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Tài liệu tham khảo: Điều tra đánh giá các mục tiêu trẻ em và phụ nữ Việt Nam 2006
i u tra ánh giá m c tiêu v tr em ph n Vi t Nam 2006 Viet Nam Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2006 - MICS3 GSO T ng c c Th ng kê Vi t Nam General Statistics Office of Viet Nam UNICEF Qu Nhi ng Liên hi p qu c Ph i h p v i/In cooperation with VCPFC y ban Dân s , Gia ình Tr em Vi t Nam Viet Nam Committee for Population, Family and Children Hà N i, 7-2007 i u tra ánh giá m c tiêu v tr em ph n 2006 (MICS3) c T ng c c Th ng kê Vi t Nam (GSO) th c hi n ph i h p v i y ban Dân s , Gia ình Tr em (VCPFC) Cu c i u tra c Qu Nhi ng Liên hi p qu c (UNICEF) h tr v tài k thu t The Viet Nam Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was carried by General Statistics Office of Viet Nam (GSO) in collaboration with Viet Nam Committee for Population, Family and Children (VCPFC) Financial and technical support was provided by the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Cu c i u tra c ti n hành khuôn kh i u c t ch c t i h n tra MICS vòng (MICS3) 50 qu c gia toàn th gi i vào n m 2005-2006 ti p theo hai vòng i u tra u tiên c ti n hành n m 1995 2000 Các công c i u tra s d ng theo mơ hình tiêu chu n D án MICS toàn c u xây d ng Các công c c thi t k nh m thu th p thông tin v tình hình tr em ph n t i n c th gi i Thông tin v D án c cung c p trang web MICS toàn c u www.childinfo.org The survey has been conducted as part of the third round of MICS surveys (MICS3), carried out around the world in more than 50 countries, in 2005-2006, following the first two rounds of MICS surveys that were conducted in 1995 and the year 2000 Survey tools are based on the models and standards developed by the global MICS project, designed to collect information on the situation of children and women in countries around the world Additional information on the global MICS project may be obtained from www.childinfo.org Khuy n ngh l i d n: Suggested citation: TCTK 2006 i u tra ánh giá m c tiêu tr em ph n Vi t Nam 2006 (MICS3), Báo cáo cu i Hà N i, Vi t Nam: T ng c c Th ng kê GSO 2006 Viet Nam Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2006, Final Report Ha Noi, Viet Nam: General Statistics Office M cl c Table of contents Danh sách bi u s li u/ List of Tables Danh sách bi u /List of Figures Danh sách t vi t t t 10 List of Abbreviations 11 L i nói u 12 Forewords 13 B n hành Vi t Nam/Viet Nam Admin stration Map 15 B ng tóm t t k t qu 16 Summary Table of Findings 17 Tóm t t báo cáo/Executive Summary 22 I Gi i thi u/Introduction .32 Thông tin chung/Background 32 M c tiêu i u tra/Survey Objectives 34 II M u ph ng pháp lu n i u tra/Sample and Survey Methodology .35 Thi t k m u/Sample Design 35 B ng câu h i/Questionnaires 35 T p hu n i u tra t i a bàn/Training and Fieldwork 37 X lý s li u/Data Processing 37 III Ph m vi m u, c tr ng c a h gia ình ng i tr l i/Sample Coverage, the Characteristics of Households and Respondents 38 Ph m vi m u/Sample Coverage .38 Các c tr ng h gia ình/Characteristics of Households .38 Các c tr ng c a ng i tr l i/Characteristics of Respondents 40 IV T vong tr em/Child Mortality 42 V Dinh d ng/Nutrition 44 Tình tr ng dinh d ng tr em d i tu i/Nutrition Status 44 Nuôi b ng s a m /Breastfeeding 44 S d ng mu i I- t/Salt Iodization 53 B sung vitamin A/Vitamin A Supplements 55 Cân n ng s sinh/Low Birth Weight .58 VI S c kh e tr em/Child Health .61 Tiêm ch ng/Immunization .61 Phòng u n ván/Tetanus Toxoid .64 S d ng ORT ( i u tr m t n c qua ng u ng)/Oral Rehydration Treatment 66 Ch m sóc i u tr viêm ph i b ng kháng sinh/Care Seeking and Antibiotic Treatment of Pneumonia 68 S d ng ch t t r n/Solid Fuel Use .70 S t rét/Malaria .71 VII Môi tr ng/Environment 75 N c cơng trình v sinh/Water and Sanitation 75 VIII S c kh e sinh s n Reproductive Health .82 Phòng tránh thai/Contraception .82 Ch m sóc tr c sinh/Antenatal Care .83 Tr giúp sinh con/Assistance at Delivery 85 T vong m /Maternal Mortality 86 IX Phát tri n tr em/Child Development 89 X Giáo d c Education 93 i h c m u giáo s! s"n sàng i h c l p 1/Pre-School Attendance and School Readiness .93 i h c Ti#u h c Trung h c (Trung h c c s$ Trung h c ph thông)/Primary and Secondary School Participation .94 Bi t ch $ ng i tr $ng thành/Adult Literacy 99 XI B o v tr em Child Protection 101 ng ký khai sinh/Birth Registration 101 Lao ng tr em/Child Labour 101 Giáo d c x ph t tr em/Child Discipline 104 K t hôn s m/Early Marriage 105 B o hành gia ình/Domestic Violence .108 Tr em khuy t t t/Child Disability 109 XII HIV/AIDS tr em m côi/ HIV/AIDS and Vulnerable Children 112 Ki n th%c v ng lây truy n HIV/Knowledge of HIV Transmission 112 Tr m& côi/Orphans .117 Tài li u tham kh o .119 List of References 120 Chú thích/Endnotes 121 Bi u s li u i u tra MICS3/MICS3 Data Tables 123 Ph l c/Appendix Ph l c/Appendix A Thi t k m u/Sampling Design Ph l c/Appendix B Danh sách thành viên tham gia i u tra/ List of Personnel Involved in the Survey Ph l c/Appendix C ' c l ng sai s ch n m u/Estimates of Sampling Errors Ph l c/Appendix D B ng ch t l ng s li u/Data Quality Tables Ph l c/Appendix E Ch( tiêu MICS: T s M u s / MICS3 Indicators: Numerator and Denominator Ph l c F : Phi u i u tra Appendix F : MICS3 Questionnaires A1 A2 A4 A6 A33 A48 A59 A89 Danh sách bi u s li u Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi u HH.1: Các k t qu ph ng v n h gia ình thành viên h gia ình u HH.2: Phân b thành viên h gia ình theo nhóm tu i gi i tính u HH.3: C c u h gia ình u HH.4: Phân b ph n theo c tr ng c b n u HH.5: Phân b tr em theo c tr ng c b n u CM.1: T vong tr em u NU.1: Suy dinh d ng tr em u NU.2: Bú m sau sinh u NU.3: Nuôi b ng s a m u NU.4: Tr em c cho n phù h p u NU.5 S d ng mu i I t u NU.6: Tr em c u ng b sung Vitamin A u NU.7: B sung Vitamin A cho bà m sau sinh u NU.8 : Cân n ng s sinh u CH.1: Tiêm ch ng n m u i u CH.1c Tiêm ch ng n m u i (ti p) u CH.2: Tiêm ch ng chia theo c tr ng c b n u CH.2c: Tiêm ch ng chia theo c tr ng c b n (ti p) u CH.3: Phòng u n ván s sinh u CH.4: Li u phát u ng bù n c i u tr tiêu ch y u CH.5: Ki m soát tiêu ch y t i gia ình u CH.6: Khám b nh có d u hi u viêm ph i u CH.7: i u tr kháng sinh có d u hi u viêm ph i u CH.7A: Ki n th c v d u hi u nguy hi m c a b nh viêm ph i u CH.8: S d ng ch t t r n u CH.9: S d ng ch t t r n chia theo lo i b p u CH.10: S d ng t!m thu c ch ng côn trùng u CH.11 Tr em c ng u CH.12: Tr em c u ng thu c ch ng s t rét u CH.13: Li u pháp phịng ch ng s t rét khơng liên t c u EN.1: S d ng ngu"n n c h p v sinh u EN.2: X lý n c c a h gia ình u EN.3: Th i gian n ngu"n n c u EN.4: Ng i i l y n c u EN.5: S d ng h xí h p v sinh u EN.5w: S d ng chung h xí h p v sinh u EN.6: X lý phân c a tr em u EN.7: S d ng ngu"n n c h p v sinh h xí h p v sinh u RH.1: S d ng bi n pháp tránh thai u RH.2: Ng i ch m sóc tr c sinh u RH.3: Các hình th c ch m sóc tr c sinh u RH.4: Ch m sóc sinh 124 126 128 130 132 134 136 138 138 140 140 142 144 144 146 146 148 150 152 154 156 158 160 162 164 166 168 170 172 174 176 178 180 182 184 186 188 190 192 194 196 198 Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi Bi u RH.5: T# su t ch t m u CD.1: H$ tr c a gia ình vi c h%c t&p u CD.2: Tài li u h%c t&p u CD.3: Tr không c trông nom ho c tr khác trông nom u ED.1: i h%c m'u giáo u ED.2: i h%c c p Ti u h%c u ED.3: T# l i h%c úng tu i c p Ti u h%c u ED.4: T# l i h%c úng tu i Trung h%c (Trung h%c c s( THPT) u ED.4w: Tr em tu i Trung h%c (Trung h%c c s( Trung h%c ph thông) i h%c c p Ti u h%c u ED.5: Tr em h%c n l p u ED.6: Hoàn thành c p Ti u h%c chuy n lên c p Trung h%c c s( u ED.7 : Bình )ng gi i giáo d c u ED.8: Bi t ch ng i l n u CP.1: ng ký khai sinh u CP.2: Lao ng tr em u CP.3: Lao ng tr em ang i h%c H%c sinh tham gia lao ng u CP.4: X ph t tr em u CP.5: K t hôn s m u CP.6: Ch nh l ch v tu i c a v ch"ng u CP.7: Thái i v i b o hành gia ình u CP.8: Tr em khuy t t&t u HA.1: Ki n th c phòng ch ng HIV u HA.2: Xác nh nh ng quan ni m sai v HIV/AIDS u HA.3: Ki n th c toàn di n v ng lây truy n HIV/AIDS u HA.4: Ki n th c v lây nhi*m HIV t+ m sang u HA.5: Thái i v i ng i b m c HIV/AIDS u HA.6: Ki n th c v n i xét nghi m HIV u HA.7: Xét nhi m HIV c cung c p thơng tin phịng ch ng HIV i khám thai u HA.8: Hoàn c nh s ng c a tr em tr em m" côi 200 202 204 206 208 210 212 214 216 218 220 222 224 226 228 230 232 234 236 238 240 242 244 246 248 250 252 254 256 List of Tables Table HH.1: Results of household and individual interviews Table HH.2: Household age distribution by sex Table HH.3: Household composition Table HH.4: Women's background characteristics Table HH.5: Children's background characteristics Table CM.1: Early child mortality Table NU.1: Child Malnutrition Table NU.2: Intitial breastfeeding Table NU.3: Breastfeedings Table NU.4: Adequately fed infants Table NU.5 Iodized Salt Consumption Table NU.6: Children's vitamin A supplementation Table NU.7: Post-partum mother's Vitamin A supplementation Table NU.8 : Low birth weight infants Table CH.1: Vaccinations in first year of life Table CH.1c Vaccinations in first year of life (continued) Table CH.2: Vaccinations by background characteristics Table CH.2c: Vaccinations by background characteristics (continued) Table CH.3: Neonatal tetanus protection Table CH.4: Oral rehydration treatment Table CH.5: Home management of diarrhoea Table CH.6: Care seeking for suspected pneumonia Table CH.7: Antibiotic treatment of suspected pneumonia Table CH.7A: Knowledge of the two danger signs of pneumonia Table CH.8: Solid fuel use Table CH.9: Solid fuel use by type of stove or fire Table CH.10: Availability of insecticide treated nets Table CH.11: Children sleeping under bednets Table CH.12: Treatment of children with anti-malarial drugs Table CH.13: Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria Table EN.1: Use of improved water sources Table EN.2: Household water treatment Table EN.3: Time to source of water Table EN.4: Person collecting water Table EN.5: Use of sanitary means of excreta disposal Table EN.5w: Shared use of improved sanitation facilities (working Table) Table EN.6: Disposal of child's faeces Table EN.7: Use of improved water sources and improved sanitation Table RH.1: Use of contraception Table RH.2: Antenatal care provider Table RH.3: Antenatal care content Table RH.4: Assistance during delivery 125 127 129 131 133 135 137 139 139 141 141 143 145 145 147 147 149 151 153 155 157 159 161 163 165 167 169 171 173 175 177 179 181 183 185 187 189 191 193 195 197 199 Table RH.5: Maternal mortality ratio Table CD.1: Family support for learning Table CD.2: Learning materials Table CD.3: Children left alone or with other children Table ED.1: Early childhood education Table ED.2: Primary school entry Table ED.3: Primary school net attendance ratio Table ED.4: Secondary school net attendance ratio Table ED.4w: Secondary school age children attending primary school Table ED.5: Children reaching grade Table ED.6: Primary school completion and transition to secondary education Table ED.7 : Education gender parity Table ED.8: Adult literacy Table CP.1: Birth registration Table CP.2: Child labour Table CP.3: Labourer students and student labourers Table CP.4: Child discipline Table CP.5: Early marriage Table CP.6: Spousal age difference Table CP.7: Attitudes toward domestic violence Table CP.8: Child Disability Table HA.1: Knowledge of preventing HIV transmission Table HA.2: Identifying misconceptions about HIV/AIDS Table HA.3: Comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS transmission Table HA.4: Knowledge of mother-to-child HIV transmission Table HA.5: Attitudes toward people living with HIV/AIDS Table HA.6: Knowledge of a facility for HIV testing Table HA.7: HIV testing and counseling coverage during antenatal care Table HA.8: Children's living arrangments and orphanhood 201 203 205 207 209 211 213 215 217 219 221 223 225 227 229 231 233 235 237 239 241 243 245 247 249 251 253 255 257 Danh sách bi u List of Figures Bi u "/Figure HH.1: Phân ph i tu i gi i tính c a t ng th h gia ình /Age and sex distribution of household population Vi t Nam, 2006 .Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure CM.1 T# su t ch t tr em d i tu i/ Under-5 mortality rates Vi t Nam, 2006Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure NU.1: T# l % tr em d i tu i b suy dinh d ng/ Percentage of children under5 who are undernourished Vi t Nam, 2006 Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure NU.2 Phân b % tr em d i tu i theo mơ hình n u ng theo nhóm tu i /% distribution of children aged under years by feeding pattern by age group Vi t Nam, 2006 Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure NU.3: T# l % dân s s d ng mu i i- t úng tiêu chu!n /Percentage of population using adequately iodized salt Vi t Nam, 2005 .Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure CH.1: T# l % tr em 12-23 tháng c tiêm lo i v c xin c b n vòng 12 tháng tu i /Percentage of children aged 12-23 months received basic vaccinations by 12 months Vi t Nam, 2006 Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure CH.2: T# l % ph n sinh 12 tháng qua c b o v ch ng l i u n ván/Percentage of women with a live birth in the last 12 months protected against neonatal tetanus Vi t Nam, 2006 Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure EN.1: Phân b % dân s theo ngu"n n c u ng/ Percent distribution of population by source of drinking water Vi t Nam, 2006 Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure EN.2 T# l % h gia ình có ngu"n n c u ng khuôn viên nhà/ Percentage of households with drinking water source on premise Vi t Nam, 2006Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure CP.1: Phân b tr em 6-17 tu i khuy t t&t theo tu i / Age distribution of 6-17 year old disable children Vi t Nam, VHLSS 2006 .Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure CP.1a T# l % tr em 10-15 tu i bi t ch chia theo tình tr ng khuy t t&t /Percentage of literated children aged 10-15 years by disable status Vi t Nam, VHLSS2006 Error! Bookmark not defined Bi u "/Figure HA.1: T# l % ph n 15-49 tu i có hi u bi t toàn di n v lây nhi*m HIV/AIDS /Percentage of women who have comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS transmission Vi t Nam, 2006 Error! Bookmark not defined !' % # ' / This section is to be admistrated to all women age 15- 49 who had live births during years before the interview Woman No.: Woman No.: Name: Name: 88 ' > $ / & " ################################ / & " $ ########################## + ##################################################### ' #################################################### (If card is seen, use it to check the answers to the following questions) 88 , ; ; $ ################################################## + #################################################### 88% 88% ' #################################################### 88 ; $ (If donot know, enter 98 TT5) 88! 88 $ SECTION 2D doses and above Under doses TT5 88% ' ; $ ################################################### + ##################################################### $ ' ' #################################################### $ ' 88* ' ; $ (If number of times is not known, enter 98) 88+ ; -$ R RS R R RR R RS R R RR & '( & '''( "################################## D = & )$ &/ , ################################## + ############################################# B 4+ A ' $ ################################################## + ##################################################### ' #################################################### * ' + Woman No.: Name: E F G - ) Woman No.: Name: E F G MN3A Weight MN3B Blood pressure MN3C Urine sample MN3D Blood sample MN3E Ultra-sound scan !' 2 &1 C< '"$ ################################################## + ##################################################### ' #################################################### %1 B &1 C< '" $$ ################################################## 4+ A + ##################################################### ' #################################################### 4+ A *1 B $ ################################################### + ##################################################### ' #################################################### *& ' $$ ################################################### + ##################################################### + ' #################################################### + MN6B Which medicines did you take to prevent malaria? Circle all medicines taken If type of medicine is not determined, show typical anti-malarial to respondent A %7 "& ###################################### A B &H ###################################### ! X )$ & ############################################### E Z ' #################################################### F MN6C Interviewer check MN6B for medicine taken If SP/Fansidar has not been taken *' ' "D< $ MN7 Who assisted with the delivery of your last born child [NAME]? Probe and circle all answers given ' $& ############################################### A + & > ": ################################## ! ( $,& :$ @ : H $ # ##################################### & &0 & "7 & ########## + ##################################################### $ B MA4 What is your marital status now? " : "########################################### ' = & "########################################### , & $ "######################################### MA5 Have you been married or in union only once or more than once? ) ######################################### 7&* ( & $ ################################ MA6A In what month and year were you married/in union? _ _ /_ _ _ _ Do not know month, enter 98 Do not know year, enter 9998 Know both month and year SECTION 2F Do not know either month or year MA8 MA6B In what month and year were you first married or in union? Do not know month, enter 98 _ _ /_ _ _ _ Do not know year, enter 9998 Know both month and year SECTION 2F Do not know either month or year MA8 MA8 How old were you when you started living with your first husband/partner? (age in completed years) !' 2% # ' ! Woman No.: Name: _ _ /_ _ _ _ _ _ /_ _ _ _ ! Administrate CP0 to all women age 15-49 The next questions in this section are only to be administrated to women age 15-49 who are currently married or in union Woman No.: Woman No.: Name: Name: CP0 Interviewer check MA1 of the SECTION 2E & $ & & "7 & ############### + ##################################################### D & $ ,& * $ & #################### D ########################################## !6 > $ #################################### + ##################################################### ' ##################################################### If birth certificate is given, check the birthdate If birth certificate is not given, refer to other documents (e.g health card, etc Correct the given birthdate, if necessary ( )NAME’S4 $ #################################################### !+ ##################################################### ' ##################################################### !BR3 Why has [NAME’S] birth not been registered? Record one main reason $$ ######################################## -$ ################################################### + ##################################################### G4 ' ################################################### G4 ) &7 2 (:= E ; $ ################################################## + ##################################################### ' #################################################### IM12 Has [NAME] ever been given any “vaccination drops in the mouth” to protect him/her from getting po io disease? ################################################## + ##################################################### G4 ' #################################################### G4 ! ) &7 2 $5 IM15 Has [NAME] ever been given DPT vaccination? (sometimes given at the same time of anti-polio vaccination) ################################################## + ##################################################### G4 ' #################################################### G4 * ) &7 2 $5 + ) &7 2 ; < 6 ################################################## + ##################################################### ' #################################################### 0D ) &7 > - C & -$ ################################################## + ##################################################### ' #################################################### IM19A Monthly immunization day $5 - > IM19B Periodic immunization day IM19C Immunization Campaign day INTERVIEWER CHECK AND INTERVIEW THE NEXT MOTHER/PRIMARY CARETAKER FOR THE NEXT U5 CHILDREN (IF ANY] IF INFORMATION OF ALL U5 CHILDREN HAVE BEEN COLLECTED, INTERVIEWER FILL IN THE QUESTION 1A CHECK ALL QUESTIONNAIRES, THANK THE HOUSEHOLD AND CONCLUDE THE INTERVIEW A118 ... qu i u tra ánh giá m c tiêu tr em ph n Vi t Nam 2006 (MICS3) M c tiêu phát tri n thiên niên k# (MDG) Ch tiêu MICS Ch Ch tiêu MDG 13 14 T! su t ch t tr em d T! su t ch t tr em d Ch tiêu Giá tr... i u tra ánh giá m c tiêu v tr em ph n Vi t Nam 2006 T ng c c Th ng kê Vi t Nam t ch c Cu c i u tra cung c p thơng tin có giá tr v th c tr ng tr em ph n Vi t Nam ph n l n nh m áp ng nhu c u giám... reliable judgements M c tiêu i u tra Survey Objectives i u tra ánh giá m c tiêu v tr em ph n Vi t Nam 2006 có m t s m c tiêu ch y u sau: Cung c p thông tin c p nh t ph c v ánh giá tình hình tr em ph