b political c politically d politician 57 Western women are more than Asian women a depend b dependent c independent d independently 58 In some communities a husband's over his wife is absolute a power b powerful c powerfully d powered 59 I think that up to now there has not been a real between men and women a equal b equally c equality d equalize 60 It is illegal to _ on grounds of race, sex or religion a differ b differentiate c discriminate d certify 61 The International Red Cross helps people in need without any discrimination based on _, race, religion, class or political opinions a national b nationally c nationality d native 62 The International Committee of the Red Cross is a private _ institution founded in 1863 in Geneva, Switzerland a human b humanity c humanization d humanitarian 63 In former days, after the battles soldiers on both sides died or were left wounded on the field without any _ attendance and basic care a medicine b medical c medication d medically 64 Up until the middle of the 19th century, there were no _ and well established army nursing systems for casualties a organize b organized c organizational d organizers 65 All payments to the ICRC are _ and are received as donations a volunteer b voluntary c voluntarily d voluntariness 66 The Red Cross organizes and leads relief assistance missions after , such as natural disasters, man-made disasters, and epidemics a emergent b emergencies c emergently d emergence 67 One of the tasks of the Red Cross is also to support local _ care projects a health b healthy c healthful d healthily 68 She sustained severe head _ after being thrown from her horse a injure b injured c injuries d injurious 69 According to World Bank figures, 41 per cent of Brazilians live in absolute _ a poor b poorer c poorly d poverty 70 Up until the middle of the 19th century, there were no _ and well established army nursing systems for casualties a organize b organized c organizational d organizers 71 They are going to _ the pool to 1.8 meter a deep b depth c deepen d deeply 72 The referee had no hesitation in awarding the visiting team a _ a penalty b penalize c penal d penalization 73 The crowd cheered as the goalkeeper deflected the _ a shoot b shooting c shooter d shot Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng đài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH môn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , đ ng t Ti n t h ut 74 The referee's _ is the most important in any sport competition a decide b decisive c decision d decider 75 players are not allowed to interfere with the opponent's movements unless the player is holding the ball a Defense b Defensive c Defender d Defensively 76 The main task of a defender in a sport game is to _ the opponents from scoring a prevent b preventing c prevention d preventable 77 Many young men prefer scuba-diving because it is _ a adventure b adventurous c adventurously d adventurist 78 I _ think that scuba diving is more of danger than adventure a person b personal c personally d personalize 79 A water polo cap is used to the players' heads and to identify them a tie b penalize c protect d move 80 lf a defender _ with a free throw, holds or sinks an attacker, he is excluded from the game for twenty seconds a punches b passes c plays d interferes Exercise 2: Use the proper form of the word in parentheses to fill in the blank: She acted in passive _ to her manager’s directions (obedient) She was very during my father’s illness ( support) Going to university has made her more (confide) We hope the difficulty can be by getting the two sides together to discuss the issues (solution) Can I rely on you to behave when I’m away? (responsible) He admitted _ to smuggle cannabis (attempt) This story makes a of children’s clothes (special) What she likes best is to go to the and see her dear little child (nurse) Not knowing which colour he would like, I have not come to a on what sweater to buy him (decide) 10 The nurse is always kind and gentle to us She is a very person (careful) 11 “I'm sorry I'm late,” he murmured _ (apologize) 12 The summit was only from the south (approach) 13 They are thinking of the _ of travelling abroad this summer (attract) 14 of the new system will take several days (install) 15 The company had received complaints both and in writing (verbal) 16 The government has been accused of not responding to the needs of the homeless (appropriate) 17 We took a more direct route (slight) 18 This type of behavior is no longer acceptable (society) 19 His casual behavior was wholly for such a formal occasion (appropriate) 20 Rob’s very - he likes his party (society) Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương Ngu n Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng đài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 : Hocmai.vn - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH môn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , đ ng t Ti n t h ut C U T O DANH T , TÍNH T , TR NG T , ð NG T TI N T VÀ H U T (ðÁP ÁN BÀI T P T LUY N) Giáo viên: VŨ TH MAI PHƯƠNG Exercise 1: Choose the most suitable word or phrase: He has been very interested in doing research on _ since he was at high school a biology b biological c biologist d biologically Are you sure that boys are more _ than girls? b active c action d activity a act You are old enough to take _ for what you have done a responsible b responsibility c responsibly d irresponsible These quick and easy _ can be effective in the short term, but they have a cost c solutions d solvability a solve b solvable He was looking at his parents _, waiting for recommendations d obediently a obey b obedience c obedient The interviews with parents showed that the vast majority were _ of teachers a support b supportive c supporter d supporting It is _ of you to leave the medicine where the children could get it c careless d careful a care b caring For reasons, passengers are requested not to leave any luggage unattended a secure b securely c security d securing The leader of the explorers had the great _ in his native guide b confidence c confidential d confidentially a confident 10 We are impressed by his _ to help us with the hard mission a will b willing c willingness d willingly 11 London is home to people of many _ cultures a diverse b diversity c diversify d diversification 12 John cannot make a _ to get married to Mary or stay single until he can afford a house and a car b decision c decisive d decisively a decide 13 My mother used to be a woman of great _, but now she gets old and looks pale a beauty b beautiful c beautifully d beautify 14 Although they are twins, they have almost the same appearance but they are seldom in _ c agreement d agreeably a agree b agreeable 15 The more _ and positive you look, the better you will feel a confide b confident c confidently d confidence 16 My parents will have celebrated 30 years of _ by next week d marriage a marry b married c marriageable 17 Many Vietnamese people their lives for the revolutionary cause of the nation a sacrifice b sacrificed c sacrificial d sacrificially Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng đài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , đ ng t Ti n t h ut 18 They had a candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage c romantically d romanticize a romance b romantic 19 Are there any _, between Vietnamese and American culture? a differences b different c differently d differential 10 She _ decided to walk home alone d unwisely a wise b unwise c wisdom 20 Nowadays, young people are free to choose their mates and they are encouraged _ at least at the age of 23 a marrying b marry c to marry d married 21 Some people are concerned with physical _when choosing a wife or husband a attractive b attraction c attractiveness d attractively 22 What could be more _ than a wedding on a tropical island? b romantic c romanticizing d romanticism a romance 23 In my hometown, many people still believe in _ marriage a contract b contractual c contracts d contracting 24 _ women are responsible for the chores in the house and taking care of the children d traditionally a With tradition b On tradition c Traditional 25 Though their performance was not perfect yet, the students held the audience's _ until the end a attentive b attention c attentively d attentiveness 26 The survey will cover various ways of _ the different attitudes toward love and marriage of today's youth a determination b determine c determined d determining 27 Both Asian and Western students seem about how to answer the questionnaire of the survey b confused c confusing d confusion a confusedly 28 She was unaware of the embarrassing situation due to her different cultural background a complete b completed c completing d completely 29 What is more important to you, intelligence or _? b attractiveness c attractive d attracted a attraction 30 The family has a very important role in _ children a social b socialist c socializing d socialism 31 When we apologize, we admit our _ d discourtesy a courtesy b courteous c discourteous 32 In U.S schools, teachers don't mind their students' _ them during the lectures a interrupt b interrupted c interrupting d to interrupt 33 His achievements were partly due to the of his wife a assist b assistant c assisted d assistance 34 By working day and night, they succeeded their work in time b to finish c finishing d in finishing a finished 35 They started, as _ gatherings but they have become increasingly formalized in the last few years a informal b informally c informalize d informality 36 Children who are isolated and lonely seem to have poor language and a communicate b communication c communicative d communicator Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng ñài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut 37 The lecturer explained the problem very clearly and is always _ in response to questions b attentive c attentively d attentiveness a attention 38 I make no for encouraging my children to succeed in school a apologize b apologetic c apologies d apoplectic 39 It was very more of a chat than an interview a formal b informal c formality d informality 40 As an _, Mr Pike is very worried about the increasing of juvenile delinquency c educator d educative a educate b education 41 In England, primary education is provided by state schools run by the government and by _ fee-paying schools a independent b independently c depended d independence 42 The United Nations Secretary-General has often spoken of the need for individual _ and human rights in his speeches b freedom c freely d freeing a free 43 He did not well at school and left with few _ qualifications a academic b academy c academician d academically 44 The Minister of the Education and Training Department appeared on TV last night to _ his new policy c publicize d publicizing a public b publicly 45 He owed his success not to privilege but to self-education and a driving desire for _ a achieve b achiever c achievement d achievable 46 To Vietnamese students, the _ examination to university is very difficult b requirement c requiring d required a require 47 Despite many recent _ advances, there are parts where schools are not equipped with computers a technology b technological c technologically d technologist 48 There is a wide range of _ in the education system of the USA a select b selective c selected d selection 49 Military is in this country Every man who reaches the age of 18 has to serve in the army for two years a compulsory b optional c illegal d unnecessary 50 He graduated with doctorates of _ and surgery from Florence, gaining the highest honors that year a medicine b medical c medicate d medication 51 A child receives his early from their parents b education c educator d educative a educate 52 Birth control methods have women from the endless cycle of childbearing and rearing a free b freely c freedom d freed 53 Thanks to the women's liberation women can take part in activities a social b society c socially d socialize 54 To preserve that , it was necessary to preserve the people that had created it a civil b civilize c civility d civilization 55 The Prime Minister is to consider changes to sexually laws to enforce equal opportunities a discriminate b discrimination c discriminatory d discriminated Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng đài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH môn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut 56 In former days, women were considered not to be suitable for becoming a d politician a politics b political c politically 57 Western women are more than Asian women a depend b dependent c independent d independently 58 In some communities a husband's over his wife is absolute a power b powerful c powerfully d powered 59 I think that up to now there has not been a real between men and women c equality d equalize a equal b equally 60 It is illegal to _ on grounds of race, sex or religion a differ b differentiate c discriminate d certify 61 The International Red Cross helps people in need without any discrimination based on _, race, religion, class or political opinions c nationality d native a national b nationally 62 The International Committee of the Red Cross is a private _ institution founded in 1863 in Geneva, Switzerland d humanitarian a human b humanity c humanization 63 In former days, after the battles soldiers on both sides died or were left wounded on the field without any _ attendance and basic care b medical c medication d medically a medicine 64 Up until the middle of the 19th century, there were no _ and well established army nursing systems for casualties a organize b organized c organizational d organizers 65 All payments to the ICRC are _ and are received as donations a volunteer b voluntary c voluntarily d voluntariness 66 The Red Cross organizes and leads relief assistance missions after , such as natural disasters, man-made disasters, and epidemics b emergencies c emergently d emergence a emergent 67 One of the tasks of the Red Cross is also to support local _ care projects a health b healthy c healthful d healthily 68 She sustained severe head _ after being thrown from her horse c injuries d injurious a injure b injured 69 According to World Bank figures, 41 per cent of Brazilians live in absolute _ a poor b poorer c poorly d poverty 70 Up until the middle of the 19th century, there were no _ and well established army nursing systems for casualties c organizational d organizers a organize b organized 71 They are going to _ the pool to 1.8 meter a deep b depth c deepen d deeply 72 The referee had no hesitation in awarding the visiting team a _ a penalty b penalize c penal d penalization 73 The crowd cheered as the goalkeeper deflected the _ a shoot b shooting c shooter d shot 74 The referee's _ is the most important in any sport competition a decide b decisive c decision d decider Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trư ng chung c a h c trị Vi t T ng ñài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa h c LTðH mơn Ti ng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương C u t o danh t , tính t , tr ng t , ñ ng t Ti n t h ut 75 players are not allowed to interfere with the opponent's movements unless the player is holding the ball b Defensive c Defender d Defensively a Defense 76 The main task of a defender in a sport game is to _ the opponents from scoring a prevent b preventing c prevention d preventable 77 Many young men prefer scuba-diving because it is _ b adventurous c adventurously d adventurist a adventure 78 I _ think that scuba diving is more of danger than adventure c personally d personalize a person b personal 79 A water polo cap is used to the players' heads and to identify them a tie b penalize c protect d move 80 lf a defender _ with a free throw, holds or sinks an attacker, he is excluded from the game for twenty seconds d interferes a punches b passes c plays Exercise 2: Use the proper form of the word in parentheses to fill in the blank: She acted in passive _ obedience to her manager’s directions (obedient) She was very supportive during my father’s illness ( support) Going to university has made her more confident (confide) We hope the difficulty can be solved _by getting the two sides together to discuss the issues (solution) Can I rely on you to behave responsibly when I’m away? (responsible) He admitted _ attempting to smuggle cannabis (attempt) This story makes a speciality of children’s clothes (special) What she likes best is to go to the _ nursing _ and see her dear little child (nurse) Not knowing which colour he would like, I have not come to a _ decision _ on what sweater to buy him (decide) 10 The nurse is always kind and gentle to us She is a very _ caring _ person (careful) 11 “I'm sorry I'm late,” he murmured _ apologetically (apologize) 12 The summit was _ approaching _only from the south (approach) 13 They are thinking of the attractiveness _ of travelling abroad this summer (attract) 14 _Installation _ of the new system will take several days (install)I 15 The company had received complaints both _ verbally _and in writing (verb) 16 The government has been accused of not responding _ appropriately _to the needs of the homeless (appropriate) 17 We took a _ slightly _ more direct route (slight) 18 This type of behavior is no longer _ socially _acceptable (society) 19 His casual behavior was wholly _ inappropriate _ for such a formal occasion (appropriate) 20 Rob’s very _sociable _ - he likes his party (society) Giáo viên: Vũ Th Mai Phương Ngu n Hocmai.vn – Ngôi trư ng chung c a h c trò Vi t T ng ñài tư v n: 1900 58-58-12 : Hocmai.vn - Trang | - Khóa học LTĐH mơn Tiếng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Thị Mai Phương Luyện tập LUYỆN TẬP (TÀI LIỆU BÀI GIẢNG) Giáo viên: VŨ THỊ MAI PHƯƠNG I MỘT SỐ LƯU Ý Quan sát cấu trúc ngữ pháp câu: Ex 1: The equipment in our office needs _ A moderner B modernizing C modernized D modernization Câu có chủ ngữ vật (The equipment) nên sau need V_ing – Đáp án câu modernizing Mỗi loại động từ với dạng bổ trợ định Khi em biết cấu trúc việc xác định cấu tạo từ sau dễ dàng Các động từ mind, enjoy, avoid, finish, keep động từ sau ln V_ing Các động từ agree, aim, appear, ask, attempt, decide, demand bổ trợ ln động từ ngun thể có to Ex 2: That is the most _ girl I’ve seen A beautifuler B beautiful C beautifulest D beautifully Từ cần điền tính từ bổ nghĩa cho girl Trước vị trí trống the most – dấu hiệu so sánh Đến nhiều em chọn beautifulest nghĩ tính từ dạng so sánh thêm –est cuối từ quy tắc áp dụng với tính từ ngắn, tính từ dài (hai âm tiết trở nên ) cấu trúc the most + nguyên mẫu tính từ Khi phương án A, B, C, D thuộc loại từ vựng (danh từ tính từ) em phải xem xét ý nghĩa từ để chọn đáp án xác Ex: Computer is one of the most important _of the 20th century A inventings B inventories C inventions D inventor Sau one of phải danh từ số nhiều Tuy nhiên inventories lại có nghĩa tóm tắt, kiểm kê inventions phát minh, sáng chế Đáp án câu đương nhiên inventions Nếu không em ý đến đuôi –tion, cách cấu tạo danh từ vật từ động từ thơng dụng suy đáp án câu Xem xét ý nghĩa phủ định từ Khi thêm tiền tố in, un, ir, dis nghĩa từ bị đảo ngược hoàn toàn Dựa vào yếu tố em nhận biết nghĩa từ khẳng định hay phủ định Tuy nhiên từ kết hợp với loại phụ tố định Ví dụ responsible kết hợp với tiền tố ir-; illegal kết hợp với tiền tố il- Ex: I think it’s very _ of him to expect us to work overtime every night this week A reason B reasonable C unreasonable D inreasonable Từ cần điền tính từ Cụm từ “work overtime every night this week” mang hàm ý phủ định nên tính từ câu mang nghĩa phủ định – unreasonable (Reasonable kết hợp với tiền tố un- để tạo nên từ trái nghĩa) Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trường chung học trị Việt Tổng đài tư vấn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Khóa học LTĐH môn Tiếng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Thị Mai Phương Luyện tập Để làm dạng tập em phải liên hệ từ cần điền với cụm từ khác câu để nhận biết ý câu khẳng định hay phủ định từ xác định dạng thức từ II MỘT SỐ CÁCH CẤU TẠO TỪ THÔNG DỤNG Cấu tạo danh từ - Danh từ cấu tạo từ động từ cách thêm hậu tố như: -ment (arrangement, management ); -tion, -ion (repetition, decision ); -ence (reference, dependence) Chỉ người thêm phụ tố – ee (empoyee), -er (teacher), -or (competitor), -ist(dentist ) - Danh từ cấu tạo từ tính từ cách thêm hậu tố như: -ty (difficulty ), -ness(carefulness ), bility (responsibility ), -ce (confidence ) Cấu tạo tính từ Tính từ thường cấu tạo từ danh từ động từ cách thêm hậu tố – ful(beautiful, helpful ), -less (harmless, careless ), -ous (dangerous, continuous ), - al(financial, econimical ), ic (climatic, politic ), - tive (active, competitive ), -able(trainable ), -ible (defensible ) Cấu tạo động từ - Động từ cấu tạo thêm số phụ tố tố vào danh từ: en- (encourage); -en(threaten) - Động từ cấu tạo thêm số phụ tố vào tính từ: en- (enlarge); -en (widen); -ise; ize (modernize, industrialise), -fy (purify) Cấu tạo trạng từ Trạng từ thường cấu tạo việc thêm –ly vào tính từ: quick – quickly, beautiful – beautifully Một số trạng từ có hình thức giống với tính từ: fast, hard, far, much 5) Các tiền tố làm đảo ngược nghĩa từ Khi thêm số tiền tố un- (unhappy), in- (inactive), dis- (dislike), mis- (misspell, misunderstand), ir- (irresponsible), il- (illegal) nghĩa từ trái ngược hồn tồn Tuy nhiên từ lại kết hợp với loại phụ tố định, ví dụ mis- kết hợp với understand, spell không kết hợp với happy hay active Ex: Her boring essay is the I have ever read (LENGTH) Xác định từ loại từ cần điền dựa vào từ xung quanh cấu trúc câu Dễ dàng nhận thấy từ loại cần điền vào Adjective Xác định nghĩa từ cần điền dựa vào ngữ nghĩa câu từ cho sẵn Ngữ "boring essay" cộng thêm từ cho sẵn "LENGTH" làm ta nghĩ đến từ "LONG" Xem lại cấu trúc ngữ cảnh câu để thêm tiền tố, hậu tố, cần thiết Nhận thấy dấu hiệu so sánh "the ", ta thêm hậu tố -est vào tính từ ngắn Vậy đáp án LONGEST Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trường chung học trị Việt Tổng đài tư vấn: 1900 58-58-12 - Trang | - Luyện tập Khóa học LTĐH mơn Tiếng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Thị Mai Phương III BÀI TẬP Practice exercise 1 This company offers a lot of jobs (ATTRACTIVE) It's impossible to everybody (PLEASANT) You should not the room without knocking on the door (ENTRANCE) Your skirt is rather short, you'd better ask the dressmaker to it (LONG) The success of the show is on the weather (DEPEND) I'm sure Jack will come to help us; he's a(n) man (DEPEND) The new film is good (EXCEPT) These remote areas are still to the Internet (ACCESS) His plan is good, but it won't work in practice (THEORY) 10 He is for his charitable activities than for his business in the steel industry (KNOW) Practice exercise Lisa is very She always manages to look good in photographs (PHOTO) I’ve never known such a person (QUARREL) He wrote the book alone, so he doesn’t have (AUTHOR) _ fruit juice contains no extra sugar (SWEET) The doctor gave him an injection to the pain (DIE) 6a My brother and I decided to _ the money we found (HALF) 6b No one wanted to _the obnoxious boy, so he’s always alone (FRIEND) Giáo viên: Vũ Thị Mai Phương Nguồn Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trường chung học trị Việt Tổng đài tư vấn: 1900 58-58-12 : Hocmai.vn - Trang | - Luyện tập Khóa học LTĐH mơn Tiếng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Thị Mai Phương LUYỆN TẬP (BÀI TẬP TỰ LUYỆN) Giáo viên: VŨ THỊ MAI PHƯƠNG I Tìm dạng từ ngoặc I'd like to book a to Hong Kong (FLY) Since has been so poor the class is being closed (ATTEND) We believe him because we know he is (TRUTH) The discovery of new drugs has the treatment of many diseases (REVOLUTION) I liked the concert, but the drums me (DEAF) We should reduce in this area (POOR) It was another attempt, they had to try again (SUCCEED) might have proved that the suspect was at the scene of the crime (FINGER) Maldini is in AC Milan He's the key to their success (REPLACE) 10 There is an international match between Vietnam and Myanmar this evening (FRIEND) II Chọn phương án (A, B, C D) để hoàn thành câu sau The American War of was won in 1776 A depending B dependence C independence Although the splitting of the atom was one of the greatest scientific _of this many people who wish it had never happened A breakdown B breakthroughs C breakup Burning coal is an way of heating a house A economy B economic C economical There are very few places left on earth Man has been nearly everywhere A explore B exploring C explored The thing I hate about John is his A reliable B reliability C unreliability The police are interested in the sudden _ of the valuable painting A unappearance B inappearance C appearance There were 50 _ in the talent contest A competition B competitor C competitors Unless something is done about unemployment, the for the future is not good A lookout B lookup C outlook His boss told him off because he had behaved _ A responsible B responsibly C irresponsible 10 In my opinion, all are equally bad, irrespective of which party they belong to A politics B politic C politician D independent century, there are D breakaway D economically D unexplored D unrelying D disappearance D competitions D look-in D irresponsibly D politicians Giáo viên: Vũ Thị Mai Phương Nguồn Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trường chung học trị Việt Tổng đài tư vấn: 1900 58-58-12 : Hocmai.vn - Trang | - Luyện tập Khóa học LTĐH mơn Tiếng Anh – Giáo viên: Vũ Thị Mai Phương LUYỆN TẬP (ĐÁP ÁN BÀI TẬP TỰ LUYỆN) Giáo viên: VŨ THỊ MAI PHƯƠNG I Tìm dạng từ ngoặc I'd like to book a to Hong Kong (FLY) flight Since has been so poor the class is being closed (ATTEND) attendance We believe him because we know he is (TRUTH) truthful The discovery of new drugs has the treatment of many diseases (REVOLUTION) revolutionized I liked the concert, but the drums me (DEAF) deafened We should reduce in this area (POOR) poverty It was another attempt, they had to try again (SUCCEED) unsuccessful might have proved that the suspect was at the scene of the crime (FINGER) fingerprints Maldini is in AC Milan He's the key to their success (REPLACE) irreplaceable 10 There is an international match between Vietnam and Myanmar this evening (FRIEND) friendly II Chọn phương án (A, B, C D) để hoàn thành câu sau The American War of was won in 1776 A depending B dependence C independence Although the splitting of the atom was one of the greatest scientific _of this many people who wish it had never happened B breakthroughs C breakup A breakdown Burning coal is an way of heating a house A economy B economic C economical There are very few places left on earth Man has been nearly everywhere A explore B exploring C explored The thing I hate about John is his C unreliability A reliable B reliability The police are interested in the sudden _ of the valuable painting A unappearance B inappearance C appearance There were 50 _ in the talent contest C competitors A competition B competitor Unless something is done about unemployment, the for the future is not good A lookout B lookup C outlook His boss told him off because he had behaved _ A responsible B responsibly C irresponsible 10 In my opinion, all are equally bad, irrespective of which party they belong to A politics B politic C politician D independent century, there are D breakaway D economically D unexplored D unrelying D disappearance D competitions D look-in D irresponsibly D politicians Giáo viên: Vũ Thị Mai Phương Nguồn Hocmai.vn – Ngơi trường chung học trị Việt Tổng đài tư vấn: 1900 58-58-12 : Hocmai.vn - Trang | - ... cần điền với cụm từ khác câu để nhận biết ý câu khẳng định hay phủ định từ xác định dạng thức từ II MỘT SỐ CÁCH CẤU TẠO TỪ THÔNG DỤNG Cấu tạo danh từ - Danh từ cấu tạo từ động từ cách thêm hậu tố... Danh từ cấu tạo từ tính từ cách thêm hậu tố như: -ty (difficulty ), -ness(carefulness ), bility (responsibility ), -ce (confidence ) Cấu tạo tính từ Tính từ thường cấu tạo từ danh từ động từ cách... -able(trainable ), -ible (defensible ) Cấu tạo động từ - Động từ cấu tạo thêm số phụ tố tố vào danh từ: en- (encourage); -en(threaten) - Động từ cấu tạo thêm số phụ tố vào tính từ: en- (enlarge); -en (widen);