KET HOP SOA VA TOGAF DE XAY DL IN''J HE THDNG THDNG TIN TDDNG THE TAI CAC TRIFDNG DAI HOC SD PHGM D VIET NAM

Kinh Tế - Quản Lý - Công Nghệ Thông Tin, it, phầm mềm, website, web, mobile app, trí tuệ nhân tạo, blockchain, AI, machine learning - Quản trị kinh doanh KET HOP SOA VA TOGAF DE XAY DL IN''''J HE THdNG THONG TIN TONG THE TAI CAC TRlTOfNG DAI HOC SlT PHAM d VIET NAM Nguyen Duy Hai Trung Dgi hge Suphgm Hd Ndi Email: haind(^nue.edu.vn Le Van Nam Trung Dgi hgc Kinh te Qude ddn Email: levannamktqdgmail.eom y n h ^ : 02012020 y nhan ban sCra. 0452020 y duy?t dang: 0582020 Torn tat: Muc dich cua nghiin cuu ndy Id thiit ki kiin tnic cdng ngh thdng tin tdng the cho cdc truang dgi hgc suphgm a Viet Nam nhdm hd tra cdc dan vi ndy xdy dung hi thdng thdng tin tdng the ddp icng dugc nhu cdu hiin tgi vd ed the thich ung dugc trong tuang lai. He thdng thdng tin ctia cdc trung dgi hgc hiin cd dugc phdt tiien ddc lap, da nin tdng nin khi xdy dung mdt hi thdng thdng tin tdng the seggp khdng it thdch thirc tiong viec ki thiea cde h thdng sdn ed di ehuyin ddi sang hi thdng mi ddp ung duac tdm nhin, chiin lug^c vd nhicng yeu cdu nghiep vu mi. Nghien cihi ngdy duge thue hien bdng viec sit dung khung kiin trdc TOGAF kit hgp vi kien trdc hung dich vu SOA vd phuangphdp xdy dung phdn mem linh hogt AGILE. Ddng thi, di kiem chieng cho tinh khd thi ciia thiit ki ehung tdi th\cc hi^n mgt dic dn thuc nghi?m tgi mgt trung dgi hgc vi bdi todn xde dinh KPIs eua gidng vien. Tu khoa.- Hd thdng thdng tin tdng thd; Kidn tnic hudng djch vu; Kien tnic tdng the; SOA; TOGAF. Ma JEL: M15 Integrating SOA and TOGAF to build an enterprise information system at Pedagogical Universities in Vietnam Abstiact: This research is to design an EIS ofEA for pedagggical universities in Vietnam to support these institutions in building an EIS which meets current demands and can be adaptable in the fiiture. Ihe eunwit information system of universities is being developed independently, multi-platform; consequently, the building of EIS will face many challenges when inheriting available legacy system for conversion to the new system to fulfill new vision, stiategy and business requirements. This study was conducted using TOGAF architecture framework in combination with Service-oriented architecture (SOA) and AGILE software construction methodology. An experimental project at a university with the KPIs determination application of the lecturers was implemented to verify the feasibility of the design. Keywords: Enterprise information system; service-oriented architecture; enterprise architecture; SOA; TOGAF. JEL Code: Ml 5. Sd 278 thdng 82020 92 k i l h l c A l im Gido dye dai hpc (HE) Id rapt frong nhiing hogt dOng gdp phdn tao nen su tiln bp cua xa hpi thdng qua cdc chiic nang ndi bgt la: dao tao ttinh dp cao, nghien cihi hpc thudt, vd cung edp dich vu giao due cho xa hpi (Laredo, 2007). Mac du Iiiih vuc ndy vdn duy tri vd ke thira nhiing gia tri lich sti nhdt dinh, tuy nhidn cac td chiic giao dye dgi hpc (HEIs) hien dang phdi ddi radt vdi nhidu thdch thiic nhu: qud trinh qudc te hda, vide gidra tai frp tii chinh phu, sy xuat hien cua cdng nghp giao due mdi va nhihig ydu cdu ddra bao chat Iupng (Liu, 2016; Prisacariu, 2015), Day la mdt dp luc ddi vdi HEIs, khdng chi phai nang cao hidu qud hogt dOng ma ddng thdi cdn phai cdi thien chat luong ddo tgo hidn tai. Vi vay, mdt frong nhung ddi hdi cdp thilt la HEIs can phdi cd sy thay ddi todn dipn vd phuang phdp quan Iy (Pucciarelli Kaplan, 2016) nhu: cdc quy trinh quan Iy - hpc thugt (quy trinh ddo tgo vd nghien eiiu khoa hpc), quy frinh cung cap dich vu giao due vd cau triic ben trong. Chiing cdn dupe lien ttjc cdi tien, tgo ra rapt kidn tnic mem ddo vdi cdc cdng eu Iinh boat, tin eay nhdm ddm bdo su thich img vdi cdc thdch thlic ttong tting giai doan phat tridn ciia td chiic frong tuong lai. Hidn nay, biic tranh vl hd thdng thdng tin (IS) tai HEIs cd tinh chdt dac thii cua moi td chiic, chu ylu ty phat tridn de phu hpp vdi md hinh, cau tnic vd quy trinh nghiep vy hien tgi, hoge tidn Idn giiia cdc sdn pham phan mim raua bdn ngodi dupe didu chinh cac chuc ndng cho phu hpp vdi yen cau ciia mdi dan vj (Dent, 2015). Vipc tin hda va iing dyng cdng nghd thdng tin frong qudn Iy cua HEIs da cd nhieu kdt qua, tuy nhidn eiing dang gap nhidu frd ngai vl: hipn tupng "cdt cu" thdng tin bdn frong cua cac td chifc, kha nang tich hpp he thdng va cung cap thdng tm ho frp ra quydt djnh. Ngodi ra, viec ngay cdng c6 nhidu vdn de phi ky tiiugt, nghidn eiiu khdng day dti vd nhu cau thdng tin hda, thay ddi thudng xuyen ve nghidp vu, khdng nhat qudn frong qudn tri vd xay dung thdng tin eiing ldm anh hudng den hidu qud cua vide tin hpc hda frong HEIs. Gdn day. Kiln tinic tdng tiid Enterprise Architecture (EA) dupe eoi la rapt frong nhung cdng ey cho phep cac td chirc iing phd vdi nhung bdt cap ndi frdn (Pucciarelli Kaplan, 2016; Dent, 2015). Nhilu hpc gia da thdo lugn vl tam quan frpng va raiic dp phii hpp thuc tl cua EA frong cdc td chiie ndi chung (Taleb Cherkaoui, 2012) vd tai HEIs ndi ridng (Syynimaa, 2016; Olsen Trelsgard, 2016). Tuy nhidn, fren tiiuc te EA da dupe dp dyng frong cdc ITnh vuc cdng nghidp va hdnh chinh edng, chiing chua dupe sir dung phd biln frong ede khu vyc gido dye dgi hpc (Sanchez Joan, 2017). Do dd, edn cd nhilu nghien ciiu hon vd thye tidn EA frong bdi canh HE, bao gdra ca ti''''nh kha thi cua cac rad hinh kiln true va cde thanh phdn ciia EA dupe thilt kl ridng cho phu hpp vdi cdu true ciia HEIs (Nguydn Ai Viet cdng sy, 2014). Vide xay dung EA frong cac HEIs ggp ttidch tinic Id ldm thd nao de chuydn ddi cdc hp thdng thdng tin hidn tgi sang mpt kien tnic radi dap irag rayc tidu chidn lupc mdi md van ddm bdo dupe sy dn dinh van hanh frong qud trinh chuyin ddi. Trong nhirng nam qua, dua trdn cac nguyen tdc khdi qudt hda vd tai sir dung, kien tiiie he thdng thdng tin (Infcrraation Systera Architectiue -ISA) va rad hinh thara cbilu he tiidng thdng tm (Information Systera Reference Model-ISRM) da dupe dd cap nhu mpt thdnh phdn quan frpng dd xay dung EA ttong thuc tiln (Taleb Cherkaoui, 2012). Didn hinh la md hinh BIAN (Bormie cdng su, 2012) cho ngdnh ngdn hdng; md hinh eTOM (Czamecki cpng sy, 2013) eho nganh viin tiidng; hoac TOGAF (The Open Group, 2011) hoge CORA (Elzinga cdng sy, 2009) cho ngdnh cdng ngh thdng tin, md hmh ITI-GAF (Nguydn Ai Viet epng su, 2014), hay md hinh URP (Nguydn Thanh Tudn, 2015). Hon nira. Kiln tnic hudng djch vu - SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) xudt hipn nhu rapt phuang phdp xay dyng phan mim cd nhirng tra thi phii hpp vdi ede dy dn phdn mim quy md Idn (Hansehke edng su, 2015). Khde vdi kidn tnic phan mim nguydn khdi (Monolithie), SOA dl cgp ddn qua trinh phdt tridn phdn mdm ddc Igp va theo hudng chia hp thdng ra thdnh eae djch vy (Services). Mdi Service nay deu cd mdt logic ridng, mpt frach nhipm ridng vd cd the phdt tridn ridng bidt. D I qudn Iy vd dieu phdi cdc Services ndy thi mpt thdnh phdn true tich hpp (Enterprise Service Bus-ESB) dupe thilt kd tiong SOA dd tieh hpp chiing vdi nhau md khdng phy thupc vao nen tdng, edng nghp cua cdc iing dyng trude dd. SOA thiet lap rapt kdnh truyen thdng va dich chuyen cde thdng diep tii rapt ngdn ngir iing dung ndy sang rapt ngdn ngu ting dyng khde. Hipn da ed mpt sd iing dyng thdnh edng vdi kien tnic SOA ridng bipt (Lapahne cpng sy, 2016), tuy nhien Idra thd ndo dl tridn khai thidt kd vd phat triln SOA frong EA van edn nhiing nghien ciiu mpt each cd hp thdng. Dh dua ra Idi gidi cho bai toan frdn, chiing tdi phdt So 278 thdng 82020 kinh M a i Iripi tridn mdt thilt kl he thdng thdng tin theo huong tidp cdn EA (gpi Id thiit ki hi thing thdng tin tdng thi - Enterprise Information System Architectre) tiong phgm vi cdc tiirdng dai hpc Su phgm d Viet Nam. Thilt kl ndy dupe thyc hidn dua trdn khung kiln \mc TOGAF (Olsen Trelsgard, 2016; The Open Group, 2011) kit hpp vdi kiln tnie phan mdm SOA va sir dyng phuang phdp phat tridn phdn mdm iinh hogt (Agile Development Method). Khd nang iing dyng hipu qua cua y tudng ket hpp ndy dupe thd hipn tu hai quan diem sau ddy: (1) Cac ling dung hipn nay tgi cac HEIs da phdn dpc lap nhau vd sii dung tien nhidu nin tang edng nghd khde nhau. Vide tich hop thdng tm thdnh mpt till thdng nhdt cdn dam bao khd nang kit ndi giiia ede img dyng thdng qua nhiing dich vy dpc Igp. (2) AGILE dupe tich hpp vao SOA va TOGAF lam tang su Iinh hogt va khd nang md thay vi cdch tidp can thac nude truydn thdng. AGILE tap trung vdo phat trien vd cung cdp cdc phidn ban Idra vide frong nhung ldn lap nhd vdi thidt kl tmdc tdi thidu. 0 mdi ldn lap, cac phidn bdn phan mdra dupe cai tidn, nhiing phdn hoi thay ddi yeu cdu eua cdc ben lidn quan dupe ro rdng, giup cho qua trinh phdn tich yeu cau nghidp vu dupe kiem soat tdt hon. Ngoai ra, SOA cho phep xay dyng EA nhanh hon, Imh boat ban thdng qua vide tai su dung vd tich hop cac thdnh phdn djch vu, tai nguydn he tiidng sin cd giup tang hidu qud ddu tu. Nhu vdy, kit hpp SOA frong TOGAF va sii dyng phuang phdp AGILE se giai quydt dupe cac van dd phdt sinh tiong qua trinh chuydn ddi tii he thdng thdng tin tidn tgi sang he thdng frong tuong lai, ddra bdo sy Udn kit cdng nghd thdng tin va quy trinh nghipp vu tai cdc HEIs. 2. Cff sd ly thuyet va cdc nghidn cihi trirdc c6 lien quan Trude hit, chiing tdi dd cap din khdi niera "Tien trite doanh nghidp" - Enterprise Architecture hay cdn gpi la "Kien true tdng the" la mt cdi nhin todn eanh ve td chiie, kdt ndi giiia nghidp vu vd hd thdng cdng nghf thdng tin (Information Technology - IT). EA giilp thyc hipn ddng bp chidn lupc, nghipp vy va IT cua td chiic; giiip gia tang hidu qud thyc thi IT; ddng gdp gid trj vao phdt trien ciia td chiie (Lapahne cpng sy, 2016). "Enterprise" (doanh nghidp) d day dupe hieu nhu rapt td chirc cd djnh hudng, tuy tiing ngii canh cd thd Id rapt doanh nghidp, mdt trudng dgi hpc, hay rapt eo quan chinh phii... Ke tit dd, ed nhidu hpe gia da nd lyc nghidn cim dd tira phuong phdp thiei Ke va pum un-^ -.. — - thdng phiic tap frong ba thgp ky qua. EA nhu rapt phuong phdp tiiilt kd edp cao nhat lidn quan ddn chidn lupc, edng nghp thdng tin va nguon lue cua td chiie, da dupe dp dyng rdng rai tidn thd gidi vdi bdn quan diem sau: (1) EA la mdt kl hoach chi tilt, bao gdm hipn trgng va tdm nhin tuang lai cua td chiic. (2) Phdt tiiln EA Id mdt quy tiinh ed he tiidng, tiong dd he thdng IT dupe lien hit vdi chidn lupe ciia td chiic. (3) EA la mdt tdp hpp cac phuong phap, quy trinh nghiep vu, tidu chudn ky tiiuat vd ddu tu he tiidng thdng tin phu hpp vdi chidn lupc eiia td chiic. (4) EA cung cdp mpt each nhin thdng nhdt cho cde bdn lien quan dd hidu va nhin nhgn td chiic tir nhieu quan diem khac nhau. "Architecture" (kiln tnic), theo tit diln Merriam - Webster, dupe dinh nghia Id: "Nghe thudt thiit ke vd xdy dung cdc cdu triic phirc tgp vi cdc thdnh phdn cd nhiiu chiing logi khde nhau edng nhu cdch thdc chung dugc td chuc vd tich hgrp ldm mgt thi thong nhdt hoac mgt hinh thirc chat chi". Nhu vgy, kiln tnic he thdng thdng tin - Information System Architecture la ban kl hoach the hipn kidn tnic ttjong lai raong muon cua hf thdng thdng tin frong td chuc. Kien tnic he thdng thdng tin cung cap khung cdnh eho nha quan Iy khi ra cdc quyet dinh thich hpp lidn quan tdi td chiic cua hp. Kd tilp, khai nidm "He thdng thdng tin tdng thi" - Enterprise Information System (EIS) duoc hieu Id mdt he thdng thdng tin cd kha nang xii Iy nhiing quy trinh nghiep vu phiic tap bang edeh tich hpp thdng tin tu nhilu ngudn khac khau, dupe sii dyng bdi tat ed cdc bp phdn frong td chirc. EIS bao gdm cdc chuc ndng CO bdn nhu: thu thap, xu Iy, qudn ly, luu trii vd ddra quydn truy cap tdi nguyen hipu qud ciia td chiic (Bd Tdi nguydn vd Mdi trudng, 2019; Bp Thdng tin vd Truydn thdng, 2015). Hp thdng thdng tin tdng the cd 3 dac tinh: (1) EIS nhu mgt phdn mim trung gjan (middleware), cho phep tich hop, kit ndi cdc thdnh phdn ling dyng frong he thdng. Dilu nay dupe tiidn khai dd kbdc phyc nhirng hgn chi do su hogt dpng ridng le cua cac phan radm iing dung frong td chiic, dac bipt ty dpng khdp ndi quy trinh nghipp vy d cac khdu chuyin ddi du lipu tti phi edu true sang cdu tnic. Vdi dge tinh nay thi iing dyng tich hpp tdng thd va kiln tnic hudng djch vu (SOA) ddng vai frd Sd 278 thdng 82020 M\fM{{m Hinh 1. Quy trinh i»y dyng kiln trdc h« th«ng thong tin tSng thi Transformation process ^ C> Current situation Blueprint of the current situation r^wesented with its components and relations I L strategy of d i a r ^ J. Interventions Dependent on the dimensions of strategy 4 Desired situation Blueprint of the desered situation r^Mesented with its components and relations Nguon: Yuliana Rahardjo (2016). quan frpng frong vi^c xay dyng h thdng tiidng tin tdng thd. (2) EIS gdm ede thdnh phdn hoge phdn he (thu thgp, x i ly, quan I^, luu tiii, bao qudn, phdn phoi, phan quydn) cita hd thdng thdng tin tdng till nhu la nhiing djch vu dOc lp. Cde ehiic nang nay dupe khai tilde nhu cdc dich vy diing chung, cho phep tdt cd cdc ling dung tiong td chirc ed lidn quan diu ed thd sii dung, nhd vy franh dupe vi^c dau tu tning lap. Vdi dac tinh nay, tidu chudn ky thugt cho cac giao didn kdt ndi giiia djch vu (API) khde nhau ddng vai frd quan frpng frong vipc xdy dyng he thdng tiidng tin tdng thi. (3) £75 Id mgt kho luu trir thdng nhdt cho tdt ca eae loai thdng tin cua td chie. Dir lieu diing chung cua he thong se luu trir tdp tnmg tai rapt kho thdng nhdt, dam bdo cung cap thdng tin vd dii lieu cdn thidt cho tat ca cac iing dung. Nhd vgy, cd thd loai bd tinh thieu nhat qudn vl thdng tin, dir Hpu va gidm thidu dupe chi phi luu trii. Trong dac tinh nay, vipc qudn Iy vdng ddi ciia dir lieu ddng vai frd quan frpng frong vipc tridn khai h thdng thdng tin tdng the. Bai todn xay dyng EIS Id mpt bdi toan phiic tap, lien quan din nhidu doi tupng va tiianh phan khde nhau: con ngudi, co sd v^t chdt, quy trinh, thd che, ngudn lyc, chi phi...Neu khdng xay dyng mpt EIS dung phuang phdp se dan ddn ddu tu chdng cheo, cac he thdng khdng cd tuang tde, chia se dii H^u, khd tieh hpp va rad rdng frong tuong lai. Hudng xay dung EIS theo each tilp cdn kien tnic tdng thi se gidi quydt mdt each ttiet dl bai toan tidn. Theo Yuliana Rahardjo (2016) se cd 3 budc de xay dung kiln tnic EIS dupe minh hpa tiong Hmh I, gom: (1) Md td kiin trite hiin tgi (As-Is): Qua qua trinh khao sat vd danh gia hien frgng, tiln hanh d\mg lgi kidn ti^c hien tgi ciia hd thdng. Tu dd cd thi xdc djnh dupe vdn dd cua he thdng hipn tgi. (2) Md td Men true tuang lai (To-Be): Ld kien tnic cdn dgt tdi ciia td chiic dua tidn khung kiln tnic tdng thd, tdm nhin vd sy lya chpn cdng nghd. (3) Ki hogch chuyin ddi (Transition Plan): Tir kidn tnic hidn tgi vd kidn tnic tucmg lai, xay dung cac budc bao gdm cac gidi phdp, trinh tu va dp uu tidn can thuc hidn de chuyen tu As-Is sang To-Be. Kd tiep, khung kidn tnie TOGAF dupe de xuat bdi The Open Group va siia ddi (Tao edng sy, 2016) da sdm frd thdnh mdt frong nhung khung kiln tnic ndi tieng nhdt dupe cdng bd bdi cdc td chiic khac nhau (Yuliana Rahardjo, 2016). Vdi si^ thuc day ciia cdc nhd sdn xudt qudc td (IBM, HP, SUN, v.v), TOGAF hidn Id khung kiln tiiic hdng ddu, dang duprc 73 cdc tap dodn qude td su dyng rdng rai (Tao cpng su, 2016). Tgi Viet Nara, ngdy cdng cd nhieu co quan chinh phu cdng bd khung So 278 thdng 82020 95 kinht^PhattriPi Hinh 2. Kien true loi BIT cua ADM Nguon: Feng Runye (2017). EA vd phuang phdp xdy dyng theo TOGAF (Bd Tdi nguydn va Mdi trudng, 2019; Bd Thdng tin va Truyen thdng, 2015). TOGAF bao gdm hai bp tieu chudn cho qud trinh xay dyng kidn tnic do Id: (I) tap hpp cac quy tdc vd phuang phap lugn dd phat tridn EA gpi Id ADM (Architecture Development Method) vd (2) tap hpp cde meta-model (sidu md hinh) cua npi dung khtmg tham chidu gpi la ACF (Architecture Content Framework) (Yuliana Rahardjo, 2016; Tao cpng su, 2017). Kit qud nghidn ciiu ciia Yuliana Rahardjo (2016) ciing da dl xudt phuang phdp md hinh hda kiln tnie linh boat (Agile Enterprise Architecture) dya tien TOGAF va quy trinh phdt tridn phan mdm AGILE; tgp trung vdo sy lidn kit giira IT vd quy frinh nghiep vy frong qud trinh Igp de chuyen ddi tir As-Is sang To-Be. Tidp theo, ADM la phuong phdp phdt trien kien tnic theo TOGAF vdi rapt qua trinh lap lai todn dipn, ddng tin cay va hipu qud dupe tiiyc hipn trong timg giai dogn dd dap iing cac yeu cdu chidn lupc. ADM djnh nghia qua ttinh tiiilt kl EA la mpt vdng tudn hodn phat trien tir kiln tnic nghipp vy cho ddn kiln ttnic tiidng tin vd xac djnh ddu vdoddu ra cho raoi giai doan (Feng Runye, 2017). Nhu trinh bdy tiong hinh 2, ADM chia quy trinh rad hinh EA thanh 8 giai dogn tir A ddn H. ADM dupe lap lgi fren tat cd, frong va giira cac giai dogn. Toan bd chu trinh ciia ADM la lap ldp ngodi vd mdt sd pha lap Idp bdn frong. Tidp dd, ACF dupe djnh nghia Id mdt cdu tnic npi dung trim tupng dupe chinh thiic hda d cdp dp sidu md hinh (meta-model). Cdu true nhdra ddra bdo tinh thdng nhat ciia ndi dung trong quy triiih md hinh hda tdng thd (Yuliana Rahardjo, 2016). ACF bao gdra djnh nghTa vd eae kidn tnie ndi dung chinh ciing nhu ede radi quan he cua ehiing ddm bdo tinh nhdt quan ve ngu nghia vd edu tnic. Trong TOGAF, rao td cd tinh toan dien dupe tap trung d ba kiln true: Kien true nghidp vu (Business Architecture), Kidn tnic hp thdng thdng tin (Information Systems Architecture) va Kiln tnic cdng nghe (Technology Architecture), vidt tdt la BIT dupe minh hpa trong hinh 2. Trong kit qua nghien ciiu cua Feng Runye (2017) thi BIT dupe hilu Id ban md td cac quy tiinh nghipp vu, tich hpp djch vy thdng tin vd tieu chudn ky thugt d cde giai dogn khde nhau tiong qud tiinh phdt ttiln EA. Qua ttinh phat tiidn EA dua frdn TOGAF la tiudt kl Igp vd xdy dung ede rad hinh kiln tnic BIT bdng each tiian theo vdng ddi ADM, dupe dieu khiln bdi tdra nhin kiln tiiic (Architectiue Vision) va cac yeu Sd 278 thdng 82020 96 MteAt Irien : '''' 13: Cac thdnh phdn kiln true loi BIT ciia ADM core extension content of B Ngudn: Feng Runye (2017). cdu da kilm sodt. Theo Feng Runye (2017) thi BIT se bao gdm: (1} Business Architecture (B): Md ta ehidn lupc, cdu tnic, hoat dpng, quy frinh, quy tdc va ludng tiidng tin lidn quan cua mdt td chiic. Md hinh B chi ra mdi quan hp tuang tac giiia nghiep vu vd quy trinh npi bp nhu mpt nut frong quy trinh nghiep vy (Business Processes). Meta-model ndi dung ciia B chita 6 thyc the npi dung cdt loi (td chiic, tac nhan, vai tid, quy frinh, chiic nang vd dich vu) va 10 thue thd md rpng (nhu hinh 3) frong ACF. Thay vi tuang tdc frong tdi nguyen he thdng, B tap trung vao cac quy trinh nghidp vy va mdi quan hd tucmg tac. (2) Information Systems Architecture (I): Cung cap mdt kd hoach chi tilt cho cac he thdng SOA dupe trien khai va mdi quan he ciia chiing vdi cac quy tiinh nghiep vy cdt Idi, bao gdm kien tnic djch vy, nguydn tac djch vu, hoat ddng, tham sd IO va giao didn djch vu cua SOA dupe xde djnh bdi B. Meta-model npi dung ciia I chiia 2 thue thd n^i dung cdt ldi (cac thdnh phan logic cua img dung va thuc thd dii lidu) vd 4 thyc thi md rpng (nhu hinh 3) frong ACF. Vdi thyc thi diS lieu (Data-Entity) lien quan den Dich vu (Business-Service) frong B. (3) Technology Architecture (T): Mo ta cac tai nguydn he thdng, ca sd hg tang va tieu chuan ky thuat ciia EA (bao gdm cd: giao tidp mang, he thdng phan tdn va bao mat thdng tin dupe sir dung de hd frp B va I). Meta-model ndi dung ciia T chiia 2 thyc flie cdt ldi (Djch vu ndn tang vd Thanh phdn cdng nghp vat ly) va mot thyc thd md rdng (nhu hinh 3) I core extension content of T i extension content ot l frong ACF. Dich vu nin tang (Platform-Service) cd hdn quan ddn Business-Service tiong B vd ede thdnh phan cdng nghp vat Iy (Physical-Technology- Components) cd lien quan den Logical-Application- Component ttong I. Ro rdng, ba quan dilm kiln tnic ciia BIT dupe kit hpp nhu mpt tdng thi thdng qua su lien kit ca ban frong ACF va tuong tae ho frp ldn nhau. Bang edeh chpn ngdn ngii md hinh hda phii hpp vd cac yeu td rad hinh hda lidn quan den anh xa, cac kidn tnic BIT dupe edu hinh theo cdch tilp can ket hpp Business Processes vdi SOA de giu sy lidn ket giiia nghidp vu vd edng nghe thdng tin. Cudi eiing, SOA dupe chiing tdi de xuat frong TOGAF vdi vide bd sung rapt trye tich hpp djch vu (ESB) d thiet ke EA nhdm tao su gan kit chat che giiia ba thanh phdn, gdm: Business-Service frong B, Data-Entity frong I vd Platform-Service frong T, gpi Id BIT-SOA. Cu the eiia kidn tnic nay se duoc trinh bay frong phdn kit qua nghien ciiu. 3. Phinmg phap nghien cihi Nghien cuu ndy, chimg tdi sit dung cac phucmg phap phat ...

KET HOP SOA VA TOGAF DE XAY DL IN'J HE THdNG THONG TIN TONG THE TAI CAC TRlTOfNG DAI HOC SlT PHAM d VIET NAM

Nguyen Duy Hai

Tru&ng Dgi hge Suphgm Hd Ndi

Muc dich cua nghiin cuu ndy Id thiit ki kiin tnic cdng ngh$ thdng tin tdng the cho cdc truang dgi hgc suphgm a Viet Nam nhdm hd tra cdc dan vi ndy xdy dung hi thdng thdng tin tdng the ddp icng dugc nhu cdu hiin tgi vd ed the thich ung dugc trong tuang lai He thdng thdng tin ctia cdc tru&ng dgi hgc hiin cd dugc phdt tiien ddc lap, da nin tdng nin khi xdy dung mdt hi thdng thdng tin tdng the seggp khdng it thdch thirc tiong viec ki thiea cde h$ thdng sdn ed di ehuyin ddi sang hi thdng m&i ddp ung duac tdm nhin, chiin lug^c vd nhicng yeu cdu nghiep vu m&i Nghien cihi ngdy duge thue hien bdng viec sit dung khung kiin trdc TOGAF kit hgp v&i kien trdc hu&ng dich vu SOA vd phuangphdp xdy dung phdn mem linh hogt AGILE Ddng th&i, di kiem chieng cho tinh khd thi ciia thiit ki ehung tdi th\cc hi^n mgt di/c dn thuc nghi?m tgi mgt tru&ng dgi hgc v&i bdi todn xde dinh KPIs eua gidng vien

Tu khoa.- Hd thdng thdng tin tdng thd; Kidn tnic hudng djch vu; Kien tnic tdng the; SOA;

This research is to design an EIS ofEA for pedagggical universities in Vietnam to support these institutions in building an EIS which meets current demands and can be adaptable in the fiiture Ihe eunwit information system of universities is being developed independently, multi-platform; consequently, the building of EIS will face many challenges when inheriting available legacy system for conversion to the new system to fulfill new vision, stiategy and business requirements This study was conducted using TOGAF architecture framework in combination with Service-oriented architecture (SOA) and AGILE software construction methodology An experimental project at a university with the KPIs determination application of the lecturers was implemented to verify the feasibility of the design

Keywords: Enterprise information system; service-oriented architecture; enterprise architecture; SOA; TOGAF

JEL Code: Ml 5

Sd 278 thdng 8/2020 92 k i l h l c A l im

Gido dye dai hpc (HE) Id rapt frong nhiing hogt dOng gdp phdn tao nen su tiln bp cua xa hpi thdng qua cdc chiic nang ndi bgt la: dao tao ttinh dp cao, nghien cihi hpc thudt, vd cung edp dich vu giao due cho xa hpi (Laredo, 2007) Mac du Iiiih vuc ndy vdn duy tri vd ke thira nhiing gia tri lich sti nhdt dinh, tuy nhidn cac td chiic giao dye dgi hpc (HEIs) hien dang phdi ddi radt vdi nhidu thdch thiic nhu: qud trinh qudc te hda, vide gidra tai frp tii chinh phu, sy xuat hien cua cdng nghp giao due mdi va nhihig ydu cdu ddra bao chat Iupng (Liu, 2016; Prisacariu, 2015), Day la mdt dp luc ddi vdi HEIs, khdng chi phai nang cao hidu qud hogt dOng ma ddng thdi cdn phai cdi thien chat luong ddo tgo hidn tai

Vi vay, mdt frong nhung ddi hdi cdp thilt la HEIs can phdi cd sy thay ddi todn dipn vd phuang phdp quan Iy (Pucciarelli & Kaplan, 2016) nhu: cdc quy trinh quan Iy - hpc thugt (quy trinh ddo tgo vd nghien eiiu khoa hpc), quy frinh cung cap dich vu giao due vd cau triic ben trong Chiing cdn dupe lien ttjc cdi tien, tgo ra rapt kidn tnic mem ddo vdi cdc cdng eu Iinh boat, tin eay nhdm ddm bdo su thich img vdi cdc thdch thlic ttong tting giai doan phat tridn ciia td chiic frong tuong lai

Hidn nay, biic tranh vl hd thdng thdng tin (IS) tai HEIs cd tinh chdt dac thii cua moi td chiic, chu ylu ty phat tridn de phu hpp vdi md hinh, cau tnic vd quy trinh nghiep vy hien tgi, hoge tidn Idn giiia cdc sdn pham phan mim raua bdn ngodi dupe didu chinh cac chuc ndng cho phu hpp vdi yen cau ciia mdi dan vj (Dent, 2015) Vipc tin hda va iing dyng cdng nghd thdng tin frong qudn Iy cua HEIs da cd nhieu kdt qua, tuy nhidn eiing dang gap nhidu frd ngai vl:

hipn tupng "cdt cu" thdng tin bdn frong cua cac td

chifc, kha nang tich hpp he thdng va cung cap thdng tm ho frp ra quydt djnh Ngodi ra, viec ngay cdng c6 nhidu vdn de phi ky tiiugt, nghidn eiiu khdng day dti vd nhu cau thdng tin hda, thay ddi thudng xuyen ve nghidp vu, khdng nhat qudn frong qudn tri vd xay dung thdng tin eiing ldm anh hudng den hidu qud cua vide tin hpc hda frong HEIs

Gdn day Kiln tinic tdng tiid Enterprise Architecture (EA) dupe eoi la rapt frong nhung cdng ey cho phep cac td chirc iing phd vdi nhung bdt cap ndi frdn (Pucciarelli & Kaplan, 2016; Dent, 2015) Nhilu hpc gia da thdo lugn vl tam quan frpng va raiic dp phii hpp thuc t l cua EA frong cdc td chiie ndi chung (Taleb & Cherkaoui, 2012) vd tai HEIs ndi ridng (Syynimaa, 2016; Olsen & Trelsgard, 2016)

cdc ITnh vuc cdng nghidp va hdnh chinh edng, chiing chua dupe sir dung phd biln frong ede khu vyc gido dye dgi hpc (Sanchez & Joan, 2017) Do dd, edn cd nhilu nghien ciiu hon vd thye tidn EA frong bdi canh HE, bao gdra ca ti'nh kha thi cua cac rad hinh kiln true va cde thanh phdn ciia EA dupe thilt k l ridng cho phu hpp vdi cdu true ciia HEIs (Nguydn Ai Viet & cdng sy, 2014)

Vide xay dung EA frong cac HEIs ggp ttidch tinic Id ldm thd nao de chuydn ddi cdc hp thdng thdng tin hidn tgi sang mpt kien tnic radi dap irag rayc tidu chidn lupc mdi md van ddm bdo dupe sy dn dinh van hanh frong qud trinh chuyin ddi Trong nhirng nam qua, dua trdn cac nguyen tdc khdi qudt hda vd tai sir dung, kien tiiie he thdng thdng tin (Infcrraation Systera Architectiue -ISA) va rad hinh thara cbilu he tiidng thdng tm (Information Systera Reference Model-ISRM) da dupe dd cap nhu mpt thdnh phdn quan frpng dd xay dung EA ttong thuc tiln (Taleb & Cherkaoui, 2012) Didn hinh la md hinh BIAN (Bormie & cdng su, 2012) cho ngdnh ngdn hdng; md hinh eTOM (Czamecki & cpng sy, 2013) eho nganh viin tiidng; hoac TOGAF (The Open Group, 2011) hoge CORA (Elzinga & cdng sy, 2009) cho ngdnh cdng ngh§ thdng tin, md hmh ITI-GAF (Nguydn Ai Viet & epng su, 2014), hay md hinh URP (Nguydn Thanh Tudn, 2015)

Hon nira Kiln tnic hudng djch vu - SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) xudt hipn nhu rapt phuang phdp xay dyng phan mim cd nhirng tra thi phii hpp vdi ede dy dn phdn mim quy md Idn (Hansehke & edng su, 2015) Khde vdi kidn tnic phan mim nguydn khdi (Monolithie), SOA dl cgp ddn qua trinh phdt tridn phdn mdm ddc Igp va theo hudng chia hp thdng ra thdnh eae djch vy (Services) Mdi Service nay deu cd mdt logic ridng, mpt frach nhipm ridng vd cd the phdt tridn ridng bidt D I qudn Iy vd dieu phdi cdc Services ndy thi mpt thdnh phdn true tich hpp (Enterprise Service Bus-ESB) dupe thilt kd tiong SOA dd tieh hpp chiing vdi nhau md khdng phy thupc vao nen tdng, edng nghp cua cdc iing dyng trude dd SOA thiet lap rapt kdnh truyen thdng va dich chuyen cde thdng diep tii rapt ngdn ngir iing dung ndy sang rapt ngdn ngu ting dyng khde Hipn da ed mpt sd iing dyng thdnh edng vdi kien tnic SOA ridng bipt (Lapahne & cpng sy, 2016), tuy nhien Idra thd ndo dl tridn khai thidt kd vd phat triln SOA frong EA van edn nhiing nghien ciiu mpt each cd hp thdng

Dh dua ra Idi gidi cho bai toan frdn, chiing tdi phdt

kinh M a i Iripi

cdn EA (gpi Id thiit ki hi thing thdng tin tdng thi - Enterprise Information System Architectre) tiong

phgm vi cdc tiirdng dai hpc Su phgm d Viet Nam Thilt kl ndy dupe thyc hidn dua trdn khung kiln

\mc TOGAF (Olsen & Trelsgard, 2016; The Open

Group, 2011) kit hpp vdi kiln tnie phan mdm SOA va sir dyng phuang phdp phat tridn phdn mdm iinh hogt (Agile Development Method) Khd nang iing dyng hipu qua cua y tudng ket hpp ndy dupe thd hipn tu hai quan diem sau ddy:

(1) Cac ling dung hipn nay tgi cac HEIs da phdn dpc lap nhau vd sii dung tien nhidu nin tang edng nghd khde nhau Vide tich hop thdng tm thdnh mpt till thdng nhdt cdn dam bao khd nang kit ndi giiia ede img dyng thdng qua nhiing dich vy dpc Igp

(2) AGILE dupe tich hpp vao SOA va TOGAF lam tang su Iinh hogt va khd nang md thay vi cdch tidp can thac nude truydn thdng AGILE tap trung vdo phat trien vd cung cdp cdc phidn ban Idra vide frong nhung ldn lap nhd vdi thidt kl tmdc tdi thidu 0 mdi ldn lap, cac phidn bdn phan mdra dupe cai tidn, nhiing phdn hoi thay ddi yeu cdu eua cdc ben lidn quan dupe ro rdng, giup cho qua trinh phdn tich yeu cau nghidp vu dupe kiem soat tdt hon Ngoai ra, SOA cho phep xay dyng EA nhanh hon, Imh boat ban thdng qua vide tai su dung vd tich hop cac thdnh phdn djch vu, tai nguydn he tiidng sin cd giup tang hidu qud ddu tu

Nhu vdy, kit hpp SOA frong TOGAF va sii dyng phuang phdp AGILE se giai quydt dupe cac van dd phdt sinh tiong qua trinh chuydn ddi tii he thdng thdng tin tidn tgi sang he thdng frong tuong lai, ddra bdo sy Udn kit cdng nghd thdng tin va quy trinh nghipp vu tai cdc HEIs

2 Cff sd ly thuyet va cdc nghidn cihi trirdc c6 lien quan

Trude hit, chiing tdi dd cap din khdi niera "/Tien

trite doanh nghidp" - Enterprise Architecture hay cdn gpi la "Kien true tdng the" la m$t cdi nhin todn

eanh ve td chiie, kdt ndi giiia nghidp vu vd hd thdng cdng nghf thdng tin (Information Technology - IT) EA giilp thyc hipn ddng bp chidn lupc, nghipp vy va IT cua td chiic; giiip gia tang hidu qud thyc thi IT; ddng gdp gid trj vao phdt trien ciia td chiie (Lapahne

& cpng sy, 2016) "Enterprise" (doanh nghidp)

d day dupe hieu nhu rapt td chirc cd djnh hudng, tuy tiing ngii canh cd thd Id rapt doanh nghidp, mdt trudng dgi hpc, hay rapt eo quan chinh phii Ke tit dd, ed nhidu hpe gia da nd lyc nghidn cim dd tira

thdng phiic tap frong ba thgp ky qua

EA nhu rapt phuong phdp tiiilt kd edp cao nhat lidn quan ddn chidn lupc, edng nghp thdng tin va nguon lue cua td chiie, da dupe dp dyng rdng rai tidn thd gidi vdi bdn quan diem sau:

(1) EA la mdt kl hoach chi tilt, bao gdm hipn trgng va tdm nhin tuang lai cua td chiic

(2) Phdt tiiln EA Id mdt quy tiinh ed he tiidng, tiong dd he thdng IT dupe lien hit vdi chidn lupe ciia td chiic

(3) EA la mdt tdp hpp cac phuong phap, quy trinh nghiep vu, tidu chudn ky tiiuat vd ddu tu he tiidng thdng tin phu hpp vdi chidn lupc eiia td chiic

(4) EA cung cdp mpt each nhin thdng nhdt cho cde bdn lien quan dd hidu va nhin nhgn td chiic tir nhieu quan diem khac nhau

"Architecture" (kiln tnic), theo tit diln Merriam - Webster, dupe dinh nghia Id: "Nghe thudt thiit ke vd xdy dung cdc cdu triic phirc tgp v&i cdc thdnh phdn cd nhiiu chiing logi khde nhau edng nhu cdch thdc chung dugc td chuc vd tich hgrp ldm mgt thi thong nhdt hoac mgt hinh thirc chat chi" Nhu vgy,

kiln tnic he thdng thdng tin - Information System Architecture la ban kl hoach the hipn kidn tnic ttjong lai raong muon cua hf thdng thdng tin frong td chuc Kien tnic he thdng thdng tin cung cap khung cdnh eho nha quan Iy khi ra cdc quyet dinh thich hpp lidn quan tdi td chiic cua hp

Kd tilp, khai nidm "He thdng thdng tin tdng thi" - Enterprise Information System (EIS) duoc hieu Id

mdt he thdng thdng tin cd kha nang xii Iy nhiing quy trinh nghiep vu phiic tap bang edeh tich hpp thdng tin tu nhilu ngudn khac khau, dupe sii dyng bdi tat ed cdc bp phdn frong td chirc EIS bao gdm cdc chuc ndng CO bdn nhu: thu thap, xu Iy, qudn ly, luu trii vd ddra quydn truy cap tdi nguyen hipu qud ciia td chiic (Bd Tdi nguydn vd Mdi trudng, 2019; Bp Thdng tin vd Truydn thdng, 2015) Hp thdng thdng tin tdng the cd 3 dac tinh:

(1) EIS nhu mgt phdn mim trung gjan (middleware), cho phep tich hop, kit ndi cdc thdnh

phdn ling dyng frong he thdng Dilu nay dupe tiidn khai dd kbdc phyc nhirng hgn chi do su hogt dpng ridng le cua cac phan radm iing dung frong td chiic, dac bipt ty dpng khdp ndi quy trinh nghipp vy d cac khdu chuyin ddi du lipu tti phi edu true sang cdu tnic Vdi dge tinh nay thi iing dyng tich hpp tdng thd va kiln tnic hudng djch vu (SOA) ddng vai frd

Nguon: Yuliana & Rahardjo (2016)

quan frpng frong vi^c xay dyng h$ thdng tiidng tin tdng thd

(2) EIS gdm ede thdnh phdn hoge phdn he (thu

thgp, x i ly, quan I^, luu tiii, bao qudn, phdn phoi, phan quydn) cita hd thdng thdng tin tdng till nhu la nhiing djch vu dOc l|p Cde ehiic nang nay dupe khai tilde nhu cdc dich vy diing chung, cho phep tdt cd cdc ling dung tiong td chirc ed lidn quan diu ed thd sii dung, nhd v | y franh dupe vi^c dau tu tning lap Vdi dac tinh nay, tidu chudn ky thugt cho cac giao didn kdt ndi giiia djch vu (API) khde nhau ddng vai frd quan frpng frong vipc xdy dyng he thdng tiidng tin tdng thi

(3) £75 Id mgt kho luu trir thdng nhdt cho tdt ca

eae loai thdng tin cua td chie Dir lieu diing chung cua he thong se luu trir tdp tnmg tai rapt kho thdng nhdt, dam bdo cung cap thdng tin vd dii lieu cdn thidt cho tat ca cac iing dung Nhd vgy, cd thd loai bd tinh thieu nhat qudn vl thdng tin, dir Hpu va gidm thidu dupe chi phi luu trii Trong dac tinh nay, vipc qudn Iy vdng ddi ciia dir lieu ddng vai frd quan frpng frong vipc tridn khai h§ thdng thdng tin tdng the

Bai todn xay dyng EIS Id mpt bdi toan phiic tap, lien quan din nhidu doi tupng va tiianh phan khde nhau: con ngudi, co sd v^t chdt, quy trinh, thd che, ngudn lyc, chi phi Neu khdng xay dyng mpt EIS dung phuang phdp se dan ddn ddu tu chdng cheo,

cac he thdng khdng cd tuang tde, chia se dii H^u, khd tieh hpp va rad rdng frong tuong lai Hudng xay dung EIS theo each tilp cdn kien tnic tdng thi se gidi quydt mdt each ttiet dl bai toan tidn Theo Yuliana & Rahardjo (2016) se cd 3 budc de xay dung kiln tnic EIS dupe minh hpa tiong Hmh I, gom:

(1) Md td kiin trite hiin tgi (As-Is): Qua qua

trinh khao sat vd danh gia hien frgng, tiln hanh d\mg lgi kidn ti^c hien tgi ciia hd thdng Tu dd cd thi xdc djnh dupe vdn dd cua he thdng hipn tgi

(2) Md td Men true tuang lai (To-Be): Ld kien

tnic cdn dgt tdi ciia td chiic dua tidn khung kiln tnic tdng thd, tdm nhin vd sy lya chpn cdng nghd

(3) Ki hogch chuyin ddi (Transition Plan): Tir

kidn tnic hidn tgi vd kidn tnic tucmg lai, xay dung cac budc bao gdm cac gidi phdp, trinh tu va dp uu tidn can thuc hidn de chuyen tu As-Is sang To-Be

Kd tiep, khung kidn tnie TOGAF dupe de xuat bdi The Open Group va siia ddi (Tao & edng sy, 2016) da sdm frd thdnh mdt frong nhung khung kiln tnic ndi tieng nhdt dupe cdng bd bdi cdc td chiic khac nhau (Yuliana & Rahardjo, 2016) Vdi si^ thuc day ciia cdc nhd sdn xudt qudc td (IBM, HP, SUN, v.v), TOGAF hidn Id khung kiln tiiic hdng ddu, dang duprc 73% cdc tap dodn qude td su dyng rdng rai (Tao & cpng su, 2016) Tgi Viet Nara, ngdy cdng cd nhieu co quan chinh phu cdng bd khung

Nguon: Feng & Runye (2017)

EA vd phuang phdp xdy dyng theo TOGAF (Bd Tdi nguydn va Mdi trudng, 2019; Bd Thdng tin va Truyen thdng, 2015) TOGAF bao gdm hai bp tieu chudn cho qud trinh xay dyng kidn tnic do Id: (I) tap hpp cac quy tdc vd phuang phap lugn dd phat tridn EA gpi Id ADM (Architecture Development Method) vd (2) tap hpp cde meta-model (sidu md hinh) cua npi dung khtmg tham chidu gpi la ACF (Architecture Content Framework) (Yuliana & Rahardjo, 2016; Tao & cpng su, 2017) Kit qud nghidn ciiu ciia Yuliana & Rahardjo (2016) ciing da dl xudt phuang phdp md hinh hda kiln tnie linh boat

(Agile Enterprise Architecture) dya tien TOGAF va

quy trinh phdt tridn phan mdm AGILE; tgp trung vdo sy lidn kit giira IT vd quy frinh nghiep vy frong qud trinh Igp de chuyen ddi tir As-Is sang To-Be

Tidp theo, ADM la phuong phdp phdt trien kien tnic theo TOGAF vdi rapt qua trinh lap lai todn dipn, ddng tin cay va hipu qud dupe tiiyc hipn trong timg giai dogn dd dap iing cac yeu cdu chidn lupc ADM djnh nghia qua ttinh tiiilt kl EA la mpt vdng tudn hodn phat trien tir kiln tnic nghipp vy cho ddn kiln ttnic tiidng tin vd xac djnh ddu vdo/ddu ra cho raoi giai doan (Feng & Runye, 2017) Nhu trinh bdy tiong hinh 2, ADM chia quy trinh rad hinh EA thanh

8 giai dogn tir A ddn H ADM dupe lap lgi fren tat cd, frong va giira cac giai dogn Toan bd chu trinh ciia ADM la lap ldp ngodi vd mdt sd pha lap Idp bdn frong

Tidp dd, ACF dupe djnh nghia Id mdt cdu tnic npi dung trim tupng dupe chinh thiic hda d cdp dp sidu md hinh (meta-model) Cdu true nhdra ddra bdo tinh thdng nhat ciia ndi dung trong quy triiih md hinh hda tdng thd (Yuliana & Rahardjo, 2016) ACF bao gdra djnh nghTa vd eae kidn tnie ndi dung chinh ciing nhu ede radi quan he cua ehiing ddm bdo tinh nhdt quan ve ngu nghia vd edu tnic Trong TOGAF, rao td cd tinh toan dien dupe tap trung d ba kiln true: Kien true nghidp vu (Business Architecture), Kidn tnic hp thdng thdng tin (Information Systems Architecture) va Kiln tnic cdng nghe (Technology Architecture), vidt tdt la BIT dupe minh hpa trong hinh 2 Trong kit qua nghien ciiu cua Feng & Runye (2017) thi BIT dupe hilu Id ban md td cac quy tiinh nghipp vu, tich hpp djch vy thdng tin vd tieu chudn ky thugt d cde

giai dogn khde nhau tiong qud tiinh phdt ttiln EA

Qua ttinh phat tiidn EA dua frdn TOGAF la tiudt kl Igp vd xdy dung ede rad hinh kiln tnic BIT bdng each tiian theo vdng ddi ADM, dupe dieu khiln bdi tdra nhin kiln tiiic (Architectiue Vision) va cac yeu

core & extension content of B

Ngudn: Feng & Runye (2017)

cdu da kilm sodt Theo Feng & Runye (2017) thi BIT se bao gdm:

(1} Business Architecture (B): Md ta ehidn

lupc, cdu tnic, hoat dpng, quy frinh, quy tdc va ludng tiidng tin lidn quan cua mdt td chiic Md hinh B chi ra mdi quan hp tuang tac giiia nghiep vu vd quy trinh npi bp nhu mpt nut frong quy trinh nghiep vy (Business Processes) Meta-model ndi dung ciia B chita 6 thyc the npi dung cdt loi (td chiic, tac nhan, vai tid, quy frinh, chiic nang vd dich vu) va 10 thue thd md rpng (nhu hinh 3) frong ACF Thay vi tuang tdc frong tdi nguyen he thdng, B tap trung vao cac quy trinh nghidp vy va mdi quan hd tucmg tac

(2) Information Systems Architecture (I): Cung

cap mdt kd hoach chi tilt cho cac he thdng SOA dupe trien khai va mdi quan he ciia chiing vdi cac quy tiinh nghiep vy cdt Idi, bao gdm kien tnic djch vy, nguydn tac djch vu, hoat ddng, tham sd I/O va giao didn djch vu cua SOA dupe xde djnh bdi B Meta-model npi dung ciia I chiia 2 thue thd n^i dung cdt ldi (cac thdnh phan logic cua img dung va thuc thd dii lidu) vd 4 thyc thi md rpng (nhu hinh 3) frong ACF Vdi thyc thi diS lieu (Data-Entity) lien quan den Dich vu (Business-Service) frong B

(3) Technology Architecture (T): Mo ta cac tai

nguydn he thdng, ca sd hg tang va tieu chuan ky thuat ciia EA (bao gdm cd: giao tidp mang, he thdng phan tdn va bao mat thdng tin dupe sir dung de hd frp B va I) Meta-model ndi dung ciia T chiia 2 thyc flie cdt ldi (Djch vu ndn tang vd Thanh phdn cdng nghp vat ly) va mot thyc thd md rdng (nhu hinh 3)

I core & extension content of T i extension content ot l

frong ACF Dich vu nin tang (Platform-Service) cd hdn quan ddn Business-Service tiong B vd ede thdnh phan cdng nghp vat Iy (Physical-Technology-Components) cd lien quan den Logical-Application-Component ttong I Ro rdng, ba quan dilm kiln tnic ciia BIT dupe kit hpp nhu mpt tdng thi thdng qua su lien kit ca ban frong ACF va tuong tae ho frp ldn nhau Bang edeh chpn ngdn ngii md hinh hda phii hpp vd cac yeu td rad hinh hda lidn quan den anh xa, cac kidn tnic BIT dupe edu hinh theo cdch tilp can ket hpp Business Processes vdi SOA de giu sy lidn ket giiia nghidp vu vd edng nghe thdng tin

Cudi eiing, SOA dupe chiing tdi de xuat frong

TOGAF vdi vide bd sung rapt trye tich hpp djch vu (ESB) d thiet ke EA nhdm tao su gan kit chat che giiia ba thanh phdn, gdm: Business-Service frong B, Data-Entity frong I vd Platform-Service frong T, gpi Id BIT-SOA Cu the eiia kidn tnic nay se duoc trinh bay frong phdn kit qua nghien ciiu

3 Phinmg phap nghien cihi

Nghien cuu ndy, chimg tdi sit dung cac phucmg phap phat trien EA frong cdc ITnh vuc khac theo each tilp can quy nap (Bui, Q N, 2017) Theo dd, chung tdi da sir dung rad hinh tham chidu vd phuong phap ludn cua cac kidn tnic TOGAF va SOA kdt hpp vdi

phuang phap AGILE de phat tridn he thdng Ngoai

ra, de dam bao tinh diing dan frong qud frinh phdt triln hpc thudt, chiing tdi sii dyng phuang phdp

nghidn ciiu "Khoa hge thiit ki^ - Design Science

Research Method (DSRM) dupe Hanver trinh bdy vdo nam 2004 vd dupe Ken Peffers ciing cpng sy

^ ^ c l

H# thoHB th6ng tin (IS) vi

idAl tnic t^ni! thg (EA)

TOGAF & ADM /~ SOA, AGILE, BIT f

1 Sur dung SOA vi TOGAF duwc d l x u ^ xdy dyng ki^n trOc t6ng th6 ciia cac trircrng d^i hgc sir ph^m

• MA hinh SOA \ii he HOng \ti6r.E tin H5ngth^ ciia dcUuimg OHSP H

1 H !

•afdi muc cac he thong thdng tin (IS) djnh hu^ng cho cic tru«nc BHSP

Casestudy Mc djnh KPI cCia giing vlSn

Ngudn: tdc gid di xudt

f chinh vdo nam 2007 dd thidt kd md hinh, quy frinh ap dyng kiln tnic SOA frong TOGAF Tinh hudng dupe dp dung tiong qud trinh xdy dung EA

mdt trudng dgi hpc Su phgm DSRM dupe de 'sit dung frong ede nghidn cim vd he thdng thdng tin, khoa hpc gido dye va phat trien chuyen gia (Ken H e^ng su, 2007) dupe thuc hidn vdi 4 bude, gdm: " Xdc djnh vdn de va phan tich yeu cdu he thdng; 2) nghidn eiiu ddnh gid cde gidi phdp cdng nghd; 3) ^ ^ ^ t i i e n va thiet ke cac giai phap; 4) ddnh gid Vdi ^ ^ ^ ^ H c d n nay, ehung tdi thuc hidn nhu sau: ' i) • Xdc dinh vdn de SOA phu hpp frong kidn

tnic TOGAF Van de nay, chung tdi da tiinh bay frong phdn eo sd Iy lugn Dd cd mdt biic tranh tdng the vd quy trinh nghiep vy, hp thdng thdng tin trong cde trudng dgi hpe, ehimg tdi da su dung kit qud nghidn cira cua Sanchez & Joan (2017) ve md hinh thara ehilu he thdng thdng tin tiong cdc tnrdng dgi hpc Chiing tdi phan Idp cac kien tnic dd phu hpp bdi ednh, raue tidu va ddc diera ky thugt ciia 08 trudng dgi hpc Su pham d Vipt Nara (Nguyin Duy Hdi & Ld Van Nara, 2019) Tgi budc nay, chiing tdi cung xem xdt cdc yen cau vd ddra bdo ehat Iupng giao due dai hpe d Vipt Nam (Bp Giao dye vd Ddo tgo, 2017) ii) Ddnh gid cac giai phdp vd lya chpn chidn lypc tiiilt kl Nhu da gidi thipu d phdn ddu, chung

tdi chpn each tilp cgn quy ngp fren thyc tidn cdc nghidn ciiu trude dd Tu kdt qud phdn tich d budc 1, chiing tdi da de xuat danh myc he thdng thdng tin tiong cac trudng dai hpc Su pham (xem danh rayc tai ddy https://bit.Iy/2Eg2Dsa)

iii) Thiet ke cac giai phap va phat tridn h§ thdng Chimg tdi da tgo ra kien tnic SOA bang cdch kdt hpp cdc thanh phdn ciia BIT frong ADM vd dupe th^rc hidn lap lai theo quy trinh phat trien phdn mdm AGILE

Iv) Ddnh gia, chimg tdi thye hidn rapt du an thii nghipm (Pilot project) vai bdi todn xac djnh KPI ciia gidng vidn frong mdt ttudng dgi hpc su pham cy thd Md hinh nghidn euu dupe cu the hda d trong hinh 4 4 Ket qud vd thao lugn

4.1 Information Systems Architecture (I) dirfc xudt cho cdc trir&ng dgi hgc sir phgm

Nghien ciiu ndy dupe thyc hien frdn ca sd nhung

nghidn cuu tt^dc dd ciia tac gid vd kiin trdc hi thdng thdng tin tdng thi (thanh phdn I trong phdn

CO sd Ii tiiuyet) frong cdc tiirdng dgi hpc Su pham d Viet Nam (tiinh bdy tiong hinh 5) Cdc hp thdng nay dupe td chiie vd cau tnic theo cdc nguydn tdc thidt kl

kiln ti^c dupe dd cgp frong cdc phdn tnjoc Db giai

thieh thdra vd md hinh, chiing tdi bd sung phdn Phy

TnrdrnedyJhecSirphun

Ngudn: Nguyin Duy Hdi vd Li Vdn Ndm (2019)

Iuc I (https://bit.ly/2Eg2Dsa) dl giai tiiich vl vai frd chinh bao gdm: ciia cac he thdng thdng tin, iing dyng ciing nhu cac

rdng bu0c va ca chi frao ddi thdng tin giiia cac he thdng vdi nhau Ngodi ra, chiing tdi ciing xac djnh gioi hgn ede chiic nang trong moi h$ thdng thdng tin theo ngii canh cua tung trudng

Vdi rad hinh nay thi (I) dupe chia ra thdnh 8 nhdra

(1) Cdc he thdng cung cap thdng tin; (2) Cac he thdng qudn trj vd didu hanh; (3) Cdc he thdng qudn Iy day vd hpc; (4) Cac he thdng qudn ly nghien ciiu; (5) Cdc he thdng hd tip ngudi hpc va tai nguyen

d" NGUcn DUNG ( l i n h dao, Gianf viin, Sinh viin )

PHAN M I M LOI H \j^J7 Plafomi-Servic«(T) H i thSnf Ichac

Djch vy loi [xac thyc, phan quyen,

(6) Cae he tiidng dam bao chdt lupng gido dye; (7) Cac hp thdng qudn ly hop tdc - ddi ngogi; (8) Cdc hp tiidng ha tdng cdng nghd, ndn tdng vd trao ddi du lieu

De trien khai frong thyc te, chung tdi dua ra md hinh he thdng nhu frong hinh 6 Theo dd, he thdng phdn mdm loi dupe xdy dyng lam true xuong sdng de tich hop ede he thdng khde Phan mim loi ndy dupe phat trien fren co sd phdn mem qudn Iy can bp,

bd sung them cae dich vu de tich hpp he thdng thdng

tin khac theo edu tnic nhat djnh

4.2 Pilot Project: Bo lu&ng KPIs (hi^u qud ldm vi^c) cua gidng viin

Bdi toan nay dupe xdy dung tien co sd quy djnh ehd dp ldm vide eiia gidng vidn cde trudng dgi hpc cdng lgp eua Bd Giao dye vd Ddo tao (2014) Dy an dupe nghien ciiu vd tridn khai thyc tidn tgi trudng Dai hpc Su phgra Hd Npi cd quy md 780 gidng vidn thupc pham vi didu chinh cua Thdng tu 47 Theo dd, chd dp lam viec cua gidng vien bao gdm: nhipra vu giang dgy, nhidm vy nghien ciiu khoa hpc va cac nhidm vy khde Cdc nhipm vy nay dupe gidng vidn

thuc hidn tiong mdt nam hpe vd dupe quy ddi thanh "Gid chuan" Cu the: gidng vien phai thuc hien 270 gid chudn nhi^m vy gidng day, 150 gid chuan nhipra vy nghien ciiu khoa hpc, va 20 gid chudn nhiera vy khac Can cii tien ket qud thuc hidn nhidm vu da dupe quy ddi thdnh gid chuan, nhd trudng se tien hanh danh gid hieu qua ldm vide ciia cac gidng vidn, ldm can cii danh gid can bp, ehi tid luang va thu nhgp tang thdra

Bai todn tidn, dupe xdc dinh la rapt frong nhfing bai toan qudn ly tdng thd ciia nha trudng, cd lien quan den cac he thong: He thdng ddo tgo d l xdc djnh khdi lupng gidng day ciia gidng vien; He thdng qudn ly khoa hpe de xac djnh khdi Iupng nhipm vy nghidn ciiu khoa hpc cua gidng vidn; He thdng quan Iy cdng vide de xdc djnh cac nhidm vy khac cua gidng vien tgi cac don vj; He thdng qudn Iy cdn bp dd xac dinh cae djnh miic, che dp, midn gidm, hgng bgc gid lao dpng eua gidng vidn vd He tiidng quan Iy tai chinh dd thuc hipn ehi fra tidn luong, phy cdp vd vupt gid theo hgng, bdc cua gidng vidn Da phdn cdc he tii6ng fren Id nhirng hp thdng da dupe xay d\mg, dang boat ddng dpc lap dd tiiuc hipn cdc quy ttinh nghipp vy qudn Iy khde nhau cua nha tiTrong Vi vgy, d l do

So 278 thdng 8/2020 KiillrJ>hattrifi

DO'tifu Tham c h i u ve NCKH VI I f p chi D&Btu lli nguxn dung

Ngudn: Tdc gid di xudt

ludng KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) ciia cac gidng vidn tin hp thdng can dupe thiet ke kit ndi vdi cdc he thdng dang cd va thyc hipn quy ddi khdi lupng gid chudn eua gidng vien Kiln tnic he thdng dupe thilt kd nhu Hinh 7

Quy trinh nghidp vy cua hp thdng dupe thuc hidn nhu sau: Ddu nam hpc, ede phdng ban chiic nang kdt hpp vdi khoa dao tgo ldp kd hoach khdi Iupng cdng vipc giang day (cita tat ca cdc hd) timg gidng vidn (khdu trir midn gidra) fren he tiidng Cac ca nhan dang ky nhiem vy nghidn cira khoa hpc va nhidm vy khae frong mdi mdt hpc ky va cd nara hpc frdn he thdng Kit tiiiic nam hpc, he thdng se kit ndi thdng tin din cac h | tiidng: quan ly nhan su, quan

Iy dao tao, qudn Iy khoa hpc, quan ly cdng viBc de

thyc hipn tdng hpp, quy ddi va chudn hda dii lieu Cac don vj chiic nang cd trach nhipm theo ddi, ddi sodt va xac nhgn khoi lupng cdng vipc cua giang vien tiiuOc radng nghidp vy qudn ly Ban chii nhipm cdc khoa cd frach nhipm xdc nhgn khdi lupng cdng vi^c nhipm vy khde ciia giang vien Hp thdng se tinh toan, ddi chidu vd quy ddi gid chudn frong rapt nam hpc ciia gidng vien Tren eo sd dd se xdc dinh gid phu frOi, xip logi lao d^ng vd kinh phi thu nhdp tang

them cua mdi gidng vidn Quy trinh xu Iy nghipp vu dupe minh hpa frong Hinh 8

Cde md td cy thd vd Business-Service trong kidn tnic nghipp vy (B), Data-entity frong kiln tnie hp thdng thdng tin (I) vd Flatform-Service frong kien triic cdng nghd (T) dupe rad td d Phy Iuc II (xem chi tilt tai ddy https://bit.Iy/2PraWiBj)

4.3 Thdo lugn kit qud nghiin ciru

Vai each tiep can nay, chiing tdi da thyc hipn

thdnh cdng du dn do ludng KPI cua gidng vidn trudng Dgi hpc Su pham Hd Npi, he thdng da dupe van hanh tti nam hpc 2017-2018 din nay, kit qua dupe minh hpa d binh 9 (vd hp thdng dupe van hdnh chinh tinic tai dja ehi http://qlnt.hnue.edu.vn) Theo do, mdi can bd, giang vidn frong nha trudng dupe cung cap rapt tdi khodn dd su dung hp thdng, cac dan vi chiic nang thue hidn quy trinh quan ly theo nghipp vy de xac nh§n khdi Iupng cdng vipc ciia giang vidn Kdt qua, hp thdng qudn Iy cde thdng tin bao gdm: gid ehudn theo ke hogch, gid chudn da thyc hipn, gtd chudn vupt gid, danh gid, kinh phi phy frpi vd xep logi vidn chiie frong nam hpc Tir dd, nha trudng da ban hanh quy chd vd che dp lam vipc eua gidng vien

kinbteihattrifi