Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
Bài tập câu điều kiện tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 10 tổng hợp lý thuyết và các dạng bài tập câu điều kiện, giúp các em có thêm nhiều tư liệu tham khảo, luyện thi vào lớp 10 đạt kết quả cao.
Trang 1Bài tập câu điều kiện tiếng Anh thi vào lớp 101 Cấu trúc câu điều kiện trong Tiếng AnhCâu điều kiện loại 0
Cấu trúc: If + S + V/V(s/es), S + V/V(s/es)
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để diễn tả một sự việc luôn đúng, một chân lý.
Ví dụ: - If you heat the ice, it melts (Nếu bạn làm nóng băng, nó sẽ tan chảy.)
Đây là một sự thật hiển nhiên, luôn luôn đúng nên ta sẽ sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 0để nói.
Câu điều kiện loại 1
Cấu trúc: If + S + V/V(s/es), S + will + V(nguyên thể)
Trong câu điều kiện loại I, mệnh đề “If” ta chia thì HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN và mệnh đề chínhta chia thì tương lai đơn.
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương
Ví dụ: - If she comes, I will go with her (Nếu cô ấy đến, tôi sẽ đi với cô ấy)
Ta hiểu rằng “hiện tại cô ấy vẫn chưa đến”, và ta cũng không biết được rằng cô ấy cóđến hay không (hoàn toàn có thể xảy ra).
Vì vậy giả định “nếu cô ấy đến” là một giả định hoàn toàn có thể xảy ra nên ta sửdụng câu điều kiện loại 1.
Câu điều kiện loại 2
Cấu trúc: If + S + V-ed/cột 2, S + would/should + V(nguyên thể)
Trang 2Trong câu điều kiện loại II, mệnh đề “IF” chia thì QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN và động từ trongmệnh đề chính ta sử dụng cấu trúc: would/ should + động từ nguyên thể.
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc
tương lai.
Ví dụ: - If they had a lot of money now, they would travel around the world (Nếu bây
giờ họ có nhiều tiền, họ sẽ đi du lịch vòng quanh thế giới.)
Ta thấy có thời gian ở hiện tại là “now” (bây giờ) và hiểu rằng “bây giờ họ không cónhiều tiền” nên mới đưa ra câu giả định như vậy Vì thế ta sử dụng câu điều kiện loạiII để diễn đạt một giả định về một sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại.
CHÚ Ý: Trong câu điều kiện loại II, nếu mệnh đề “if” sử dụng động từ “to be” ở thì
quá khứ đơn thì ta chỉ sử dụng “to be” là “were” với tất cả các ngôi.
Ví dụ: - If I were you, I wouldn’t stay at home now (Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ không ở
nhà bây giờ.)
Ta thấy chủ ngữ trong mệnh đề “If” là “I” nhưng ta vẫn sử dụng động từ “to be” là“were” vì trong câu điều kiện loại II này “to be” chia quá khứ là “were” với tất cả cácchủ ngữ.
Câu điều kiện loại 3
Cấu trúc: If + S + had + VpII, S + would/should + have + vpII
Trong câu điều kiện loại III, mệnh đề “If” chia thì QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH, vàđộng từ trong mệnh đề chính sẽ sử dụng cấu trúc: would/ should + have + VpII.
Cách sử dụng: Dùng để giả định về một sự việc trái với sự thật trong quá khứ.
Ví dụ: - If she had told me the truth yesterday, I would have helped her (Nếu cô ấynói với tôi sự thật ngày hôm qua, tôi đã giúp cô ấy rồi.)
Xem thêm: Câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh
Trang 32 Bài tập câu điều kiện thi vào 10Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form
1 If I (find) a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight
2 If I saw a tiger walking across the park, I (climb) the tree
3 Why don’t you drive your car to work? If I (have) a car, I would drive4 He might get rid of his cough if he _ (not smoke) so much
5 She was sent to the prison only because she refused to pay the fine; if she had paid the fine, she _ (not be) sent to prison
6 The job is much worse than I expected If I (realize) how awful it was going tobe I wouldn’t have accepted it
7 Provided you remember the password, you (be) in no danger.
8 I will lend you my radio as long as you _ (bring) it back before Sunday9 We would have gone to the talk if we _ (know) about it
10 I (buy) those shoes if I were you.
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences:
1 If I had free time, I _ some shopping with youA did
B will doC would do
D would have done
2 Unless she , she will be late for school
Trang 4A hurriedB hurriesC will hurryD is hurrying
3 I would have given him this present, if I _ himA had meet
B had metC meetD met
4 Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary?A stole
B have stolenC were to stealD steal
5 If he the truth, the police wouldn’t have arrest himA tells
B toldC had toldD would tell
6 If you press that button, what ?A would happen
B would have happenedC will happen
D happen
7 If my mother me up, I will catch the bus
Trang 5A doesn’t pickB didn’t takeC not pickD hadn’t picked
8 If the weather is nice, I for a walkA will go
B go
C would go
D would have gone
9 , the accident would not have happened yesterdayA If Nam drives more carefully
B If had Nam driven more carefullyC Had Nam driven more carefully
D Unless Nam had driven more carefully
10 I’d give up my job if I a big prize in a lotteryA win
B wonC had wonD would won
Exercise 3: Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the
Trang 6Exercise 4: Underline the correct words.
If it rains/ will rain tomorrow, we won’t go for a picnic.
1 Will you write to me if I give/ will give you my email address?
Trang 72 If we win / will win this match, we’ll be in the finals.
3 If the new Bond film comes / will come to our cinema, I go / ‘ll go and see it.4 How does / will Sandy get back tonight if she can’t find a taxi?
5 I am / will be surprised if this film gets / will get an award.
6 Do you / Will you make dinner tonight if I do / will do the shopping?7 If I hear / will hear that song one more time, I scream / will scream!8 What do they / will they do if they don’t / won’t pass their exams?
Exercise 5: Match the sentence beginnings with the endings Write sentences using the first conditional Use a comma where necessary.
1 We (miss) the train h a) he (probably buy) another once.2 (you / help) me with my physics b) I (give) it back tomorrow.3 If you (tell) me that secret c) I (not tell) anyone else.4 She (fall off) her horse in a
d) if he (be) at the party?
5 If you (lend) me £20 e) if I (help) you with your French tomorrow?
6 (you / talk) to Alex f) if she (go) to the States this summer?
7 How long (she / stay) in California
g) if she (not ride) more slowly.
8 If the police (not find) his bike h) if we (not leave) now.
Trang 83 Đáp án bài tập câu điều kiệnExercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form
1 If I (find) find a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight
2 If I saw a tiger walking across the park, I _would climb _ (climb) the tree3 Why don’t you drive your car to work? If I _had _ (have) a car, I would drive4 He might get rid of his cough if he didn’t smoke _ (not smoke) so much
5 She was sent to the prison only because she refused to pay the fine; if she had paid the fine, she wouldn’t have been _ (not be) sent to prison
6 The job is much worse than I expected If I _had realized _ (realize) how awful it was going to be I wouldn’t have accepted it
7 Provided you remember the password, you _will be_ (be) in no danger.
8 I will lend you my radio as long as you bring _ (bring) it back before Sunday9 We would have gone to the talk if we had known _ (know) about it
10 I _would buy _ (buy) those shoes if I were you.
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences:
1 C2 B3 B
6 C7 A8 A
Trang 94 D5 C
9 C10 B
Exercise 3: Rewrite each sentence beginning as shown, so that the meaning stays the
8 If he had worked hard at school, he would have got a good job when he left9 If people did enough exercise, they wouldn’t have/ get heart disease
10 Children would have better teeth if they didn’t eat too many sweets
Exercise 4
1 give2 win
3 comes; ‘ll go4 will
5 will be; gets
Trang 106 Will you; do7 hear; will scream8 will they; don’t
Exercise 5
1 h → We’ll miss the train if we don’t leave now.
2 e → Will you help me with my physics if I help you with your French tomorrow?3 c → If you tell me that secret, I won’t tell anyone else.
4 g → She’ll fall off her horse in a minute if she doesn’t ride more slowly.5 b → If you lend me £20, I’ll give it back tomorrow.
6 d → Will you talk to Alex if he’s at the party?
7 f → How long will she stay in California if she goes to the States this summer?8 a → If the police don’t find his bike soon, he’ll probably buy another one.
4 Một số bài tập tự luyện về câu điều kiện thi vào 10I Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi
1 She doesn’t live in London because she doesn’t know anyone thereIf ……….
2 I don’t have a spare ticket I can’t take you to the concertIf I ………
3 The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn’t grow.
Trang 11If the children ……… 4 They don’t understand the problem They won’t find a solutionIf they ……….5 Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying If Carol ………
6 Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.If Rita ………
7 He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by carIf he ………
8 The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone.If the flats … ……… 9 I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you
If I ……….10 She works in the evening She has no time to play with her childrenIf she ……….11 He doesn’t see the signal so he doesn’t stop his car
If he ……….12 Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons wellIf Peter ………13 Mary doesn’t have enough money She can’t buy a new car.
Trang 12If Mary ………
II Choose the correct answer.
1 I would have visited you before if there _ quite a lot of people in your house.A hadn't
B hadn't been C wouldn't be D wasn't
2 If you had caught the bus, you _ late for work.A wouldn't have been
B would have been C wouldn’t be D would be
3 If I _, I would express my feelings.A were asked
B would ask C had been asked D asked
4 If _ as I told her, she would have succeeded.A she has done
B she had doneC she does D she did
5 Will you be angry if I _ your pocket dictionary?
Trang 13A stole
B have stolen C were to steal D steal
6 You made a mistake by telling her a lie It _ better if you _ to her.A would have been / hadn't lied
B would be / didn't lieC will be / don't lie D would be / hadn't lied
7 John would be taking a great risk if he _ his money in that business.A would invest
B investedC had invested D invests
8 She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _ her to.A wouldn’t advise
B won't adviseC hadn't advised D didn't advise
9 If the tree hadn't been so high, he _ it up to take his kite down.A could have climbed
B climb C is climbingD climbed
10 If the wall weren't so high, he _ it up to take his ball down.
Trang 14A climbed B could climb C is climbiD climb
11 If I _ her phone number, I _ her last nightA had known / could have phoned
B knew / would have phonedC know / can pho
D knew / could phone
12 If he the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.A tells
B told C had toldD would tell
13 If you press that button what _?A would happen
B would have happenedC will happen
D happen
14 I am very thin I think, if I _ smoking, I might get fat.A stop
B had stopped C will stop D stopped
15 If I _ that yesterday, I _ them.
Trang 15A had discovered / would inform
B had discovered / would have informedC had discovered / could inform
D discovered / can inform
16 If you _ to the course regularly, they a certificate last year.A go / gave
B were / would answer
C were / would have answeredD had been / would have answered
18 If I in London now, I could visit British Museum.A were
B had been C have been D would be
19 If you didn't wear shabby clothes, you _ more good-looking.A will be
Trang 16A went / would / do B goes / would /doC had gone / would/do
D had gone / would have / done
21 If I an Angel, I would try to make happy all the children.A am
B have beenC wereD had been
22 John would be taking a great risk if he _ his money in that business.23 What (you / say) _ if I offered you a job?
24 The children always (get) _ frightened if they watch horror films25 If it (not be) _ for you, I would be late
26 I can’t help feeling sorry for the hungry children If only there (be) peace in the world
27 Were I to become president, my first act (be) to help the poor28 If he (listen) _ to his father’s advice, he would still be working here.
29 If she hadn’t stayed up late last night, she (not / be) tired now.30 If he (have) _free time, he will go swimming.
31 Don’t go out if the wind (be) strong.32 If you (heat) _ice, it (turn) _into water.
III Fill in the correct form of the verb in brackets !
Trang 171 If Anne’s father gets seriously ill, they (BRING) him to the hospital.
2 If I (BE) you I would pay more attention in class.3 They (NOT GO) out if they don’t get a babysitter.4 The manager would have fired him if he (HAVE) someone else to replace him.
5 I (LIKE) her more if she hadn’t asked such stupid questions.
6 If you (NOT KNOCK) they won’t let you in.7 If I had missed the bus, I (TAKE) a taxi.
8 We will visit the sports centre tomorrow unless it (RAIN).9 I would have helped him if I (KNOW) that his condition was so bad.
10 He (NOT GO) to the course if it were not so interesting