button bit button bit [ DES ENG ] A drilling bit made with BWG See Birmingham wire gage. BX cable [ ELEC ] Insulated wires in flexible button-shaped tungsten carbide inserts. { bətи metal tubing used for bringing electric power to ən bit } electronic equipment. { ¦be ¯ ¦eks ¦ka ¯ иbəl} button die [ DES ENG ] A mating member, usually bypass [ CIV ENG ] A road which carries traffic replaceable, for a piercing punch. Also known around a congested district or temporary ob- as die bushing. { bətиən dı ¯ } struction. [ ELEC ] A shunt path around some buttonhead [ DES ENG ] A screw, bolt, or rivet element or elements of a circuit. [ ENG ] An al- with a hemispherical head. { bətиənhed } ternating, usually smaller, diversionary flow path buttress [ CIV ENG ] A pier constructed at right in a fluid dynamic system to avoid some device, angles to a restraining wall on the side opposite fixture, or obstruction. { bı ¯ pas } to the restrained material; increases the strength bypass channel [ CIV ENG ] 1. A channel built to and thrust resistance of the wall. { bəиtrəs} carry excess water from a stream. Also known buttress dam [ CIV ENG ] A concrete dam con- as flood relief channel; floodway. 2. A channel structed as a series of buttresses. { bəиtrəs constructed to divert water from a main channel. dam } { bı ¯ pas chanиəl} buttress thread [ DES ENG ] A screw thread bypass filter [ ELECTR ] Filter which provides a whose forward face is perpendicular to the screw low-attenuation path around some other equip- axis and whose back face is at an angle to the ment, such as a carrier frequency filter used to axis, so that the thread is both efficient in trans- bypass a physical telephone repeater station. mitting power and strong. { bəиtrəs thred } { bı ¯ pas filиtər} buzz [ CONT SYS ] See dither. [ ELECTR ] The bypass valve [ ENG ] A valve that opens to direct condition of a combinatorial circuit with feed- fluid elsewhere when a pressure limit is ex- back that has undergone a transition, caused by ceeded. { bı ¯ pas valv } the inputs, from an unstable state to a new state by-product [ ENG ] A product from a manufactur- that is also unstable. { bəz} ing process that is not considered the principal material. { bı ¯ pra ¨ dиəkt } BWE See bucket-wheel excavator. 82 C is driven by a stationary engine. { ka ¯ иbəl c See calorie. ¦ra ¯ lwa ¯ } C See capacitance; capacitor; coulomb. cable release [ ENG ] A wire plunger to actuate C 2 See command and control. { se ¯ tu ¨ } the shutter of a camera, thus avoiding undesir- C 3 See command, control, and communications. able camera movement. { ka ¯ иbəlrile ¯ s} { se ¯ thre ¯ } cable-stayed bridge [ CIV ENG ] A modification cab [ ENG ] In a locomotive, truck, tractor, or of the cantilever bridge consisting of girders or hoisting apparatus, a compartment for the oper- trusses cantilevered both ways from a central ator. { kab } tower and supported by inclined cables attached cabinet file [ DES ENG ] A coarse-toothed file to the tower at top or sometimes at several with flat and convex faces used for woodworking. levels. { ka ¯ иbəl sta ¯ d brij } { kabиəиnət fı ¯ l} cable-system drill See churn drill. { ka ¯ иbəl ¦sisи cabinet hardware [ DES ENG ] Parts for the final təm dril } trim of a cabinet, such as fastening hinges, cable-tool drilling [ ENG ] A drilling procedure in drawer pulls, and knobs. { kabиəиnət ¦ha ¨ rd which a sharply pointed bit attached to a cable wer } is repeatedly picked up and dropped on the bot- cabinet saw [ DES ENG ] A short saw, one edge tom of the hole. { ka ¯ иbəl ¦tu ¨ l drilиiŋ } used for ripping, the other for crosscutting. cable vault [ CIV ENG ] A manhole containing { kabиəиnət so ˙ } electrical cables. [ ELEC ] Vault in which the cabinet scraper [ DES ENG ] A steel tool with a outside plant cables are spliced to the tipping contoured edge used to remove irregularities on cables. { ka ¯ иbəl vo ˙ lt } a wood surface. { kabиəиnət skra ¯ pиər} cableway [ MECH ENG ] A transporting system cable [ DES ENG ] A stranded, ropelike assembly consisting of a cable extended between two or of wire or fiber. [ ELEC ] Strands of insulated more points on which cars are propelled to trans- electrical conductors laid together, usually port bulk materials for construction operations. around a central core, and surrounded by a heavy { ka ¯ иbəlwa ¯ } insulation. { ka ¯ иbəl} cableway carriage [ MECH ENG ] A trolley that cable buoy [ ENG ] A buoy used to mark one end runs on main load cables stretched between two of a submarine underwater cable during time of or more towers. { ka ¯ иbəlwa ¯ karиij } installation or repair. { ka ¯ иbəl bo ˙ i} caboose [ ENG ] A car on a freight train, often cable conveyor [ MECH ENG ] A powered con- the last car, usually for use by the train crew. veyor in which a trolley runs on a flexible, torque- {kəbu ¨ s} transmitting cable that has helical threads. cab signal [ ENG ] A signal in a locomotive that { ka ¯ иbəlkənva ¯ иər} informs the engine operator about conditions cable drilling [ ENG ] Rock drilling in which the affecting train movement. { kab sigиnəl} rock is penetrated by percussion, at the bottom cadastral survey [ CIV ENG ] A survey made to of the hole, of a bit suspended from a wire line establish property lines. { kədasиtrəl} and given motion by a beam pivoted at the cen- cage [ MECH ENG ] A frame for maintaining uni- ter. { ka ¯ иbəl drilиiŋ } form separation between the balls or rollers in cable duct [ ENG ] A pipe, either earthenware or a bearing. Also known as separator. { ka ¯ j} concrete, through which prestressing wires or cage mill [ MECH ENG ] Pulverizer used to disin- electric cable are pulled. { ka ¯ иbəl dəkt } tegrate clay, press cake, asbestos, packing-house cable-laid [ DES ENG ] Consisting of three ropes by-products, and various tough, gummy, high- with a left-hand twist, each rope having three moisture-content or low-melting-point materi- twisted strands. { ka ¯ иbəl la ¯ d} als. { ka ¯ j mil } cableman [ ENG ] A person who installs, repairs, cairn [ ENG ] An artificial mound of rocks, or otherwise works with cables. { ka ¯ иbəlиmən} stones, or masonry, usually conical or pyramidal, cable railway [ MECH ENG ] An inclined track on whose purpose is to designate or to aid in identi- which rail cars travel, with the cars fixed to an fying a point of surveying or of cadastral impor- tance. { kern }endless steel-wire rope at equal spaces; the rope Copyright 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Click Here for Terms of Use. caisson caisson [ CIV ENG ] 1. A watertight, cylindrical or or jaws that can be adjusted for measuring linear rectangular chamber used in underwater con- dimensions, thickness, or diameter. { kalиəи struction to protect workers from water pressure pər} and soil collapse. 2. A float used to raise a caliper gage [ DES ENG ] An instrument, such as sunken vessel. 3. See dry-dock caisson. { ka ¯ a micrometer, of fixed size for calipering. { kalи sa ¨ n} əиpər ga ¯ j} caisson foundation [ CIV ENG ] A shaft of con- calk See caulk. { ko ˙ k} crete placed under a building column or wall Callendar and Barnes’ continuous-flow calori- and extending down to hardpan or rock. Also meter [ ENG ] A calorimeter in which the heat known as pier foundation. { ka ¯ sa ¨ n fou ˙ nda ¯ и to be measured is absorbed by water flowing shən} through a tube at a constant rate, and the quan- caking [ ENG ] Changing of a powder into a solid tity of heat is determined by the rate of flow mass by heat, pressure, or water. { ka ¯ kиiŋ } and the temperature difference between water at cal See calorie. ends of the tube. { ¦kalиənиdər ən ba ¨ rnz kəntinи Cal See kilocalorie. yəиwəs flo ¯ kalиərimиədиər} calandria [ CHEM ENG ] One of the tubes Callendar’s compensated air thermometer [ ENG ] through which the heating fluid circulates in an A type of constant-pressure gas thermometer in evaporator. { kəlanиdre ¯ иə } which errors resulting from temperature differ- calandria evaporator See short-tubevertical evapo- ences between the thermometer bulb and the rator. { kəlanиdre ¯ иə ivapиəra ¯ dиər} connecting tubes and manometer used to main- calcimeter [ ENG ] An instrument for estimating tain constant pressure are eliminated by the con- the amount of lime in soils. { kalsimиədиər} figuration of the connecting tubes. { ¦kalиənи calcination [ CHEM ENG ] A process in which a dərz ¦ka ¨ mиpənsa ¯ dиəd er thərma ¨ mиədиər} material is heated to a temperature below its Callendar’s equation [ THERMO ] 1. An equation melting point to effect a thermal decomposition of state for steam whose temperature is well or a phase transition other than melting. { kalи above the boiling point at the existing pressure, səna ¯ иshən} but is less than the critical temperature: (V Ϫ b) calcine [ ENG ] 1. To heat to a high temperature ϭ (RT/p) Ϫ (a/T n ), where V is the volume, R is without fusing, as to heat unformed ceramic the gas constant, T is the temperature, p is the materials in a kiln, or to heat ores, precipitates, pressure, n equals 10/3, and a and b are con- concentrates, or residues so that hydrates, car- stants. 2. A very accurate equation relating bonates, or other compounds are decomposed temperature and resistance of platinum, ac- and the volatile material is expelled. 2. To heat cording to which the temperature is the sum of under oxidizing conditions. { kalsı ¯ n} a linear function of the resistance of platinum calcining furnace [ ENG ] A heating device, such and a small correction term, which is a quadratic as a vertical-shaft kiln, that raises the tempera- function of temperature. { kalиənиdərz ikwa ¯ и ture (but not to the melting point) of a substance zhən} such as limestone to make lime. Also known Callendar’s thermometer See platinum resistance as calciner. { kalsinиiŋfərиnəs} thermometer. { kalиənиdərz thərma ¨ mиədиər} calefaction [ ENG ] 1. Warming. 2. The condi- calorie [ THERMO ] Abbreviated cal; often desig- tion of being warmed. { ¦kalиə¦fakиshən} nated c. 1. A unit of heat energy, equal to calender [ ENG ] 1. To pass a material between 4.1868 joules. Also known as International rollers or plates to thin it into sheets or to make Table calorie (IT calorie). 2. A unit of energy, it smooth and glossy. 2. The machine which equal to the heat required to raise the tempera- performs this operation. { kalиənиdər} ture of 1 gram of water from 14.5Њ to 15.5ЊCat calibrating tank [ ENG ] A tank having known ca- a constant pressure of 1 standard atmosphere; pacity used to check the volumetric accuracy of equal to 4.1855 Ϯ 0.0005 joules. Also known liquid delivery by positive-displacement meters. as fifteen-degrees calorie; gram-calorie (g-cal); Also known as meter-proving tank. { kalи small calorie. 3. A unit of heat energy equal əbra ¯ dиiŋtaŋk} to 4.184 joules; used in thermochemistry. Also calibration curve [ ENG ] A plot of calibration known as thermochemical calorie. { kalиəиre ¯ } data, giving the correct value for each indicated calorific value [ ENG ] Quantity of heat liberated reading of a meter or control dial. { kalиəbra ¯ и on the complete combustion of a unit weight or shən kərv } unit volume of fuel. { ¦kalиə¦rifиik valиyu ¨ } calibration markers [ ENG ] On a radar display, calorifier [ ENG ] A device that heats fluids by electronically generated marks which provide circulating them over heating coils. { kəlo ˙ rи numerical values for the navigational parameters əfı ¯ иər} such as bearing, distance, height, or time. calorimeter [ ENG ] An apparatus for measuring { kalиəbra ¯ иshən ma ¨ rиkərz } heat quantities generated in or emitted by mate- California polymerization [ CHEM ENG ] A poly- rials in processes such as chemical reactions, merization process for converting C 3 ϪC 4 olefins changes of state, or formation of solutions. to motor fuel by utilizing a catalyst of phosphoric { kalиərimиədиər} acid on quartz chips. { ¦kalиə¦fo ˙ rиnyə pəlimиəи calorimetric test [ ENG ] The use of a calorimeter rəza ¯ иshən} caliper [ DES ENG ] An instrument with two legs to determine the thermochemical characteristics 84 cantilever of propellants and explosives; properties nor- cam profile [ DES ENG ] The shape of the con- toured cam surface by means of which motionmally determined are heat of combustion, heat of explosion, heat of formation, and heat of reac- is communicated to the follower. Also known as pitch line. { kam pro ¯ fı ¯ l}tion. { kə¦lo ˙ rиə¦meиtrik test } calorimetry [ ENG ] The measurement of the camshaft [ MECH ENG ] A rotating shaft to which a cam is attached. { kamshaft }quantity of heat involved in various processes, such as chemical reactions, changes of state, can [ DES ENG ] A cylindrical metal vessel or con- tainer, usually with an open top or a removableand formations of solutions, or in the determina- tion of the heat capacities of substances; funda- cover. { kan } canal [ CIV ENG ] An artificial open waterwaymental unit of measurement is the joule or the calorie (4.184 joules). { kalиərimиəиtre ¯ } used for transportation, waterpower, or irriga- tion. [ DES ENG ] A groove on the underside of calyx [ ENG ] A steel tube that is a guide rod and is also used to catch cuttings from a drill rod. a corona. { kənal } canalization [ ENG ] Any system of distributionAlso known as bucket; sludge barrel; sludge bucket. { ka ¯ liks } canals or conduits for water, gas, electricity, or steam. { kanиəlиəza ¯ иshən} calyx drill [ ENG ] A rotary core drill with hard- ened steel shot for cutting rock. Also known as cancellation circuit [ ELECTR ] A circuit used in providing moving-target indication on a planshot drill. { ka ¯ liks dril } cam [ MECH ENG ] A plate or cylinder whichcom- position indicator scope; cancels constant- amplitude fixed-target pulses by subtraction ofmunicates motion to a follower by means of its edge or a groove cut in its surface. { kam } successive pulse trains. { kanиsəla ¯ иshən sərи kət} cam acceleration [ MECH ENG ] The acceleration of the cam follower. { kam akиselиəra ¯ иshən} canister See charcoal canister. { kanиəstər} canned motor [ MECH ENG ] A motor enclosed camber [ DES ENG ] Deviation from a straight line; the term is applied to a convex, edgewise within a casing along with the driven element (that is, a pump) so that the motor bearingssweep or curve, or to the increase in diameter at the center of rolled materials. { kamиbər } are lubricated by the same liquid that is being pumped. { ¦kand mo ¯ dиər} camber angle [ MECH ENG ] The inclination from the vertical of the steerable wheels of an automo- canned pump [ MECH ENG ] A watertight pump that can operate under water. { ¦kand pəmp }bile. { kamиbər aŋиgəl} cam cutter [ MECH ENG ] A semiautomatic or au- cannibalize [ ENG ] To remove parts from one piece of equipment and use them to replace like,tomatic machine that produces the cam contour by swinging the work as it revolves; uses a master defective parts in a similar piece of equipment in order to keep the latter operational. { kanиcam in contact with a roller. { kam kədиər} cam dwell [ DES ENG ] That part of a cam surface əиbəlı ¯ z} canonical equations of motion See Hamilton’sbetween the opening and closing acceleration sections. { kam dwel } equations of motion. { kəna ¨ nиəиkəlikwa ¯ и zhənz əv mo ¯ иshən} cam engine [ MECH ENG ] A piston engine in which a cam-and-roller mechanism seems to canonical form [ CONT SYS ] A specific type of dynamical system representation in which theconvert reciprocating motion into rotary motion. { kam enиjən } associated matrices possess specific row-col- umn structures. { kəna ¨ nиəиkəl fo ˙ rm } camera study See memomotion study. { kamиrə stədиe ¯ } canonically conjugate variables [ MECH ] A gen- eralized coordinate and its conjugate momen- cam follower [ MECH ENG ] The output link of a cam mechanism. { kam fa ¨ lиəиwər } tum. { kəna ¨ nиəиkle ¯ ¦kanиjəиgət verиe ¯ иəиbəlz } canonical momentum See conjugate momentum. cam mechanism [ MECH ENG ] A mechanical linkage whose purpose is to produce, by means { kəna ¨ nиəиkəlməmentиəm} canonical transformation [ MECH ] A transfor-of a contoured cam surface, a prescribed motion of the output link. { kam mekиənizиəm } mation which occurs among the coordinates and momenta describing the state of a classical dy- cam nose [ MECH ENG ] The high point of a cam, which in a reciprocating engine holds valves namical system and which leaves the form of Hamilton’s equations of motion unchanged.open or closed. { kam no ¯ z} cam pawl [ MECH ENG ] A pawl which prevents a Also known as contact transformation. {kəna ¨ nиəиkəl tranzиfərma ¯ иshən}wheel from turning in one direction by a wedging action, while permitting it to rotate in the other cant file [ DES ENG ] A fine-tapered file with a triangular cross section, used for sharpening sawdirection. { kam po ˙ l} Campbell-Stokes recorder [ ENG ] A sunshine teeth. { kant fı ¯ l} cant hook [ DES ENG ] A lever with a hooklikerecorder in which the time scale is supplied by the motion of the sun and which has a spherical attachment at one end, used in lumbering. { kant hu ˙ k}lens that burns an image of the sun upon a specially prepared card. { ¦kamиəl ¦sto ¯ ks ri cantilever [ ENG ] 1. A beam or member securely fixed at one end and hanging free at the otherko ˙ rdиər} camp ceiling [ BUILD ] A ceiling that is flat in the end. 2. In particular, in an atomic force micro- scope a very small beam that has a tip attachedcenter portion and sloping at the sides. { kamp se ¯ иliŋ } to its free end; the deflection of the beam is used 85 cantilever bridge to measure the force acting on the tip. { kantи the antenna-ground capacitance and sets off the əle ¯ иvər} alarm. { kəpasиəиtəns ¦ ˙ pиəra ¯ dиədintru ¨ иzhən cantilever bridge [ CIV ENG ] A fixed bridge con- ditekиtər} sisting of two spans projecting toward each other capacitance standard See standard capacitor. and joined at their ends by a suspended simple {kəpasиəиtəns stanиdərd } span. { kantиəle ¯ иvər ¦brij } capacitive coupling [ ELEC ] Use of a capacitor cantilever footing [ CIV ENG ] A footing used to to transfer energy from one circuit to another. carry a load from two columns, with one column {kəpasиəиtəns kəpиliŋ } and one end of the footing placed against a capacitive electrometer [ ENG ] An instrument building line or exterior wall. { kantиəle ¯ иvər for measuring small voltages; the voltage is ap- fu ˙ dиiŋ } plied to the plates of a capacitor when they are cantilever retaining wall [ CIV ENG ] A type of close together, then the voltage source is re- wall formed of three cantilever beams: stem, toe moved and the plates are separated, increasing projection, and heel projection. { kantиəle ¯ иvər the potential difference between them to a mea- rita ¯ nиiŋ wo ˙ l} surable value. Also known as condensing elec- cantilever spring [ MECH ENG ] A flat spring sup- trometer. { kə¦pasиədиiv ilektra ¨ mиədиər} ported at one end and holding a load at or near capacitive pressure transducer [ ENG ] A meas- the other end. { kantиəle ¯ иvər spriŋ } urement device in which variations in pressure cantilever vibration [ MECH ] Transverse oscilla- upon a capacitive element proportionately tory motion of a body fixed at one end. { kantи change the element’s capacitive rating and thus əle ¯ иvərvı ¯ bra ¯ иshən} the strength of the measured electric signal from canting [ MECH ] Displacing the free end of a the device. { kə¦pasиədиiv preshиər tranzdu ¨ и beam which is fixed at one end by subjecting it sər} to a sideways force which is just short of that capacitor [ ELEC ] A device which consists es- required to cause fracture. { kantиiŋ } sentially of two conductors (such as parallel canting strip See water table. { kantиiŋstrip } metal plates) insulated from each other by a cant strip [ BUILD ] 1. A strip placed along the dielectric and which introduces capacitance into angle between a wall and a roof so that the a circuit, stores electrical energy, blocks the flow roofing will not bend sharply. 2. A strip placed of direct current, and permits the flow of alternat- under the edge of the lowest row of tiles on a roof to give them the same slope as the other ing current to a degree dependent on the capaci- tiles. { kant strip } tor’s capacitance and the current frequency. Sym- cap [ ENG ] A detonating or blasting cap. bolized C. Also known as condenser; electric { kap } condenser. { kəpasиədиər} capacitance [ ELEC ] The ratio of the charge on capacitor bank [ ELEC ] A number of capacitors one of the conductors of a capacitor (there being connected in series or in parallel. { kəpasиədи an equal and opposite charge on the other con- ər baŋk} ductor) to the potential difference between the capacitor color code [ ELEC ] A method of mark- conductors. Symbolized C. Formerly known as ing the value on a capacitor by means of dots capacity. [ ENG ] In a closed feedwater heater, or bands of colors as specified in the Electronic the volume of water required for proper opera- Industry Association color code. { kəpasиədиər tion of the drain control valve. { kəpasиəиtəns } kəlиər ko ¯ d} capacitance altimeter [ ENG ] An absolute altim- capacitor hydrophone [ ENG ACOUS ] A capaci- eter which determines height of an aircraft tor microphone that responds to waterborne aboveground by measuring the variations in ca- sound waves. { kəpasиədиər hı ¯ иdrəfo ¯ n} pacitance between two conductors on the air- capacitor loudspeaker See electrostatic loud- craft when the ground is near enough to act as speaker. { kəpasиədиər lau ˙ dspe ¯ kиər} a third conductor. { kəpasиəиtəns altimиədиər} capacitor microphone [ ENG ACOUS ] A micro- capacitance bridge [ ELEC ] A bridge for com- phone consisting essentially of a flexible metal paring two capacitances, such as a Schering diaphragm and a rigid metal plate that together bridge. { kəpasиəиtəns brij } form a two-plate air capacitor; sound waves set capacitance level indicator [ ENG ] A level indi- the diaphragm in vibration, producing capaci- cator in which the material being monitored tance variations that are converted into audio- serves as the dielectric of a capacitor formed by frequency signals by a suitable amplifier circuit. a metal tank and an insulated electrode mounted Also known as condenser microphone; electro- vertically in the tank. { kəpasиəиtəns ¦levиəl inи static microphone. { kəpasиədиər mı ¯ иkrəfo ¯ n} dəka ¯ dиər} capacitor pickup [ ENG ACOUS ] A phonograph capacitance meter [ ENG ] An instrument used pickup in which movements of the stylus in a to measure capacitance values of capacitors or record groove cause variations in the capaci- of circuits containing capacitance. { kəpasиəи tance of the pickup. { kəpasиədиər pikиəp} təns me ¯ dиər} capacity See capacitance. { kəpasиədиe ¯ } capacitance-operated intrusion detector [ ENG ] capacity correction [ ENG ] The correction ap- A boundary alarm system in which the approach plied to a mercury barometer with a nonadjust- of an intruder to an antenna wire encircling the protected area a few feet above ground changes able cistern in order to compensate for the 86 carbon burning rate change in the level of the cistern as the atmos- long-term additions or improvements and pheric pressure changes. { kəpasиədиe ¯ kərekи charged to a capital assets account. { kapиətи shən} əlikspenиdiиchər} capacity factor [ IND ENG ] The ratio of average capped fuse [ ENG ] A length of safety fuse with actual use to the available capacity of an appara- the cap or detonator crimped on before it is tus or industrial plant to store, process, treat, taken to the place of use. { kapt fyu ¨ z} manufacture, or produce. { kəpasиədиe ¯ fakи capping [ ENG ] Preparation of a capped fuse. tər} { kapиiŋ } cap crimper [ ENG ] A tool resembling a pliers cap screw [ DES ENG ] A screw which passes that is used to press the open end of a blasting through a clear hole in the part to be joined, cap onto the safety fuse before placing the cap screws into a threaded hole in the other part, in the primer. { kap krimиpər} and has a head which holds the parts together. cape chisel [ DES ENG ] A chisel that tapers to a { kap skru ¨ } flat, narrow cutting end; used to cut flat grooves. capstan [ ENG ] A shaft which pulls magnetic { ka ¯ p chizиəl} tape through a machine at constant speed. cape foot [ MECH ] A unit of length equal to { kapиstən} 1.033 feet or to 0.3148584 meter. { ka ¯ p fu ˙ t} capstan nut [ DES ENG ] A nut whose edge has capillarity correction [ ENG ] As applied to a several holes, in one of which a bar can be in- mercury barometer, that part of the instrument serted for turning it. { kapиstən nət} correction which is required by the shape of the capstan screw [ DES ENG ] A screw whose head meniscus of the mercury. { kapиəlarиədиe ¯ has several radial holes, in one of which a bar kərekиshən} can be inserted for turning it. { kapиstən skru ¨ } capillary collector [ ENG ] An instrument for col- capsule [ ENG ] A boxlike component or unit, lecting liquid water from the atmosphere; the often sealed. { kapиsəl} collecting head is fabricated of a porous material captive fastener [ DES ENG ] A screw-type fas- having a pore size of the order of 30 micrometers; tener that does not drop out after it has been the pressure difference across the water-air inter- unscrewed. { kapиtiv fasиənиər} face prevents air from entering the capillary sys- captive test [ ENG ] A hold-down test of a pro- tem while allowing free flow of water. { kapи pulsion subsystem, rocket engine, or motor. əlerиe ¯ kəlekиtər} { kapиtiv test } capillary drying [ ENG ] Progressive removal of capture area [ ENG ACOUS ] The effective area of moisture from a porous solid mass by surface the receiving surface of a hydrophone, or the evaporation followed by capillary movement of available power of the acoustic energy divided more moisture to the drying surface from the by its equivalent plane-wave intensity. { kapи moist inner region, until the surface and core chər erиe ¯ иə } stabilize at the same moisture concentration. capturing [ ENG ] The use of a torquer to restrain { kapиəlerиe ¯ drı ¯ иiŋ } the spin axis of a gyro to a specified position capillary electrometer [ ENG ] An electrometer relative to the spin reference axis. { kapиchəи designed to measure a small potential difference riŋ } between mercury and an electrolytic solution in car See automobile. { ka ¨ r} a capillary tube by measuring the effect of this Carathe ´ odory’s principle [ THERMO ] An expres- potential difference on the surface tension be- sion of the second law of thermodynamics which tween the liquids. Also known as Lippmann says that in the neighborhood of any equilibrium electrometer. { kapиə lerиe ¯ ilektra ¨ mиədиər} state of a system, there are states which are not capillary fitting [ ENG ] A pipe fitting having a accessible by a reversible or irreversible adia- socket-type end so that when the fitting is sol- batic process. Also known as principle of inac- dered to a pipe end, the solder flows by capillar- cessibility. { ka ¨ rиəta ¯ иədo ˙ rиe ¯ z prinиsəиpəl} ity along the annular space between the pipe carbide tool [ DES ENG ] A cutting tool made of exterior and the socket within it, forming a tight tungsten, titanium, or tantalum carbides, having fit. { kapиəlerиe ¯ fidиiŋ } high heat and wear resistance. { ka ¨ rbı ¯ d tu ¨ l} capillary tube [ ENG ] A tube sufficiently fine so carbometer [ ENG ] An instrument for measuring that capillary attraction of a liquid into the tube the carbon content of steel by measuring mag- is significant. { kapиəlerиe ¯ tu ¨ b} netic properties of the steel in a known magnetic capillary viscometer [ ENG ] A long, narrow tube field. { ka ¨ rba ¨ mиədиər} that is used to measure the laminar flow of fluids. carbonation [ CHEM ENG ] The process by which { kapиəlerиe ¯ viska ¨ mиədиər} a fluid, especially a beverage, is impregnated capital amount factor [ IND ENG ] Any of 20 com- with carbon dioxide. { ka ¨ rиbəna ¯ иshən} mon compound interest formulas used to calcu- carbon bit [ DES ENG ] A diamond bit in which late the equivalent uniform annual cost of all the cutting medium is inset carbon. { ¦ka ¨ rи cash flows. { kapиətиəl əmau ˙ nt fakиtər} bən ¦bit } capital budgeting [ IND ENG ] Planning the most carbon burning rate [ CHEM ENG ] The weight of effective use of resources to obtain the highest carbon burned per unit time from the catalytic- possible level of sustained profits. { kapиətиəl cracking catalyst in the regenerator. { ¦ka ¨ rиbən bəjиədиiŋ } capital expenditure [ IND ENG ] Money spent for bərnиiŋra ¯ t} 87 carbon canister carbon canister See charcoal canister. { ¦ka ¨ rиbən expansive cooling and evaporation of gasoline. { ka ¨ rиbəredиər ı ¯ иsiŋ } kanиəиstər} card [ ELECTR ] A printed circuit board or other carbon dioxide fire extinguisher [ CHEM ENG ] A arrangement of miniaturized components that type of chemical fire extinguisher in which the can be plugged into a computer or peripheral extinguishing agent is liquid carbon dioxide, device. { ka ¨ rd } stored under 800–900 pounds per square inch Cardan joint See Hooke’s joint. { ka ¨ rdan jo ˙ int } (5.5–6.2 megapascals) at normal room tempera- Cardan motion [ MECH ENG ] The straight-line ture. { ¦ka ¨ rиbəndı ¯ a ¨ ksı ¯ d fı ¯ rikstiŋиgwishиər} path followed by a moving centrode in a four- carbon hydrophone [ ENG ACOUS ] A carbon mi- bar centrode linkage. { ka ¨ rdan mo ¯ иshən} crophone that responds to waterborne sound Cardan shaft [ MECH ENG ] A shaft with a univer- waves. { ¦ka ¨ rиbən hı ¯ иdrəfo ¯ n} sal joint at its end to accommodate a varying carbon knock [ MECH ENG ] Premature ignition shaft angle. { ka ¨ rdan shaft } resulting in knocking or pinging in an internal Cardan’s suspension [ DES ENG ] An arrange- combustion engine caused when the accumula- ment of rings in which a heavy body is mounted tion of carbon produces overheating in the cylin- so that the body is fixed at one point; generally der. { ka ¨ rиbən na ¨ k} used in a gyroscope. { ka ¨ rdanz səspenиshən} carbon microphone [ ENG ACOUS ] A micro- card-edge connector [ ELEC ] A connector that phone in which a flexible diaphragm moves in mates with printed-wiring leads running to the response to sound waves and applies a varying edge of a printed circuit board on one or both pressure to a container filled with carbon gran- sides. Also known as edgeboard connector. ules, causing the resistance of the microphone { ka ¨ rd ej kənekиtər} to vary correspondingly. { ¦ka ¨ rиbən mı ¯ иkrəfo ¯ n} cardioid microphone [ ENG ACOUS ] A micro- carbon-pile pressure transducer [ ENG ] A phone having a heart-shaped, or cardioid, re- measurement device in which variations in pres- sponse pattern, so it has nearly uniform re- sure upon a conductive carbon core proportion- sponse for a range of about 180Њ in one direction ately change the core’s electrical resistance, and and minimum response in the opposite direc- thus the strength of the measured electric signal tion. { ka ¨ rdиe ¯ o ˙ id mı ¯ иkrəfo ¯ n} from the device. { ka ¨ rиbən pı ¯ l preshиər tranz cardioid pattern [ ENG ] Heart-shaped pattern du ¨ иsər} obtained as the response or radiation character- carbon residue [ CHEM ENG ] The quantity of istic of certain directional antennas, or as the carbon produced from a lubricating oil heated response characteristic of certain types of micro- in a closed container under standard conditions. phones. { ka ¨ rdиe ¯ o ˙ id padиərn } { ka ¨ rиbən rezиədu ¨ } card key access [ ENG ] A physical security sys- carbon-residue test [ CHEM ENG ] A destructive- tem in which doors are unlocked by placing a distillation method for estimation of carbon resi- badge that contains magnetically coded informa- dues in fuels and lubricating oils. Also known tion in proximity to a reading device; some sys- as Conradson carbon test. { ka ¨ rиbən rezиədu ¨ tems also require the typing of this information test } on a keyboard. { ka ¨ rd ke ¯ akses } carbon resistance thermometer [ ENG ] A highly car dump [ MECH ENG ] Any one of several de- sensitive resistance thermometer for measuring vices for unloading industrial or railroad cars by temperatures in the range 0.05–20 K; capable of rotating or tilting the car. { ka ¨ r dəmp } measuring temperature changes of the order car-following theory [ ENG ] A mathematical 10 Ϫ5 degree. { ka ¨ rиbənri¦zisиtəns thərma ¨ mи model of the interactions between motor vehi- ədиər} cles in terms of relative speed, absolute speed, carbon transducer [ ENG ] A transducer con- and separation. { ka ¨ rfa ¨ lиəиwiŋthe ¯ иəиre ¯ } sisting of carbon granules in contact with a fixed cargo boom [ MECH ENG ] A long spar extending electrode and a movable electrode, so that mo- from the mast of a derrick to support or guide tion of the movable electrode varies the resist- objects lifted or suspended. { ka ¨ rиgo ¯ bu ¨ m} ance of the granules. { ka ¨ rиbən tranzdu ¨ иsər} cargo mill [ IND ENG ] A sawmill equipped with carburetion [ CHEM ENG ] The process of en- docks so the product can be loaded directly onto riching a gas by adding volatile carbon com- ships. { ka ¨ rиgo ¯ mil } pounds, such as hydrocarbons, to it, as in the cargo winch [ MECH ENG ] A motor-driven manufacture of carbureted water gas. [ MECH hoisting machine for cargo having a drum around ENG ] The process of mixing fuel with air in a which a chain or rope winds as the load is lifted. carburetor. { ka ¨ rиbəra ¯ иshən} { ka ¨ rиgo ¯ winch } carburetor [ CHEM ENG ] An apparatus for va- carillon [ ENG ] A musical instrument played porizing, cracking, and enriching oils in the man- from a keyboard with two or more full chromatic ufacture of carbureted water gas. [ MECH octaves of fine bells shaped for homogeneity of ENG ] A device that makes and controls the pro- timbre. { ka ¨ rиəla ¨ n} portions and quantity of fuel-air mixture fed to Carnot-Clausius equation [ THERMO ] For any a spark-ignition internal combustion engine. system executing a closed cycle of reversible { ka ¨ rиbəredиər} changes, the integral over the cycle of the infini- carburetor icing [ MECH ENG ] The formation of tesimal amount of heat transferred to the system divided by its temperature equals 0. Alsoice in an engine carburetor as a consequence of 88 cascade known as Clausius theorem. { ka ¨ r¦no ¯ t klo ˙ zиe ¯ и carrier pipe [ ENG ] Pipe used to carry or conduct fluids, as contrasted with an exterior protectiveəsikwa ¯ иzhən} Carnot cycle [ THERMO ] A hypothetical cycle or casing pipe. { karиe ¯ иər pı ¯ p} carrousel [ IND ENG ] In an assembly-line opera-consisting of four reversible processes in succes- sion: an isothermal expansion and heat addition, tion, a conveyor that moves objects in a com- plete circuit on a horizontal plane. { kaиrəsel }an isentropic expansion, an isothermal compres- sion and heat rejection process, and an isen- carrying capacity [ ELEC ] The maximum amount of current or power that can be safelytropic compression. { ka ¨ rno ¯ siиkəl} Carnot efficiency [ THERMO ] The efficiency of a handled by a wire or other component. { karи e ¯ иiŋ kəpasиədиe ¯ }Carnot engine receiving heat at a temperature absolute T 1 and giving it up at a lower tempera- carry-over [ CHEM ENG ] Unwanted liquid or solid material carried by the overhead effluentture absolute T 2 ; equal to (T 1 Ϫ T 2 )/T 1 .{ka ¨ rno ¯ ifishиənиse ¯ } from a fractionating column, absorber, or reac- tion vessel. { karиe ¯ o ¯ иvər} Carnot engine [ MECH ENG ] An ideal, friction- less engine which operates in a Carnot cycle. car shaker [ MECH ENG ] A device consisting of a heavy yoke on an open-top car’s sides that{ka ¨ rno ¯ enиjən} Carnot number [ THERMO ] A property of two actively vibrates and rapidly discharges a load, such as coal, gravel, or sand, when an unbal-heat sinks, equal to the Carnot efficiency of an engine operating between them. { ka ¨ rno ¯ anced pulley attached to the yoke is rotated fast. { ka ¨ r sha ¯ kиər}nəmиbər} Carnot’s theorem [ THERMO ] 1. The theorem car stop [ ENG ] An appliance used to arrest the movement of a mine or railroad car. { ka ¨ rthat all Carnot engines operating between two given temperatures have the same efficiency, and sta ¨ p} Cartesian-coordinate robot [ CONT SYS ] A robotno cyclic heat engine operating between two given temperatures is more efficient than a Car- having orthogonal, sliding joints and supported by a nonrotary base as the axis. { ka ¨ rte ¯ иzhənnot engine. 2. The theorem that any system has two properties, the thermodynamic tempera- ko ¯ ¦o ˙ rdиənиət ro ¯ ba ¨ t} Cartesian diver manostat [ ENG ] Preset, on-off-ture T and the entropy S, such that the amount of heat exchanged in an infinitesimal reversible control manometer arrangement by which a specified low pressure (high vacuum) is main-process is given by dQ ϭ TdS; the thermodynamic temperature is a strictly increasing function of tained via the rise or submergence of a margin- ally buoyant float within a liquid mercury reser-the empirical temperature measured on an arbi- trary scale. { ka ¨ rnoz thirиəm } voir. { ka ¨ rte ¯ иzhan ¦dı ¯ vиər manиəstat } cartridge [ ENG ] A cylindrical, waterproof, paper carousel [ MECH ENG ] A rotating transport sys- tem that transfers and presents workpieces for shell filled with high explosive and closed at both ends; used in blasting. [ ENG ACOUS ] Seeloading and unloading by a robot or other ma- chine. { karиəsel } phonograph pickup; tape cartridge. { ka ¨ rиtrij } cartridge filter [ ENG ] A filter for the clarification carpenter’s level [ DES ENG ] A bar, usually of aluminum or wood, containing a spirit level. of process liquids containing small amounts of solids; turgid liquid flows between thin metal{ ka ¨ rиpənиtərz levиəl} car retarder [ ENG ] A device located along the disks, assembled in a vertical stack, to openings in a central shaft supporting the disks, and solidstrack to reduce or control the velocity of railroad or mine cars. { ¦ka ¨ rrita ¨ rdиər } are trapped between the disks. { ka ¨ rиtrij filи tər} carriage [ ENG ] 1. A device that moves in a pre- determined path in a machine and carries some cartridge starter [ MECH ENG ] An explosive device which, when placed in an engine and det-other part, such as a recorder head. 2. A mecha- nism designed to hold a paper in the active por- onated, moves a piston, thereby starting the engine. { ka ¨ rиtrij sta ¨ rdиər}tion of a printing or typing device, for example, a typewriter carriage. [ MECH ENG ] A structure car tunnel kiln [ ENG ] A long kiln with the fire located near the midpoint; ceramic ware is firedon an industrial truck or stacker that supports forks or other attached equipment and travels by loading it onto cars which are pushed through the kiln. { ka ¨ r tənиəl kil }vertically within the mast. { karиij } carriage bolt [ DES ENG ] A round-head type of Casale process [ CHEM ENG ] A process that employs promoted iron oxide catalyst for synthe-bolt with a square neck, used with a nut as a through bolt. { karиij bo ¯ lt } sis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen. {kəsa ¨ lиe ¯ pra ¨ sиəs} carriage stop [ MECH ENG ] A device added to the outer way of a lathe bed for accurately spac- cascade [ ELEC ] An electric-power circuit ar- rangement in which circuit breakers of reduceding grooves, turning multiple diameters and lengths, and cutting off pieces of specified thick- interrupting ratings are used in the branches, the circuit breakers being assisted in their protectionness. { karиij sta ¨ p} carrier [ MECH ENG ] Any machine for trans- function by other circuit breakers which operate almost instantaneously. Also known as backupporting materials or people. { karиe ¯ иər} carrier line [ ELEC ] Any transmission line used arrangement. [ ELECTR ] See avalanche. [ ENG ] An arrangement of separation devices,for multiple-channel carrier communication. { karиe ¯ иər lı ¯ n } such as isotope separators, connected in series 89 cascade compensation so that they multiply the effect of each individual bodies breaks clear and falls to the top of the crop load. { kaska ¯ dиiŋ } device. { kaska ¯ d} cascading drain [ MECH ENG ] A flow of water cascade compensation [ CONT SYS ] Compen- into the closed shell of a feedwater heater from sation in which the compensator is placed in a water source maintained at a higher pressure. series with the forward transfer function. Also {kaska ¯ dиiŋdra ¯ n} known as series compensation; tandem compen- case [ ENG ] An item designed to hold a specific sation. { kaska ¯ dka ¨ mиpənsa ¯ иshən} item in a fixed position by virtue of conforming cascade control [ CONT SYS ] An automatic con- dimensions or attachments; the item which it trol system in which various control units are contains is complete in itself for removal and linked in sequence, each control unit regulating use outside the container. { ka ¯ s} the operation of the next control unit in line. case bay [ BUILD ] A division of a roof or floor, {kaska ¯ dkəntro ¯ l} consisting of two principal rafters and the joists cascade cooler [ CHEM ENG ] Fluid-cooling de- between them. { ka ¯ s ba ¯ } vice through which the fluid flows in a series of casement window [ BUILD ] A window hinged on horizontal tubes, one above the other; cooling the side that opens to the outside. { ka ¯ sиmənt water from a trough drips over each tube, then winиdo ¯ } to a drain. Also known as serpentine cooler; casing [ BUILD ] A finishing member around the trickle cooler. { kaska ¯ d ku ¨ иlər} opening of a door or window. [ DES ENG ] The cascaded [ ENG ] Of a series of elements or de- outer portion of a tire assembly consisting of vices, arranged so that the output of one feeds fabric or cord to which rubber is vulcanized. directly into the input of another, as a series of [ MECH ENG ] A fire-resistant covering used to dynodes or a series of airfoils. { kaska ¯ dиəd} protect part or all of a steam generating unit. cascade impactor [ ENG ] A low-speed im- { ka ¯ siŋ } paction device for use in sampling both solid casing nail [ DES ENG ] A nail about half a gage and liquid atmospheric suspensoids; consists of thinner than a common wire nail of the same four pairs of jets (each of progressively smaller length. { ka ¯ siŋna ¯ l} size) and sampling plates working in series and casing shoe [ ENG ] A ring with a cutting edge designed so that each plate collects particles of on the bottom of a well casing. { ka ¯ siŋshu ¨ } one size range. { kaska ¯ dimpakиtər} cassette [ ENG ] A light-tight container designed cascade limiter [ ELECTR ] A limiter circuit that to hold photographic film or plates. [ ENG uses two vacuum tubes in series to give im- ACOUS ] A small, compact container that holds proved limiter operation for both weak and a magnetic tape and can be readily inserted into strong signals in a frequency-modulation re- a matching tape recorder for recording or play- ceiver. Also known as double limiter. { ka back; the tape passes from one hub within the ska ¯ d limиədиər} container to the other hub. { kəset } cascade mixer-settler [ CHEM ENG ] Series of cast [ ENG ] 1. To form a liquid or plastic sub- liquid-holding vessels with stirrers, each con- stance into a fixed shape by letting it cool in the nected to an unstirred vessel in which solids or mold. 2. Any object which is formed by placing heavy immiscible liquids settle out of suspen- a castable substance in a mold or form and sion; light liquid moves through the mixer-settler allowing it to solidify. Also known as casting. units, counterflowing to heavy material, in such { kast } a manner that fresh liquid contacts treated heavy Castaing-Slodzian mass analyzer See direct- material, and spent (used) liquid contacts fresh imaging mass analyzer. { ¦kasиtaŋ ¦slo ¯ иzhən (untreated) heavy material. { kaska ¯ d ¦mikиsər mas anиəlı ¯ zиər} ¦setиlər} castellated bit [ DES ENG ] 1. A long-tooth, saw- cascade pulverizer [ MECH ENG ] A form of tum- tooth bit. 2. A diamond-set coring bit with a bling pulverizer that uses large lumps to do the few large diamonds or hard metal cutting points pulverizing. { kaska ¯ d pəlиvərı ¯ zиər} set in the face of each of several upstanding cascade system [ MECH ENG ] A combination of prongs separated from each other by deep water- two or more refrigeration systems connected in ways. Also known as padded bit. { kasи series to produce extremely low temperatures, təla ¯ dиəd bit } with the evaporator of one machine used to cool castellated nut [ DES ENG ] A type of hexagonal the condenser of another. { kaska ¯ d sisиtəm} nut with a cylindrical portion above through cascade tray [ CHEM ENG ] A fractionating appa- which slots are cut so that a cotter pin or safety ratus that consists of a series of parallel troughs wire can hold it in place. { kasиtəla ¯ dиəd nət} arranged in stairstep fashion. { kaska ¯ d tra ¯ } caster [ ENG ] 1. The inclination of the kingpin cascading [ ELEC ] An effect in which a failure or its equivalent in automotive steering, which of an electrical power system causes this system is positive if the kingpin inclines forward, nega- to draw excessive amounts of power from power tive if it inclines backward, and zero if it is vertical systems which are interconnected with it, caus- as viewed along the axis of the front wheels. ing them to fail, and these systems cause adja- 2. A wheel which is free to swivel about an axis cent systems to fail in a similar manner, and so at right angles to the axis of the wheel, used to forth. [ MECH ENG ] An effect in ball-mill rotat- support trucks, machinery, or furniture. { kasи tər}ing devices when the upper level of crushing 90 catforming cast-film extrusion See chill-roll extrusion. { ¦kast catalytic polymerization [ CHEM ENG ] Polymeri- ¦film ikstru ¨ иzhən} zation of monomers to form high-molecular- Castigliano’s principle See Castigliano’s theorem. weight molecules in the presence of catalysts. { kasиtilya ¨ иno ¯ z prinиsəиpəl} { ¦kadиəl¦idиik pəlimиəиrəza ¯ иshən} Castigliano’s theorem [ MECH ] The theorem catalytic reforming [ CHEM ENG ] Rearranging of that the component in a given direction of the hydrocarbon molecules in a gasoline boiling- deflection of the point of application of an exter- range feedstock to form hydrocarbons having a nal force on an elastic body is equal to the partial higher antiknock quality. Abbreviated CR. derivative of the work of deformation with re- { ¦kadиəl¦idиik re ¯ fo ˙ rиmiŋ } spect to the component of the force in that direc- cat-and-mouse engine [ MECH ENG ] A type of tion. Also known as Castigliano’s principle. rotary engine, typified by the Tschudi engine, { kasиtilya ¨ иno ¯ z thirиəm} which is an analog of the reciprocating piston casting See cast. { kastиiŋ } engine, except that the pistons travel in a circular casting area [ ENG ] In plastics injection mold- motion. Also known as scissor engine. { ¦kat ing, the moldable area of a thermoplastic mate- ən mau ˙ s enиjən} rial for a given thickness and under given condi- cataracting [ MECH ENG ] A motion of the tions of molding. { kastиiŋerиe ¯ иə } crushed bodies in a ball mill in which some, casting strain [ MECH ] Any strain that results leaving the top of the crop load, fall with impact from the cooling of a casting, causing casting to the toe of the load. { kadиərakиtiŋ } stress. { kastиiŋstra ¯ n} catastrophic failure [ ENG ] 1. A sudden failure casting stress [ MECH ] Any stress that develops without warning, as opposed to degradation fail- in a casting due to geometry and casting shrink- ure. 2. A failure whose occurrence can prevent age. { kastиiŋstres } the satisfactory performance of an entire assem- Castner cell [ CHEM ENG ] A type of mercury cell bly or system. { kadиəstra ¨ fиik fa ¯ lиyər} used in the commercial production of chlorine catch [ DES ENG ] A device used for fastening a and sodium. { kastиnər sel } door or gate and usually operated manually from Castner process [ CHEM ENG ] A process used only one side, for example, a latch. { kach } industrially to make high-test sodium cyanide catch basin [ CIV ENG ] 1. A basin at the point by reacting sodium, glowed charcoal, and dry where a street gutter empties into a sewer, built ammonia gas to form sodamide, which is con- to catch matter that would not easily pass verted to cyanamide immediately; the cyana- through the sewer. 2. A well or reservoir into mide is converted to cyanide with charcoal. which surface water may drain off. { kach { kastиnər pra ¨ sиəs} ba ¯ иsən} cast setting See mechanical setting. { kast catching diode [ ELECTR ] Diode connected to sedиiŋ } act as a short circuit when its anode becomes catalyst stripping [ CHEM ENG ] Introduction of positive; the diode then prevents the voltage of steam to remove hydrocarbons retained on the catalyst; the steam is introduced where the spent a circuit terminal from rising above the diode catalyst leaves the reactor. { kadиəlиəst stripи cathode voltage. { kachиiŋdı ¯ o ¯ d} iŋ } catchwater [ CIV ENG ] A ditch for catching water catalytic activity [ CHEM ENG ] The ratio of the on sloping land. { kachwo ˙ dиər} space velocity of a catalyst being tested, to the cat cracker [ CHEM ENG ] A refinery unit where space velocity required for a standard catalyst catalytic cracking is done. { kat krakиər} to give the same conversion as the catalyst under catenary suspension [ ENG ] Holding a flexible test. { ¦kadиəl¦idиik aktivиədиe ¯ } wire or chain aloft by its end points; the wire or catalytic converter [ CHEM ENG ] A device that chain takes the shape of a catenary. { katи is fitted to the exhaust system of an automotive ənerиe ¯ səspenиshən} vehicle and contains a catalyst capable of con- caterpillar [ MECH ENG ] A vehicle, such as a verting potentially polluting exhaust gases into tractor or army tank, which runs on two endless harmless or less harmful products. { ¦kadиəl¦idи belts, one on each side, consisting of flat treads ik kənvərdиər} and kept in motion by toothed driving wheels. catalytic cracker See catalytic cracking unit. { kadиərpilиər} { ¦kadиəl¦idиik krakиər} caterpillar chain [ DES ENG ] A short, endless catalytic cracking [ CHEM ENG ] Conversion of chain on which dogs (grippers) or teeth are ar- high-boiling hydrocarbons into lower-boiling ranged to mesh with a conveyor. { kadиərpilи types by a catalyst. { ¦kadиəl¦idиik krakиiŋ } ər cha ¯ n} catalytic cracking unit [ CHEM ENG ] A unit in a caterpillar gate [ CIV ENG ] A steel gate carried petroleum refinery in which a catalyst is used to on crawler tracks that is used to control water carry out cracking of hydrocarbons. Also known flow through a spillway. { kadиərpilиər ga ¯ t} as catalytic cracker. { ¦kadиəl¦idиik krakиiŋyu ¨ и catforming [ CHEM ENG ] A naphtha-reforming nət} process with a catalyst of platinum-silica-alu- catalytic hydrogenation [ CHEM ENG ] Hydro- mina which results in very high hydrogen purity. genating by means of catalysts such as nickel or palladium. { ¦kadиəl¦idиik hı ¯ иdrəиjəna ¯ иshən} {katfo ˙ rиmiŋ } 91 [...]... single unit of a battery [IND ENG] A manufacturing unit consisting of a group of work stations and their interconnecting materials-transport mechanisms and storage buffers { sel } cellular cofferdam [CIV ENG] A cofferdam consisting of interlocking steel-sheet piling driven as a series of interconnecting cells; cells may be of circular type or of straight-wall diaphragm type; space between lines of pilings... A unit of heat energy, equal to 0.01 of the quantity of heat needed to raise 1 pound of air-free water from 0 to 100ЊC at a constant pressure of 1 standard atmosphere; equal to 1900 .44 joules Symbolized CHU; (more correctly) CHUmean { sentиə grad ¯ ¨ het yuиnət } ¯ center of gravity centigrade temperature scale See Celsius tempera- ture scale { sentиə grad temиprəиchər skal } ¯ ¯ [MECH] Unit of mass... coefficient of capacitance [ELEC] One of the coefficients which appears in the linear equations giving the charges on a set of conductors in terms of the potentials of the conductors; a coefficient is equal to the ratio of the charge on a given conductor to the potential of the same conductor when the potentials of all the other conductors are 0 { ¦koиə fishиənt əv kə pasиəи ¯ təns } coefficient of compressibility... property of a substance capable of being reduced in volume by application of pressure; quantitively, the reciprocal of the bulk modulus { kəm presиə bilиədиe } ¯ compressibility factor [THERMO] The product of the pressure and the volume of a gas, divided by the product of the temperature of the gas and the gas constant; this factor may be inserted in the ideal gas law to take into account the departure of. .. interchange of traffic without direct crossings and left turns { kloиvər lef } ¯ ¯ clusec [MECH ENG] A unit of power used to measure the power of evacuation of a vacuum pump, equal to the power associated with a leak rate of 1 centiliter per second at a pressure of 1 millitorr, or to approximately 1.33322 ϫ 10Ϫ6 ¨ watt { ¦klu¦sek } cluster [ENG] 1 A pyrotechnic signal consisting of a group of stars or... momentum of the system is zero Also known as center of momentum coordinate system { senиtər əv mas ko ordиnət sisиtəm } ¯ ˙ center -of- momentum coordinate system See center -of- mass coordinate system { senиtər əv mə menиtəm ko ordиnət sisиtəm } ¯ ˙ center of oscillation [MECH] Point in a physical pendulum, on the line through the point of suspension and the center of mass, which moves as if all the mass of. .. volume of a substance 108 cog resulting from a unit increase in pressure; it is the reciprocal of the bulk modulus { ¦koиə fishи ¯ ənt əv kəm presиə bilиədиe } ¯ coefficient of conductivity See thermal conductivity { ¦koиə fishиənt əv kanиdək tivиədиe } ¨ ¯ ¯ coefficient of cubical expansion [THERMO] The increment in volume of a unit volume of solid, liquid, or gas for a rise of temperature of 1Њ at... as coefficient of expansion; coefficient of thermal expansion; coefficient of volumetric expansion; expansion coefficient; expansivity { ¦koиə fishиənt əv ¯ ¨ kyubиəиkəl ik spanиshən } coefficient of elasticity See modulus of elasticity { ¦koиə fishиənt əv i las tisиədиe } ¯ ¯ coefficient of expansion See coefficient of cubical expansion { ¦koиə fishиənt əv ik spanиshən } ¯ coefficient of friction [MECH]... One of the coefficients which appears in the linear equations giving the charges on a set of conductors in terms of the potentials of the conductors; a coefficient is equal to the ratio of the charge on a given conductor to the potential on another conductor, when the potentials of all the other conductors equal 0 { ¦koиə fishиənt əv in dəkиshən } ¯ coefficient of kinetic friction [MECH] The ratio of. .. force, parallel to the surface of contact, that opposes the motion of a body which is sliding or rolling over another, to the force, normal to the surface of contact, with which the bodies press against each other { ¦koиə fishиənt əv kə nedиik frikиshən } ¯ coefficient of linear expansion [THERMO] The increment of length of a solid in a unit of length for a rise in temperature of 1Њ at constant pressure . nor- cam profile [ DES ENG ] The shape of the con- toured cam surface by means of which motionmally determined are heat of combustion, heat of explosion, heat of formation, and heat of reac- is. ku ¨ иlər} opening of a door or window. [ DES ENG ] The cascaded [ ENG ] Of a series of elements or de- outer portion of a tire assembly consisting of vices, arranged so that the output of one feeds fabric. group center of suspension [ MECH ] The intersection of buildings, facilities, or even a complete com- of the axis of rotation of a pendulum with a plane munity through a system of distribution