Ting quan in ASP.NET MVC Framework CHISCING 1. TONG QUAN VE ASP.NET MVC FRAMEWORK 1.1. Gild thilu ve m8 hit& MVC Khi cac phan mem ing dung ngly cing phat trim lin manh vi da dang thi vin 41 thilt Ice kiln tnic cho plain mem cans trb non phis tap han. Nhftng ling dung web gib day cuing di phat then den mOt tam cao mei, ching khang con la nhOng img cb,mg web thong thuirng vii chic riling hien thi thong tin mi la thong he thong thong tin h6 trq nhftng tang web tuong tic v6i ngutri ding. Nhieu giii phap thiet ke kik tnic he thong duqc dui ra vii muc Bich lam cho he thong linh hoot, mem deo, de phat trien vi ten tai lAu dal. Trong do, giai phip thiet Ice theo m8 hInh kiln tic MVC dtrqc Trygve Reenskaug de xuAt vao nhftng niim 70 curt the ky 20 to ra rat hieu quit. M8 hInh MVC (Model - View - Controller, Hirsh 1.1) la mOt kiln frac phial mem hay m8 hinh thiet ke duqc sir dung tong ky thuit phan mem. N6 ginp cho cac nha phat trier tack *rig dung cis hp ra thanh 3 phan khic nhau Model, View vit Controller. Mil thinh phin co mOt nhiem vu rieng bier va dOc yeti cac thimh phan khic. LLL Ctic thank phlin cia MVC View S Controller Model !link 1.1 Me hinh MVC Model Day 11 thanh phan chive tit ca cac nghiep vu logic, phuong thftc xir ly, truy xuat database, ded ft:mg m8 to dft lieu nhu cac Class, him xir1y View Dim nhan vier hien °tilting tin, Wong tic veri nguM ding. Controller Gift nhiem vu nh$n diet' huing cac you cau tft nguiri ding vi goi ding nhftng phuang thirc xi lt chimg. 11/971 HI thong bin tour du Lich tryt tuyin I  Yaw  I ICI  I Mad Ars I I Tang quan vi ASP.NET MVC Framework LL2. Hoot Ong cdo m6 hind MVC Diy 1>1 mOt each dun giro (HInh 1.2) di m6 tit lai luhng sq lden duqc xfr trong MVC: - User ttumg tic v6i View, bing citch click vio button, user girl yeu au di. - Controller thin vi (lieu huang chtmg den dung pinning thirc xir lt 6 Model. - Model nh$n thong tin vi thqc thi cic you au. - Khi Model hoin tit vi.c xir it, View se nh$n ket qui M Model vi hien thi lei cho ngubi dung. Ifinh 1.2 Quy trinh how dOng aia m6 hinh MVC L L3. Os memo& taupe ttlim cola MVC 4 , has Sm: The hichi tinh chuyen nghiep trong lip trinh, phis tick thiet ke. Do duqc chin thbh cic thanh phin doc lop nen gulp phis trier img dor% nhanh, don gitin, de fling cep, bio 12/97 I Elf thong bin tour du lfch trim tuyin Tang quan vi ASP.NET MVC Framework 49 Nktnyc tam: Doi veal dg an nh6 v . ** ap dung m8 hinh MVC gay ding kenh, tan thin gian trong qua trinh phitt trier. Tan thbi gian trung chuyin di lieu glut clic thanh phin. 1.2. GM tbilu vi ASP.NET ASP.NET la mOt nin tang ph& then img dung web (web application framework) dugs phat tan va cung cep WA Microsoft, cho phis') nhftng ngubi lop trInh too ra nheng trang web Ong, nheng img dung web va nhing djch vu web Lin diu den dugc dua ra thi trubng vac* thing 2 Mtn 2002 can vgi phi& ban 1.0 ctla .NET framework, la gong nghe n6i tiep ciut Microsoft Active Server Pages(ASP). ASP.NET dugc bier djch duel ding Common Language Runtime (CLR), cho phep nheng ngubi 11p trinh viet ma ASP.NET yen bit 10 nem net Mo duct ha trg bgi .NET language. 1.3. ASP.NET WebForm truyin thong ASP.NET la mOt buck nhity vqt khi lin diu xuit hien, nhim thu hgp khoang catch gift phitt trier Window Form huOng dai tugng (c6 trang thai) Ara phat tan web huOng HTML (khong tang Hirsh 1.3 dual diy minh boa c8ng nghe ASP.NET Webform ASP.NET Web Forms A MANI mom ponsats (poen, butons. a.) plus a 'OSA objutothensd pregansins model ASP.NET A way to hoe .NET **Mambas la NI  web sew product), MS you Inflict sib IMP mats ard response MET A  codapYtlarm (bnandasw at die time-o Yet Irk In lb own right) Ilink 1.3 Con nghe ASP.NET WebForm Vgi Web Forms, Microsoft di c6 in di HTTP va HTML bang cach m8 phgng giao dien ngubi dung nhulti mOt d6i tugng dilo khan (Control) c6 ciu trac hoot dOng phis Server. Mai &Si tugng diiu lchien (Control) theo doi trang thiti cite no th8ng qua cac you au (sir dung tinh nAng ViewState), bieu then bing chc ml HTML khi can thiet. Ninth ra, ng con to dOng lc& ntai citc sty kien phis Client (nhtr sit kien bim button) ten cac sly kien phis Server dugs xt1 15, Mang (mg. Thuc te, Web Forms lit mOt 16p trUu tugng lcheng 16 dugc thiet key de cung cep giao dien co xir sit kien th6ng qua Web. 13/97 I HI thong bin tour du lids traps tuyin Ting quan vi ASP.NET MVC Framework Nheng aim ban chi cilia ASP.NET Web Forms — ASP.NET Web Forms truyen thong tong lit mOt tutng rit t6t, nhung thvc to lai phit sink nheng dieu phirc tap khic. Theo thin gian, vile se dung ASP.NET Web Forms di neu bet 16n mOt se thieu set; — ViewState: Co the duy tri bang thii thing qua cic yeu ciu (request) thubng mang lai ket qui la nhftng kh6i Ku:mg km de lieu duqc chuyen giao gift client va server. De lieu nay c6 the len den hang trim Kbs 6 mOt irng dung web yea phii, va n6 di qua loi yeti bit kir yeu ciu nio. Dieu nay lam chi= di then gian chit phin h6i va lim tang nhu ciu Wing thong ctia server; — Page life cycle (Chu irk ten Au cea mOt tang web): Li cc the kit n6i sv kiln phis client yeti mi xu 19 sv kiln phis server. N6 phirc top va a bi phi ver, — Y thec sal ye vile tich bilt cic thimh phin: Me hinh code-behind clot ASP.NET cung clip meat giiti phip cho phep itng dtmg dua code ra khei cic clang HTML vao thinh mOt 16p code-behind rieng bolt. Dieu nay duqc hoan nghenh rOng ran yeti vile tech bill giao dien yeti  xir 1St. Nhtmg thvc te, nheng nha phit trien duqc khuyen khfch pha trOn mi giao dien yeti mi xb ljr 1mg dung (nhu la xi: 15f CSDL) tong nheng 16p code-behind khing 16. Neu lcheng c6 sv tech biet gift cic thimh phin, ket qui culi cimg c6 the rot kh6 hieu; — Limited control over HTML (giiri han hem soit HTML): Server control tv tao ra cic ml HTML, nhung khong phii la mi HTML ma ta mong dqi. Ngoai vile mi HTML ctia thing thubng kh8ng twin theo lieu chuim web hole lcheng sir dung t6t CSS ma he thong cic server control can too ra cic gii tri ID phirc tap vi kh8ng doin three duqc, lim lch6 khin tong vile sir dung JavaScript; — Khi fling Idem the thlip: Cic nbi thiet ke cis ASP.NET kheng the dv doin ring kiem the tv dOng se to dulnh mOt phin tit yeu cea ?CU huong phat trien phin mem. Kheng ngoc nhien khi lden true chit chi ma hp thiet ke la kheng phe hqp yeti vile tick hqp ldem the. ASP.NET vlin tip tµc pith tan. Phi& bin 2.0 them mOt thanh phin chuin di giam bat se lucmg code ma chting ta cin phil tv viet. Vol phien bin gin Whit ASP.NET 4.5, mqi the di duqc ning cop ding ke. Phien bin ASP.NET 4.5 di ip dung mOt s6 tinh Kiang dui ASP.NET MVC vao Web Forms. Tuy v$y, van con mOt han chi ten ton ben trong no. 14/97 1 HI thong bin tour du lfch tryc tuyin Tong quan vi ASP.NET MVC Framework 1.4. ASP.NET MVC Framework Nhu di giei thieu 6 plain truck, mo5 hinh MVC v6i tru diem ctla minh dit duqc (rug ding trong met so the framework. Trong d6 phii ki den ASP.NET MVC, met framework ma ngu6n me mei, ay ding tren ASP.NET . ASP.NET MVC Framework duqc thvc thi tren m6 hinh model—view—controller (MVC). N6 gqn nap, de clang him di* phin giao dien, tich hop cac tinh :tang elm ASP.NET . MVC Framework duqc djnh nghla trong namespace System.Web.Mvc vat lit met phitn cua Wiling gian ten System.Web. 1.4.1. Ngudn gic Tuy cling nghe ASP.NET MVC mai duqc phis thin nhung n6 c6 ljch sir lk dot Nen tang MVC duqc pith minh bin Trygve Renskaug, Ong di vitt trang giiy diu tien nOi ve MVC vio Mm 1978. Ban diu ne dirge Eli 11 Thing Model View Editor pattern, nhung sau de n6 duqc dot ten lai 11 Model View Controller pattern. ASP.NET MVC llin diu lien suit hien d6 1:1 trong dtr in mil ngu6n me MonoRail. Ngu6n geoc th$t sv de cho ra din cling nghe Microsoft ASP.NET MVC 11 do Scott Guthrie (mOt trong nhttng nhit sang too ra ASP.NET ) tren chuyen bay den Austin, Texas de nOi vi hOi thito Alt.NET vio thing 10-2007. Phien bin ASP.NET MVC 1.0 dirge ra d6i vio nilm 2009. 1.4.2. Cdc thank pun cc ban caa ASP.NET MVC IP ASP.NET MVC Framework Rink 1.4 Ccic thank pidm co bin ctia ASP.NET MVC Models: Cac d6i tuqng Models lit met phlin ctla img dung, cac d6i tuqng My thiet lOp logic cita phin de lieu cUa itng ding. Thong thutmg, the d6i tuqng model liy vi ltm tang thii mkt model trong CSDL. VI dv nhu, met d61 tuqng Product (sin ph1m) se lAy dit lieu ttY CSDL, thao tic ton de lieu vit se cep nhet da lieu tit lai vie bang Products 6 SQL Server. 15/971 HO thong bin tour du ljch trot tuyin Tang quan vi ASP.NET MVC Framework Views: Views la cic thinh phin ding de hien thj giao dien ngutri ding (UI). ThBng thutmg, view dupe to dtra vao th8ng tin de lieu Models. Vi du nhu, view ding de cep nh#t bing Products se hien thi cic hOp von ban, drop-down list, vi cic check box dua ten tang thii hien tai cis mOt d6i taco% Product. Controllers: Controller lit cic thimh plain dung de quin 19 tuang tic ngutri dung, lam viec yell model vi chon view de hien thi giao dien ngutri ding. Trong mOt irng dung MVC, view chi duce ding di hien th1 thong tin, controller chiu trich nhiem quan 19 vit dip tri nOi dung do ngutri ding nhip vtl Wong tic vei ngutri ding. Vi du, controller se quip 19 cic de lieu ngutri ding gel len (query-sting values) vit gfri cic gii tri d6 don model, model se lity de lieu ttl CSDL nhe via cic gii tri thy. M8 hlnh MVC gifip chins to to duqc cic (mg dung ml ching phitn tich rach rdi cic lchfa canh elm ling dung (logic ve nhop lieu, logic xis 19 tic vu vit logic ve giao dien). M8 hinh MVC chi ra mOi loth logic ke ten nen dirge thiep 1#p b diu tren irng dung. Logic giao dien (UI logic) thuOc ve views. Logic nh#p lieu (input logic) thuOc ye controller. VI logic tic vu (Business logic —11 logic xi 19 thong tin, muc dich chinh coo ling dung) thuOc ye model. Su phin chia nay giUp ching to giitm bet ducm str phirc top cis tug dung vit chi t#p trung vio m6i !this cosh cin duce cii Olt 6 moi thbi diem. Vi du nhu citing to chi cin tip trung vim giao dien (views) ma kh8ng phii quan tam den logic xt119 thong tin dm img dung. St: phin tich rach rbi ba thitnh phis mkt (mg dung MVC con &it cho viec 1#p trInh dien ra song song. Vi du nhu met lttp trinh visa Run viec vei view, lop trinh vien thin hth lo th dat logic cis controller vi l‘tp trinh vien this ba co the trung vao logic tic vu cia model tth cling mOt thbi diem. 1.4.3. Qud Dinh hog! qng cia mQt kw Ong ASP.NET MVC Cie giai down thuc hien cia mOt (mg dung ASP.NET MVC duqc trhrh bity duei My: — Nh#n yeu citu diu lien: Trong file Global.asax, the d6i Wong Route duqc them vie RouteTable; — Thyme hien viec djnh tuyen: Module UrlRoutingTable se dung d6i tuqng Route diu lien thich hop hung tip RouteTable de to d6i tucmg RouteData. D6i him nay sau de lei to ra d6i tutyng RequestContext (IHttpContext); — Tao ra trinh xis 19 yeu cow ling dung: D6i Wong MvcRouteHandler too ra mOt the hien dm lop MvcHandler vI truyin vac, no the hien RequestContext; 16/97 I HI thong bin tour du Ijch try tit+ T6ng quan vi ASP.NET MVC Framework - Too ra controller: Cic d6i ttrqng MvcHandler sir dung the hien cis RequestContext a xic djnh dei tuqng IcontrollerFactory qua de to ra the hien controller; - Thuc hien vai trb cis controller. The hien MvcHandler goi phucrng tit Execute ctia controller; - Goi action method: D61 tucmg ControllerActionlnvoker se xic djnh action method cos mOt lap controller de gqi ra. L4.4. Mft sti tusk ming nii b91 cda ASP.NET MVC Framework - Tich bitch cic tic At cita tang dung. - Co khi ning ma rOng (extensible) & khi ning !thing (pluggable). Cic thinh phin cis ASP.NET MVC duqc thiet ke de ching c6 the ductc thay the hoic thy chinh mOt cich di ding. - ASP.NET MVC c6 thinh pit inh xo URL mph me, cho phep cluing to xiy dtmg nheng ang dung c6 cic dill chi URL xfic Lich vi di dm kiem. Cic dia chi URL Icheing clin phii c6 pan ma rOng cis ten tip tin vi duqc thiet ke de h8 trq cic mitt djnh dung ten phi hop vii viec t•Si tm Ma tim lam (URL). - H8 trq the fifth Jiang c6 sin cis ASP.NET nhu ea chi xic that ngubi clung, quin 1St thinh vier, quyin, output caching vi data caching, seession vi profile, quin ljr tinh nag img dung, he th6ng ceu birth_ - Ta ASP.NET MVC 3 con be sung mOt view engine mai lit Razor View Engine cho phep thiet lip cic view nhanh chOng, di ding vi ton it ding sue hart so vai viec su dung Web Forms View Engine. L4.5. Liu dlim - Di ding quin It su phirc top cia ang dung bing cich chia img dung thinh ba thinh phial model, view, controller. - H8 trq tot hon cho m6 With phit men bug dung huffing kiem thin. - He th6ng djnh tuyin munh me. - H8 trq tot cho cic ting dung ducyc ay dung bai nhang dOi cd nhieu lip trinh vier vi thiet ke mi yin quart ljr &Km tinh rang cis (ling dung. - H8 trq nhiang tinh fling tot nhet di c6 a ASP.NET . 1.4.6. Arbirpc diEm - KhOng huang den su lden lint cho cic nlul phit tan ASP.NET webform kh6 khan. 17/971 H, thing bin tour du itch trim tuyin Tong quan ye ASP.NET MVC Framework — Yeu c.Au c6 hieu biet ve HTTP, HTML, CSS vi JavaScript. L4.7. So sdnh gilts ASP.NET webfonn vb ASP.NET MVC Hinh 1.5 ASP.NET WebForm va ASP.NET MVC .Net Framework: ha trq cac loui img dung nhu desktop, web vi the img dung console. ASP.NET framework lit mOt plan ctia .NET framework (Hinh 1.5), duqc xi)/ dung nh&m ha trq cic img dung Web (caching, authentication va authorization). Trong do, Microsoft c6 2 huong phis trios web tren n ✓ n ASP.NET la ASP.NET Webforms vi ASP.NET MVC. Muc dlch ra dbi cint ASP.NET MVC chi 11 str they d6i ve mat to duy, n6 'thong hotin Won thay the cho c6 img dung ASP.NET Web Forms, vi vies chqn htrang silo de xay dung mOt website 11 thy thuOc vio cfc nha pith then. Su kilo biet gifts 2 huOng pilot trim nay duce the hien du6i bang sau. I In!' n inn  I \ I I  \I I \ I \ phip  St) dung cu phip cart  Cic str kiOn duqc dieu khiEn bei tong trinh   webform, tit tic su kien controllers, clic controls lch6ng va controls do server quart do server quan It Debug  Debug chuong trinh phii Debug c6 the sir dung cat unit 18/971M Meng bin tour du Itch twc tuytn Tong quan vi ASP.NET MVC Framework I N I I  ( thcc hien ci bao g c m cic 16rp truy cep dli lieu, sc hien thi, dieu Ichien cic controls/ test ld tra cac phuung thirc tong controller Twang tic vol  KM kW) khan  Thuen lqi javascript 19/97111e th6ng bin tour du ljch trce tuyin Tong quan vi ASP.NET MVC Framework 1.4.8. ladi mo mdi ung dpng ASP.NET MVC Framework KW tao mOt itng dyng MVC Trong bO phin mom Visual Studio 2010 dil c6 sin ASP.NET MVC Framework, to to mOt do an mei theo dubng din sau: File > New Project > Visual C# > Web > ASP.NET MVC Web Application (Mull 1.6). Hirsh 1.6 Kltui tgo ring dyng ASP.NET MVC 20/97 HO thang bin tour du 46 Inrc tuyin [...]... New ASP. NET MVC3 Chung ta ce the chon kieu template la Empty, Internet Application hoc Intranet Application - Empty se nto ra nhang thu muc va tip tin tdi thieu cho ling dung MVC3 - Internet Application se nto ra met ling dung c6 s6 trang mac djnh, cluing ta co the mkt d6i va xay dung tren no - Toy chqn Intranet Application cling tuong ar nhu Internet Application, niumg duqc coca hinh sin de stl dung... diem du thong, cep nhet 13i danh lich maxi sitch diem du ljch MA diem !Chi thong tin diem Thong tin coa diem du du lich du lich thay doi, lich duqc cep nhet vio he ngubi quit It se DDL 02 Admin Neu Tour chug the du lich Admin thong tin ve diem DDLO I thong cep nhet lai thong tin cua Tour Ngubi quin It thvc X6a diem du ljch ra khoi hien x6a diem du he thOng Cep nhet lai lich Chi hit yeu MA diem du lich... diem du lich cciu * uet ke danh sich dia diem du lich • M8 tit yeu ciu: He th6ng hien thi cac thong tin cac diem du lich duqc luu trong CSDL • Clic thong tin cin quitn It: hien tlli clic thong tin ccr ban cos diem du lich •:* Cac thong tin vi diem du lich • M8 ti yeu cliu: He thong hien thi cac thong tin clic diem du lich duqc luu trong CSDL • Cic thong tin cin quin It: o MA tinh/thanh pht• o MA diem du. .. buoy 1 24/971140 thing bin tour du lich tnrc tuyin 7 asp 'ding quan in ASP. NET MVC Framework Tiep then, clam AD0.1VET Entity Data Model, bim Add Hirsh 1.11 Kit nil cast di) lieu bang Entity Framework— Mak 2 Giao dien Bien m nhu ben duel, bim Next Hinh 1.12 Kit nil ca st dl? lieu bibtg Entity Framework 25/97 I H thong bin tour du Ifeh true MAI - buck 3 Tong quan vi ASP. NET MVC Framework ara so mei hien...Tong cinan vi ASP. NET MVC Framework Sau khi him OK, hOp thoai New ASP. NET MVC3 hien ra (Binh 1.7) Project Temkin 5dect a template M Empty Mobile Application Intranet Application Basic Desaiptiove A default ASP. NET INC 4 project wilt an account cornets thd usestome authentication A ti W API Singk Page Facebook Application Application... 1.8 Minh boa mat Solution Explorer coo ASP. NET MI7C3 Bang duel day ma to nOi dung throng din ctla met du in MVC Internet Apllication 1)11'6 II" /Content La thu muc thubng chtia nhftng dft lieu tibh, nhu la hinh imh, tep tin css, Visual Web Developer tu dung them thu muc Themes vac trong Content Thu attic themes la thu muc chira cac tep Jquery va hinh anh Trong du an nay ta co the mkt thu themes Visual... hang vai Gong ty du lich, thong qua cic kenh thong tin da chieu v6i nhieu turn ich, khich king co thi tm dm cic thong tin du ljch trong vi ngoii nubs ten website mqi 16c mqi nai 28/97 I H thong bin tour du lich trim twin yeu an h th6ng 2.2 Clic d$c dam ca bin cilia hi thong bin tour du Lich Inc tuyen mm s pwr Quin libur Quin 19 don at bur Quin 19 dash muc dikn du lich ) Quint' anti mot Iduldi sin Quin19ln... tour du Itch trnt tuyin DSc ti yeu au he thong 2.3A Danh awe dja aim du lich Tang quan Veri chirc Wing nay quip tri vien co the quip 1S, thong tin ve cic dia diem du Lich then the Tinh/Thinh pho - Quec gia Quy Dinh Hinh 2.4 Quy trinh Dian ly$ dank myc dja dam du lick 36/97111f thong bin tour du ljch snit tit* B#c ti yeu ciu he thong Ma to quy trinh Thong tin ve diem du lich tai, ngubi quen tri duct... sembanwasuina IBM 1.9 Giao then co ban khi chgy sing Ming ASP. NET MVC cd siin 23/971 111 th6ng bin tour du ljch trgc twin Tong quan vi ASP. NET MVC Framework De dfmg chuang trinh, ta t6 hqp phim Shift + F5 hoec chqn Debug Menu vi churl Stop Debugging Kit nii ea se de lieu SQL Server bing Entity Framework ADO .NET Entity Framework lit mat non tang thgtc 611 dung de lam vies WA CSDL Chtng ta c6 the truy van,... them 1 file CSS cat vio du an ten hi Site.css trong thu muc Content File CSS la file Oa 'chi ta mu& thay tthi style ciut (mg dung 22/97 I H thong bin tour du 106 type tuyin a quan vi ASP. NET MVC Framework 1)111111" , I,111 G• m cac lep d china cac me hInh di i tuqng cua ling /Models dung Models quin lt vi than tic vOi din lieu Thu muc Script luu trit clic file Jan Script caa img dung /Scripts Mac djnh . Pages (ASP) . ASP. NET dugc bier djch duel ding Common Language Runtime (CLR), cho phep nheng ngubi 11p trinh viet ma ASP. NET yen bit 10 nem net Mo duct ha trg bgi .NET language. 1.3. ASP. NET. WebForm va ASP. NET MVC .Net Framework: ha trq cac loui img dung nhu desktop, web vi the img dung console. ASP. NET framework lit mOt plan ctia .NET framework (Hinh 1.5), duqc xi)/ dung nh&m. tour du itch trim tuyin Tong quan ye ASP. NET MVC Framework — Yeu c.Au c6 hieu biet ve HTTP, HTML, CSS vi JavaScript. L4.7. So sdnh gilts ASP. NET webfonn vb ASP. NET MVC Hinh 1.5 ASP. NET