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chuyên đề hệ thống truyền lực khoa công nghệ ô tô trường đại học công nghiệp hà nội tính toán hộp số cơ khí 5 tiến 1 lùi xe toyota vios 2021 1.1. Reasons for choosing the topic In Group 1, we chose the research topic on mechanical gearboxes for the following purposes: In order to apply knowledge about the structure, the principle of movement of mechanical gearboxes to apply and calculate and analyze. Present the principle of operation, structure, details and assemblies of mechanical gearboxes. In order to analyze, evaluate and compare the development trend of mechanical gearboxes compared to automatic or stepless automatic transmissions. With the strong development of informatics in the leading role, automation has penetrated deeply into manufacturing industries and their products, one of which is automobiles, not only making users feel comfortable, close to their cars, Show the style of the person who owns them. But automation also improves the safety factor in use. This is why automatic systems are always equipped for highend cars and gradually applied to popular vehicles. Therefore, with the chosen topic of research, survey of mechanical gearboxes, we hope that this topic will better consolidate the knowledge that has been passed on so that when we graduate, we can participate in Vietnams automobile industry, contributing to the overall development of the industry. The content of the big exercise consists of 3 parts: PART 1: PROLOGUE PART 2: RESEARCH RESULTS PART 3: CONCLUSIONS AND LESSONS LEARNED. The content of the big exercise was completed under the guidance of Mr. Bui Van Hai, Faculty of Automotive Technology, Hanoi University of Industry 1.2. Objectives of the project Surveying mechanical gearboxes helps us equip more about the structure and working principle of a specific mechanical gearbox in terms of gear ratio creation mechanism. In addition, the topic also helps us see the repair inspection process of vehicles equipped with mechanical transmissions, from how to receive complaints from users to the vehicle testing process to identify the area where the failure occurs and parts that may occur. This helps us not only understand the features and principles of a mechanical transmission but also help us repair it and pay appropriate attention when using vehicles equipped with mechanical transmissions.
TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES IMAGE BIBLIOGRAPHY TABLE OF CONTENTS .7 LIST OF TABLES .10 IMAGE BIBLIOGRAPHY 11 PART BEGIN 12 1.1 Reasons for choosing the topic 12 1.2 Objectives of the project 12 PART RESEARCH RESULTS 14 2.1 Overview of mechanical gearboxes 14 2.1.1 The history of the development of mechanical gearboxes in cars: 14 2.1.1.1 Basic changes of mechanical gearbox: 14 2.1.1.2 The development of mechanical gearboxes and its role in the powertrain: 15 2.1.1.3 Development stages of mechanical gearboxes: 16 2.1.1.4 Common types of mechanical transmissions in cars: 17 2.1.1.5 The development of components and mechanisms in mechanical gearboxes: 18 2.1.2 Basic elements of a mechanical transmission in a car: 20 2.1.2.1 Principle of operation of mechanical gearbox: 20 2.1.2.2 Main and auxiliary functions of mechanical gearboxes: 21 2.1.2.3 The relationship between revolutions, gear ratio and torque in mechanical gearboxes: .22 2.1.2.4 Impact of mechanical transmission on driving mode and vehicle performance: 23 2.1.2.5 Advantages and limitations of mechanical gearboxes: 24 2.1.3 New features and technologies in mechanical gearboxes: 25 2.1.3.1 Clutch systems and actuators in mechanical gearboxes: 25 2.1.3.2 Mechanical gearbox and performance enhancing technology: 25 2.1.3.3 Automatic and semi-automatic gear shift systems: 26 2.1.3.4 Advanced technologies in mechanical gearboxes: .27 2.1.4 Developments and trends in mechanical transmissions in cars: 27 2.1.4.1 Improved performance and fuel efficiency in mechanical gearboxes: 27 2.1.4.2 Integration of intelligent and connected technologies in mechanical gearboxes: 28 2.1.4.3 Direction of mechanical gearbox technology in the future: 29 2.2 Force to choose the design plan and design the calculation of the gearbox 29 2.2.1 Selection of design plan 29 2.2.2 Gearbox calculation design 31 2.2.2.1 Calculation of the gear ratio 31 2.2.2.2 Determine the No hand transmission ratio .32 2.2.2.3 Calculation of the basic parameters of gears 33 2.3 Gearbox wheel durability 38 2.3.1 Payload mode .38 2.3.1.1 Gear durability .39 2.3.2 Calculation of the gearbox shaft 41 2.3.2.1 Choosing shaft material .41 2.3.2.2 Preliminary calculation of gearbox shaft dimensions 41 2.3.2.3 Axial strength 41 2.3.3 Rolling bearing calculation 47 2.4 Durability of the No gear pair on the Inventor 49 2.5 Check maintenance and repair of gearbox .55 2.5.1 Repair inspection 55 2.5.1.1 Check the gearbox housing 55 2.5.1.2 Check the tooth surface of the gears 55 2.5.1.3 Inspection of bearings 55 2.5.1.4 Check the accelerator mechanism 55 2.5.1.5 Check the gear lever 55 2.5.1.6 Check the lever fork 56 2.5.1.7 Check the positioning mechanism and the two-digit anti-mounting mechanism 56 2.5.2 Attention when disassembling 56 2.5.2.1 Attention when removing 56 2.5.2.2 Attention when mounting 56 PART CONCLUSIONS AND LESSONS LEARNED 57 3.1 Knowledge 59 3.2 Skills 59 3.3 Attitude .59 3.4 Lessons learned 60 BIBLIOGRAPHY 61 BIBLIOGRAPHY 62 LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Working states of gearbox 30 Table 2.2: Calculation data table 31 Table 2.3: Number of teeth of active and passive gears 34 Table 2.4: Correct gear ratios in gear handles 35 Table 2.5: Precision shaft spacing at gear arms 35 Table 2.6: Table of coefficient of adjustment of each pair of gears .37 Table 2.7: Basic dimensions of forward gears .37 Table 2.8: Basic dimensions of reverse gears 38 Table 2.9: Force acting on gears 39 Table 2.10: Bending stress value at each gear 40 Table 2.11: Contact stress values at each pair of gears 41 Table 2.12: Distance of force setpoints (N) 43 Table 2.13: Jets at support pillows (N) 44 Table 2.14: Moment at force setpoints (Nmm) 45 Table 2.15: Equivalent torque at force setpoints (Nmm) and diameter selection calculation d (mm) 46 Table 2.16: Glass guide load (N) 48 Table 2.17: Rtd equivalent force (N) and calculated dynamic load capacity C (kN) .49 IMAGE BIBLIOGRAPHY Figure 2.1: Diagram of a 5-speed gearbox .20 Figure 2.2: Number hand .21 Figure 2.3: Diagram of a 5-speed 2-axis gearbox 30 Figure 2.4: General force laying diagram for number hands from to .42 Figure 2.5: General force laying diagram for hand .42 Figure 2.6: Axis torque chart 1(left), axis 2(right) hands to .44 Figure 2.7: Axis torque diagram 1(left), axis 2(right) hand No 45 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF IMAGES PART INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reason for choosing topic 1.2 Objectives of implementing topic PART RESEARCH RESULTS 2.1 Overview of mechanical gearboxes 2.1.1 History of development of mechanical transmissions in cars: 2.1.1.1 Basic changes of mechanical gearbox: 2.1.1.2 The development of the mechanical gearbox and its role in the power transmission system: 10 2.1.1.3 Stages of development of mechanical gearboxes: 11 2.1.1.4 Common types of mechanical transmissions in cars: 12 2.1.1.5 Development of components and mechanisms in mechanical gearboxes: 13 2.1.2 Basic elements of mechanical transmissions on cars: 15 2.1.2.1 Operating principle of mechanical gearbox: 15 2.1.2.2 Main and auxiliary functions of mechanical gearbox: 16 2.1.2.3 Relationship between number of revolutions, gear ratio and torque in mechanical gearbox: 18 2.1.2.4 Impact of mechanical transmission on driving mode and vehicle performance: 18 2.1.2.5 Advantages and limitations of mechanical gearboxes: 19 2.1.3 New features and technologies in mechanical gearboxes: 20 2.1.3.1 Clutch and transmission systems in mechanical transmissions: 20 2.1.3.2 Mechanical transmission and performance enhancing technology: 21 2.1.3.3 Automatic and semi-automatic transmission systems: 21 2.1.3.4 Advanced technologies in mechanical gearboxes: 22 2.1.4 Developments and trends in mechanical transmissions in cars: 23 2.1.4.1 Improved performance and fuel efficiency in mechanical transmissions: 23 2.1.4.2 Integrating smart and connected technologies in mechanical gearboxes: 23 2.1.4.3 Future direction of mechanical gearbox technology: 24 2.2 Force for selecting design options and designing and calculating gearbox 25 2.2.1 Select design option 25 2.2.2 Design and calculation of gearbox 26 2.2.2.1 Calculate gear ratio 27 2.2.2.2 Determine the 1st gear ratio 27 2.2.2.3 Calculate basic parameters of gear 29 2.3 Durability of gear box 34 2.3.1 Load mode 34 2.3.1.1 Gear durability 35 2.3.2 Calculate gearbox shaft 37 2.3.2.1 Select shaft material 37 2.3.2.2 Preliminary calculation of gearbox shaft size 37 2.3.2.3 Axial durability 37 2.3.3 Bearing calculation 43 2.4 Check the durability of the number gear pair on the Inventor 45 2.5 Check, maintain and repair gearbox 51 2.5.1 Check and repair 51 2.5.1.1 Check box number 51 2.5.1.2 Check the tooth surface of gear 51 2.5.1.3 Check bearings 51 2.5.1.4 Check the synchronizer mechanism 51 2.5.1.5 Check gear lever 51 2.5.1.6 Check the lever 52 2.5.1.7 Check the positioning mechanism and the two-digit anti-engagement mechanism 52 2.5.2 Pay attention when disassembling 52 2.5.2.1 Pay attention when removing 52 2.5.2.2 Pay attention when installing 52 PART CONCLUSION AND LESSONS LEARNED 53 3.1 Knowledge 55 3.2 Skill 55 3.3 Attitude 55 3.4 Lessons learned 55 REFERENCES 56 LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Working states of gearbox 26 Table 2.2 Calculation Data Sheet 26 Table 2.3 Number of teeth of active, passive gears 30 Table 2.4 Precision gear ratios in gear hands 30 Table 2.5 Precision shaft spacing at the number arms 31 Table 2.6 Table of translation coefficients for each pair of gears 33 Table 2.7 Basic dimensions of forward gears 33 Table 2.8 Basic dimensions of reverse gears 34 Table 2.9 Force acting on gears 35 Table 2.10 Bending stress values at each gear 35 Table 2.11: Contact stress values at each pair of gears 37 Table 2.12 Force setpoint distances (N) 39 Table 2.13 Jets at Pillows (N) 40 Table 2.14 Moment at force setpoints (Nmm) 41 Table 2.15 Equivalent torque at force setpoints (Nmm) and diameter selection calculation d(mm) 42 Table 2.16 Glass Guide Load (N) 44 Table 2.17 Rtd equivalent force (N) and calculated dynamic load capacity C (kN) 45 10