Homework checking Homework checking 4.2. Count & Noncount nouns 1. C - N 2. C - N 3. N - C 4. C - N 5. N - N - C 6. C - C 7. N - N 8. N 9. C 10. C - N Homework checking Homework checking 4.5. Specific and Generic reference 1. G - G 2. S - S 3. S - G - G 4. S - G 5. G - G 11. Progressive aspect 6. S - S 7. G - G 8. S - G 9. S - G 10. S - S Homework checking Homework checking 4.6. Use of the articles 1. The - X 2. X - X 3. The - the - the - X 4. X - X 5. X - X 6. a - the - X - the - a/the 7. The - a - X 8. the - a - a 9. X - a/the - X 10. a 11. the - the 12. the/X - X 13. A 14. The 15. X 16. a 17. The 18. an 19. the 20. the Homework checking Homework checking 4.12. Uses of the genitive 1. The departure of the plane 2. The capture of the lion 3. The man's cake 4. The men's store 5. The city of Chicago 6. The team's coach 7. The one week's vacation 8. The hand of the clock 9. The man's dog 10. that of Jim's 11. a student of Plato's 12. The doctor's office Homework checking Homework checking Exercise 69 2. It 3. their 4. them 5. it 6. one 7. which 8. we 9. The 10. this/the 11. an 12. their 13. their/the 14. they 15. the 16. a 17. what 18. which 19. us 20. its 21. It 22. their 23. we/one 24. their 25. It 26. they 27. them 28. the 29. this/the 30. their E_English Grammar Course E_English Grammar Course Unit 3 NOUN PHRASE (cont.) Issues Issues  NOUN PHRASE – Basic NP • Determiners – Predeterminers – Central determiners – Postdeterminers – Complex NP • Modification – Premodification – Postmodification – Multiple modification = typically constructed by either a noun or a pronoun as the head & other constituents as modifiers Eg. A nice girl leaning against the wall Noun Phrase Noun Phrase Basic NP Basic NP Complex NP Complex NP Noun phrases Noun phrases Noun Phrase Noun Phrase Basic NP Basic NP Complex NP Complex NP Basic Noun phrases E.g.: All these 10 pupils Basic NP Basic NP (Determiners) (Determiners) Head noun Head noun + [...]... day, three times each year Pre-determiners Determiners Pre-determiners fraction (one-third, two-fifths, three-quarters, etc.) + the fractions have the alternative of- construction E.g.: He took only two-thirds (of) the books on the table + the indefinite article can replace ‘one’ E.g.: He did it in one-third / a third (of) the time it took me Pre-determiners Determiners Pre-determiners Such/ what + occur... possessive, wh-words, some, any (stressed), no E.g.: - Do you want me to turn off the light? - I love my family - What colour do you like? - I have some friends in London - I won’t give this pen to any student - She has no idea at all  Central Determiners Determiners Central determiners (2) zero article, some, any (unstressed) enough   E.g.: - Love is not everything - I want some beer, please - Have we...Determiners Determiners = words of close-system used before a N to “determine” the precise meaning of the N Pre-determiners Central determiners Post-determiners Pre-determiners Determiners Pre-determiners all, both, half • mutually exclusive E.g.: all girls, both girls BUT NOT: all both girls See more in 4.7 - 4.9 multipliers fractions such, what Pre-determiners Determiners Pre-determiners + before: + not before:... everything - I want some beer, please - Have we got any wine for tonight? - I did not have enough time to do this Central Determiners Determiners Central determiners  (3) a(n) every each either neither E.g.: - My friend gave me a flower / an apple - I want to ask each/every person individually - You can put it on either table - Neither party accepted such a proposal Central Determiners Determiners Central... There was a lot of food on the table Close-system quantifiers Open-class quantifiers Noun phrases Noun Phrase Basic NP Complex NP Complex noun phrase Complex NP Pre+ modification E.g.: All the 11 PostHead noun + modification pupils playing football Modification Modification function status Restrictive Permanent Non-restrictive Temporary See more in 13. 3 - 13. 4 Modification Modification • helps identify... possessive, wh-words, Some, any (stressed), no 6 classes based on their co-occurrence with the noun classes (singular count, plural count, and non-count) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) zero article some, any (unstressed) enough a(n) every each Either neither this that these those much See more in 4.5 Central Determiners Central Determiners in respect to their co-occurrence with the noun classes COUNT SINGULAR NON-COUNT... enough, (n)either, every) Pre-determiners Determiners Pre-determiners + take partitive “of-phrases” all, both, half optional with nouns E.g.: all (of) the time obligatory with pronouns E.g.: all of them, both of us, half of it + “all, both”: occur after the head, either immediately or after the operator E.g.: They (all) were (all) accepted Pre-determiners Determiners Pre-determiners multipliers Once,... determiners (5)  these those E.g.: - Did you read these stories yesterday? - Have you seen those girls? Central Determiners Determiners Central determiners (6) much  E.g.: He wants much sugar in his coffee Post Determiners Determiners Post determiners Cardinal numerals Ordinal numerals/general ordinals Close-system quantifiers Open-class quantifiers See more in 4.10 - 4.15 Post Determiners Determiners... Determiners Post determiners Cardinal numerals Ordinal numerals/general ordinals Close-system quantifiers Open-class quantifiers • include: one, two, three, etc E.g.: my three son his two books Post Determiners Determiners Post determiners Cardinal numerals Ordinal numerals/general ordinals Close-system quantifiers Open-class quantifiers • ordinal numerals: first,second, third, etc • general ordinals:... additional, further E.g.: the first time another candidate Post Determiners Determiners Post determiners Cardinal numerals Ordinal numerals/general ordinals Close-system quantifiers Open-class quantifiers • before count Ns: many, (a) few, several • before non-count Ns: much, (a) little E.g.: a few words much stress Post Determiners Determiners Post determiners • include:Cardinal a great deal of, lots of, a good . nouns 1. C - N 2. C - N 3. N - C 4. C - N 5. N - N - C 6. C - C 7. N - N 8. N 9. C 10. C - N Homework checking Homework checking 4.5. Specific and Generic reference 1. G - G 2. S - S 3. S - G - G 4 X - X 3. The - the - the - X 4. X - X 5. X - X 6. a - the - X - the - a/the 7. The - a - X 8. the - a - a 9. X - a/the - X 10. a 11. the - the 12. the/X - X 13. A 14. The 15. X 16. a 17. The 18 G 4. S - G 5. G - G 11. Progressive aspect 6. S - S 7. G - G 8. S - G 9. S - G 10. S - S Homework checking Homework checking 4.6. Use of the articles 1. The - X 2. X - X 3. The - the - the - X 4.