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Từ đồng nghĩa và từ trái nghĩa trong tiếng Anh rất đa dạng. Việc luyện tập thường xuyên giúp bạn ghi nhớ từ vựng mới cũng như mở rộng thêm vốn từ của bạn. Tài liệu này là bài tập thứ 2 về từ đồng nghĩa, nó bao gồm bài tập, cách phát âm, nghĩa của từ. Đây là tài liệu hữu ích cho các bạn đang ôn tập kiểm tra, ôn thi, hoặc làm thêm bài tập để tăng vốn từ và ngữ pháp.
I Vocabulary STT Từ vựng adhere regulation Từ loại v Phiên âm Nghĩa / ədˈhɪər / dính chặt vào n /ˌreɡjʊˈleɪʃən/ quy tắc, điều lệ violate v /ˈvaɪəleɪt/ vi phạm, làm điều bạo lực disregard v /dɪsrɪˈɡɑːd/ không để ý đến culinary a /'ˈkʌlɪnəri/ liên quan đến việc nấu nướng feast n /fi:st/ bữa tiệc, yến tiệc mouth-watering a /ˈmaʊθ wɔːtərɪŋ thèm chảy nước miếng hygienic a /haɪˈdʒiːnɪk/ hợp vệ sinh nutrition n /njuːˈtrɪʃən/ dinh dưỡng 10 permanently temporarily /ˈpɜːmənəntli/ /ˈtemprərəli/ vĩnh cửu, vĩnh viễn tạm thời 11 election n /ɪˈlekʃən/ bầu cử 12 democratic a /ˌdeməˈkrætɪk/ dân chủ 13 democracy n /dɪˈmɒkrəsi/ Dân chủ, chế độ Dân chủ 14 transfer v /ˈtrænsfɜːr/ chuyển giao 15 percentage percent n n /pəˈsentɪdʒ/ /pəˈsent/ tỷ lệ phần trăm phần trăm (%) 16 minuscule a /ˈmɪnəskjuːl/ nhỏ 17 considerable considerate consider consideration a a v n /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/ /kənˈsɪdərət/ /kənˈsɪdər/ /kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən/ đáng kể ân cần, chu đáo xem xét cân nhắc, suy xét 18 extraordinary a /ɪkˈstrɔːdn̩ri/ khác thường, đặc biệt 19 erratic a /ɪˈrætɪk/ thất thường 20 disastrous disaster a n /dɪˈzɑːstrəs/ /dɪˈzɑːstər/ thảm khốc thảm họa 21 explosive explode explosion a/n /ɪkˈspləʊsɪv/ /ɪkˈspləʊd/ /ɪkˈspləʊʒən/ dễ nổ, thuốc nổ nổ, nổ tung nổ 22 immigrant migrant n n /ˈɪmɪɡrənt / /ˈmaɪɡrənt/ dân nhập cư dân di cư 23 depreciate v /dɪˈpriːʃɪeɪt / làm sụt giá, giá 24 welfare n /ˈwelfeər/ phúc lợi 25 metaphysics n /ˌmetəˈfɪzɪks/ siêu hình, trừu tượng 26 27 expansion expand trigger n v v /ɪkˈspænʃən/ /ɪkˈspænd / /ˈtrɪɡər / mở rộng mở rộng bắt đầu, khởi 28 identify v /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ nhận biết, nhận diện 29 pessimist pessimism pessimistic n n a /ˈpesɪmɪst/ /ˈpesɪmɪzəm/ /ˌpesɪˈmɪstɪk/ người tiêu cực, bi quan chủ nghĩa tiêu cực, bi quan tiêu cực, bi quan adv adv 30 optimist optimism optimistic n n a /ˈɒptɪmɪst/ /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/ /ɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ người tích cực, lạc quan chủ nghĩa tích cực, lạc quan lạc quan, tích cực 31 hobbyist n / ˈhɒbiɪst/ người làm việc theo sở thích 32 feminist n /ˈfemɪnɪst/ người theo chủ nghĩa nam nữ bình quyền 33 excessive a /ɪkˈsesɪv/ nhiều, thừa 34 pesticide herbicide n n /ˈpestɪsaɪd/ /ˈhɜːbɪsaɪd/ thuốc trừ sâu thuốc diệt cỏ 35 detrimental a /ˌdetrɪˈmentəl / có hại, gây hại 36 fundamental a /ˌfʌndəˈmentəl/ bản, thuộc tảng 37 residential a /ˌrezɪˈdenʃəl/ thuộc nhà 38 envy /ˈenvi / ghen tị, đố kị 39 chromosome n /ˈkrəʊməsəʊm/ nhiễm sắc thể 40 division divide n v /dɪˈvɪʒən/ /dɪˈvaɪd/ phân chia phân chia 41 apathy n /ˈỉpəθi / tính lãnh đạm, thờ 42 resistance n /rɪˈzɪstəns / chống cự, kháng cự 43 opposition n / ɒpəˈzɪʃən / đối đầu, phản đối 44 upmarket a /ˌʌpˈmɑːkɪt / dành cho giới thượng lưu 45 satirical a /səˈtɪrɪkəl/ châm biếm, trào phúng 46 thought- provoking a / ˈθɔ:t prəˈvəʊkɪŋ/ suy nghĩ nhiều vấn đề 47 inspirational a /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn̩əl / đầy cảm hứng 48 cost-effective a / kɒst ɪˈfektɪv / có giá trị, có hiệu giá trị 49 weather-beaten a /ˈweðə biːtən/ bị hủy hoại thời tiết 50 distinction distinct distinctive n a a /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən / /dɪˈstɪŋkt / /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/ phân biệt phân biệt dễ nhận biết, dễ phân biệt 51 Explicit implicit a a /ɪkˈsplɪsɪt / /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ rõ ràng, dứt khoát ngấm ngầm 52 obscure v/a /əbˈskjʊər/ làm tối đi, làm mờ 53 adaptation adapt n v /ˌỉdỉpˈteɪʃən/ /əˈdỉpt/ thích nghi thích nghi 54 adjustment adjust n v /əˈdʒʌstmənt / /əˈdʒʌst / điều chỉnh, chỉnh lý điều chỉnh, chỉnh lý 55 inflexibility n /ɪnˌfleksəˈbɪlɪti/ tính cứng inflexible flexibility a n /iɪnˈfleksəbəl/ /fleksəˈbɪlɪti/ cứng, khơng dễ lay chuyển tính mềm, dẻo, dễ uốn 56 agility n /əˈdʒɪləti / nhanh nhẹn, lanh lẹ 57 miraculous miracle a n /mɪˈrỉkjʊləs/ /ˈmɪrəkəl/ kì diệu, phi thường phép màu 58 Polish Poland a n /ˈpɒlɪʃ / /ˈpəʊlənd / người Ba Lan, tiếng Ba Lan nước Ba Lan 59 interruptedly /.ɪntər'ʌptɪdlɪ/ gián đoạn, đứt quãng n/v adv II Structures STT Cấu trúc - Cụm từ Nghĩa be expected to st mong đợi làm relate to st có liên quan đến be proud of = take pride in tự hào Feel/be thankful for St biết ơn turn down = refuse = reject từ chối, khước từ a closed book to sb hồn tồn khơng biết give the secret away tiết lộ bí mật get at trách móc, lải nhải coincide with trùng khớp với 10 in terms of xét về, xét 11 with a view to doing St để làm 12 in regard to St có liên quan đến 13 cheer up vui lên, phấn chấn lên 14 get over = recover from vượt qua 15 protect sb/st from bảo vệ ai/cái khỏi 16 speed up tăng tốc, khẩn trương 17 slow down giảm tốc độ 18 bite the hand that feeds you ăn cháo đá bát 19 round the clock phục vụ ngày lẫn đêm, liên tục 20 be filled with = be full of = be crowded with đầy với 21 border on gần kề với, liền kề với, tới 22 catch up on cập nhật tin tức 23 catch sight of bắt gặp 24 go ahead with tiến hành 25 teach sb to st dạy làm III Practice exercise Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Question 1: Students are expected to always adhere to school regulations A question B violate C disregard D follow Question 2: When Susan invited us to dinner, she really showed off her c ulinary talents She prepared a feast - a huge selection of dishes that were simply mouth-watering A relating to medical knowledge B involving hygienic conditions and diseases C concerning nutrition and health D having to with food and cooking Question 3: Congo's presidential election is hoped to enable the country's first peaceful, democratic t ransfer of power since independence from Belgium in 1960 A transplant B removal C conversion D shifting Question 4: Although more and more companies are beginning to accept bitcoins, the percentage of purchases made using bitcoins is minuscule compared to other online payment methods, such as credit cards A considerable B small C minimal D increasing Question 5: You can use a microwave or cook this kind of food in a conventional oven A unique B modern C traditional D extraordinary Question 6: Although the tract of a tropical cyclone is very erratic, the Weather Service can still issue timely warnings to the public if a tropical cyclone is approaching densely populated areas A complicated B unpredictable C disastrous D explosive Question 7: Increasingly, too, schools were viewed as the most important means of integrating immigrants into American society A advantages B probability C method D qualifications Question 8: We really appreciate your help; without which we couldn't have got our task done in time A depreciate B are proud of C feel thankful for D request Question 9: As heart disease continues to be the number-one killer in the United States, researchers have become increasingly interested in identifying the potential risk factors that trigger heart attacks A possible B harmful C primary D unknown Question 10: Not until all their demands had been t urned down did the workers decide to go on strike for more welfare A rejected B sacked C reviewed D deleted Question 11: "It's no use talking to me about metaphysics It's a closed book to me." A a book that is never opened B an object that I really love C a subject that I don't understand D a theme that I like to discuss Question 12: We are having a surprise party for Susan next Saturday, so don't g ive the secret away by saying anything to her A ask anyone to come B tell her the secret C go to the party D find out the secret Question 13: Tim is thinking of leaving his present job because his manager is always getting at him A hitting B disturbing C defending D criticizing Question 14: The arrival of a great wave of southern and eastern European immigrants at the turn of the century coincided with and contributed to an enormous expansion of formal schooling A was influenced by B happened at the same time as C began to grow rapidly D ensured the success of Question 15: We should find ways to improve our products in terms of quality and service A for considering aspects B in spite of C with a view to D in regard to Mark the letter A, B, Ct or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Question 16: "Don't be such a p essimist I'm sure you'll soon get over it Cheer up!" A hobbyist B optimist C activist D feminist Question 17: It is widely known that the excessive use of pesticides is producing a d etrimental effect on the local groundwater A useless B harmless C damaging D fundamental Question 18: His dreamlike villa in the new residential quarter is the envy of his friends A something that everybody looks for B something that everybody dreams of C something that nobody wants D something that nobody can afford Question 19: Telomeres are the tiny caps on the ends of chromosomes that protect our DNA from damage during cell division A guard B shape C attack D save Question 20: Contrary to their expectations, there was widespread apathy among voters on that issue A interest B obedience C resistance D opposition Question 21: Never p unish your children by hitting them This might teach them to become hitters A bring B reward C give D accept Question 22: The first year at university was probably the most challenging year of her life, which caused her plenty of troubles A tricky B tough C difficult D easy Question 23: "Be quick! We must speed up if we don't want to miss the flight A turn down B slow down C look up D put forward Question 24: If you say bad things about the person who give a job you bite the hand that feeds you A be unfriendly B be ungrateful C be thankful D be devoted Question 25: Doctors and nurses of this hospital have worked r ound the clock to help those injured in the recent earthquake A permanently B interruptedly C continuously D accurately Question 26: "Do you think it's OK for me to wear jeans to a job interview or I need something a bit more upmarket?” A cheap and poor quality B high quality or expensive C trendy and fashionable D brand-name but old Question 27: Polish artist Pawel Kuzinsky creates satirical paintings filled with thought-provoking messages about the world A inspirational B cost-effective C discouraging D weather-beatten Question 28: The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important A odd B explicit C implicit D obscure Question 29: Biologists long regarded it as an example of adaptation by natural selection, but for physicists it bordered on the miraculous A adjustment B inflexibility C agility D flexibility Question 30: I need to c atch up on world events I haven't seen the news in ages A go ahead with B catch sight of C become outdated D watch the news