UNIT7 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION A VOCABULARY Part N of Pronuncia Word Meaning o spee tion ch Blast n /bla:st/ Vụ nổ Carbon /,ka:b9n n Khí đi-ơ-xít các-bon dioxide doksaid/ Dấu chân các-bon (tổng lượng khí nhà kính (trong chủ Carbon /,ka:b9n yếu khí đi-ơ-xít n, phr footprint 'íutpnnt/ các-bon) thải vào khí hoạt động cụ thể người) Conservation n /.konss^eipn/ Sự bảo tồn Consumption n /kan'sAmpJn/ Sự tiêu thụ Coral n /'koral/ San hô Dugong n / du:gog/ Cá cúi, bò biển Ecosystem n /'i:kaơsistam/ Hệ sinh thái Endangered /in'deind39d Những lồi có nguy n, phr species 'spi:Jì:z/ có bị tuyệt chủng Environment / 10 adj Thuộc môi trường al invamiVmentl/ 11 Extinction n /ik'stir)kfn/ Sự tuyệt chủng 12 Face V /feis/ Đối mặt 13 Habitat n /' híebitíet/ Mơi trường sống 14 Litter n, V /'litsr/ Rác, xả rác 15 Marine adj /ma'ri:n/ Thuộc hàng hải Dùng làm thuốc chữa 16 Medicinal adj /m9'disinl/ bệnh 17 Mission n /'mijh/ Sứ mệnh, nhiệm vụ 18 Oxygen n /'Dksidjan/ Khí ơ-xi 19 Participate V /pa:r'tisipeit/ Tham gia Sự cho phép, cho 20 Permit n, V /par'mit/ phép 21 Product n /'prodAkt/ Sản phẩm 22 Protect V /pra'tekt/ Bảo vệ 23 Release V /rili:s/ Giải phóng, thải N o Word Part of spee ch Pronuncia tion Renewable /n'nju:abl n, phr source so:rs/ 25 Resident n /rezidant/ 26 Saola n /'saula/ 27 Single-use adj /.siợgl 'ju:s/ 28 Slippery adj /'slipari/ 29 Species n /'spi:Jì:z/ 30 Substance n /'sAbstans/ 31 Tornado n /toưneidau/ 32 Toxic adj /'toksik/ 33 Wildlife n /'waildlaif/ B PRONUNCIATION Phụ âm đôi bl (blank) /bl/ Phụ âm đôi cl (cloud) /kl/ 24 Meaning Nguồn tái tạo Người dân Kỳ lân châu Á Để sử dụng lần Trơn Giống, loài Chất Lốc xoáy Độc hại Động vật hoang dã c GRAMMAR Complex sentences with adverb clauses of time (Câu phức chứa mệnh đê trạng ngữ thời gian) Câu phức bao gồm mệnh đề độc lập (mệnh đề chính) mệnh đề phụ thuộc: - Mệnh đề trạng ngữ mệnh đề phụ thuộc - Mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian diễn tả thời điểm xảy việc thường chứa liên từ nối thời gian đứng trước như: when (khi, vào lúc), while, as (trong khi), until / till (cho đến khi), as soon as, once (ngay khi), betore, by the time (trước khi), atter (sau khi), as long as, so long as (chừng nào, miễn là), since (từ khi) Example: I won't leave until myfriend arrives - Hai vế mệnh đề hốn đổi vị trí cho Mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian đứng đầu cuối câu Nếu mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian đứng đầu câu ngăn cách với mệnh đề dấu phẩy - Khi chia động từ, cần lưu ý mối liên hệ thời vế mệnh đề Thông thường vế chia thời gian: khứ - khứ; - tại; - tương lai D PRACTICE PART I PHONETICS Exercise Eind the word which has a different sound in the underlined part A reduce B release c forest D process A cutting B rubbish c harmíul D substance A rịsk B wịld c habịtat D pịck A lock B stop c novel D come 5.A save B preparation c became D signature Exercise Eind the word which has a different stress from the others A pollution B protection c interest D announcement A destroy B contain c detail D reduce A effective B habitat c animal D national A wildlife B before c habit D notice A diverse B unsaíe c marine D harmíul PART VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR I VOCABULARY Exercise Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks plastic 3Rs single-use coal bushíire rubbish Products water oil soil pollution endangered campfire pollution species 10 Exercise Circle the odd one out A íossil B oil c coal D gas A reuse B reduce c recycle D environment A motorbike B transport c bus D bicycles A air B land c water D habitat A garbage B trash c release D litter A conserve B destroy c save D protect A river B.ocean c forest D.pond A harmíul B endangered c safe D.concern A under B before c until D when c resource D nature 10 A ecosystem B.dangerous Exercise Reorder the letters to make correct words, then match them with their meanings A B C-B-A-R-O-N E-T-T-O-O- A the protection of plants and animals, N-l-R-P natural areas, interesting and important _ structures and buildings, especially from the damaging eííects of human activity O-T-O-P-L-l-L-N-U B to stay away from someone or _ something O-B-C-A-R-N D-X-E-l-O-l- c all the living things in an area and the D way they affect each other and the _ environment A-O-O-R-E-S-C-V-N-N-l-T D used to refer to plants or animals that independently of people, in natural live or grow _ conditions E-T-E-O-M-S-Y-S-C E a measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide_that_a _ person's_activities produce S-R-VV-A-E-N-S-E-A _ S-l-P-S-E-C-E _ L-D-VV-I _ T-l-A-H-A-B-T _ 10 I-V-D-A-O _ F the natural environment in which an animal lives or plant usually G a distinct group of animals or plants that characteristics have common and can breed with each other H damage caused to water, air, etc by harmíul waste substances or to know that something exists, or having knowledge experience or of a particular thing J the gas íormed when carbon is burned, or when breathe people or animals out Your answer: 10 Exercise Complete the sentences with the words in the box íootprint habitats substances effect endangered wildlife dioxide marine reduce diverse We should _the consumption of single-use Products such as plastic bottles and bags The dugong is a(n) animal The _animals are dying because of trash dumped into the ocean Air pollution has a harmíul _on our life The ecosystem in Con Dao National Park is very with thousands of species Do trees help absorb carbon _? Walking and cycling are effective ways to reduce our carbon Some toxic from íactories are usually released into rivers A national park is a special area íorthe protection of the environment and _ 10. _ of animals are damaged by human activities 11 GRAMMAR Exercise Decide whether the following sentence is a Simple sentence (SS), a Compound sentence (C) or a Complex sentence (CS) You should wait here until she comes back Protecting the environment must be the job of everyone in the community The contamination of lakes, rivers, oceans or underwater causes water pollution Water pollution has negative effects on the environment and humans, so it's a matter of concern nowadays Many species of wiIdIife are becoming extinct lf the íactory continues dumping poison into the lake, all the fish and other aquatic animals will die Villagers called the íorest guard unit as soon as they saw the bushfire The polluted water results in the death of many aquatic animals and plants I had dinner, and I did my homework yesterday 10. _There are national parks all over the world Exercise Write IC if the underlined clause is an independent clause or DC if it is a dependent clause What were you doing when I phoned? You should brush your teeth after you have a meal As soon as I arrive, I will send you a message Before I came home, I had bought some food You shouldn't go out until it stops raining After Jane has done the housework, she will go out Linh is cooking while we are watching TV When there is a red light, we must stop I used to go tishing on Sundays when I was ten 10.The light went out while we were having dinner Exercise Fill in the blank with a suitable time connector until x2 as soon as x2 while x2 beíore after when x2 I got home, I prepared dinner They won't leave _they meet the manager We wi11 travel to Da Nang we have finished the project My dad was playing chess my mother was knitting Make sure you turn off the tap you brush your teeth I leave Viet Nam for Canada, I will visit my relatives he was a chiId, he used to play badminton every Saturday They called the police the accident happened Can you help me clean the floor I am washing the dishes? 10.The baby won't sleep her mother comes back home Exercise Match the clauses in the two columns to form complex sentences and write fulI sentences A B When he came to my house, A beíore she goes home After had had dinner, B the electricity went out 3.1 will call you c they were walking downtown While we were watching TV, D was not at home She wiII pick her children up E when they work in the field We will play golf F as soon as arrive at the airport G usually listen to music You have to show your ticket Earmers usually wear conical hats When l'm sad, H went to the cinema 10 As they found the watch, J until it gets dark when you get on the train Answer: 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10. Exercise Put the conjunction in brackets into its correct position A serious road accident happened We were vvaiting for the bus yesterday (while) 2.1had to get the mop spilled my juice (since) He felI down the ladder His leg was broken (and) We had picked up trash We left the campsite (betore) It started raining They were putting up the tent (when) 6.1get my parents' permission I will go out with my íriends (after) The weather was bad We were on holiday last month (when) 8.1will call my mom I get the result (as soon as) It rains My father usually drives me to school (when) 10.Jack can't play games He finishes his homework (beíore) Exercise Choose the correct answers The train arrived while/as soon as Elie was having lunch Because/Although the water is very cold in January, they go swimming anyway My father goes jogging every morning before/after he gets ready for work 4.1 learned a lot about wildlife until/after I visited Cue Phuong National Park yesterday You should wait here when /until your parents come back After/Before the party, there was a lot of food left My sister was sleeping when/while I was studying for the test last night As soon as/While I left home for school, It rained heavily 9.1 usually drink a glass of warm milk until/before I go to bed 10 Who takes care of the baby when/after your mother is away? Exercise Eill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in brackets The air and water quality (get)_worse and worse We can even (reduce) our carbon íootprint in our homes Try to avoid (use) single-use Products People can volunteer at some local environment programmes (save) endangered species Should we (recycle) _unused Products? Forests help (release) oxygen 7.1 _ (not be) at school yesterday because I (have) the fIu As soon as my parents arrive home, we (have) dinner Don't íorget (turn) off the lights beíore you (go) _out 10.More than billion people (participate) in Earth Day activities every year Exercise Complete sentences with a suitable preposition The f i rst Earth Day started 1970 America Picking _litter makes our environment clean National parks play a key role saving the environment What type of effect does water pollution have our Iife? Forests provide a habitat hundreds of species plants and animals Endangered animals in the wild are íacing a high risk extinction Aíter cleaning_everything _the campsite, we left We shouldn't cut too many trees Avoid dumping waste lakes and rivers! 10.Remember to turn devices when you are not using them Exercise Choose the correct answers Land pollution is responsible for damage done natural habitat of animals A with B for c.to D of Americans throw _twenty-eight and a half million tons of plastic in landíills every year A in B at c.to D away Scientists have come up new ways of saving energy A with B on c to D out Thousands of people were exposed radiation when the nuclear plant exploded A in B at c to D away Waste water from many íactories which is dumped water bodies directly causes water pollution A on B into c out D by _fumes from these vehicles are serious air pollutants A Poisonously B Poison c Poisonous D Poisons 10