CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ( Câu điều kiện) A. Kinds of conditional sentences: I. Type 1: (Real conditional sentences). a. Khẳng định Ex1: If I have time, I will visit you If + S1 + V 1 s/ es , S2 + will / shall (not) + V 0 b. Phủ định: Ex2: If you don’t study, you won’t pass your exam If + S1 + don’t / doesn’t + V 1 , S2 + will / shall (not) + V 0 II. Type 2: (Present unreal conditional sentences ). 1. Tobe: ( were) sử dụng cho tất cả các ngôi( I, you, we, they, he, she, it) Ex1: If today were Saturday , I could go to the beach would If + S1 + were , S2 + should + V 0 (not) could might (not) Ex2: If I had time , I would write you a letter. Ex3: If she didn’t speak so quickly , I could understand her. would If + S1 + V 2 ed , S2 + should + V 0 didn’t + V 1 could might (not) III. Type 3: (Past unreal conditional sentences ). Ex1: If I hadn’t lost my way, I would have arrived sooner. would If + S1 + had + V 3 ed , S2 + should + have + V 3/ ed (not) could might (not) Note: - Trong cõu k, ta cú th thay IF not = Unless ( nu khụng, tr phi) Ex1: If you dont study hard, you will fail in the exam. = Unless you study hard, you will fail in the exam. Ex2: If she doesnt water these trees, they will die = Unless she water these trees, they will die. - Khi o ngc ( inversion) mnh IF thỡ ta b IF i trong cõu k loi 2, 3 v a WERE, DID, HAD ra u cõu. Ex1: If I were younger, I would play tennis. = Were I younger,I would play tennis. Ex2: If he worked so hard, he would succeed. = Did he work so hard, he would succeed. Ex3: If he had studied hard, he would have passed his exam. = Had he studied hard, he would have passed his exam. - Provided ( that) / providing ( that), On condition (that )( với điều kiện là) , As long as, so long as (miễn là, với điều kiện là), Suppose, supposing ( giả sử nh ), In case ( trong trờng hợp), Even if ( ngay cả khi, dù cho dùng để chỉ sự tơng phản hay nhấn mạnh), có thể dùng thay cho If trong câu điều kiện. Ex1: Supposing it rains, what will you do ? Ex2: Ill accept your invitation provided you go with me. Ex3: Even if he goes to bed early, he always wakes up late . EXERCISE: Conditional sentences: type I 1. If I see him I (give)_____ him a lift. 2. The table will collapse if you (stand) _______on it. 3. If he (eat)_____ all that he will be ill. 4. If I find your passport I (telephone)_______ you at once. 5. The police (arrest) him if they catch him. 6. If he (read) in bad light he will ruin his eyes. 7. Someone (steal)______ your car if you leave it unlocked. 8. If he (wash)_______ my car I'll give him Ј10. 9. If you (not go)_______ away I'll send for the police. 10. I'll be very angry if he (make)__________ any more mistakes. 11. If he (be) _________late we'll go without him. 12. She will be absolutely furious if she (hear)_______ about this. 13. If you put on the kettle I (make)________ the tea. 14. If you give my dog a bone he (bury) ______it at once. 15. If we leave the car here it (not be) _______in anybody's way. 16. He'll be late for the train if he (not start)_______ at once. 17. If you come late they (not let) __________you in. 18. If he (go) _______on telling lies nobody will believe a word he says. 19. Unless he (sell)_________ more he won't get much commission. 20. We'll have to move upstairs if the river (rise) ________any higher. 21. If the house (burn)__________ down we can claim compensation. 22. Unless you are more careful you (have) ________an accident. 23. If you will kindly sit down, I (make)________ enquiries for you. 24. She won't open the door unless she (know)__________ who it is. Conditional sentences: type II 1. If I (know) _____________his address I'd give it to you. 2. He (look)_______ a lot better if he shaved more often. 3. If you (play) __________for lower stakes you wouldn't lose so much. 4. If he worked more slowly he (not make) _________so many mistakes. 5. I shouldn't drink that wine if I (be) ___________you. 6. More tourists would come to this country if it (have)_______ a better climate. 7. I (buy) ________shares in that company if I had some money. 8. If he (clean) _________his windscreen he'd be able to see where he was going. 9. If you (not belong) _________to a union you couldn't get a job. 10.If I (win)__________ a big prize in a lottery I'd give up my job. 11.I could tell you what this means if I (know) _________Greek. 12.If everybody (give) _________Ј1 we would have enough. 13.He might get fat if he (stop)________ smoking. 14.If he knew that it was dangerous he (not come)___________. 15.I (be)__________ ruined if I bought her everything she asked for. 16. I could get a job easily if I (have)___________ a degree. 17.If she (do)___________ her hair differently she might look quite nice. 18.If we had more rain our crops (grow)_________ faster. 19.I (keep) ___________a horse if I could afford it. ' 20.I'd go and see him more often if he (live) _________on a bus route. 21.If you (paint)__________ the walls white the room would be much brighter. Conditional sentences: type III 1. If I had known that you were in hospital I (visit)________ you. 2. If you (arrive) _________ten minutes earlier you would have got a seat. 3. You would have seen my garden at its best if you (be) ________here last week. 4. If he had slipped he (fall)_________ 500 metres. 5. If I (had)________ a map I would have been all right. 6. If I (know) __________that you were coming I'd have baked a cake. 7. If you had left that wasp alone it (not sting)__________ you. 8. If you (not sneeze) _________he wouldn't have known that we were there. 9. If you (put)______ some mustard in the sandwiches they would have tasted better. 10.If he had known that the river was dangerous he (not try)_____ to swim across it. 11.If he had known the whole story he (not be)_______ so angry. 12.I shouldn't have eaten it if I (know)________ that there was ginger in it. 13.You (not get)________ into trouble if you had obeyed my instructions. 14.If I (be) ________ready when he called he would have taken me with him. 15.He would have been arrested if he (try) _______to leave the country. 16.They would have forced their way into the house if I (not call)_______ for help. Conditional sentences: mixed types 1. If you pass your examination we (have) ______a celebration. 2. I should have voted for her if I (have)_________ a vote then. 3. The flight may be cancelled if the fog (get)_______ thick. 4. You would play better bridge if you (not talk)________ so much. 5. I could repair the roof myself if I (have) _________a long ladder. 6. Unless they turn that radio off I (go) ________mad. 7. We'll have a long way to walk if we (run) _________out of petrol here. 8. I'll probably get lost unless he (come)________ with me. 9. If you (wear)_______ a false beard nobody would have recognized you. 10.If she (leave) ________the fish there the car will get it. 11.I (bring) _______you some beer if I had known that you were thirsty. 12.I (not buy)_________ things on the installment system if I were you. 13.You (not be) _________any use to me unless you learn to type. 14.If anyone attacked me, my dog (jump) _________at his throat. 15.The ship would have run aground if the pilot (make) _______one mistake. Circle the best answer to fill each of bank. 1. If I were you , I … a new car A. will buy B . bought C. would buy D. buy 2. If I had time, I … to the heach with you this weekend A. would go B. will go C. would have gone D. will have gone 3. I’ll send you the information if you … me address A. tell B. told C. will tell D . have told 4. what … happen if there were no plants on easth ? A. will B. would C. could D. did 5. if Hoa had had a rain coat, he … a cold A. didn’t catch B. would have caught C. wouldn’t have catch D. wouldn’t have caught 6. If John … a map he wouldn’t have lost the way A. have had B. had C. had had D. would have 7. If Mary … a fluent English , she would have got a good job A. speak B. had spoken C. spoke D. was speaking 8. If you keep on playing gams on computer , I would send it A B C D 9. If I see the sight , I could tell you about that A B C D 10. If I learn harder , I … pass the final exam A. should B. will C. could D. would 11. We would save thousancls of live if … the remedy for the flu A. we had not fount out B. we found C. we find out D. we will find 13. If I finish the work on time , I … to the footbale game A. would go B . will go C. would have gone D. go 14. If I had told them the truth, they … him A. would have punished B. will not have punished C. will not punish D. would not punish 15. Had he driven more carefully, he … fewer accident A. had had B. would have had C. will have D. would have 16. Did I have a degree, I… a job easily A. will get B. would get C. would have got D. got 17. If it … tomorrow, I shall stay at home A. rains B . rain C. had rained D. rained 18. Did she have more peactice, she… speak English A. will B. would C. will have D. would have 19. If she … this company , she would make a lot of changes A. runs B. has run C. in running D. ran 20. If she hadn’t lost her ticket, she … so upset now A. won’t be B. wasn’t C. hadn’t been D. wouldn’t have been 21. If we … about the film , we would have gone to see it A. know B. knew C. have know D. had known 22. If there isn’t enough rain, the hydropower station can not operate. A. When there isn’t enough rain, the hydropower station can operate. B. Unless there is enough rain, the hydropower station can operate. C. Unless there isn’t enough rain, the hydropower station can not operate. D. Unless there is enough rain, the hydropower station can’t operate. 23. If we can’t prevent it in advance, the hurrican will destroy the coastal towns. A. Unless we can prevent it in advance, the hurrican will destroy the coastal towns. B. Unless we can prevent it in advance, the hurrican won’t destroy the coastal towns. C. Unless we can’t prevent it in advance, the hurrican won’t destroy the coastal towns. D. When we can’t prevent it in advance, the hurrican won’t destroy the coastal towns. 24. I don’t have enough money with me now; otherwise I will buy that coat. A. If I didn’t have enough money with me now, I would buy that coat. B. If I had enough money with me now, I would buy that coat. C. If I had enough money with me now, I wouldn’t buy that coat. D. If I didn’t have enough money with me now, I wouldn’t buy that coat. 25. It’s raining and they can’t go camping in the mountain. A. If it was raining, they could go camping in the mountain. B. If it isn’t raining, they could go camping in the mountain. C. If it wasn’t raining, they could go camping in the mountain. D. If it is raining, they could go camping in the mountain 26. I didn’t have an umbrella with me, so I got wet. A. If I had had an umbrella, I wouldn’t have got wet. B. If I had had an umbrella, I would have got wet C. If I had had an umbrella, I wouldn’t get wet. D. If I had had an umbrella, I would get wet . CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ( Câu điều kiện) A. Kinds of conditional sentences: I. Type 1: (Real conditional sentences). a. Khẳng định Ex1: If I have. If + S1 + don’t / doesn’t + V 1 , S2 + will / shall (not) + V 0 II. Type 2: (Present unreal conditional sentences ). 1. Tobe: ( were) sử dụng cho tất cả các ngôi( I, you, we, they, he, she,. + S1 + V 2 ed , S2 + should + V 0 didn’t + V 1 could might (not) III. Type 3: (Past unreal conditional sentences ). Ex1: If I hadn’t lost my way, I would have arrived sooner. would If