RIP version 1 Routing Protocols and Concepts – Chapter 5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 1 Objectives  D esc ri be th e f u n c ti o n s, c h a r ac t e ri s ti cs, a n d ope r a ti o n escbe eucos,caacescs,adopeao of the RIPv1 protocol.  Configure a device for using RIPv1. Configure a device for using RIPv1.  Verify proper RIPv1 operation. f  Describe how RIPv1 per f orms automatic summarization.  Configure, verify, and troubleshoot default routes propagated in a routed network implementing RIPv1.  Use recommended techniques to solve problems related to RIPv1 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 2 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIP Historical Impact  RIP evolved from an earlier p rotocol p developed at Xerox, called Gateway Information Protocol (GWINFO).  With the development of Xerox Network System (XNS) GWINFO evolved into System (XNS) , GWINFO evolved into RIP.  It later gained popularity because it was im p lemented in the Berkele y Software py Distribution (BSD) as a daemon named routed (pronounced "route-dee", not "rout-ed").  Recognizing the need for standardization  Recognizing the need for standardization of the protocol, Charles Hedrick wrote RFC 1058 in 1988, in which he documented the existing protocol and specified some improvements specified some improvements .  Since then, RIP has been improved with RIPv2 in 1994 and with RIPng in 1997. IPv6 form of RIP called RIPng (next generation) is ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 3 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIPng (next generation) is now available RIPv1  RIP Characteristics –A classful, Distance Vector (DV) routing protocol (DV) routing protocol –Metric = hop count – Routes with a ho p count > 15 p are unreachable –Updates are broadcast every 30 seconds 30 seconds –The data portion of a RIP message is encapsulated into a UDP segment with both a UDP segment , with both source and destination port numbers set to 520. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 4 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIPv1 RIPv1  RIP Message Format  RIP header - divided into 3 fields RIP header divided into 3 fields –Command field •REQUEST (1)- Request either a partial or full table update from another RIP router. •RESPONSE (2) - A response to a request. –Version field • 1or2 • 1 or 2 –Must be zero •Must be zero" fields provide room for future ex p ansion of the p protocol.  Route Entry - composed of 3 fields –Address family identifier •CLNS, IPX, IP etc. – IP address ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public –Metric RIPv1  RIP Operation –RIP uses 2 message types: Request message - This is sent out on startup by each RIP - This is sent out on startup by each RIP enabled interface Requests all RIP enabled neighbors to send - Requests all RIP enabled neighbors to send routing table  Response message Response message -Message sent to requesting router containing routing table ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 6 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public containing routing table RIP 1 RIP v 1  IP addresses initiall y divided y into classes - Class A Class A -Class B CC - C lass C  RIP is a classful routing protocol -Does not send subnet masks in routing updates ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 7 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Common RIP confi g uration issues g RIP and IGRP:  Classful network statements only  IOS will take subnetted networks but will translate it into the classful network for the running-config. ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 8 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public RIPv1 RIPv1  Administrative Distance –RIP’s default administrative distance is 120 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 9 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Basic RIPv1 Configuration  A typical topology suitable for A typical topology suitable for use by RIPv1 includes: - Three router set up Three router set up -No PCs attached to LANs Uf5difftIP - U se o f 5 diff eren t IP subnets ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 10 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public [...]... v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 12 Verification and Troubleshooting Show ip Route To verify and troubleshoot routing -Use the following commands: -show ip route -show ip protocols show -debug ip rip ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 13 Verification d T V ifi ti and Troubleshooting bl h ti show ip protocols command... command -Displays routing protocol t l configured on router t POP QUIZ: What is the different between the output of the p command “show ip route” and “show ip protocol”? ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 14 Verification and Troubleshooting Debug ip rip command -Used to display RIP routing updates as they are Used happening ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco... link-state routing protocol Using the passive interface command can prevent routers from sending routing updates through a router interface, but the router continues to listen and use routing updates from that neighbor neighbor Keeping routing update messages from being sent through a router interface prevents other systems on that network from learning about routes dynamically dynamically ITE PC v4.0 Chapter. .. Classful, di t Cl f l distance vector routing protocol t ti t l Metric is Hop Count Does not support VLSM or discontiguous subnets Updates every 30 seconds Rip messages are encapsulated in a UDP segment with source and destination ports of 52 0 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 33 Summary: Commands used by RIP Command Command’s purpose Rtr(config)#router rip... Configuration Details C fi ti D t il -To remove the RIP routing process use th f ll i the following command No N router rip t i -To check the configuration use the following command Show run ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 21 Automatic Summarization Boundary Routers –RIP automatically summarizes classful networks RIP –Boundary routers summarize RIP subnets from... to another another ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 22 Automatic Summarization Processing RIP Updates 2 rules govern RIPv1 updates: -If a routing update and the interface it’s g p received on belong to the same network then The subnet mask of the interface is applied to the network in the routing update -If a routing update and the interface it’s If it... in the routing update ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 23 Automatic Summarization Sending RIP Updates –RIP uses automatic summarization to reduce the size of a routing table table ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 24 Automatic Summarization A i S i i Advantages of automatic summarization: -The size of routing. .. Command used to configure a default route is ip route 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 s0/0/1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 29 Default Route and RIPv1 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 30 Default Route d RIPv1 D f lt R t and RIP 1 Propagating the Default Route in RIPv1 Default-information originate command... reserved Cisco Public 15 Verification and Troubleshooting Passive interface command Used -Used to prevent a router from sending updates through an interface -Example: Router(config-router)#passive-interface interface-type interface-number ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved Cisco Public 16 Verification and Troubleshooting Passive interfaces ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco... Public 18 Preventing routing updates through an interface 1 It will break the rip update 2 You can use the “ip route” command to send route update back b k to establish the 2 way bli h h communication Again, Again this is only half the story When you use “passive interface” on a distance vector routing p g protocol, you ,y need to complement it with “ip route” command ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 © 2007 Cisco . RIP version 1 Routing Protocols and Concepts – Chapter 5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 1 Objectives  D esc ri be . RIP Characteristics –A classful, Distance Vector (DV) routing protocol (DV) routing protocol –Metric = hop count – Routes with a ho p count > 15 p are unreachable –Updates are broadcast. fields –Address family identifier •CLNS, IPX, IP etc. – IP address ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 5 © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public –Metric RIPv1  RIP Operation –RIP uses