Tgp chi khoa hoc TrUifng Difi hQC Quy Nhdn - So 1, Tap VII ndm 2013 REN LUY|:N KY NANG DAY HOC THEO Hl/dNG TANG CITING NANG LlJC TT/HQC CUA SINH VIEN H6A HQC NGANH SUPH^M NGUYIN THI KIM ANH' l.MdDAU Trong ddo tao giao vien hien nay, viec ren luy6n ky ndng day hpc (KNDH) cho sinh vien (SV) nganh sU pham la mpt yeu cau ca'p bach de nang cao chd't lUpng day nghi d cac trUdng dai hpc. Phu'dng phdp day hpc vi mo (PPDHVM) gop phan khac phuc va'n de con ton tai trong dao tao giao vien hien nay: Viec chuan bi cho SV ra trUdng thien ve ly thuyet, tap trung qud nhieu vao kien thu'c thuan tiiy, khien cdc gido vien mdi biTdc vdo nghe khong trdnh khoi kho khan khi dieu khien mpt ldp hpc. PPDHVM chu trUPng hinh thanh va phdt trien viing chdc cac nang lUc sU pham rieng biet, KNDH cd ban xac dinh. Qua do tao cho SV mot niem tin, sU tU tin khi dieu khien ldp hpc. Trong giao due, cong nghe thong tin dUdc iing dung de thiet ke' giao trinh dien di (GTDT) va hpc tnic tuyen rd't tien ich va mang lai hieu qua cao, phii hdp va dap iing dUdc vdi each dao tao theo he thong tin chi ma cdc trudng dai hpc da va dang trien khai trong qua trinh dao tao. Chinh vi vdy viec thiet ke' GTDT vd cdch su" dung giao trinh mpt each cd hieu qua la cin thiet va quan trpng, mang tinh chat cap thiet cho SV d cdc trUdng dai hpc. Thiet ke' vd sii dung GTDT thong qua hpc phan thi nghiem thUc hanh phUdng phdp day hpc hda hpc (PPDH3) ke't hdp vdi PPDHVM, dac biet la su" dung thii thudt day hpc - hpc tap dong dang, hpc tap pho'i hdp, hpc tdp hdp tdc - nham ren KNDH cho SV Hoa hpc ngdnh su' pham d cdc trUdng dai hpc Id can thiet, va neu thifc hien tot se gdp phan nang cao nang liSc t\X hpc va ren luyen mpt so KNDH hda hpc cho SV, gdp phln ddi mdi phtfdng phap day hpc (PPDH) d trUdng DHSP. Trong pham vi bai vie't nay tdc gia de cap den mpt so bien phap ren luyen cho sinh vien KNDH hod hpc theo hudng tang cUdng nang life Itf hpc, tif nghien cdu. 2. NOI DUNG Cd sd ly ludn vl viec ddi mdi phifdng phdp day hpc d dai hpc da du'dc de cap d cdc tai Ii$u va bai viet trifdc, trong khuon khd cua bdi vie't nay chiing toi tap trung chu yeu vdo thifc trang vi6c ren luyen KNDH qua cdc hpc phan PPDH hoa hpc vd vd'n dl ttf hpc SV khoa Hda hpc nganh sif pham d trUdng dai hpc tuT do difa ra cdc bi6n phap de ren luyen KNDH mpt cdch hieu qua nha't. NGUYfeN THI KM ANH" 2.1. Thiic trang ciia vl^c ren luy$n KNDH qua cic hpc phin PPDH hoa hpc va nang li^c ti^ hpc ciia SV khoa H6a hgc nginh sii ph^m d trilling dai hpc 2.1.1. Bdnh gid ve m^t so KNDH hda hgc cita SV khi TTSP d tnUmg pho thong Bing 1. Ddnh gid KNDH hda hgc ciia sinh viin khi TTSP giai doan 2 STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Ky ning Xic dinh dung trgng tim bai hgc Dat van de ciia bai giing vi chuyen ^ Trinh bay bing (ro ring, chinh xic, khoa hgc, ) Ve hinh va sil dung hinh ve Ky nang bieu dien TN ket hop vdi 15i noi ciia GV SLT dung hdp ly cac thi nghiem Si5f dung tot va hdp ly cac phUOng tien day hpc Phan bo thdi gian hop ly Bao quit va dieu khien hoat dong cua ldp Phat huy tinh dgc lap sang tao cua hgc sinh Lien he bai hgc vdi thUc te va GDMT Sii'a bai tap hoa hgc tren ldp Ra bai tap phU hdp vdi d6'i tufdng hgc sinh Xuf ly tot cac tinh hugng six pham Kiem tra danh gia ket qua hgc tap cua hgc sinh Diin dat lifu loat, ngon ngiJ dl hieu, mach lac Diem dinh gii ciia SV 8,20 7,20 7,60 6,20 6,50 6,90 7,50 8,80 7,90 7,50 7,00 8,20 7,50 7,10 7,70 8,33 Di^m dinh gii cua GV 8,10 7,00 7,40 6,10 6,30 6,50 7,18 8,70 7,80 7,10 6,90 8,00 7,15 7,00 7,50 8,20 Nhan xet: Cd 5 ky nang ma ca giao vien hudng din vi SV deu dinh gii d mdc kha hdn do la: Xac dinh dung trgng tam bai hgc; Phan bg' thdi gian hdp Iy; Bao quit boat dgng cua ldp; Sii'a bai tap hga hgc tren ldp; Ngon ngii dS hieu, mach lac, Cac ky nang nhU: Sii' dung thi nghiem theo phUdng phip day hgc nao? Sil dung tot va hdp ly cac phUdng tien day hgc. Lien he bii hgc vdi thUc te'. Xi ly tot tinh huo'ng sUpham, ci giao vien hifdng din vi SV deu danh gii d mdc tha'p hdn. NhiJng ke't qua danh gii tren theo chiing toi li chUa cao. Neu so vdi ket qua danh gia TTSP2 (phan Idn SV dddc diem 9, 10, rat it diem 7, 8) thi diem trung binh cac KNDH thap hdn han. NhU vay, viec ren luyen cho SV cic KNDH hda hgc cd ban dac biet la ky nang %\S dung thi nghiem vin la mgt vi'n de can thiet va cap bach. 2.2.2. Thuc trgng gid thifc hanh thi nghidm PPDH hoa hgc, nghiep vtf sttphQm va ren KNDH cho sinh vien khoa Hoa hgc nganh sKpham d cdc tntcing difi hgc Muc dich diiu tra: Tim hieu thuc trang cac gid thUc hanh thi nghigm PPDH hda REN LUYfeN KY NANG DAY HOC THEO HUCiNG TANG CUONO NANG LlJC 7 hgc, ren luy6n NVSP. Rdt ra nhttng kd't luin can thig't vi tim nhttng phtfdng phip nang cag hieu qua ren luyen KNDH cho SV. DSi tugng dieu tra: SV nim thiJ 3, 4 cd hgc hgc phan PPDH3, NVSP. Nhilng diiu ddng chu y riit ra tit kl't qud dieu tra: vl tii Ueu, chtfdng trinh hgc: ngoii giio ttinh dtfdi dang i'n pham nen cd tii li?u di$n til (Web) cd tinh tiTdng tic cao; Thiet bi, dung cu va hda cha't: hien dai, d^y di; Ve phia GV: can ip dung cic PPDH mdi, Vl phfa SV: cin dtfdc ren luyen KNDH hda hgc cd bin, Ket qua dieu tra tren day li cd sd quan trgng, dinh htfdng cho tic gia de xuat cic bi$n phip di ren luygn KNDH cho SV. 2.2.3. Thtfc trying vi tti hgc cua sinh vien Chiing toi tdng hdp ket qui dieu tra 350 SV d 4 trddng dai hgc: DHSP Hi Ngi; DH Quy Nhdn; DHSP ftinh phd' Hg Chi Minh; DH D6ng Thap ve: quan niem til hgc, ^ thlJc ttf hgc 6 dai hgc; chuan bi bai khi len ldp hgc; danh gia to chdc day hgc cua GV; dieu kien va viec su' dung CNTT (Intemet, miy vi tinh, ) cho hpc tap. Phin tich kd't qua diiu tra: Cic so'lieu dieu tra cho thay SV xac dinh dung ve ttf hpc d dai hpc. Cic l^ do ve dieu kien hpc tip nhu thieu giao trinh, thdi gian hpc va cich thdc hgc tap dUdc cpi la yeu to' anh hddng din tU hgc, ke't qua hgc tap cua SV. Tuy nhien, theg chiing tgi nguyen nhan vin la each til hpc cua SV va nguon gdc c6 the li: SV quen vdi each hpc d trddng phd thdng. Thi vi kiem tra doi hoi HS phai tai hien lai thdng tin do thay cung cap. Cd 58,57% SV cho la ngudn tai lieu hgc tap thieu; 30,00% cho li thieu sil hudng din, giiip dd cho viec hgc tip; 14,28% cho la tai lieu rdng, khd bao quit. Hien nay ddi vdi S V Viet Nam thi viec hgc lap ndi chung, viec tif hgc cia SV can cd sU hudng din hgc lip cua GV, tii Ueu can dtfdc thiet ke phii hdp vdi ngi dung bai hgc da dang, phong phii. Ttf thilc trang ve vi6c ren KNDH va nang Itfc td hgc Id cua SV, chung toi da de xuat cic KNDH hda hgc can dtfdc ren luyen dUdc chia thanh ba nhdm chinh, dd la: Nhim cdc ky ndng chudn bi bdi hgc; Nhdm cdc KNDH tren ldp; Nhom ky nang kiim tra. nhdn xet, ddnh gid. Trong cic phtfdng Ben tru'c quan dtfdc sil dung ttong day hgc hda hpc, thi nghiem ddng mgt vai trg het sttc quan trgng vi the chdng toi chia cac ky nang thi nghiem thilc hinh thinh ba nhdm ky nang chinh, dd la: Nhdm ky ndng bieu diin thi nghiem: Nhdm ky ndng Iua chgn phuang phdp su: dung thi nghiem; Nhdm ky ndng ket hgp ldi ndi khi sii dung thi nghiem trong day hgc. 3. REN LUYEN KNDH HOA HOC CHO SINH VIEN SLf PHAM NGANH HOA HOC Dl ren luyen KNDH hda hgc trtfdc tiin chiing toi ren kien thtfc ve KNDH bing GTDT, sau dd rin KNDH bang PPDHVM cd ap dung mpt sd thu thuat day hgc. NGUYfeNTHIKIMANH- 3.1. Ren luy$n ki4'n thii'c vi KNDH hda hpc cho sinh vi6n theo hildng tang cifoTng nang li/c til hgc, til nghidn cilu - Thie't ke giio trinh dien nl: GTDT ma chung toi thiet ke cd tinh ttfdng tic cao, npi dung khoa hpc, giao dien than thien va dl sil dung de sinh vien ttf ren luyen. Mpi sd giao dien minh hpa: ffinh 1. Trang gidi thieu giao dien websile van hanh gido trinh Hinh 2. Traiii; nV/cc llii rii^liit'iii minh hoa ? „ V.IJ'T'V'"' ^ """ . - i.~:_.;;.'."~ :/ ^— „-o -Q-^-7- ^^^''-' 1 ;.:K,r.*r::;r:.""r:.,„, CJ-' ' ' ——.•••jl Hinh 3. Trang an toan thi nghiem vd bdi tap vdn dung REN LUYfeN KY NANG DAY HOC THEO HUClNG TANO CUONG NANG LlJC 9 - Giio ttinh dtfdc sur dung trong dao tao nien che vi hpc che tin chi gdp phln ren luydn kien thdc vl KNDH: SV truy cap vao website: nangluctuhoc.edu.vn de til hgc, ttf nghien ctfu vl kl thuat tien hinh thi nghigm, xem video minh hga de hieu kl hdn vl ky nang thi nghi$m, bai tap vjn dung vi video tinh hudng gidp SV tU kiem tra kiln thdc ve ky ning thi nghiem cia minh, 3.2. Rfen luypn KNDH hoa hgc cho sinh vi6n b^ng phildng phap d?y hgc vi rad Rin luyen ky ndng day hgc thdng qua hgc phdn PPDH3 BUdc 1: Ghi hinh, nhin xdt lan thd nha't. Chpn 1 - 2 sinh vien de theo doi va ghi hinh qui ttinh den hinh thi nghiem. Phit vi xem lai toin bg pha bilu dien thi nghiem ciia SV. Nhin xet, dinh gii: SV tU nhan xet. Trao ddi ciia nhdm. GV gdp y va nhin xet: Thong qua budc ndy mdi SV tu nhln thay nhOng uu diem cdn phdt huy vd nhang hgn che cdn khac phuc trong cdc lan dtiy til'p sau. Biidc 2: Ghi hinh, nhan xet lan thtf hai. Mdi SV nen hanh bieu dien Ihi nghiem thong qua Inch doan bai giang. Sau dd cho nhan xet, danh gia lan 2. Ddng thdi ap dung mgt sd thu thuat day hgc: Day hpc ddng dang, day hpc phdi hdp, day hgc hdp tic de ren luyen KNDH dat hieu qua cao nha't VQU diing vdo bdi. Diiu chl'vd tinh oxi hda cita axit nitric Ap dung PPDHVM trong giai doan SV bat dau tien hanh thi nghiem nhim de ren luyen ky nang thi nghiem vi ky ning day hgc. BUic 1. Ghi hinh, nhdn xet lan thU nhat Tie'n hanh chpn SV de theo ddi vi ghi hinh qua Irlnh lien hanh Ihi nghiem ve: Dieu che HNO, ttong PTN; HNO,,,,, HNO,,,,,^ tic dung vdi kim loai (Cu). Phit va xem lai qui ttinh lam thi nghiem diiu che va axit lie dung vdi kim loai. Nhan xet, dinh gia lan thtf nhi't (Mlu phieu 2.1 - Nhan xet ky nang thi nghiem) Cd mpt SV lim thtf ki de ghi lai bien ban vi tdng ke't diem nhin xet, danh gii. Minh hoa hien ban ghi nhan xet: - Sinh vien ttf nhin xet qui ttinh tien hanh thi nghiem cua minh ve nhttng tfu diem, han che: Vl tfu diem da chgn dung vi du dung cu, hda chat Ihi nghiem, Ve ban chd thi nghidm cgn cham, giai thich hien ttJOng chtfa rd rang, - Trao ddi ciia nhdm: mdi nhom ci dgi dien mgt SV dgt cdu hoi vi cdc ky nang thi nghilm do nhdm chuyin gia phu trdch Nhom chuyin gia trd ldi vd gidi thich 10 NGlTi^N THI KIM ANH' Cdc thanh vien khde trong nhdm bo sung u\i diem: Tien hdnh ddng quy trinh, c6 thu dpn dung cu va s^p xep hda chat nhulig han ch^: chita t^t ddn con khi thi nghidm ke't thdc, chUa xuf ly tot khi thodt ra ngodi mdi trifdng, - Giang vien gdp ^, nhan xdt: Sau khi tien hdnh thi nghi$m sinh vi^n da thilc hien difdc mpt so' ky ndng thf nghidm nhif sau: Chgn dung cu diing, du vd phU hap vdi thi nghiem; Sap xep cdc dung cu hda chdt trudc vd sau ldm thi nghidm; Tien hdnh diing quy trinh thi nghiem, Tuy nhien cdn mpt so ky ndng chifa thtfc hien tot: Ddt cdu hdi ehUa rd rdng; Cdch gidi thieh hiin tugng ddi ddng, chUa logic, Nhif vay thdng qua bifdc ndy ren luyen dUdc nhdm ky ndng thi nghiem thtfc hanh: Ky ndng bieu dien thi nghiem; Ky ndng ket hdp ldi ndi khi suf dung thi nghidm trong day hpc. Nhu'ng ifu diem se dUdc phdt huy, han che difdc khic phuc d pha day tiep theo. Dac biet la ky nang dat can hdi va giai thich cac hien tifdng thi nghiem. BiCdc 2. Ghi hinh, nhan xet lan thii hai De ren luyen KNDH thong qua trich doan bdi giang, chung toi dd thifc hien theo bang phan cong nhiem vu. a) Moi nhdm cu" dai dien mpt SV bieu diln thi nghiem thong qua trich doan bdi giang tinh cha't hda hpc (Tac dung vdi kim loai, phi kim) va dieu che'. Bang 2. Phdn cdng nhiem vu khi ldm viic nhdm Nhdm 1 2 3 Bdi day III. Tinh chat hda hpc (Tac dung vdi kim loai) III. Tinh chat hda hpc (Tdc dung vdi phi kim) V. Dieu che Thi nghiem HN03^^^ + Cu HNO„ , + Cu HNO,„, + C HNO,„,^ + C Dieu che HNO, trong PTN Ky ning la, 2(a, b, d, e), 3 d phieu KNTN vi 1, 2, 3 d phieu KNDH. Ib, 2 (c, f, g), 4 d phieu KNTN va 3, 4, 5, 7 d philu KNDH. I,2h,3,4d phieu KNTN vii, 3, 6, 7 d phieu KNDH. b) Phil va xem lai qua trinh lap giang (bieu diln thi nghiem) axit tic dung vdi kim loai thong qua Inch dgan bai giang III.2. Tinh gxi hda ciia axit nitric - Bii 12. Axit nitric va mudi nitrat, SGK hda hgc II nang cao. c) Nhan xet, dinh gia lan thd hai (theo mau phieu 2.2 - Nhan xet KNDH thong qua ttich doan bai day). - SV ttf nhan xet tfu diem: lira chgn ding phtfdng phip su' dung, ti^n hinh thi nghiem thanh ceng, han che: tien hinh thi nghiem con chim, diln dat Idng tiing. RfeNLUYfeN KY NANG DAY HOC THEO HUC(NG TANG CI/6NG NANG LUC - Trao doi cua nhdm: tfu di^m: ket hdp td^t giiJa ldi ndi vd thi nghiem, cd dat van de, nhung han che: chu'a tiX tin, chfl" vi^t chtfa thang hdng, - Giang vien gdp y, nhan xdt: Sau khi tien hdnh bieu dien thi nghidm vdo trong trich doan bai giang sinh vidn da thifc hidn diTdc mot so' ky ndng day hpc nhU sau: Lua chgn phuang phdp svc dung thi nghiem hiiu qud; D^t cdu hdi ngdn gon, ro rdng; Liin hi kiin thvCc thUc te rat tdt giiip bdi day cd gid tri thuc tiin cao, Tuy nliien con mpt so' ky nang chu'a thifc hien tot: - ChS vii't chUa thdng hdng; Di lgi trudc bdng cdn nhieu. Thong qua bUdc nay sinh vien da rdn dufdc mpt so ky nang day hpc hda hpc Ren luyen KNDH hda hgc thdng qua rin luyen nghiep vu sUphgm Quy trinh dp dung PPDHVM difdc didn ra nhuf sau: BUdc 1. Chuan bi - SV chudn bi: Ttf nghien cVi^i tdi lieu; Ke' hoach bai day hpc, quan sat mlu. - GV hudng dan: Nhu'ng diem can lUu y, thdi gian khi trinh bdy bai day, Bi^c 2. Ghi hinh lan thii nhat (pha day lan I). Thong qua bUdc ndy SV chu yeu ren luyen nhdm ky nang day hoc tren ldp. Budc 3: Nh4n xet, ddnh gid lan thii nhdt Thong qua bUdc nay sinh vien chu yeu dUpc ren luydn nhom KNDH trin ldp vd nhdn xet ddnh gid hge sinh vd ddnh gid dong nghiep. Bu&c 4: Ghi hinh lan thii hai Thong qua btfdc nay SV chu ye'u ren luyen nhdm ky ndng day hgc trin ldp. BU&c 5: Nhan xet ddnh gid lan thii hai Thong qua btfdc nay sinh vidn hau nhU da ren luyen dtfdc nhdm ky ndng day hgc trin ldp va nhdn xet, ddnh gid dSng nghiep. Van dung "Bdi 54. Ancol: Tinh chat hda hge, dieu chi', iing dung"' Ldp 11 NC Bii^c 1. Chuan bi: SV ttf tham khao GTDT: Bdi 13. Ancol - Phenol va SGKl 1. Bi^c 2. Ghi hinh tdn thU nhat Theo ddi va ghi hinh qua trinh tap giang cua SV ve bai day: Ancol: Tinh chdt hda hgc, dieu che, iing dung hodc phan trich doan bdi day ve tinh chd't hoa hpc. Cac thanh vidn trong nhdm theo ddi, ghi lai nhiirng tfu diem vd han che'. Budc 3. Nhqn xet ddnh gia lan thU nhdt Phdt hinh vd xem lai todn bo qua trinh giang day: NGUYEN THI KIM ANH' "Bai 54. Ancol: Tinh chd't hda hpc, dieu che, tfng dung" ho$c trich doan: I. Tinh cha't hda hpc, I.l Phdn tfng the' H cua nhdm OH Ancol. Cu" mpt sinh vidn ldm thtf ki de ghi lai bien bdn nhdn xdt gdp ^ va tong ket diem. Dudi ddy Id minh hga bien bdn ghi nhdn xit cua sinh viin trong trich doan: Sinh vidn ttf nhan xdt: bie't md td thi nghiem vd gidi thich diing hien tugng, thi nghiem thdnh edng, cd liin hi kii'n thiie thUc ti' ve Ancol, Hgn chi': viic thii't ki'ke hogch bdi day chua ddy du, ehUa cd sU chuyen y trong bdi day, Trao d6'\ sinh vidn trong to: uu diem: thao tde thi nghiem chinh xdc, tien hdnh dung quy trinh thi nghiem. Tuy nhiin ehua phd'i hgp td't giUa ldi ndi vd biiu dien thi nghiem, chua gidi thieh rd vi sao cd sU tgo phiic mdu xanh, Giang vien gdp y, nhdn xdt: Sau khi thtfc hidn pha day hpc thtf nha't sinh vien da the hien dtfdc mot so' ky ndng day hpc nhU: Chudn bi day du do ddng day hgc, cd dgt vdn de bdi gidng, cha vie't ro rdng, cd sddung bdi tap di xdy dUng kiin thiic hieu qui. Kien thUe chudn xdc, it sai sdt, cd lien hi kie'n thiic thuc ti. Tuy nhien mdt sdky nang day hgc hda hgc khde vdn cdn lung tiing: Cdch dgt vdn de vd chuyin y trong bdi giang cdn ddi ddng, chua gdy hiing thii cho ngudi hge, svt dung vd dgt edu hdi chua ngan ggn vd khoa hge, Sau ciing ngUdi vufa day hoac SV vtfa dif (gop y) ttf chinh siJa vd thiet ke lai bdi day. Dong thdi thUc hien lai bai day sau khi da dUdc dong nghiep, giang vidn gdp J' chinh su'a trong cdc pha day hpc tid'p theo hoac riit kinh nghiem trong lan day tiep theo thong qua trich doan bdi day ndy hay trich doan bai day muc 1.2. Tinh chat hda hpc - Phan dng the' nhdm OH Ancol. Budc 4. Ghi hinh lan th^ hai (diin ra tUcfng tti nhUbUdc 2) O budc nay ne'u chtfa thu'c hien to't cd the tid'n hdnh thtfc hidn lai bdi day trong lan day lidp theo hoac thong qua cac bdi day khde nhU: Bai: Phenol, Bai: Andehit - Xeton, De'n khi nhtfng ky ndng cd ban can thie't dtfdc ren luyen mot each chu dao vd dam bao chd't lUdng de SV ttf tin btfdc vao nghe. BUdc 5. Nhan xet ddnh gid lan thU hai (dien ra tUOng tU nhubi0c 3) Nhdn xet: Da phat huy dtfdc nhifng ifti die'm va kh^c phuc dtfdc nhtfdc did'm: - Thie't ki linh hogt ke hogch bdi day, phdt huy tinh tich cUc nhgn thiic cua SV. - Cdch dgt vdn de vd chuyin y trong bdi day gdy dugc su chii y vd hiing thu. - Thi nghiem dugc svt dung vd biiu diin diing phucmg phdp. - Sii dung cdu hoi diing liic. Cdch dgt cdu hdi ngdn ggn vd khoa hgc. REN LUYEN KY NANG DAY HOC THEO HlJCtNG TANG CLfCfNG NANG LUC 13 Nhimg vdn cdn mot so' han che nhtf: Di lgi trudc bdng cdn nhieu. Cha vie't chUa thang hdng, Sau khi dtfdc ren luyen, hau hd't cac KNDH dtfdc ren luyen thanh cdng nhtf: Ddt va'n de vd chuyen y trong bdi giang logic, hap ddn, gdy sif chu y cao; SiJ dung vd bieu dien to't cac thi nghiem khi ke't hdp vdi bai day; Ddt cau hoi rd rang, chinh xac, ngan gpn; Binh tinh, ttf tin, xOf Iy tot cdc tinh huong stf pham; Biet each nhan xet, ddnh gia cdc van de mpt cdch tinh td'. Dd la nhiJng ky ndng ma hau het d lan dau thtfc hien, cdc SV thtfdng mac sai sdt. Dong thdi cac ky nang pho'i hdp cac thi nghidm trong mpt doan bdi giang cung dtfdc khac phuc khong nhtfng cho chinh ngtfdi day, ma con cho tat ca cdc thanh vien khde trong nhdm, hp ttf nhin nhdn va ttf rut kinh nghiem cho chinh ban than thong qua dong nghiep. 3.3. Ke't qua thi/c nghidm svt ph^m Chung toi da tie'n hdnh thtfc nghidm va xu* ly so' lieu bdi kiem tra kie'n thtfc ve KNDH bdng phtfdng phdp thdng ke toan hpc tai 4 trtfdng: Bdng 3. Tdng hgp cdc tham sd dgc trung bdi kiim tra kii'n thiie ve KNDH Mien Bie Tmng Nam Tnrdng DHSP Ha Noi DH Quy Nhdn DHSP TPHCM DH Dong Thap MO TA DO LIEU Mot (Mode) TN 9 9 8 9 DC 7 7 6 8 Trung vi (Median) TN 8 9 8 9 DC 7 7.5 6 8 Gii cri trung binh (Mean) TN 8.30 8.62 7 75 8.70 DC 7.47 7.59 6.46 7.62 SD TN 1.09 1.02 1.33 1.07 DC 1.21 1.21 1.15 1.11 SO SANH DC LIEU P 0.0008 2.96.10' 6,27.10' 3,22.10-' ES 0.67 0.85 LU 0.97 -LdpOC -LdpTN Hinh 4. Do thi dudng lUy tich ket qud long hgp bdi kiim tra kien ihiic ve KNDH NGUYIN THI KIM ANH' Kit qua phdn tich dinh tinh: Hiu hd't GV, chuydn gia vd ngtfdi hpc cho rang GTDT, Website cd chd't Itfdng to't, cd tinh khoa hpc, th^m my, dl suf dung. - Da sd sinh viin d ldp TN: Rd't thich gid day cd dp dyng PPDHVM, cd s^ dung thid't bi day hpc. Quan sdt cdc KNDH cda SV trong Idp DC cung cd stf tie'n bp nhiftig chtfa cao so vdi ldp, nhdm thtfc nghidm. - Da sd sinh viin d ldp ddi chiing: ft chu dpng trong vi$c ttf hpc; vipc ren luyen KNDH gdp nhieu khd khdn, it tU tin, ke't qud TTSP2 thd^p hdn so vdi Idp TN. Kit qud phdn tich dinh lugng: Gid Xn mode, trung vi cua ldp TN cao hdn d ldp BC. Dieu ndy chdng to ky ndng day hpc d ldp TN to't hdn d ldp DC. Diem Uaing binh cpng ciia ldp TN cao hdn d ldp DC. Nhtf vay, SV d ldp TN n^m vtfng vd van dung kie'n thtfc, ky ndng tot hdn d ldp DC. Phep kiem chii'ng t - test dpc lap cho kd't qua gid tri p nhd hdn rat nhieu so vdi gid tri so sanh la 0,05. Dieu ndy cd nghia Id gid tri trung binh cpng cua ldp TN vdi ldp DC cd khde biet ro ret. Mdc dp anh htfdng ES cho tha'y tac dpng cua kd't qua nghien ctfu da tao ra anh htfdng d mdc dp trung binh vd Idn. Nhtf vdy, stf chenh lech ve diem trung binh cpng cua sinh vien ldp TN va ldp DC do tdc dpng cua nghien ctfu la cd thUc te va co y nghia. 3. KET LUAN Vide siJf dung GTDT de ren luyen kie'n thu'c ve KNDH theo htfdng tdng ctfdng ndng life tu hpc, tU nghidn ctfu va dp dung PPDHVM de ren KNDH cho sinh vien khoa Hda hpc ndi rieng vd sinh vien stf pham ndi chung la can thie't vd cd hieu qua. Neu nhtf dtfdc dp dung thtfdng xuyen vd bdi ban, chiing toi hy vong rang sinh vidn sau nay ra trtfdng chdc chan se cd ky nang thi nghiem cung nhtf ky ndng day hpc tot hdn, gdp phan nang cao chd't Itfdng day vd hpc. Dd cung chinh la da thtfc hidn dinh htfdng doi mdi phtfdng phap day hpc d cac trtfdng Dai hgc, Cao dang cdng nhtf d cdc trtfdng Pho thong trong thdi kl hpi nhap. [...]...RfeN LUYfeN K? NANG DAY HOC THEO HIJ(3NG TANG C I J ^ N G NANG LUC 15 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO [1] Bg Gido due va Dao tao - Dtf an Vidt Bi, Nghien cUu khoa Iioc Su pham Ung dung, Nxb Dai hoc Sir pham, (2010) [2] N Ctfdng, N X Trtfdng,