UNIT 6-THE ENVIRONMENT - as, because, since (conj.): vì, bởi vì, đứng đầu mệnh đề chỉ nguyên nhân. - as, because, since có thể dùng ở đầu câu hoặc giữa câu. Tuy nhiên because được dùng ở giữa câu hơn. II/ ADJECTIVE + THAT CLAUSE “that”: vì, là, rằng được dùng để giới thiệu mệnh đề đứng liền sau nó là một tính từ diễn đạt phản ứng của nhân vật đối với sự kiện, hoặc gợi ý, đưa ra ý tưởng quan trọng, hoặc cấp bách. Trong thể thân mật “that” có thể được loại đi sau tính từ. I/ ADVERB CLAUSE OF REASON (AS, BECAUSE, SINCE) *Các tính từ đứng trước “that”: - glad: vui sướng - surprised: ngạc nhiên - anxious: lo lắng - obvious: hiển nhiên - funny: buồn cười - afraid: sợ - angry: giận dữ - disappointed:thất vọng - happy: vui vẻ, vui sướng - hopeful: hy vọng - important: quan trọng - pleased: hài lòng - sad: buồn - sorry: hối tiếc III/ CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN) 1. Conditional sentences type 1: Diễn tả sự kiện có thể xảy ra ở tương lai IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE If + s + simple present + o, Nếu ………. s + shall/will, can, may, must, have/has to, should + v1 + o. thì ………………… 2. Conditional sentences type 2:diễn tả hành đông, sự kiện khó có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE If + s + past subjunctive (V2/ed / were) + o, Nếu ………. s + would, could, might, had to + v1 + o. thì ………………… 3. Conditional sentences type 3:diễn tả hành đông, sự kiện khó có thể xảy ra ở qúa khứ. IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE If + s + had V3/ed + o, Nếu ………. s + would, could, might, had to + have + V3/ed + o. thì ………………… *Examples 1. If she had studied hard, she would have passed her exam. 2. If I had known that you were in hospital, I (visit ) ……………. you. 3. I shouldn’t have believed it if I (not see) …… ……….with my own eyes. 4. If you (arrive)…………… ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat. EX: 1. If you don’t study hard, you will fail in the exam. => Unless you study hard, you will fail in the exam. *Notes: trong câu ĐK ta cũng có thể thay thế liên từ “IF” bằng “UNLESS” (NẾU KHÔNG, TRỪ KHI). UNLESS = IF NOT 2. If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster. => Unless we had more rain, our crops wouldn’t grow faster. 3. If I won a big price in a lottery. I would build a school for poor students. => …………………………………………………………. EXERCISE 1: CHOOSE A,B, C, OR D TO COMPLETE THE SENTENCES * EXERCISES: 1. This newspaper is ……. every day, it’s a daily newpaper. A. publishing B. published C. publish D. to publish 2. He shouted and looked ………… at me when I broke the vase. A. angry B. angrier C. angrily 3. He is tired …… he stayed up late watching TV. A. so B. because C. but D. and 4. We are talking about the preservation of ……resources. A. natural B. naturally C. nature D. naturalize 7. They made their living by ……… fish in the ocean every day. A. catch B. catching C. to catch D. caught 5. Is he really ………… that you can’t come there? A. disappointed B. disappoint C. disappointing D. to disappoint 6. Everyone must take part in ………. deforestaion. A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected 9.If you know where she lives, please let’s me ……… A. know B. knew C. to know D. known 8. I will be …………. if he sells the motorbike at a high price. A. surprise B. surprised C. surprising D. to surprise 10. If he …… a student, he will get a discount. A. is B. was C. were D. will be 11. If you like this book, I will give it ……… you as my present. A. for B. from C. at D. to 12. If you live in this small town, you………. earn much money. A. aren’t B. couldn’t C. can’t D. didn’t 14. If the weather gets worse, the children ………. school for some days. A. don’t have B. won’t have C. wouldn’t have 13. If people drive their cars ……… , they won’t get hurt themselves and others. A. careful B. carefully C. careless 15. if she ………. enough money, she will buy her son a bike. A. earn B. will earn C. earns 16. There is more pollution in the city …… there is more traffic in the streets, A. and B. because C. but 17. We didn’t go to the movie last night …… it rained so heavily. A. and B. but C. as 18. The bus doesn’t stop ………… it is full of passengers. A. since B. but C. and 19. Children should drink milk ……… it’s good for their health. A. and B. as C. but 20. ……. it got too dark, the students couldn’t find the way out of the forest. A. As B. When C. And 21. if we became rich, we …………… around the world. A. will travel B. would travel C. traveled [...]... off, turn on, look for, look after, go on III/ MAKE SUGGESTIONS: Suggest + V-ing; suggest (that) + S + should + V1 + O EXERCISE 1: COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT CONNECTIVES: 1 Mrs Quyen bought corn, potatoes……… Cabbages at the market 2 I’d love to play football …………… I have to finish my homework 3 Nam got wet ………… he fogot his umbrella 4 Hoa fail her English test ……, she has to done it again... her homework before she goes to bed 8 He was tired, ………he took a rest before continuing the work 9 After coming home, she clean the floor ……… cooking 10 They didn’t understand the exercises; ………, they didn’t ask for help 11.I like Mary very much ………… I don’t like her brother 12 We can’t go out tonight………… we are short of money 13 It’s raining heavily, ……… I can’t go out 14 She enjoys learning English... EXERCISE 2: REWRITE THE SENTENCES 1.It is raining, so we decided to postpone our camping ⇒ Since…………………………………………………………… 2 She wants me to sing a song ⇒She suggests I 3 He couldn’t join us because he was busy ⇒He was busy, so 4 Shall we go to the cinema tonight? ⇒What/ How about 5 They requested us to leave the place at once ⇒They suggested we 6 I stay at home because it is raining... cheaper 6 If the farmers don’t need more land, they (not destroy) ………… the forest 7 If people keep the environment clean, they (be) ……… heathier 8 I (not do) ………… that if I (be)……… you 9 She would come to see you if she (have) ………… your address 10 If people (use) ……… electricity to catch fish, the local authorities will fine them because that is prohibited UNIT 7- ENERGY I/CONNECTIVES: and, but, because,... they ……… the bus this morning A wouldn’t miss B won’t meet C didn’t meet 24 If there were flying saucers, we ……… their traces A See B saw C could see 25 If I …………… enough time, I would watch that cartoon again A have B will have C had EXERCISE 2: GIVE THE CORRECT FORM OF THESE VERBS 1 If he (have) ……… free time, he would go swimming 2 If I had much money, I (buy) ………… a new house 3 He (write) …… to . has to done it again. UNIT 7- ENERGY I/CONNECTIVES: and, but, because, or, so, therefore, however II/ PHRASAL VERBS: turn off, turn on, look for, look after, go on III/ MAKE SUGGESTIONS: Suggest. won’t get hurt themselves and others. A. careful B. carefully C. careless 15. if she ………. enough money, she will buy her son a bike. A. earn B. will earn C. earns 16. There is more pollution. important: quan trọng - pleased: hài lòng - sad: buồn - sorry: hối tiếc III/ CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN) 1. Conditional sentences type 1: Diễn tả sự kiện có thể xảy ra ở tương lai IF CLAUSE