[...]... coefficient radius radius of capillaries oil saturation oil/ gas saturation residual oil saturation water saturation residual water saturation homogeneity of carbonates sorting factor sorting of shales sorting of sandstones specific surface area of pore space per unit of bulk volume specific surface area of pore space per unit of grain volume specific surface area of pore space per unit of pore volume shape... Determination Based on the Composition of Oil Fractions with Boiling Point Below 2001C Volumetric Technique Saturation Pressure Technique 147 147 Chapter 10 CLASSIFICATIONS OF OIL AND GAS ACCUMULATIONS Classification of types of oil and gas accumulations and traps Reserves, fluid quality, and production rates ... scale and, to some degree, its complexity One example of such an approach to the hierarchy of a megasystem is the classification of oil and gas accumulation traps (Fig 1.1) (Kerimov, 1985) If geology is defined as a complex of scientific disciplines dealing with the composition, structure and evolution of the Earth’s crust and the Earth as a whole, then it would be natural to subdivide the objects of geologic... of the static and dynamic geologic systems is described as well The use of mathematical methods and computer techniques increases the scope of problems that can be solved on the basis of integrated geological, geophysical, geochemical and engineering information Mathematical methods using computer processing of the current information accelerate the process of regional and local prediction of oil and. .. structure and behavior of dynamic systems in time is the matter of systems forecasting A specific feature of the systems forecast in geology is the necessity and feasibility to forecast the behavior and structure of the geologic system both in time and space On the basis of the structure of the space–time continuum of lithosphere, it is possible to identify changes in geologic system with depth and time... general geological and physical features inherent with the system of petroleum basin On the other hand, a unified system (including a geologic system) can contain elements of different nature, diverse aggregate state, and distinctive physical nature As an example, the system of petroleum basin, as well as the subsystems of oil and SYSTEMS APPROACH IN PETROLEUM GEOLOGY 13 gas regions, fields, and accumulations,... the description of a system, any modeling techniques can be used Theoretical studies in geology have the objective of cognition of real geologic systems as well as development of the theories of geologic processes that result in the studying of existing system and transformation of one system into another TABLE 1.4 System of scientific knowledge and scientific activity Subsystem Type of knowledge Logical... Type of inference Logical estimate Theory (T) Knowledge of laws of nature, function and evolution of objects Sentence Deduction True/False Definite set of parameters Fact (F) Knowledge of properties Sentence of and interrelations among the objects selected for experiment Induction True/False Indefinite set of parameters Method (M) Knowledge of procedures required for acquiring new knowledge Standard... three elements (oil, gas, and condensate), the development of a natural classification will be very difficult There is a continuous series of objects present; there are endless numbers of natural kinds and transition forms when habitat changes (including technological changes, such as production) All these circumstances result in overlapping classes and violations of the rules of formal logic of subdividing... IN PETROLEUM GEOLOGY 9 common development history and a distinguishing set of physical and chemical properties that manifest themselves both individually and jointly An engineering-natural system may be defined as a complex of spatially ordered and temporally interconnected natural and engineering elements, the emergent property of which is utilization of natural elements to satisfy needs of human society . Computing and Intelligent Data Analysis in Oil Exploration 52 Geology and Geochemistry of Oil and Gas DEVELOPMENTS IN PETROLEUM SCIENCE 52 ii geology and geochemistry of oil and gas DEVELOPMENTS. subsurface conditions and properties of oil- and gas- bearing formations. Main oil and gas reserves are found in sedimentary basins composed of ter- rigenous (siliciclastic), carbonate, and, sometimes,. lateral sonde of AO size R cr cut-off (critical) resistivity of oil- saturated reservoir R g,r resistivity of gas- saturated reservoir R oil oil resistivity R o,r resistivity of oil- saturated reservoir R sh shale