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1. His duty is to design the architecture complex together with his partners. The underlined phrase is used as _____. A. prepositional phrase used as a complement B. infinitive phrase used as a complement C. prepositional phrase used as a modifier D. infinitive phrase used as a modifier 2. “The wind may be strong enough to overturn a building ,or even to lift a very light building off its foundation”. The underline phrase is used as_______________. A. a subjective complement B. an object C. an adverb to modify the adjective D. a modifier of purpose
HCMUARC-KT09 Ms LY 1 EXERCISES FOR UNIT 10 REVISION Exercise 1: Identify the kind and function of the underlined phrase 1. His duty is to design the architecture complex together with his partners. The underlined phrase is used as _____. A. prepositional phrase used as a complement B. infinitive phrase used as a complement C. prepositional phrase used as a modifier D. infinitive phrase used as a modifier 2. “The wind may be strong enough to overturn a building ,or even to lift a very light building off its foundation”. The underline phrase is used as_______________. A. a subjective complement B. an object C. an adverb to modify the adjective D. a modifier of purpose 3. The purpose of this method is reducing time spent on building operations”. The underlined phrase is used as______________. A. a subject B. a subjective complement C. an object D. a direct object 4. The engineers were ready at the temporary office. The underlined phrase is used as_____________. A. prepositional phrase used as a modifier of adjective B. prepositional phrase used as a modifier of verb C. prepositional phrase used as a modifier of noun D. prepositional phrase used as a complement 5. April 30th being a holiday, the offices are all closed. The underlined phrase is used as_____________. A. a noun phrase B. movable participle C. nominative absolute D. gerund phrase used as a subject 6. Having been weakened by successive storms, the bridge was no long safe. A. movable participle B. gerund phrase used as a subject C. a noun phrase D. A & B are correct 7. Working a ten-hour day for four days, we can have a long weekend. A. movable participle B. gerund phrase C. dangling participles D. nominative absolute 8. The smiling Mona Lisa is on display in the Louver in Paris. A. the participle as adjective B. gerund phrase C. compound noun D. all of them are correct 9. I need a pair of walking -shoes. A. the participle as adjective B. gerund phrase C. compound noun D. all of them are correct 10. Wright designed many original public buildings, using interesting unusual materials. A. a noun phrase B. a gerund phrase C. a movable participle phrase D. a nominative absolute phrase Exercise 2: Indicate whether each of these groups of words is A. infinitive phrase B. gerund phrase C. participial phrase 1. There are many pressures and stresses that come with being a student in a foreign country. 2. Dealing with a different language and culture, foreign students have additional difficulties in passing their courses. HCMUARC-KT09 Ms LY 2 3. To understand their lessons, foreign students generally need twice as much time studying as their native classmates. 4. Being away from their families and friends makes it difficult for foreign students to concentrate. 5. Eating different foods and being exposed to different viruses often causes illness among foreign students. 6. When a situation becomes too serious, try making a joke. 7. Often said to be the best medicine, laughter can improve a stressful situation. 8. Putting on music can also calm you when you feel overwhelmed . 9. Changing the environment, music can soothe your nervous tension. 10. Physical symptoms like rapid heartbeat and muscle tension can be reduced by breathing deeply through your nose and exhaling (to exhale) through your mouth. 11. Eating several meals during the day helps your energy level up. 12. Two habits, getting enough sleep and eating healthy foods, are critical for stress management. Exercise 3: Indicate whether each of these groups of words is A. Prepositional phrase B. infinitive phrase C. Gerund phrase D. Participial phrase E. Noun phrase 1. Physical planning document with a strong emphasis on spatial planning of the city. 2. All plans need the ratification of government and agreement from specific official organizations. 3. Expansion of the urban economy places increased burdens on transport system, water supply, and power supply…. 4. Problems of the General plan impact on the other plans lower down in the hierarchy of urban management. 5. The city is a “production center” with social and economic targets to guide the allocation of resources by the Stage. 6. Population levels outstrip predicted levels leading to major difficulties in housing and social sector. 7. Usually cover periods of 25-30years with five-year reviews. 8. Excessive spatial expansion of the urban areas into the green/agricultural areas on the urban/ rural fringe. 9. Inappropriate location of industries in areas where this use adversely affects the local environment (e.g. Industries adjacent to the waterways). 10. Need for frequent corrections and changes to General plan to reflect urban development, which has already occurred and yet not shown on these plans when such development happens. GERUND OR INFINITIVE Exercise 4: Choose the correct form ( full infinitive or gerund) of the verb in each sentence: 1. We hope (visit) Moscow on our next trip. 2. John avoided ( speak) to the teacher about it . 3 Mr. Foster definitely needs (buy) an overcoat. 4. The Andersons enjoyed ( go) to that play. 5. He demanded (see) the report immediately. 6. My friend says he plans (study) French next year. 7. Bill doesn’t wish (reveal) his plan to us yet. 8. Have you finish (read) that new novel yet ?. 9. We would appreciate (receive) your answer promptly. 10. I expect (receive) an answer from the Browns soon. 11. I really can’t postpone (tell) them any longer. 12. Why did they refuse (give) you the information. ? HCMUARC-KT09 Ms LY 3 13. How can anyone resist (like) that charming girl? 14. The police failed (notify ) the man’s relatives of the accident. 15. She pretends (understand) everything clearly . 16. He seems (know) a great deal about that subject. 17. Did you forget (give) Mr. Simmon that message?. 18. The children promised not (do) that part of the lesson any more. 19. Why don’t you offer (help) him with that work ?. 20. Miss William tends (exaggerate) things a great deal. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES Exercise 5: *Choose the best completion 1. The sky was grey and cloudy. ___________ , we went to the beach. A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Even though D. In spite of 2. I turned on the fan ___________ the room was hot. A. due to B. despite C. even though D. because 3. Sam and I will meet you at the restaurant tonight. ___________ we can find a baby-sitter. A. although B. unless C. otherwise D. only if 4. Carol showed up for the meeting ___________ I asked her not to be there. A. even though B. despite C. provided that D. because 5. You must lend me the money for the trip. ___________ , I won’t be able to go. A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Otherwise D. Although 6. The road will remain safe ___________ the flood washes out the bridge A. as long as B. unless C. provided that D. since 7. The roles of men and women were not the same in ancient Greece. For example, men were both participants and spectators in the ancient Olympics. Women, ___________ , were forbidden to attend or participate. A. nevertheless B. on the other hand C. therefore D. otherwise 8. The windows were all left open. ________ , the room was a real mess after the windstorm. A. Nevertheless B. However C. Consequently D. Otherwise 9. _______ I can’t make the presentation myself, I’ve asked my assistant to be prepared to do it for me. A. For B. In the event that C. Only if D. On the other hand 10. It looks like they are ‘s going to succeed ___________ their present difficulties. A. despite B. because of C. even though D. yet 11. ______Marge is an honest person, I still wonder whether she’s telling the truth about the incident. A. In spite of B. Since C. Though D. In the event that 12. The professor told me that I was doing well, ___________ my final grade was awful ! A. so B. therefore C. in spite of D. yet 13. ___________ Beth has a new car, she no longer takes the commuter train to work. She drives to work every day. A. Now that B. While C. Although D. In case 14. You’d better give me your answer quickly, _______I’ll withdraw the invitation. A. although B. nevertheless C. even though D. or else 15. I have to go to the meeting ___________ I want to or not. A. provided that B. whether C. even if D. only if 16. What time do you expect Ted to be home ? I must talk to him. I usually go to bed around ten, but tell him to call me tonight ___________ it’s past midnight. A. however B. in case C. even if D. as long as HCMUARC-KT09 Ms LY 4 17. ________ you’re going to the fruit market, would you please pick up a few apples for me? A. Even if B. Although C. So D. As long as 18. I guess I’m a soft touch. I just lent Jane some money for lunch ___________ she never paid me back my last loan. A. even though B. unless C. or else D. only if 19. I think I did okay in my speech last night _________ I’d had almost no sleep for 24 hours. A. even B. in spite of C. unless D. despite the fact that 20. I asked Angela to run the office while I’m going __________ I know I can depend on her. A. unless B. since C. although D. therefore Exercise 6: Further reading When we build, let it not be for present use alone. Let it be such work as our descendants will thank us for. Jon Ruskin, English philosopher Relative to today’s basic programs, the outcomes collectively prescribe a substantially greater depth and breadth of knowledge, skill, and attitudes required of an individual aspiring to the practice of civil engineering at the professional level (licensure) in the 21st century. The 21st century civil engineer must demonstrate: 1. an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering. 2. an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as analyze and interpret data. 3. an ability to design a system, component or process to meet desired needs. 4. an ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams. 5. an ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems. 6. an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility. 7. an ability to communicate effectively. 8. the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global and societal context. 9. a recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in, life-long learning. 10. a knowledge of contemporary issues. 11. an ability to understand the techniques, skills and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice. 12. an ability to apply knowledge in a specialized area related to civil engineering. 13. an understanding of the elements of project management, construction, and asset management. 14. an understanding of business and public policy and administration fundamentals. 15. an understanding of the role of the leader and leader-ship principles and attitudes. Knowledge and skill, while necessary, are not sufficient to be a fully functioning professional civil engineer. A civil engineer’s attitude, that is, the manner in which he or she approaches his or her work, will determine how effectively he or she uses hard-earned knowledge and skills. Accordingly, attitudes are an essential part of the BOK (body of knowledge). The end . HCMUARC-KT09 Ms LY 1 EXERCISES FOR UNIT 10 REVISION Exercise 1: Identify the kind and function of the underlined phrase 1. His duty