Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com San Francisco • London CCIP ™ : MPLS Study Guide James Reagan Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, Inc., Alameda, CA www.sybex.com Associate Publisher: Neil Edde Acquisitions and Developmental Editor: Maureen Adams Editor: Sarah H. Lemaire Production Editors: Molly Glover, Mae Lum Technical Editors: Wade Edwards, Roger Clark Williams Graphic Illustrator: Tony Jonick Electronic Publishing Specialists: Rozi Harris, Bill Clark, Interactive Composition Corporation Proofreaders: Nelson Kim, David Nash, Laurie O’Connell, Yariv Rabinovitch, Nancy Riddiough Indexer: Ted Laux CD Coordinator: Dan Mummert CD Technician: Kevin Ly Book Designer: Bill Gibson Cover Designer: Archer Design Cover Photographer: Andrew Ward, PhotoDisc Copyright © 2002 SYBEX Inc., 1151 Marina Village Parkway, Alameda, CA 94501. World rights reserved. No part of this publication may be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or reproduced in any way, including but not limited to photo- copy, photograph, magnetic, or other record, without the prior agreement and written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Card Number: 2002103170 ISBN: 0-7821-4096-3 SYBEX and the SYBEX logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of SYBEX Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Screen reproductions produced with FullShot 99. FullShot 99 © 1991–1999 Inbit Incorporated. All rights reserved. FullShot is a trademark of Inbit Incorporated. The CD interface was created using Macromedia Director, COPYRIGHT 1994, 1997–1999 Macromedia Inc. For more information on Macromedia and Macromedia Director, visit http://www.macromedia.com . This study guide and/or material is not sponsored by, endorsed by or affiliated with Cisco Systems, Inc. Cisco ® , Cisco Systems ® , CCIP™, CCDA™, CCNA™, CCDP™, CCNP™, CCIE™, CCSI™, the Cisco Systems logo, and the CCIE logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. in the United States and certain other countries. All other trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. TRADEMARKS: SYBEX has attempted throughout this book to distinguish proprietary trademarks from descriptive terms by following the capitalization style used by the manufacturer. The author and publisher have made their best efforts to prepare this book, and the content is based upon final release software whenever possible. Portions of the manuscript may be based upon pre-release versions supplied by software manufacturer(s). The author and the publisher make no representation or warranties of any kind with regard to the completeness or accuracy of the contents herein and accept no liability of any kind including but not limited to performance, merchantability, fitness for any particular purpose, or any losses or damages of any kind caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from this book. Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, Inc., Alameda, CA www.sybex.com To Our Valued Readers: Cisco continues to dominate the internetworking market, and Cisco’s range of professional certifica- tions continue to be amongst the most highly respected in the business. Recently, Cisco developed the Cisco Certified Internetwork Professional (CCIP) certification to address the growing needs in the tele- communications and service provider industries for individuals competent in infrastructure or access solutions in a Cisco internetworking environment. Sybex expects the CCIP program to be well received, both by companies seeking qualified technical staff and by the IT training community. We’re proud to have helped thousands of Cisco certification candidates prepare for their exams over the years, and we are excited about the opportunity to continue to provide computer and networking professionals with the skills they’ll need to succeed in the highly competitive IT industry. The author and editors have worked hard to ensure that the Study Guide you hold in your hand is comprehensive, in-depth, and pedagogically sound. We’re confident that this book will exceed the demanding standards of the certification marketplace and help you, the Cisco certification candidate, succeed in your endeavors. As always, your feedback is important to us. Please send comments, questions, or suggestions to support@sybex.com. At Sybex we’re continually striving to meet the needs of individuals preparing for IT certification exams. Good luck in pursuit of your CCNP/CCIP certification! Neil Edde Associate Publisher—Certification Sybex, Inc. Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, Inc., Alameda, CA www.sybex.com Software License Agreement: Terms and Conditions The media and/or any online materials accompanying this book that are available now or in the future contain programs and/or text files (the “Software”) to be used in connection with the book. SYBEX hereby grants to you a license to use the Software, subject to the terms that follow. 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Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, Inc., Alameda, CA www.sybex.com I would like to dedicate this book to my wife Maria. Without her never-ending patience and support, this book would have never been written. Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, Inc., Alameda, CA www.sybex.com Acknowledgments M y thanks go to all the wonderful Sybex staff who worked with me every step of the way in writing this book. Maureen, Molly, Sarah, and Wade, you have my gratitude. There is no way I could have ever written this book if my wife did not have the patience of Job. Thanks, Maria! Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, Inc., Alameda, CA www.sybex.com Introduction T his book is intended to help you continue on your exciting new path toward obtaining your CCNP/CCIP and CCIE certification. Before reading this book, it is important to have at least read the CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide , Third Edition (Sybex, 2002). You can take the CCNP/CCIP tests in any order, but you should have passed the CCNA exam before pursuing your CCNP/CCIP. Many questions in the MPLS exam are based on the CCNA material. However, we have done everything possible to make sure that you can pass the MPLS exam by reading this book and practicing with Cisco routers. Cisco—A Brief History A lot of readers may already be familiar with Cisco and what it does. How- ever, those of you who are new to the field, just coming in fresh from your MCSE, or maybe even with 10 or more years in the field but wishing to brush up on the new technology, may appreciate a little background on Cisco. In the early 1980s, a married couple who worked in different computer departments at Stanford University started up cisco Systems (notice the small c ) . Their names are Len and Sandy Bosack. They were having trouble getting their individual systems to communicate (like many married people), so in their living room they created a gateway server to make it easier for their disparate computers in two different departments to communicate using the IP protocol. In 1984, cisco Systems was founded with a small commercial gateway server product that changed networking forever. Some people think the name was intended to be San Francisco Systems, but the paper got ripped on the way to the incorporation lawyers—who knows? But in 1992, the com- pany name was changed to Cisco Systems, Inc. The first product Cisco marketed was called the Advanced Gateway Server (AGS). Then came the Mid-Range Gateway Server (MGS), the Com- pact Gateway Server (CGS), the Integrated Gateway Server (IGS), and the AGS + . Cisco calls these “the old alphabet soup products.” In 1993, Cisco came out with the amazing 4000 router and then created the even more amazing 7000, 2000, and 3000 series routers. These are still around and evolving (almost daily, it seems). Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, Inc., Alameda, CA www.sybex.com xviii Introduction Cisco Systems has since become an unrivaled worldwide leader in net- working for the Internet. Its networking solutions can easily connect users who work from diverse devices on disparate networks. Cisco products make it simple for people to access and transfer information without regard to differences in time, place, or platform. Cisco Systems’ big picture is that it provides end-to-end networking solutions that customers can use to build an efficient, unified information infrastructure of their own or to connect to someone else’s. This is an important piece in the Internet/networking-industry puzzle because a common architecture that delivers consistent network services to all users is now a functional imperative. Because Cisco Systems offers such a broad range of networking and Internet services and capabilities, users needing regular access to their local network or the Internet can do so unhindered, making Cisco’s wares indispensable. Cisco answers this need with a wide range of hardware products that are used to form information networks using the Cisco Internetworking Operat- ing System (IOS) software. This software provides network services, paving the way for networked technical support and professional services to maintain and optimize all network operations. Along with the Cisco IOS, one of the services Cisco created to help sup- port the vast amount of hardware it has engineered is the Cisco Certified Internetworking Expert (CCIE) program, which was designed specifically to equip people to effectively manage the vast quantity of installed Cisco net- works. The business plan is simple: If you want to sell more Cisco equipment and have more Cisco networks installed, make sure that the networks you installed run properly. However, having a fabulous product line isn’t all it takes to guarantee the huge success that Cisco enjoys—lots of companies with great products are now defunct. If you have complicated products designed to solve compli- cated problems, you need knowledgeable people who are fully capable of installing, managing, and troubleshooting them. That part isn’t easy, so Cisco began the CCIE program to equip people to support these complicated networks. This program, known colloquially as the Doctorate of Network- ing, has been very successful, primarily due to its extreme difficulty. Cisco continuously monitors the program, changing it as it sees fit, to make sure that it remains pertinent and accurately reflects the demands of today’s inter- networking business environments. Building on the highly successful CCIE program, Cisco Career Certifica- tions permit you to become certified at various levels of technical proficiency, Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, Inc., Alameda, CA www.sybex.com Introduction xix spanning the disciplines of network design and support. So, whether you’re beginning a career, changing careers, securing your present position, or seek- ing to refine and promote your position, this is the book for you! Cisco’s Certifications Cisco has created new certification tracks that will help you get the coveted CCIE, as well as aid prospective employers in measuring skill levels. Before these new certifications, you took only one test and were then faced with the lab, which made it difficult to succeed. With these new certifications that add a better approach to preparing for that almighty lab, Cisco has opened doors that few were allowed through before. So, what are these new certifications, and how do they help you get your CCIE? Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) 2.0 The CCNA certification is the first certification in the new line of Cisco certifications, and it is a precursor to all current Cisco certifications. With the new certification programs, Cisco has created a type of stepping-stone approach to CCIE certification. Now, you can become a Cisco Certified Net- work Associate for the meager cost of the CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide , Third Edition (Sybex, 2002), plus $125 for the test. And you don’t have to stop there—you can choose to continue with your studies and select a specific track to follow. The Installation and Support track will help you prepare for the CCIE Routing and Switching certifica- tion, whereas the Communications and Services track will help you prepare for the CCIE Communication and Services certification. It is important to note that you do not have to attempt any of these tracks to reach the CCIE, but it is recommended. Cisco’s Installation and Support Track The Installation and Support track is aimed at the engineer who wants to become an expert of enterprise networks. The engineer will need to show proficiency with LAN and WAN technologies along with the other technol- ogies that predominate enterprise networks. After obtaining the CCNA, the next step is to pursue the CCNP certification. Once you have completed the CCNP, it is time to set your sights on the coveted CCIE Routing and Switch- ing certification. Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, Inc., Alameda, CA www.sybex.com [...]... xxvi Introduction 9E0-572: Cisco Intrusion Detection System with Policy Manager (IDSPM) 9E0-570: Cisco Secure VPN (CSVPN) Passing these four tests will meet the elective requirement for the CCIP and will also earn you the Cisco Security Specialist (CSS1) certification The forthcoming CSS1 /CCIP: Cisco Security Specialist Study Guide from Sybex covers all the exam objectives Cisco Certified Internetworking... The flashcards include 15 0 questions specifically written to hit you hard and make sure you’re ready for the exam Between the review questions, the bonus exams, and the flashcards, you’ll be more than prepared for the exam CCIP: MPLS Study Guide in PDF Sybex is now offering the Cisco Certification books on CD so you can read the book on your PC or laptop The CCIP: MPLS Study Guide is in Adobe Acrobat... Assessment Test xxxvii 10 With an MP-BGP backbone, PE routers are viewed as _ routers by CE OSPF routers A ABR B ASBR C Internal D External 11 What command would you use to display the label bindings on a Cisco IOS device? A show mpls ip B show mpls forwarding-table C show tag forwarding-table D show mpls labels 12 Cell-mode MPLS _ the TLV A Increments B Decrements C None of the above 13 In the following... Chapter 5 for more information 10 A With the MP-BGP (OSPF super-backbone), PE routers are viewed as ABRs See Chapter 7 for more information 11 B The command to display label bindings in an MPLS environ- ment is show mpls forwarding-table See Chapter 1 for more information 12 A Cell-mode MPLS increments the TLV Frame-mode MPLS decre- ments the TTL See Chapter 3 for more information 13 B The first option after... and MPLS After obtaining the CCNA, the next step is to pursue the CCIP certification Once you have completed the CCIP, it is time to set your sights on the CCIE Communications and Services certification Cisco Certified Internetwork Professional (CCIP) After passing the CCNA, the next step in the Communications and Services track would be the CCIP The CCIP is a professional-level certification The CCIP. .. http://www.simpopdf.com Assessment Test 1 Which IOS command is necessary to globally configure MPLS on a Cisco IOS device? A ip mpls B mpls ip C mpls advertise labels D tag-switching advertise labels 2 Overlay VPNs replace _ A Full-mesh topologies B MPLS VPNs C Point-to-point connections D Simple VPNs 3 Which of the following OSPF LSA types is generated by an ASBR? A 1 or 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 4 MP-BGP is typically... the CCIP MPLS exam This book does not cover everything there is to know about MPLS and MPLS VPNs, only what is necessary to successfully pass the exam The material covered in this book serves as a foundation for your later studies in MPLS It teaches you how to configure and maintain Cisco routers in a large internetwork Each chapter begins with a list of the topics covered that relate to the CCIP MPLS. .. vrf vpn-X rd 10 00 :1 route-target both 10 00 :1 maximum-routes 20 50 A 10 00 :1 B 20 C 50 D None of the above Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, Inc., Alameda, CA www.sybex.com Simpo PDF Merge and Split Unregistered Version - http://www.simpopdf.com xxxviii Assessment Test 14 In a peer-to-peer VPN, the _ becomes responsible for routing protocol convergence A Customer B Service provider C Edge-LSR D PE 15 Customer... Chapter 1, “An Introduction to MPLS, ” introduces you to the topic of MPLS Many of the problems in service provider networks and how MPLS can fix them are discussed In addition, you’ll be introduced to the MPLS label, MPLS applications, and basic label-switching operation Chapter 2, “Frame-Mode MPLS, ” reviews traditional Layer 3 routing to get you up to speed for a discussion on frame-mode MPLS The... Palm Devices After you read the CCIP: MPLS Study Guide, read the review questions at the end of each chapter and study the practice exams included in the book and on the CD But wait, there’s more! Test yourself with the flashcards included on the CD If you can get through these difficult questions and understand the answers, you’ll know you’ll be ready for the CCIP MPLS exam Copyright ©2002 SYBEX, . you the Cisco Security Specialist (CSS1) certification. The forthcoming CSS1 /CCIP: Cisco Security Specialist Study Guide from Sybex covers all the exam objectives. Cisco Certified. study guide and/or material is not sponsored by, endorsed by or affiliated with Cisco Systems, Inc. Cisco ® , Cisco Systems ® , CCIP , CCDA™, CCNA™, CCDP™, CCNP™, CCIE™, CCSI™, the Cisco. FullShot 99 © 19 91 19 99 Inbit Incorporated. All rights reserved. FullShot is a trademark of Inbit Incorporated. The CD interface was created using Macromedia Director, COPYRIGHT 19 94, 19 97 19 99 Macromedia