tr−êng §¹i häc Vinh T¹p chÝ khoa häc, tËp XXXVIII, sè 2A-2009 75 Some RECORD OF RAPTOR IN PU HUONG NATURE RESERVE, NGHE AN PROVINCE Hoang Ngoc Thao (a) , Nguyen Cu (b) Abstract. Pu Huong Nature Reserve (NR) is located in the western of Nghe An Province. At present, the avifauna of the Pu Huong NR is still little known, especially for raptor species. Observation of raptors in the Reserve was conducted within 2004 - 2007. A total of 21 species (included nocturnal and diurnal raptors) have been recorded. The paper also provided distribution in different habitats types, conservation status, as well as all threats to the raptors in Pu Huong NR. I. INTRODUCTION Surveys on raptors in Vietnam were realized by authors: Nguyen Cu (1998) on distribution and status of raptors in Vietnam [7]; Nguyen Cu (2000) on conservation status of raptors in Annamese Lowlands [9]; Le Manh Hung (2002) survey on raptors in Vietnam [3]; Le Manh Hung and Nguyen Cu (2005) survey on raptor migration in Tam Dao, Xuan Thuy, Cuc Phuong in north Vietnam [4]… Pu Huong NR situated in the mountainous area of western region of Nghe An province, North Central Vietnam (see map). It’s location from 19 0 15' to 19 0 29' N and from 104 0 43' to 105 0 00' E. The reserve was proposed to establish in 1986, but it has been gazetted in 1997, with total area (final revised) of 49,806 ha and, the most of which covered by evergreen tropical forests, includes various of forest types, mainly a primary and secondary evergreen forests, and mixed forest with bamboo. Today, the Western Region of Nghe An Province is one of six World Biosphere reserves of Vietnam. The avifauna of the Pu Huong NR is poor known, especially raptors species and, this paper presenting the results of raptor species in the reserve within 2004 - 2007. II. SURVEY AREA and Methods 2.1. Survey area The primary and secondary evergreen forests, and mixed forest with bamboo are main types of forests which are covering the reserve. The bird surveys undertaken within 2004 - 2007 at twenty locations which are belong to four forest sectors of the reserve: The locations of raptor surveys in Pu Huong NR included Six in Quy Hop forest sector: (1) Ha Na ridge, (2) Cay Xoan camp, (3) Co stream, (4) Bo Doi road, (5) Hin Dong stream, (6) La Han stream; Eight in Quy Chau forest sector: (7) Cuom village, (8) Nhap stream, (9) Phep stream, (10) Phep slope, (11) Cay De camp, (12) Bo stream, (13) Trang Tranh stream, (14) Cua stream; Four in Que Phong forest sector: (15) Ta village, (16) Ta slope, (17) Huoi Lac stream, (18) Ton stream; Two in Tuong Duong forest sector: (19) Na Kho village and (20) Kho stream. NhËn bµi ngµy 11/2/2009. Söa ch÷a xong 27/5/2009. H. N.c Thao, N. Cu Some RECORD OF RAPTOR IN PU HUONG NATURE , Tr. 75-80 76 Following map shows Pu Huong NR in Nghe An Province: 2.2. Methods Raptors were observed by as common methods used such as binoculars and together calling heard at night for the most of owl species. Using drawings, photos in the field guide books on observing natural birds: Boonsong Lekagul, Philip D. Round, 1991 [1]; Nguyen Cu, Le Trong Trai, Karen Phillipps, 2000 [8]; Field guidebook on birds of Asian South East by Craig Robson, 2000, etc. [10]. Using some raptor specimens which are maintaining in the bird collection of Vinh University, Nghe An Province. Some species were recorded by documents [5, 6]. III. RESULT AND discussion 3.1. Species composition of raptor in Pu Huong NR Species composition of raptor in Pu Huong NR shows in table 1. Table 1: List of raptors were recorded in Pu Huong NR No Species Localition (a) Number of record Remark Falconiformes Hawks, Eagles Accipitridae 1 Black Baza Aviceda leuphotes (Dumont, 1820) (*) Doc. tr−êng §¹i häc Vinh T¹p chÝ khoa häc, tËp XXXVIII, sè 2A-2009 77 No Species Localition (a) Number of record Remark 2 Black-shoudered Kite Elanus caeruleus (Desfontaines, 1789) (*) Doc. 3 Black Kite Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783) 8,12 2 S 4 Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornis cheela (Latham, 1790) 7,8,9,12 6 S, C, Doc. 5 Grey-faced Buzzard Eagle Butastur indicus (Gmelin, 1788) 9 1 S 6 Asian Crested Goshawk Accipiter trivirgatus (Temminck, 1824) 9 1 S, Doc. 7 Japanese Sparrowhawk Accipiter gularis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) 9 1 S 8 Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus (Linnaeus, 1758) (*) Doc. 9 Indian Black Eagle Ictinaetus malayensis (Temminck, 1822) 8,12,13,19 4 S 10 Rufous-bellied Eagle Hieraaetus kienerii (Geoffroy Saint- Hilaire, 1835) (*) Doc. 11 Mountain Hawk Eagle Spizaetus nipalensis (Hodgson, 1836) 9,12,13 4 S Falconidae 12 Pied Falconet Microhierax melanoleucos (Blyth, 1843) (*) Doc. 13 Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus, 1758 (*) Doc. 14 Oriental Hobby Falco severus Horsfield, 1821 (*) Doc. Strigiformes Owls - Strigidae 15 Mountain Scops Owl Otus spilocephalus (Blyth, 1846) 2,7,8,11,12,13 6 C 16 Collared Scops Owl Otus bakkamoena Pennant, 1769 9,13,17 4 C H. N.c Thao, N. Cu Some RECORD OF RAPTOR IN PU HUONG NATURE , Tr. 75-80 78 No Species Localition (a) Number of record Remark 17 Collared Owlet Glaucidium brodiei (Burton, 1836) 1,3,4,8,9,12,13, 14, 18,20 13 C 18 Cuckoo Owlet Glaucidium cuculoides (Virgors, 1831) 1,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,12, 13,14,16,18,20 37 C, Doc. 19 Brown Hawk Owl Ninox scutulata (Raffles, 1822) 8,9 4 C, Doc. 20 Brown Fish Owl Ketupa zeylonensis (Gmelin, 1788) (*) Doc. 21 Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica Temminck, 1831 (*) Doc. Remark: (a) The numbers 1, 2, … 20, see Survey areas; (*) Species were recorded by documents [5, 6]. The total of 21 species (included nocturnal and diurnal raptors) belonging to 3 families has been recorded in Pu Huong NR. Among them, Accipitridae have species’s number is highest (11 species, 52,38% total species were recorded); Falconidae have 3 species (14,29% of total recorded species), and Strigidae have 7 species (33,33% of total recorded species). Table 2: Comparison on raptors species between Pu Huong NR and Vietnam Family Vietnam Pu Huong NR % of Vietnam Accipitridae 39 11 28,21% Falconidae 15 3 20,00% Strigidae 15 7 46,67% A total 69 21 30,43% The quantity of species in the same families in Vietnam and Pu Huong NR were presented as above tab. 2. Accipitridae included 11/39 species (28,21% in total species), Falconidae: 3/15 species (20%) and Strigidae 7/15 species (46,67%). 3.2. Distribution of raptor in Pu Huong NR In Quy Chau and Quy Hop forest blocks there are a big number of raptor recorded, especially the owlet species in Quy Chau (Cuckoo Owlet was observed 37 times in 14 localities; Collared Owlet - 13 times in 10 localities and, Mountain Scop Owl - 6 times in 6 localities). It is considered as to cause by a good forest remaining and, the activities of logging and hunting didn’t so high in the past time. The number of records of Accipitridae and Falconidae species during surveys is low such as Crested Serpent Eagle had seen 6 times, Indian Black Eagle, and Mountain Hawk Eagle - 4 times. There is only one record of each species such as Grey-faced Buzzard Eagle, Asian Crested Goshawk and Japanese Sparrowhawk. tr−êng §¹i häc Vinh T¹p chÝ khoa häc, tËp XXXVIII, sè 2A-2009 79 The distribution of bird species in habitats types is unfixed due to their movement. The birds often move from this habitat to others at random, and it is also strongly depending on different biological features of each species. The most raptors can be observed in different habitats types of the reserve, such as Crested Serpent Eagle, Grey-faced Buzzard Eagle, Asian Crested Goshawk, Japanese Sparrowhawk, Indian Black Eagle, Mountain Hawk Eagle and Black Kite. However, many Owls have been found mostly in the secondary forests and along the bank of streams of the reserve. Such as Cuckoo Owlet, Collared Owlet, Collared Scops Owl, Mountain Scops Owl usually found in secondary forests, side forest habitat, secondary bushy barren or residential area. 3.3. Conservation status A total 21 species of raptor have the importance value for gene source conservation: they were listed in App. II of CITES 2003 [2]. Among them, there are 2 species were listed in Decision Number 32/2006 of the Government of Vietnam in group IIB are Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornis cheela and Brown Fish Owl Ketupa zeylonensis. 3.4. The threats are impacting to the raptors in the reserve Logging of timber and non-timber products is happening in some of forest sectors of the reserve. Illegal exploitation and hunting natural resources, especially wild animals for commercial purposes, foods and trading are still common. Law enforcement is limitted in the region as well as inside the reserve. Forest fire for expanding agriculture land is happening in some the parts of the reserve. The knowledge on the conservation of local people, especially ethnic groups are low, and their life continuing to depending on the forest resources. REFERENCES [1] Boonsong Lekagul, Philip D. Round, A field guide to the birds of Thailand, Saha Karn Bhaet Co. Ltd., Thailand, 1991. [2] CITES 2003, List species database, UNEP-WCMC Species database: CITES- Listed Species. [3] Le Manh Hung, Notes on raptors observed during bird surveys in Vietnam: October 2001 - July 2002, Bulletin of the Asian Raptor Research & Conservation Network, No.3: December 2002, pp: 1 - 6. [4] Le Manh Hung and Nguyen Cu, Raptor migration survey in North Vietnam during autumn 2004 and spring 2005, Proceedings of the 4 th Symposium on Asian raptors, Taiping, Perak, Malaysia, 28 - 31 October, 2005. [5] Management board of Pu Huong Nature Reserve, The project investing and building up Pu huong Nature Reserve project, Nghean province, 5/2002. H. N.c Thao, N. Cu Some RECORD OF RAPTOR IN PU HUONG NATURE , Tr. 75-80 80 [6] Neville Kemp and Michael Dilger, Site Description and Conservation Evaluation: Bu Huong Proposed Nature Reserve Quy Chau District, Nghe An Province, Vietnam, The Society for Environmental Exploration and Xuan Mai Forestry College, in Collaboration with The Ministry of Forestry, Hanoi, 1996. [7] Nguyen Cu, Present distribution and status of raptors in Vietnam, Proceedings of The First Symposium on Raptors of Asia, Lake Biwa Museum, Shiga, Japan. December 12 - 13, 1998. [8] Nguyen Cu, Le Trong Trai, Karen Phillipps, Birds of Viet Nam, Society and Labour Publishing house, 2000. [9] Nguyen Cu, Conservation status of raptors in Annamese Lowlands, Proceedings of The 2 nd Symposium on Raptors of Asia, Bandung, Indonesia, July 25 - 27, 2000. [10] Robson, C. R., A field guide to the Birds of South-East Asia, Bangkok: Asia Books, 2000. Tóm tắt Những ghi nhận về chim ăn thịt ở khu Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Pù Huống, tỉnh Nghệ An Khu Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Pù Huống nằm ở phía Tây tỉnh Nghệ An. Những nghiên cứu về khu hệ chim ở khu BTTN Pù Huống còn ít đợc biết đến, đặc biệt là các loài chim ăn thịt. Những dẫn liệu về nhóm chim ăn thịt đợc thực hiện dựa trên kết quả các đợt khảo sát nghiên cứu chim ở khu bảo tồn từ năm 2004 - 2007. Có tổng số 21 loài (bao gồm nhóm chim ăn thịt đêm và chim ăn thịt ngày) đã đợc ghi nhận. Bài viết cũng chỉ ra phân bố của các loài chim ăn thịt ở các dạng sinh cảnh khác nhau, tình trạng bảo tồn, cũng nh các mối đe doạ đến các loài chim ăn thịt ở khu BTTN Pù Huống. (a) Faculty of Biology, Vinh University (b) Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology. . Những ghi nhận về chim ăn thịt ở khu Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Pù Huống, tỉnh Nghệ An Khu Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Pù Huống nằm ở phía Tây tỉnh Nghệ An. Những nghiên cứu về khu hệ chim ở khu BTTN Pù Huống. loài chim ăn thịt. Những dẫn liệu về nhóm chim ăn thịt đợc thực hiện dựa trên kết quả các đợt khảo sát nghiên cứu chim ở khu bảo tồn từ năm 2004 - 2007. Có tổng số 21 loài (bao gồm nhóm chim ăn. (bao gồm nhóm chim ăn thịt đêm và chim ăn thịt ngày) đã đợc ghi nhận. Bài viết cũng chỉ ra phân bố của các loài chim ăn thịt ở các dạng sinh cảnh khác nhau, tình trạng bảo tồn, cũng nh các mối