3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words base base adj low; despicable; ignoble n foundation; principal element; fundamental part Forms: plural: bases basis bearer n foundation; grounding n person who holds a money order Forms: no plural Forms: plural: bearers bearer instrument become n a signed money order which is payable on demand to v to turn into; to develop into; to grow into the holder Forms: plural: bearer instruments Forms: became; become; becoming becoming behalf adj appropriate; noble n representing; in Support of Forms: no plural behavio(u)r behind n manner of acting; conduct n rear; end; seat Forms: plural: behavio(u)rs Forms: plural: behinds behind behind adv late; tardy prep after; in back of beige book belief n report on current economic conditions, published by n opinion; creed; religion; faith; conviction the Federal Reserve Board Forms: plural: beige books Forms: plural: beliefs believe below v to have faith in; to assume; to suppose prep under; beneath; underneath Forms: believed; believed; believing below benchmark adv at a further point n criterion; measure; point of reference for comparison Forms: plural: benchmarks 21 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words beneath beneath prep under; underneath adv under; below beneficent beneficial adj kind; good adj advantageous; pleasurable; enjoyable benefit benefit v to profit; to gain; to be advantageous n advantage; profit; aid; stipend Forms: benefited; benefited; benefiting Forms: plural: benefits between between prep intermediate to; common; shared adv amid; beverage beyond n drink; refreshment prep further; more distant in the middle Forms: plural: beverages beyond bias adv past; further than v to prejudice; to influence opinions Forms: biased; biased; biasing bias bill n prejudice; tendency; leaning v to charge; to announce; to advertise Forms: plural: biases Forms: billed; billed; billing bill birth rate n banknote; invoice; proposed law n number of babies that are born per year per thousand Forms: plural: bills Forms: plural: birth rates blame blame v to accuse; to denounce n guilt; responsibility; liability Forms: blamed; blamed; blaming Forms: plural: blames blanket blanket v to cover; to coat adj comprehensive; inclusive Forms: blanketed; blanketed; blanketing 22 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words blanket blue sky laws n bed covering; quilt n rules introduced by the government to regulate the trade of securities and mutual funds Forms: plural: blankets Forms: only plural blunder blunder n gross error; stupid mistake v to make a stupid mistake; to move back and forth ina clumsy manner Forms: plural: blunders Forms: blundered; blundered; blundering board board n management committee; food v to accommodate; to house; to enter (a plane, ship, bus, etc.) Forms: plural: boards Forms: boarded; boarded; boarding boiler room bond n a fraud scheme involving cold calling v to store in a warehouse Forms: plural: boiler rooms Forms: bonded; bonded; bonding bond bonded n link; connection; obligation; grasp; certificate of debt adj secured in a warehouse Forms: plural: bonds bonus book n dividend; perk; monetary gift v to record; to order in advance; to inscribe; to indicate Forms: plural: bonuses Forms: booked; booked; booking book bookcase n printed work which is bound together; bundle n shelves used to store printed items Forms: plural: books Forms: plural: bookcases boost boost v to raise; to push; to urge; to lift n push; lift; incentive; encouragement Forms: boosted; boosted; boosting Forms: plural: boosts 23 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words border border v to be adjacent to n boundary; edge; limit Forms: bordered; bordered; bordering Forms: plural: borders borrow bother v to take on loan; to copy; to steal v to annoy; to harass; to worry; to make an effort; to be concerned Forms: borrowed; borrowed; borrowing Forms: bothered; bothered; bothering bother bothersome n effort; nuisance adj annoying; irritating Forms: plural: bothers bottom bottom n base; foot; seat of a chair v to establish; to construct; to base; to provide a foundation Forms: plural: bottoms Forms: bottomed; bottomed; bottoming bottom bound adj lower; under n limit; border Forms: plural: bounds bound bound v to jump; to leap adj obligated; certain; fastened; tied Forms: bounded; bounded; bounding box box v to fight with fists; to put crates n case; crate; punch; hit Forms: boxed; boxed; boxing Forms: plural: boxes brake brake v to stop a vehicle; to slow down a vehicle n device which is used to slow or stop a vehicle Forms: braked; braked; braking Forms: plural: brakes 24 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words branch branch v to fork; to divide into parts or sections n affiliate; office; industry; trade; business unit Forms: branched; branched; branching Forms: plural: branches brand brand v to mark with an iron; to disgrace; to condemn n trademark; type; make; variety; product name Forms: branded; branded; branding Forms: plural: brands breadth break n width; broadness v to shatter; to crack; to be cut off; to cancel Forms: plural: breaths Forms: broke; broken; breaking break break down n fracture; pause; rest; opportunity; alteration v to fail; to collapse; to defeat; to overthrow; to descend Forms: plural: breaks Forms: broke down; broken down; breaking down breakdown breakthrough n collapse; crash; incident n progress; reaching a new level; removal of a barrier; penetration Forms: plural: break downs Forms: plural: breakthroughs brief brief n abstract; summary; concise report; instructions v to make a Summary; to give a report; to inform; to instruct somebody Forms: plural: briefs Forms: briefed; briefed; briefing brief briefcase adj short; concise n small container for documents; tool for synchronizing files between two computers Forms: plural: briefcases briefing broadcast n short meeting; summarizing; giving and receiving v to transmit over the radio; to publicize; to advertise instructions; reporting Forms: plural: briefings 25 Forms: broadcast; broadcast; broadcasting PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words broadcast brochure n transmission; dispatch; radio program n leaflet; booklet; printed product information Forms: plural: broadcasts Forms: plural: brochures broker broker v to act as a middleman; to buy and to sell property for n middleman; agent who buys and sells property or other people shares etc for other people Forms: brokered; brokered; brokering Forms: plural: brokers brokered browse adj negotiated by an intermediary; settled through a v to leaf through a book; to surf Internet websites middleman Forms: browsed; browsed; browsing browser bubble n program used for viewing websites on the Internet n blister; gas-filled sac Forms: plural: browsers Forms: plural: bubbles budge budget v to move; to be moved n financial framework; financial plan Forms: budged; budged; budging Forms: plural: budgets budget budget v to prepare a financial plan; to make financial adj inexpensive; cheap; of or relating to a financial plan arrangements Forms: budgeted; budgeted; budgeting building build v to construct; to create; to increase intensity; to n house; dwelling; structure; premises energize Forms: built; built; building Forms: plural: buildings bulk bulk n volume; mass; main part; most v to inflate; to play an important role Forms: plural: bulks Forms: bulked; bulked; bulking 26 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words bulk bulk transfer adj relating to or designed for the mass of people; large- n the sale of all or most of a company's inventory or scale; widespread; popular assets to another company Forms: plural: bulk transfers bullion buoyant n bars of gold; bars of silver adj floating; light; lively; cheerful Forms: no plural business butcher n company; enterprise; trade; commerce; issue n meat cutter; meat slaughterer; owner of a meat shop Forms: plural: businesses Forms: plural: butchers button button v to fasten; to connect n switch; icon to click on Forms: buttoned; buttoned; buttoning Forms: plural: buttons buyer n person who purchases something; client; customer; shopper; purchaser Forms: plural: buyers 27 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words C C.C C.C.O abbr secondary email address; copy of a document, abbr person who is responsible for ensuring that a message, or email that is sent to a third party company and its employees are in compliance with government regulations and internal policies Forms: carbon copy (cc, CC) Forms: Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) C.E.O C.F.O abbr head manager of a corporation, company or large abbr treasurer; person who is responsible for all financial organization aspects of a company Forms: Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Forms: Chief Financial Officer (CFO) C.1.0 c.O.D abbr Chief Information Officer; person who is responsible abbr cash payment to be made upon receipt of products for a company's internal information systems or goods Forms: Chief Information Officer (CIO) Forms: cash on delivery (COD, c.o.d.) c.o.O c.S.O abbr head manager of a company or large organization abbr top executive rank; person who is responsible for the security of a company's communications and business systems Forms: Chief Operating Officer (COO) Forms: Chief Security Officer (CSO) C.T.O C.V abbr top executive rank; person who is responsible for abbr resume; chronological description of one's research and development and possibly for new product employment and educational history; biography plans Forms: Chief Technology Officer (CTO) Forms: Curriculum Vitae (CV) cab cabinet n taxi; carriage; driver's compartment n small room; piece of office furniture; office; part of a government Forms: plural: cabs Forms: plural: cabinets calculate calculator v to estimate; to compute; to depend upon n small machine that makes computations Forms: calculated; calculated; calculating Forms: plural: calculators 28 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words calendar calendar v to write down in a timetable; to register n chart showing the months of a year (including days and weeks); schedule; timetable Forms: calendared; calendared; calendaring Forms: plural: calendars call call v to invite; to speak loudly; to visit; to phone n telephone conversation; visit; invitation; claim; need Forms: called; called; calling Forms: plural: calls campaign campaign v to conduct a series of activities organized to n series of activities organized to accomplish a goal accomplish a goal Forms: campaigned; campaigned; campaigning Forms: plural: campaigns cancel cancellation v to call off; to annul; to terminate; to stop n nullification; termination; Forms: canceled; canceled; canceling Forms: plural: cancellations candid candidate adj honest; straightforward; open; frank n applicant; nominee; examinee revocation Forms: plural: candidates canvass canvass v to examine; to debate; to scrutinize; to solicit votes or n examination; careful inspection; debate opinions Forms: canvassed, canvassed; canvassing Forms: no plural capability capable n ability; skill; trait; characteristic; quality adj skilled; able; proficient; adept Forms: plural: capabilities capacity capex n volume which can be contained or received; function; n refers to the cost of developing a product or system role; feature; potential Forms: plural: capacities 29 Forms: CAPital EXpenditures PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words capital capital n property; financial means; assets; main city of a adj main; major; chief; principal country of region Forms: plural: capitals capital requirement capitalization n the level of monetary funding a company needs to run n process of turning money into profit smoothly Forms: plural: capital requirements Forms: plural: capitalizations capitalize capture v to turn into money; to turn profit; to finance v to copy; to photograph; to snapshot Forms: capitalized; capitalized; capitalizing Forms: captured; captured; capturing car card n automobile; v to ask for an identification (i.e in a bar) elevator; vehicle; ride Forms: plural: cars Forms: carded; carded; carding card care n thin and flat object v to be concerned with; to look out for; to watch over; to like; to be fond of Forms: plural: cards Forms: cared; cared; caring care career n attention; concern; caution; supervision; management v to evolve; to make to progress; to grow professionally; to develop; to speed Forms: no plural Forms: careered; careered; careering career careful n profession; development; progress; gradual growth adj cautious; particular; concentrated; meticulous Forms: plural: careers cargo carpenter n freight; luggage; baggage; load n a person who makes things out of wood such as furniture Forms: plural: cargos 30 Forms: plural: carpenters PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words carpet carpet v to cover or to furnish with textile materials; to n rug; fabric floor covering reprimand; to scold Forms: carpeted; carpeted; carpeting Forms: plural: carpets carriage carrier n coach; buggy; transportation n person or company that ships things; shipping company; truck Forms: plural: carriages Forms: plural: carriers carry carry out v to transport; to continue; to bear v to put into practice; to accomplish; to perform; to conduct Forms: carried; carried; carrying Forms: carried out; carried out; carrying out cart cart v to drag or to carry by force n Car; wagon; coach; carriage; trolley Forms: carted; carted; carting Forms: plural: carts case case v to pack; to crate; to box n occasion; instance; situation; bag Forms: cased; cased; casing Forms: plural: cases cash cash v to exchange a check (or another money order) for n money in the form of coins and bank notes coins and bank notes; to redeem Forms: cashed; cashed; cashing Forms: no plural cash reserves cast n bank deposits that are available on a short-term basis; n throw; team of actors; squint (of the eye) treasury bills Forms: only plural Forms: plural: casts cast catalog v to throw; to project; to form; to shape n itemized list; index; directory Forms: cast; cast; casting Forms: plural: catalogs 31 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words catalog categorize v to make an itemized list; to index; to classify v to arrange in groups; to classify; to sort; to structure Forms: cataloged; cataloged; cataloging Forms: categorized; categorized; categorizing category cater n class; division; section; segment v to provide; to supply (food, etc.); to care for Forms: plural: categories Forms: catered; catered; catering catering cause n business of supplying and servicing food n reason; purpose; principle; factor; basis for a legal case Forms: plural: caterings Forms: plural: causes cause caution v to make happen; to bring about n notice; warning; caveat; carefulness; premonition Forms: caused; caused; causing Forms: no plural caution cautious v to warn; to notify of danger adj careful; wary; Suspicious Forms: cautioned; cautioned; cautioning caveat cement n caution; warning; admonition; suspension of v to reinforce; to bind together; to strengthen a proceedings (law) connection Forms: plural: caveats Forms: cemented; cemented; cementing cement central n concrete; mortar; bonding agent; filling (for teeth) adj main; principal; major Forms: no plural central century n telephone exchange; operator; main bureau or office n period of one hundred years Forms: plural: centrals Forms: plural: centuries 32 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words ceremony certain n rite; ritual; formality adj sure; definite; particular; specific Forms: plural: ceremonies certainly certificate adv of course; surely; doubtlessly; definitely; absolutely n official document; license; reference; attestation Forms: plural: certificates certificate certify v to confirm; to license; to authorize v to confirm to be true; to authorize Forms: certificated; certificated; certificating Forms: certified; certified; certifying chain chain n group of stores, outlets, banks etc., under one v to tie down management Forms: plural: chains Forms: chained; chained; chaining challenge challenge n difficult situation; something which tests one's ability to v to dare; to invite to engage in a contest; to stimulate; to handle difficult tasks test one's ability Forms: plural: challenges Forms: challenged; challenged; challenging change change n replacement; alteration; shift; coins; money received v to alter; to replace; to become different back after paying for goods Forms: plural: changes Forms: changed; changed; changing changeable chapter adj arbitrary; fickle; flexible n part of a book; phase; stage; local branch of an organization Forms: plural: chapters character characteristic n nature; disposition; attitude; figure; person; statement n trait; feature; ability; distinguishing quality; attribute of qualities Forms: plural: characters 33 Forms: plural: characteristics PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words characteristic characterize adj typical; distinctive v to describe; to depict; to portray; to outline Forms: characterized; characterized; characterizing charge charge n price; cargo; responsibility v to entrust; to order; to command; to supply with power Forms: plural: charges Forms: charged; charged; charging chart chart n graph; diagram v to make a graph; to draw; to diagram Forms: plural: charts Forms: charted; charted; charting cheap cheap adj opposite of expensive; inexpensive adv inexpensively check check n examination; money order; payment order; restaurant v to examine; to investigate; to inspect; to scrutinize bill Forms: plural: checks Forms: checked; checked; checking chef cheque n professional cook; head cook in a restaurant of hotel n written order directing a bank to pay a specific amount of money Forms: plural: chefs Forms: plural: cheques choice choice n option; selection; variety adj select; fine; excellent Forms: plural: choices choose chop v to select; to prefer; to pick; to make a choice n seal; trademark Forms: chose; chose; chosen Forms: plural: chops chop chore v to cut; to cut down; to cut into pieces; to mince n routine job; unpleasant task Forms: chopped; chopped; chopping Forms: plural: chores 34 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words circle circle v to surround n ring-shaped geometric figure; round figure; group; society Forms: circled; circled; circling Forms: plural: circles circumspect circumstance adj careful; cautious v to place in particular situations Forms: circumstanced; circumstanced; circumstancing circumstance circumvent n condition; influencing factor; situation v to by-pass; to side-step; to evade Forms: plural: circumstances Forms: circumvented; circumvented; circumventing citation citizen n quotation; official praise; summons to a court of law n resident; native of a country Forms: plural: citations Forms: plural: citizens citizenship city n right to live in a country; condition of being a member n town; large urban area of a country Forms: plural: citizenships Forms: plural: cities civic claim adj pertaining to a city; pertaining to citizenship n lawsuit; request; right Forms: plural: claims clarify classify v to make clear; to explain v to arrange systematically; to structure; to group; to sort; to make confidential Forms: clarified; clarified; clarifying Forms: classified; classified; classifying clause clear n paragraph; section in a document; part of a contract v to clarify; to explain; to approve Forms: plural: clauses Forms: cleared; cleared; clearing 35 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words clear clear adj pure; obvious; easy to understand; comprehensible n deletion; act of unmarking; removal of a mark from a check box (Computers) Forms: no plural clearance clearly n release; approval; washing adv obviously; apparently; unmistakably Forms: no plural clerk clerk v to work as an employee (i.e in the legal or bank n minor office worker; book-keeper; bureaucrat business) Forms: clerked; clerked; clerking Forms: plural: clerks client climate n customer; buyer; computer that serves as a terminal n weather conditions; surrounding conditions; atmosphere; setting Forms: plural: clients Forms: plural: climates climb climb v to ascend; to up; to slope upward; to move upward n ascent gradually Forms: climbed; climbed; climbing Forms: plural: climbs clip clip v to cut off; to curtail; to trim off n clamp; fastener; shred; segment of video Forms: clipped; clipped; clipping Forms: plural: clips clipping clock n article cut from a newspaper v to measure time; to register on a time piece Forms: plural: clippings Forms: clocked; clocked; clocking clock close n timepiece; device for telling time adv nearby Forms: plural: clocks 36 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words close close n end; conclusion; plug v to shut; to be shut; to finish; to complete Forms: plural: closes Forms: closed; closed; closing close clout adj near; adjacent; careful n pull; influence; power; weight Forms: plural: clouts coach coach v to train; to teach; to instruct; to guide; to counsel n trainer; tutor; teacher; bus Forms: coached; coached; coaching Forms: plural: coaches coal coalition n fuel made n alliance; union; agreement from carbon; cinder; ember Forms: plural: coals Forms: plural: coalitions code code v to cipher n cipher; collection of instructions of the law Forms: coded; coded; coding Forms: plural: codes cognition coherent n awareness; perception adj sticking together; consistent Forms: plural: cognitions cohesive coin adj sticking together; forming a unit or union; united; v to mint; to invent a new word or phrase related to each other Forms: coined; coined; coining coin coincidence n metal money; piece of stamped metal currency (as n chance occurrence; unforeseen event opposed to paper bills) Forms: plural: coins 37 Forms: plural: coincidences PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words collaborate collaboration v to work together; to cooperate n working together; cooperation Forms: collaborated; collaborated; collaborating Forms: plural: collaborations collate collateral v to compare in a critical manner; to verify; to collect; to adj of secondary importance; insignificant; corresponding compile Forms: collated; collated; collating collateral colleague n security deposit n fellow worker; cowoker Forms: plural: collaterals Forms: plural: colleagues collect collect adj having the receiver pay the charges (for a phone call) v to gather; to garner; to assemble; to accumulate; to take payments Forms: collected; collected; collecting collectible collectible adj payable; subject to or requiring payment especially n rare object as specified Forms: plural: collectibles college collection n selection; choice; assortment; n institution of higher education that grants degrees; type accumulation of school; council Forms: plural: collections Forms: plural: colleges collide colloquial v to crash; to meet head on; to come together with solid adj conversational; not used in formal speaking or or direct impact writing; informal Forms: collided; collided; colliding combination combine n joining; union; an ordered sequence v to unite; to join; to come together; to become one Forms: plural: combinations Forms: combined; combined; combining 38 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words combine come across n harvesting machine v to happen upon; to find by chance; to discover; to see Forms: plural: combines Forms: came come along comfort v to accompany someone; to appear; to advance; to v to bring relief; to encourage; to console across; come across; coming across succeed Forms: came along; come along; coming along Forms: comforted; comforted; comforting comfort comfortable n relief; consolation; coziness adj easy; relaxing; cosy; financially well to Forms: no plural comforting command adj consoling; encouraging; reassuring; brining relief; v to rule; to control; to be in charge; to be in authority heartening Forms: commanded; commanded; commanding command comment n order; direction; control; domination; headquarters v to make a remark; to explain; to write an explanatory note Forms: plural: commands Forms: commented; commented; commenting comment commentary n remark; note; statement; explanation n series of remarks; explanation (often written in essay or book form) Forms: plural: comments Forms: plural: commentaries commerce commercial n trade; business; transactions; exchange of adj pertaining to business; pertaining to buying and products/services and money selling Forms: no plural commercial commission n television or radio advertisement v to contract; to empower; to authorize; to confer Forms: plural: commercials Forms: commissioned; commissioned; commissioning 39 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words commission commit n percentage of profits earned by a salesperson v to perform; to do; to engage Forms: plural: commissions Forms: committed; committed; committing commitment committed n obligation; promise adj obligated; engaged; industrious; ambitious; loyal Forms: plural: commitments commodity common n merchandise; goods; item that is bought and sold; adj shared; ordinary; mediocre; average; public something useful Forms: plural: commodities common communication n open public area in a city or town; park; square n exchange of information or ideas; transfer; passing along; letter; message Forms: plural: commons Forms: plural: communications commute commuter v to exchange; to replace; to convert; to travel back and n person who travels back and forth between home and forth regularly (i.e to work) work Forms: commuted; commuted; commuting Forms: plural: commuters company comparatively n corporation; firm; ensemble; association with another adv relatively Forms: plural: companies compare compare v to show how (people or things) are alike or different; to n contrast consider to be similar Forms: compared; compared; comparing Forms: plural: compares comparison compartmentalize n pointing out of similarities and differences; similarity; v to separate into sections; to partition likeness Forms: plural: comparisons Forms: compartmentalized; compartmentalized; compartmentalizing 40 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net ... comprehensive; inclusive Forms: blanketed; blanketed; blanketing 22 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3 420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words blanket blue sky laws n bed covering; quilt n rules introduced... braked; braked; braking Forms: plural: brakes 24 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3 420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words branch branch v to fork; to divide into parts or sections n affiliate; office; industry;... volume; mass; main part; most v to inflate; to play an important role Forms: plural: bulks Forms: bulked; bulked; bulking 26 PHOTOCOPIABLE © www.english-test.net 3 420 TOEIC Vocabulary Words bulk bulk