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36 ĐỀ THI OLYMPIC 30/4 TỰ LUYỆN THI HỌC SINH GIỎI LỚP 10 VÀ LỚP 11 With Answer Key SACHHOC.COM HocvoiOttoChannel trunng@gmail.com www.ottochannel.vn Ho Chi Minh City SỞ GIÁO DỤC & ĐÀO TẠO TP HỒ CHÍ MINH TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN LÊ HỒNG PHONG ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC KỲ THI OLYMPIC TRUYỀN THỐNG 30/4 LẦN THỨ XXV – NĂM 2019 Môn thi: Anh văn - Khối: 10 Ngày thi: 06/04/2019 Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút Đề có 08 trang Thí sinh làm phần trắc nghiệm (MULTIPLE CHOICE) phiếu trả lời trắc nghiệm phần tự luận (WRITTEN TEST) phiếu trả lời tự luận. Trên phiếu trả lời trắc nghiệm, thí sinh tơ thêm số 00 vào trước số báo danh (bằng bút chì). Phần mã đề thi phiếu trắc nghiệm, thí sinh tô vào ô 001 A MULTIPLE CHOICE (40 PTS) I GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES (5PTS): Choose the best options to complete the following sentences happy in the new school, he missed his old friends A Usually B Although C Being D Even we leave at 3:00, we should get there by 5:30 A Assuming B Having assumed C To assume D Assumed I am sorry to keep you waiting I hope you long A are not waiting B don’t wait C haven’t waited D haven’t been waiting It's about time you the balcony It's covered in leaves and dust A cleaned B had cleaned C to be cleaned D to have cleaned Don't be silly! That possibly be David Beckham! A mustn't B shouldn't C won't D can't –“I locked myself out of my apartment I didn't know what to do.” –“You your roommate.” A could have called B may have called C would have called D must have called –“Did the principal of the school answer you yet?” –“No, but I hear from him by 5pm, I’ll let you know.” A might B could C would D should help me make this decision I’m just so unsure of which direction to take for my future A I’d sooner you will B I wish you will C If only you could D I’d rather you we have enough money, where would you like to travel this summer? A So that B Provided that C Despite the fact that D Unless 10 Twenty people were arrested during the demonstration, of four were charged with obstruction A who B whom C which D them II PHRASAL VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS (5 PTS) Choose the best options to complete the following sentences 11 She was very appreciative all the support she got from her friends A of B for C on 12 Her latest novel is coming in paperback soon A across B off C out 13 As you’ve arrived late, you’ll have to the time you have lost A make up to B up to C up for 14 Mary is jealous her sister because she is much more popular A on B of C for 15 Your skirt needs taking ; it's too large A up B on C over 16 Can you make the meaning of this passage? A out B for C up 17 He’s such a hard man to as he’s always flitting from one site to another A pin in B lock in C narrow down 18 Don't be put by his manner He always acts that way OTTO CHANNEL – YOUR FRIENDS IN STUDYING ENGLISH D with D about D make up for D with D in D into D nail down A on B away C off 19 His proposal met total opposition from the committee A about B by C for 20 You ought to stand your little brother when the others tease him A over with B by for C about with D down D with D up for III VOCABULARY (10 PTS): Choose the best options to complete the following sentences 21 It is possible to out of the pension scheme if you not wish to participate A back B charge C opt D break 22 She always gets what she wants because she knows how to the rules A circumvent B desert C slack D elicit 23 Anthropologists have spent years studying the social system of this A breed B caste C tribe D sect 24 I tried to catch the mouse, but it was too A intentional B obsolete C uncommon D elusive 25 I have no appetite and I am lethargic I've been feeling under for ages A pair B stress C par D threat 26 Peter does everything himself because he doesn’t like to control A extinguish B relinquish C vanish D elicit 27 I don't know how I can up the courage to tell him the awful news A pick B pluck C store D set 28 I need to study more for the test I don’t have a very good of the material A abstract B grasp C hint D gist 29 The weekend is over, so tomorrow morning it's back to the A grind B labour C drudgery D toil 30 We could hear the monkey long before we reached their cage A chatting B chattering C prattling D babbling 31 Bob is so short-tempered; he should try to his anger A monitor B curb C temper D stunt 32 The police the woods looking for the lost child A scoured B integrated C traced D encountered 33 Don't mention work to Ray, as it's a sore with him at the moment A finger B point C place D nail 34 The couple under the umbrella to keep dry A enclosed B muffled C huddled D augmented 35 A long, green snake through the grass and disappeared A strutted B slunk C slithered D scampered 36 This schedule isn’t final It’s only A tentative B sporadic C contemporary D subsequent 37 My new pullover to half its previous size when I washed it A shrank B reduced C diminished D dwindled 38 The new accounting system all my work useless A transformed B rendered C transposed D converted 39 Martin just loves to his teeth into a really challenging crossword A grind B get C put D sink 40 The doctor said that sweets should be eaten in A compulsion B restriction C moderation D qualification IV GUIDED CLOZE (10 PTS): Read the texts below and decide which answer best fits each space Passage A: The case of food storage in tin cans illustrates how an invention can be successful even when it (41) a new problem for the one it solves In 1810, Peter Durand (42) tremendous progress in food preservation with his invention of the tin can The cans were ideal for transporting food and for (43) spoilage for extended periods But consumers of canned food had to (44) their own ingenuity to open the solidly constructed cans, which sometimes outweighed the foodstuffs inside Durand’s solution had created a new problem, (45) opening the cans In the early days, the (46) most favored was the brute force of a hammer and chisel In 1858, Ezra Warner designed a crude and somewhat (47) can opener Finally (48) 1930, the safe design that underlies today’s common kitchen utensils had OTTO CHANNEL – YOUR FRIENDS IN STUDYING ENGLISH been invented From the (49) of their introduction, however, the problem of opening the cans (50) not detract from their wide acceptance as a solution to the problem of food preservation 41 A substitutes B becomes C causes D is 42 A provided B invented C made D discovered 43 A storing B preserving C keeping D preventing 44 A create B know C use D make 45 A easily B especially C hardly D namely 46 A consumer’s B method C can D food 47 A called B dangerous C safer D sophisticated 48 A in B beyond C prior D by 49 A latest B way C time D first 50 A did B does C could D will Passage B: Two eyes help us to see in three dimensions; and two ears allow us to hear in stereo If recent research findings are (51) , two nostrils function in (52) the same way In the olfactory system, each nostril conveys to the brain a slightly different olfactory (53) upon smelling an odor What is perceived in combination is (54) used by the brain to get a precise (55) of what the odor is The slight difference (56) the olfactory images seems to occur (57) the air flows at a different rate through each nostril, one of (58) has a low flow-rate and the other a high one Odors that dissolve slowly have their maximum effect in the (59) that has a slow movement of air Conversely, those that dissolve quickly have their (60) effect when the air stream is moving rapidly Thus, air drawn into the nose will give different responses in each nostril Not yet well understood is how the brain processes the disparate olfactory images as a single recognizable aroma Future studies will be needed to completely explain this phenomenon 51 A incorrect B reported C accurate D similar 52 A so B as C much D such 53 A process B image C where D once 54 A which B earlier C strongly D then 55 A meaning B measurement C location D sense 56 A in B about C to D when 57 A before B then C however D because 58 A those B which C each D such 59 A nostril B chemical C flow D other 60 A personal B strongest C negative D slowest V READING COMPREHENSION (10 PTS): Read the texts below and choose the best answer to each question Passage A Recently, researchers conducted a survey to investigate what motivates young adults to exercise The study might shed light on why so few college students exercise and why many stop their exercise workouts after they graduate Researchers analyzed responses from 937 randomly selected college students at a leading U.S university What the research team found was that 39% of the male students and 26% of the female students exercised at least three days a week for 20 minutes at a time These exercise patterns were fairly similar to those in surveys at other universities The survey also revealed some critical factors which motivate college students to exercise Men who exercised regularly reported that their friends provided considerable support for them to so Those who exercised only occasionally had moderate support from their friends, while those who did not exercise at all had little or no support from friends For women, however, the crucial motivating factor seemed to come from family members rather than from friends Women who exercised regularly had a great deal of positive support to so from their families However, women who exercised only occasionally received moderate levels of encouragement from their families, while those who did not work out at all received little or no support from their families Since college students often live far from home, women students are likely to have a weaker support system than their male counterparts A medical professor, upon seeing the results of the study, remarked that generally there is not so much emphasis on body performance among girls and young women “It’s a macho thing to be able to run faster or lift weights,” he said “However,” he continued, “for the younger generation, this gender gap appears to be getting smaller.” 61 What is the main purpose of the study presented in this passage? A to investigate college students’ attitudes towards good health and exercise B to find out why young women don’t like to exercise OTTO CHANNEL – YOUR FRIENDS IN STUDYING ENGLISH 62 63 64 65 C to learn what makes college students exercise D to find the best type of exercise workout for college students What research method was used in this study? A College students reported on their friends’ exercise workouts B College students reported on their families’ exercise patterns C College professors answered questions about their students D College students answered questions about themselves What similarity between men and women did the study find? A The more friends they have, the more they exercise B The more support they have to exercise, the more they exercise C The closer they live to their families, the more they exercise D The more health-conscious they are, the more they exercise In comparison to the general college population, students at this university exercise A less often than average B about the same amount as average C more often than average D for longer at a time than average Why does the passage mention that some college students live far from home? A to emphasize that they not see their families every day B to criticize their life styles C to show how independent they are D to explain why they depend on their friends so much Passage B It has long been known that underweight, premature babies develop into children who perform worse at school than children who had normal birth weight and were full-term A recent study examining the effects of birth weight on intelligence suggests that even among full-term babies the heavier ones have an advantage The study has been following 3,900 British men and women since their birth in 1946 Birth weight was correlated with scores on tests of reading and arithmetic skills, non-verbal reasoning, memory, speed, and concentration These tests were conducted when the participants were 8, 11, 15, 26, and 43 years old Generally speaking, the heavier children performed better on the tests The relationship was strongest at age and then weakened over time By age 43, the relationship was negligible The results were not affected by birth order, gender, father’s social class, or mother’s education and age These findings must be interpreted with caution First, the results were based on averages Second, birth weight is only one of numerous factors influencing cognitive function Parental interest in education - such as volunteering at school or helping with homework - may offset the effect of birth weight Furthermore, poor environmental conditions, such as living in an overcrowded home, breathing polluted air, or being caught in a bitter divorce can diminish the early advantages enjoyed by heavier babies Although no one knows exactly what makes a newborn baby heavy, it is known that healthy, well-nourished mothers tend to have heavier babies, while those who eat poorly, smoke, and are heavy drinkers tend to produce smaller ones There are probably several other variables that affect birth weight, but if and how those are connected to intelligence is not known 66 In this study, the researchers examined the relationship between _ A maternal nutrition and birth weight B home environment and intelligence C age and intelligence D intelligence and birth weight 67 What did the researchers find out about the relationship they were studying? A It increased up to age 26, then decreased B It remained steady until age 26, then decreased C It decreased as the subjects grew older D It remained steady throughout the study 68 Which children have an advantage at school? A Those who were full-term, lighter weight babies B Those who were premature but normal weight babies C Those who were full-term, heavier babies D Those who were premature babies who gained weight quickly 69 According to the passage, what is one possible reason to question the conclusions of the study? A The study did not consider some environmental factors B The study was done too long ago C The study was done on premature babies, not full term ones OTTO CHANNEL – YOUR FRIENDS IN STUDYING ENGLISH D The study tested different children at different ages 70 What is the main idea of the passage? A Premature babies are disadvantaged throughout their lives B Parents’ educational level affects intelligence C No one knows the exact relationship between test scores and intelligence D Bigger babies may be more intelligent than smaller ones Passage C Diving deep into the ocean is difficult for humans, although whales it easily The deepest a human has dived into the ocean without scuba gear is to 450 feet below the surface, which required him to hold his breath for about two minutes Humans are unable to go much deeper because at a certain point the external pressure becomes so great it crushes the ribcage and lungs Furthermore, lack of oxygen also prevents humans from staying under water for long periods It is amazing, then, that whales can dive to depths of up to 10,000 feet and remain there for as long as two hours Several adaptations enable the whale to this, among them the construction of its ribcage Unlike humans, whales have fewer “true” ribs, ribs joined directly to the breastbone, and more “floating” ribs, which are attached only to the preceding rib by cartilage This flexible design allows the whale’s ribcage to fold under pressure instead of breaking, and for its lungs to collapse without rupturing capillaries Also, during a dive, the whale’s heart slows to as low as to beats a minute Arteries constrict, reducing blood flow to many of the whale’s less vital organs, thus conserving oxygen and maintaining blood pressure in the brain and heart Humans emerging too suddenly from dives can suffer from “the bends,” when small bubbles of nitrogen gas form in body fluids and obstruct blood flow, leading to death Because whales collapse their lungs, air is pushed from the lungs into the windpipe, which is lined with thick membranes, making it difficult for nitrogen bubbles to pass into the bloodstream or other tissues Together, these and other adaptations enable whales to dive to such depths 71 What are “floating” ribs? A Ribs that are not attached to other ribs B Ribs that are not attached to the breastbone C Ribs that are made of cartilage D Ribs that are not able to fold under pressure 72 What is the main purpose of this passage? A to explain why whales can something that humans cannot B to explain how humans and whales adapted C to explain what happens at great depths D to explain how the human respiratory system works 73 When a whale dives, what contributes to the conservation of oxygen? A Blood pressure increases B Blood flow decreases C The lungs collapse D The ribcage folds 74 Compared to whales, humans have A weaker capillaries B thicker membranes in the windpipe C fewer floating ribs D slower heartbeats 75 How does the whale’s ribcage differ from that of a human? A The whale’s ribcage contains fewer vital organs B The whale’s ribcage can bend without breaking C Whales have fewer ribs than humans D The whale’s ribs are not attached to the breastbone Passage D Scientists have not been able to determine the exact age of the Earth directly from its rocks Geologists have yet to find any of Earth’s original rocks that have not been recycled and destroyed through the process of plate tectonics However, scientists have been able to determine the probable age of our solar system and to calculate an age for the Earth by looking elsewhere - to outer space In doing so, they had to assume that the Earth and the rest of the solid bodies in our solar system formed at the same time and are the same age Asteroids in outer space have not been subjected to the crushing forces of plate tectonics Meteorites, which are fragments of asteroids that fall to Earth, contain clues about planetary formation Being primordial rocks still in their original state, they can be dated fairly accurately by measuring the radioactive elements remaining in them since the formation of the solar system One group of scientists from Germany and OTTO CHANNEL – YOUR FRIENDS IN STUDYING ENGLISH another from France analyzed meteorites and reached the same conclusion: The final phase of Earth’s formation, the separation of its metallic core from its silicate-based mantle, occurred about 30 million years earlier than previously thought The ages of more than seventy meteorites have been measured using radiometric dating techniques The results show that meteorites, and therefore presumably Earth, formed about 4.5 billion years ago These findings also push back the origin of Earth’s moon because most scientists believe that the Moon formed from material ejected when a Mars-sized planet collided with Earth The fact that these conclusions about the age of the Earth were reached by two independent groups of scientists increases the weight of the findings 76 What strengthens the claim made in this passage about Earth’s age? A Earth and meteorites are the same age B Two separate research studies had the same results C Geologists have found Earth’s original rocks D The moon is older than previously thought 77 What conclusion did the French and German scientists reach? A Meteorites have radioactive elements B Plate tectonics does not occur on asteroids C The Earth is older than was believed in the past D The Moon is older than the Earth 78 According to the passage, what is involved in “radiometric dating techniques”? A using radioactivity to restore an object to its original state B measuring the radioactive elements in an object C calculating how many times Earth’s rocks were recycled D subjecting an object to crushing forces 79 How did scientists date the Earth? A directly, by analyzing plate tectonics B directly, by measuring Earth’s metallic core C indirectly, by dating the Earth’s Moon D indirectly, by dating meteorites 80 What indicated the last stage in the Earth’s formation? A a reduction in the crushing force of plate tectonics B the separation of Earth’s core from its mantle C a shower of seventy meteorites falling to Earth D the collision of a Mars-sized planet with Earth B WRITTEN TEST I CLOZE TEST (20 PTS): Read the texts below and complete each space with ONE suitable word Passage A Fallingwater is recognized as one of the most unique and innovative (1) of American architecture of the 20th century Designed in 1935 by architect Frank Lloyd Wright, this beautiful house in western Pennsylvania is actually built over a waterfall Wright placed the house above the waterfall by anchoring it to the (2) next to the falls with concrete “trays,” (3) mimic the natural shape of rock ledges As a(n) (4) , the house appears to be suspended above the waterfall, which cascades underneath it Wright took much care in (5) Fallingwater as harmonious with nature as possible by linking the house to its natural surroundings He placed large windows on opposite sides of the main rooms so that the breeze and (6) of the water could flow through the house (7) hindrance Wright also proposed covering the building in gold leaf in (8) to imitate the color of dying plants, and thereby connect the house to the (9) of seasons and the passage of time Furthermore, he added a (10) of outdoor terraces where people could enjoy the cool air of the wooded valley Today, Fallingwater is open to the public with its original setting, furnishings, and artwork intact Passage B Global warming may be threatening one of the world’s most important crops: rice Increased nighttime temperatures are associated with significant declines in crop (11) , according to a study conducted by researchers at the International Rice Institute The researchers analyzed twelve years of rice production along with twenty-five years of temperature data This study, a direct measurement of yields produced under normal field conditions, using (12) that good farmers normally employ, has confirmed previous simulations and suggests that (13) increases due to global warming will make it increasingly difficult to feed the Earth’s growing population Average (14) temperatures, which increased 0.35 degrees Celsius over the (15) of the study, have little effect on rice production However, a strong correlation exists between warmer nighttime temperatures, which have risen an average OTTO CHANNEL – YOUR FRIENDS IN STUDYING ENGLISH of 1.1 degrees, (16) decreasing rice yields Although the underlying (17) of this relationship is unknown, researchers speculate that plants work harder to maintain themselves in (18) to the warmer nights and consequently divert energy from growth Thus, an average (19) of just one degree Celsius can (20) in a ten percent reduction in yields Similar findings have been reported for corn and soybean yields in the United States II WORD FORMATION: (20PTS) PART 1: Complete each sentence, using the correct form of the word in parentheses They were in search of archaeological remains (DATE) He always gets aggressive when he’s drunk (RESTRAIN) The drop in share prices in March was a of the financial crash that followed in June (RUN) She sang the first three verses with a piano and the last verse (COMPANY) I really didn't mean to offend her - I just said it (THINK) They were accused of in their treatment of the hostages (HUMAN) Alcohol is a factor in 10% of all road accidents (CONTRIBUTE) He had to face up to his own as a father (ADEQUATE) It was a step in the right direction (QUESTION) 10 Hospital beds were scarce and medicines were practically (EXIST) PART 2: Complete the passage with the appropriate forms from the words given in the box COMPLICATE STAND DINE WELCOME DEPEND OCCUR DEFEND TERROR DELICATE EXPOSE POISONOUS SEALIFE One of the most lethal poisons on Earth, ten thousand times more deadly than cyanide, is tetrodotoxin, more concisely known as TTX Its potency is well known in East Asia, where it regularly kills (11) who have braved the capricious (12) known as puffer fish This toxin has a (13) method of operation: twenty-five minutes after (14) , it begins to paralyse its victims, leaving the victim fully aware of what is happening Death usually results, within hours, from suffocation or heart failure There is no known antidote If lucky patients can (15) the symptoms for twenty-four hours, they usually recover without further (16) It is no ordinary poison What is strange about its (17) is that it is found in such a wide range of creatures, from algae to angelfish spanning entire kingdoms of life It is rather unlikely that such an unusual toxin evolved (18) in so many unrelated animals Marine biologists have discovered that the poison is produced by bacteria living in the gut of its host The best explanation is that a symbiotic relationship exists between host and the not (19) guest, where microbes exchange poison for nutrients, providing a valuable (20) weapon for its host III ERROR CORRECTION: (10PTS) The following passage contains 10 errors Identify and correct them BEWARE OF VITAMINS! Vitamins are good for our health, aren't they? Perhaps not New research suggests that rather than ward off disease, high doses of certain vitamins may make more harm than good and could even put you in an early grave Some recent studies suggest that far from improving health, these vitamins, when taken at very high doses, may actually increase the risks of cancer and a range of debilitating diseases, a discovery that has sent the medicinal world into a spin Scientists are unsure as to when vitamins, so essential to health, can be toxic in high doses The most likely explanation is that the body is only equipped to deal with the levels found naturally in the environment If the intake is too far for the normal range, then the body's internal chemistry must be shunted out of alignment What this means is that the 10 commercially sold vitamins and those provided by nature is not always compatible The commercial forms may interfere with the body's internal chemistry by “crowding out” the most natural and beneficial forms of the nutrients The vitamins obtained in food are also allied with a host of other substances which may moderate or augment its activity in the body The latest advice is to eat a balance diet to ensure you get all the nutrients you need, 15 and if you must take supplements make sure you take the lowest recommended dose and follow the instructions on the bottle IV SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION: (20 PTS) Rewrite the following sentences using the words given People know more about my novels than the plays I write (BETTER) I'm _ The staff hated his new policies intensely and so went on strike (HATRED) So intense OTTO CHANNEL – YOUR FRIENDS IN STUDYING ENGLISH Your attitude to life would be greatly improved by regular exercise (WONDERS) Regular exercise would There is someone in the office twenty-four hours a day (STAFFED) The office Do you think her grandmother was offended by what I said? (EXCEPTION) Do you think ? His behavior at the conference gave him the bad reputation he now has (CONDUCTED) The way _ Unless we can obtain more information, we can't process your claim (FORTHCOMING) Unless further _ Our teacher thinks it would be better to get on as quickly as possible (MUCH) Our teacher would prefer us I had to wait for the manager for almost an hour before he would see me (BEST) The manager kept _ 10 They remain close friends despite having had many arguments (FALL) Frequently as END OF TEST – BEST OF LUCK Họ tên thí sinh: Số báo danh: OTTO CHANNEL – YOUR FRIENDS IN STUDYING ENGLISH SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO TỈNH GIA LAI TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN HÙNG VƯƠNG KỲ THI OLYMPIC TRUYỀN THỐNG 30 - LẦN THỨ 24 ĐỀ THI ĐỀ NGHỊ MÔN: ANH ; LỚP : 11 Số Phách Số phách I MULTIPLE CHOICE ( 40 points) WORD CHOICE (5 points) Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentences Mark Stringly is rarely interviewed as he hates being in the A flashlight B limelight C headlight D floodlight I tried to push my way through the standing passengers to get to the door and, failing to keep my about me A head B soul C wits D mind We need a more _ assessment of the chances of ending this war A moral B sober C plain D vivid The mobile phone company planned to publicly _ its latest technology to upgrade its already strong operating system A underwrite B undervalue C undress D unveil She has drawn praise for her charitable works A abundant B luxurious C massive D lavish When times are good, people can spend freely, but during bad times we have to our spending A multiple B disperse C curtail D obstinate The vagrant came out of the shop, _ for about 10 paces before falling against a car A stammered B tripped C staggered D skidded James didn’t take _ to your suggestion that she was mean with money A kindly B pleasantly C cheerfully D agreeably When his manager went on a business trip, Smith stepped into the _ and chaired the meeting A hole B pool C breach D crack 10 The manager spoke highly of such _ as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his employees A haracteristics B properties C features D virtues Your answers: 10 KEY B C B D D C C A C 10 D GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES (5 points) Choose the word which best completes each sentence I know you didn’t want to upset me but I’d sooner you the whole truth yesterday A could have told B told C have told D had told him in York during your holiday, please give him my number A Were you to meet B Had you not met C Having met D Should you meet The scientists the festival of Ramadan, but they were too busy with their research in the laboratory A would have liked to commemorate B would have loved to have observed C would prefer to have obeyed D would sooner have celebrated I haven’t got the time to my own work, help you with yours A not counting B let alone C apart from D leaving aside A new generation of performers, those who by now had become a household name, honed their skills before following the same path onto television A no less talented than B along with talented as C together with talented as D having been more talented than I gave my last Mars bar to Jake, because he was feeling hungry; , he likes them far more than I can A besides B whereas C nonetheless D hence My mother always told me that I shouldn’t judge people The way they look says nothing about their character A by their appearance B with their outlook C through appearance D by their face Owning and living in a freestanding house is still a goal of young adults, _ earlier generations A as did B as it was of C like that of D so have , we can take another road A If need be B When it may C We might as well D Come what must 10 They turned down the proposal that it didn’t fulfill their requirement A by reason B on the grounds C as a cause D allowing Your answers: 10 KEY D D B B 5.A A A B A 10 B PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS (5 points) Choose the word which best completes each sentence The latest novel by Grant is hilarious It had me stitches A in B at C on D with The computer has a long way over the last thirty years A taken on B come on C broken down D put in Steve threw his chances of passing by spending too much time on the first question A on B off C away D in Did you notice Bob trying to _ doing the washing-up A get up to B break out of C get out of D get along with This pesticide kills insects contact A with B at C for D on Eva doesn’t care what she says People are often by her outspoken comments A set aside B taken aback C stood over D taken off Steve used to be easy to work with, but since his promotion he’s begun to A throw his weight around B throw in the towel C throw him off balance D turn up trumps The new regim determined to compulsory military service A stop of B end up C phase out D break off Terry’s quite nice really Don’t be by his appearance A checked off B put off C set on D taken over 10 The court scot-free A let her off B took her away C set her up D kept her out Your answers: 10 KEY A B C B D B A C B 10 A COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS (5 points) Choose the word which best completes each sentence It takes a very determined person to achieve results as good as this; you really have to put your to it A mind B head C brain D thoughts They are always on the young and versatile people A search for B look out for C need for D terms of There's a balance between success and failure A small B narrow C fine D light My camera was stolen from my bag at the airport so I _ a claim on my insurance A had B did C took D made Reports that he earns more than $5m a year are exaggerated A grossly B perfectly C absolutely D extremely The manager hesitated to assign the job to the newcomer as he was A wet behind the ears B feeling your ears burning C ringing in your ears D keeping your ears open If you want to solve the problem for ever, you must face a difficulty or danger boldly, that is, you must _ A pull the bull’s horns B take the bull by horns C blow your own horn D be on the horns of a dilemma Mrs Roy on Saturday evening parties-you’ll find all kinds of people there A keeps the doors of the house open B sets her house in order C keeps an open house D brings the house down Terry of the matter long ago A was good with his hands B got his hands dirty C had his hands full D washed his hands 10 People are always critical One needs to to cope with criticism A have a thick skin B have a thin skin C get under their skin D make their skin crawl Your answers: 10 KEY A B C D A A B C D 10 A READING COMPREHENSION READING PASSAGE (5 points) Continents and ocean basins represent the largest identifiable bodies on Earth On the solid portions of the planet, the second most prominent features are flat plains, elevated plateaus, and large mountain ranges In geography, the term “continent” refers to the surface of continuous landmasses that together comprise about 29.2% of the planet’s surface On the other hand, another definition is prevalent in the general use of the term that deals with extensive mainlands, such as Europe or Asia, that actually represent one very large landmass Although all continents are bounded by water bodies or high mountain ranges, isolated mainlands, such as Greenland and India-Pakistan areas are called subcontinents In some circles, the distinction between continents and large islands lies almost exclusively in the size of particular landmass The analysis of compression and tension in the earth’s crust has determined that continental structures are composed of layers that underlie continental shelves A great deal of disagreement among geologists surrounds the issue of exactly how many layers underlie each landmass because of their distinctive mineral and chemical composition It is also quite possible that the ocean floor rests on the top of unknown continents that have not yet been explored The continental crust is believed to have been formed by means of a chemical reaction when lighter materials separated from heavier ones, thus settling at various levels within the crust Assisted by the measurements of the specifics within crust formations by means of monitoring earthquakes, geologists can speculate that a chemical split occurred to form the atmosphere, sea water, and the crust before it solidified many centuries ago Although each continent has its special features, all consist of various combinations of components that include shields, mountain belts, intracratonic basins, margins, volcanic plateaus, and blockvaulted belts The basic differences among continents lie in the proportion and the composition of these features relative to the continent size Climatic zones have a crucial effect on the weathering and formation of the surface features, soil erosion, soil deposition, land formation, vegetation, and human activities Mountain belts are elongated narrow zones that have a characteristic folded sedimentary organization of layers They are typically produced during substantial crustal movements, which generate faulting and mountain building When continental margins collide, the rise of a marginal edge leads to the formation of large mountain ranges, as explained by the plate tectonic theory.This process also accounts for the occurrence of mountain belts in ocean basins and produces evidence for the ongoing continental plate evolution What does this passage mainly discuss? A.Continental drift and division B.Various definitions of the term “continent” C Continental structure and crust D Scientific analyses of continental crusts According to the passage, how scientists define continents? A.As masses of land without divisions B As extensive bodies of land C As the largest identifiable features D As surgical compositions and ranges In paragraph one, the word ‘ bounded” is closest in meaning to A.covered B convened C delimited D dominat The author of the passage implies that the disagreement scientists is based on the fact that A each continent has several planes and shelves B continents have various underlying layers of crust C continents undergo compression and experience tension D continents have different chemical makeup The word “specifics” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to A specialities B speculations C exact details D precise movements The author of the passage implies that A it is not known exactly how the continental crust was formed B geologists have neglected the exploration of the ocean floor C scientists have concentrated on monitoring earthquakes D the earth’s atmosphere split into water and solids According to the passage, what are the differences in the structure of continents? A The proportional size of continents to one another B Ratios of major components and their comparative size C The distinctive features of their elements D Climatic zones and their effect on the surface features In paragraph four, the phrase “This process” refers to A continental collision B mountain ranges C the rise of margins D plate tectonic theory The author of the passage implies that A the process of mountain formation has not been accounted for B mountain ranges on the ocean floor lead to surface mountain building C faulting and continental margins are parts of plate edges D the process of continent formation has not been completed 10 The word “evidence” in paragraph four is closest in meaning to A eventually B confirmation C exemplification D challenge Your answers: KEY C A C D C A B 10 A D 10 B READING PASSAGE (5 points) MOUND-BUILDER THEORIES Some of the most impressive geographical features in North America are the many earth mounds scattered around the continent These earthworks are enormous artificial hills constructed by various Native American civilizations for ritualistic purposes, such as burials worship, and they are thousands of years old, with the latest ones being finished hundreds of years before Europeans explored America Upon their arrival, European explorers were impressed with the structures, but prejudice against the native tribes prevented them from accrediting Native Americans with their construction Instead, American settlers developed several theories that claimed a superior but extinct "mound-builder" civilization made the earthworks Moreover, particular details of different mound-builder theories reflected the specific prejudices of the people who supported them For example, devout Christian groups like the Mormons argued that a sacred Israeli society was responsible, and white Americans argued that only the Vikings could have built such mounds because they believed that their European ancestors were far superior to Native Americans The persistence of these myths showed how for centuries Americans selectively examined evidence and distorted science in order to support their own agendas against the natives Prior to the 20th century, many Americans accepted the mound-builder theories as despite the dubious evidence that supported them For instance, most believers argued that the presence of metal artifacts beneath the mounds showed that the natives couldn't have them because they had no knowledge of metallurgy Some tribes did in fact possess such skills, and the presence of defensive walls around tribal lands indicates that Native Americans could indeed construct structures such as earth mounds Nonetheless, most Americans dismissed such evidence and instead considered other potential candidates for the mound builders Popular choices were ancient Chinese, Greek, or African civilizations, none of which were in prehistoric America Other people argued that mystical forces, such as God or people from mythical Atlantis, built the mounds A common presupposition for all of these theories was that the natives were too unskilled and primitive to build these intricate and complex structures Ironically, by proclaiming the natives’ ignorance, these theorists often displayed their own ignorance: they didn't recognize that the writings on many artifacts excavated from the mounds were Native American, particularly because they didn't know that these tribes had written languages However, the popularity of these myths wasn't solely the result of racism and ignorance: these theories also served the Americans' agenda of seizing native lands During the 19th century, when these theories were most popular, Americans expanded throughout the continent and eventually gained total control of all native territory The settlers often justified their conquests by claiming that the natives themselves had stolen the land after they eradicated the mound- builders, so the Americans were essentially avenging these vanisfied peoples In order to support these agendas, proponents of the mound-builder theories would point to any bit of evidence, no matter how weak, that lent credence to their daims, and some even planted false evidence Throughout the 19th century, excavations at many mound sites produced forged tablets, and these supported theories that either the natives had killed the original builders of the earth mounds or that the mounds were indeed built by a sacred people All of these were inscribed with different languages, such as Mayan, Chinese, Hebrew, and Egyptian, and this supposedly proved that non-native civilizations built these mounds A While these findings were eventually exposed as frauds, the mound- builder theories persisted, even this day, especially among groups that claim racial superiority over the natives B Regardless of the misinformation and domineering prejudice that supported moundbuilder theories, there has always been support for the idea that natives constructed the earthworks C The early American president Thomas Jefferson reached this conclusion when he performed excavations at these sites and recognized similarities between native burials and mound burials D Also, early evidence includes accounts by Spanish and French explorers who stayed with various native tribes and learned of the construction of many mounds The myths finally ceased to be the dominating view after ethnologist Cyrus Thomas proved that native tribes constructed the mounds At the end of the 19lh century, this also became the United States government's official position According to paragraph 1, the earth mounds A still pose many questions as to who built them B show that an American people preceded the natives C were scoffed at by the first European settlers D were misunderstood for hundreds of years In paragraph 1, what does the author imply about the mound-builder theories? A They were based on native history B They didn't find many supporters C They confirmed pre-existing beliefs D They are widely accepted today The word dubious in the passage is closest in meaning to (A) solid (B) technical (C) confusing (D) doubtful The word resupposition in the passage is closest in meaning to (A) assumption (B) conclusion (C) contradiction (D) question Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information (A) Many Native American tribes could actually write in their own languages, which several believers of the mound-builder theories wouldn't realize until decades later (B) By claiming that the natives were too ignorant to write language, the myths' believers actually showed that they were too ignorant to recognize native writing (C) The people who argued in favor of the mound - builder myths showed that the discovery of inscribed artifacts proved no Native American tribe ever built earthworks (D) Proponents of myths surrounding the earth mounds lacked crucial knowledge of the various native cultures, and this showed in their support for such ignorant theories The phrase these vanished peoples in the passage refers to (A) mound-builders (B) Americans (C) natives (D) settlers In paragraph 3, the author describes the American conquest of native lands in order to (A) show how important the mounds were to white Americans (B) explain how settlers were able to excavate the mounds (C) prove that natives couldn't build effective walls or mounds discuss how the mound-builder theories were exploited According to paragraph 4, how did the fake tablets allegedly prove that Native Americans didn’t build the earth mounds? (A) They supposedly existed before any native society (B) They featured writing from other civilizations (C) They were metal, which natives couldn't make (D) They resembled sacred tablets described in the Bible According to the passage, all of the following are true about mound-builder theories EXCEPT: (A) Most expressed racist attitudes (B) They became government policy (C) Some involved fictional societies (D) They relied on shaky evidence 10 Look at the four choices A, B, C, or D that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage For instance, some black nationalist groups believe that an African civilization responsible for constructing the pyramids also built the earth mounds; like the Viking theory, this myth serves to stress pride in a particular race Where would this sentence best fit? Your answers: (D) KEY D C D A B A D 10 B B 10 B GUIDED CLOZE TEST CLOZE TEST Read the following passage carefully and then choose best option to fit each space (5 points) Oxford is a city with such a mind-blowing reputation that many who come here find themselves intimidated by the place and can’t wait to leave, while others, taking to it like a duck to water, find themselves returning again and again The college lawns provide a gorgeous (1) to serious study, and in the right light, on a sunny winter’s morning say, one feels as if one is (2) on air, such is the sense of unreality Oxford may like to (3) that it is at the intellectual hub of things, but in many ways it is no more than a sleepy (4) where, to mix metaphors, transitory students, the (5) of their generation, wait in the (6) , allowing their talents to (7) before moving off into the industrial or political fast-lane Much of this is a myth, of course Hardship and hard work are very much part and (8) of student life The (9) get through the three years’ hard grind by simply putting their shoulders to the wheel before going on to fairly average jobs Only for the tiny minority is Oxford the first (10) on the ladder to fame and fortune A backdrop B curtain C scene D screen A flying B gliding C floating D swimming A pretend A backwater A froth A pavilion A flourish A package A level-headed 10 A step B act B stream B cream B dressing room B open B section B hot-headed B position C dissemble C tributary C fat C wings C spread C province C hot-blooded C elevation D produce D watershed D caviar D foyer D float D parcel D kind-hearted D ascent Your answers: 10 KEY A C A A B C A D A 10 A CLOZE TEST Read the following passage carefully and then choose best option to fit each space (5 points) Viewed from the outside (1) , the Houses of Parliament look impressive The architecture gives the place a traditional look, and the buildings are sandwiched between a busy square and the river, making them a (2) between the country house of an eccentric duke and a Victorian railway station You have only to learn that the members (3) to each other as ‘The Honorable Member to (4) the picture of a dignified gentlemen’s club, with of course a few ladies to (5) _ the numbers Sadly, over the past few years first radio, and now television, have shown the general public, who are (6) the electorate, what in fact goes on when bills are discussed and questions are asked The first obvious fact is that the chamber is very rarely full, and there may be only a handful of members present, some of whom are quite clearly asleep, telling jokes to their neighbor, or shouting like badly-behaved schoolchildren There is not enough room for them all in the chamber in any (7) _, which is a second worrying point Of course, television does not follow the work of committees, which are the small discussions groups that most of the real work of the House But the (8) impression that voters receive of the workings of government is not a good one To put it (9) _, parliament looks disorganized, is clearly behind the time and seems to be filled with bores and comedians This is presumably why members (10) _ for so long the efforts of the BBC to broadcast parliamentary matters on television A likewise B at least C nevertheless D as well A mixture B combination C cross D match A call B refer C speak D submit A finalize B end C conclude D complete A take away B bring about C make up D set in 10 A after all A point A total A bluntly 10 A prevented B anyway B way B broad B shortly B checked C even C matter C overall C directly C defied D furthermore D case D comprehensive D basically D resisted Your answers: 10 KEY B C B D C A D C A 10 D II WRITTEN TEST ( 70 points) OPEN CLOZE TESTS Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space Use only ONE WORD for each space CLOZE TEST 1: (10 points) Throughout our lives, right from the moment when as infants we cry to express our hunger, we are engaged in social interaction of one form or another Each and (1) time we encounter fellow human beings, some kind of social interaction will take place, (2) _ it’s getting on a bus and paying the fare for the journey, or socializing with friends It goes without (3) , therefore, that we need the ability to communicate Without some method of (4) _ intentions, we would be at a(n) (5) _ loss when it came to interacting socially Communication (6) _ the exchange of information which can be anything from a gesture to a friend signalling boredom to the presentation of a university thesis which may only ever be read by a (7) _ of others, or it could be something in (8) _ the two Our highly developed languages set us (9) _ from animals But for these languages, we could not communicate sophisticated or abstract ideas Nor could we talk or write about people or objects not immediately present (10) _ we restricted to discussing objects already present, we would be able to make abstract generalizations about the world Your answers: 10 KEY every involves whether handful saying between transmitting apart complete 10 Were 11 CLOZE TEST 2: (10 points) My new friend’s a robot In fiction robots have a personality, (1) _ reality is disappointingly different Although sophisticated (2) _ to assemble cars and assist during complex surgery, modern robots are dumb automatons, (3) _ of striking up relationships with their human operators However, change is (4) _ the horizon Engineers argue that, as robots begin to make (5) _a bigger part of society, they will need a way to interact with humans To this end they will need artificial personalities The big question is this: what does a synthetic companion need to have so that you want to engage (6) _ it over a long period of time? Phones and computers have already shown the (7) _ to which people can develop relationships with inanimate electronic objects Looking further (8) _, engineers envisage robots helping around the house, integrating with the web to place supermarket orders using email Programming the robot with a human–like persona and (9) _ it the ability to learn its users’ preferences, will help the person feel (10) _ease with it Interaction with such a digital entity in this context is more natural than sitting with a mouse and keyboard Your answers: 10 KEY but enough incapable on up with extent/ degree ahead/forward giving 10 at WORD FORMATION (20 points) PART 1: Complete each sentence, using the correct form of the word in parentheses Look ! I know you’ve lost your wallet, but there’s no use in keeping on the fact Someone has stolen it and that’s all there is to it ! (MOAN) Paul is a good employee, and is very (CONSCIENCE) He must be drunk He is making remarks (SENSE) You can ask a for advice on what kind of food you should eat to keep you healthy (DIET) 5.Few active steps were taken to measure, understand or manage the occurance of (ABSENCE) fans crowd near the stage the moment the pop star appears (AWE) She finally left her husband because of his (ADULT) Liskeard and Callington are basically from here, so it’ll take about the same time to get to either of them (DISTANT) 12 You won’t persuade him to change his mind His decision is _ (REVOKE) 10 Since his bad habits were never broken when he was a child, they are now (CORRECT) KEY bemoaning awestruck conscientious adultery nonsensical equidistant diettician irrevocable absenteeism 10 incorrigible PART 2: Complete the following passage with the appropriate forms from the words given in the box ACCESS APPEAR COMMIT DENY EXCLUDE IMMERSE INFANT INSTITUTE LONELY SEE One of the most challenging aspects of the science anthropology comes from its fieldwork Certainly, in its (1) as a profession, anthropology was distinguished by its concentration on so-called primary societies in which social (2) appear to be fairly limited and social interaction to be conducted almost (3) _ face – to – face Such societies, it was felt, provided anthropologists with a valuable (4) into the workings of society that contrasted with the many complexities of more highly developed societies There was also a sense that the way of life represented by these smaller societies were rapidly (5) and that preserving a record of them was a matter of some urgency The (6) of anthropologists to the first – hand collection of data led them to some of the most (7) places on earth Most often they worked alone Such lack of contact with other people created feelings of intense (8) in some anthropologists, especially in the early stages of fieldwork Nevertheless, this process of (9) in a totally alien culture continues to attract men and women to anthropology, and is (10) _ the most effective way of understanding in depth how other people see the world Your answers: 10 KEY infancy commitment institutions inaccessible exclusively loneliness insight immersion disappearing 10 undeniable ERROR IDENTIFICATION (10 points) The passage below contains 10 mistakes Identify and correct them Until recently, we have confined ourselves for our own solar system in the search for life, partly because we have not had evidence for the existence of other solar systems 13 Furthermore, our telescopes have not been powerful enough to detect planets But not long ago, a technique was developed that could ascertain reliably whether stars have planets orbiting it Basically, this technique relies upon our ability to detect with some degree of precision how much light a star is giving If this change for a brief period, it is probably because a large object – a planet – is passing in front of it At first, the technique could only establish the existence of a very large planet with an elliptical orbit that brought it in close proximity to the star This was one of the limits of the technique: life could not exist on such large planets Furthermore, the orbit of the planet would preclude the possibility of other, smaller planets orbiting the same star Therefore, that particular planetary system could be effectively ruled out in terms of the search for life However, astronomers using an Anglo-American telescope in New South Wales now believe they have pinpointed a planetary system which resembles to our own For the first time, they identified a large planet, twice the size of Jupiter, orbiting a star like the sun, at much the same distance from its parent star as Jupiter is to the sun And this is the vital point about their discovery: there is at last a theoretical possibility that smaller planets could be orbiting inside the orbit of this planet KEY for it giving change in limits resembles to identified to 10 last to they giving off changes (verb) into limitations resembles have identified from least SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 points) Rewrite the following sentences using the words given The mob went away when the police came along → Along The inevitability of unemployment was something nobody cared to admit → The admission Absolute secrecy was crucial to the success of the mission → Without Something must be done quickly to solve the problem of homelessness → Urgent _ An pretends not to know about Minh’s absence → An turns _ Minnie meant well so you mustn’t be offended by her comments (AMISS) → Please because she meant well It’s urgent that the new principal start to deal with the problems facing the school (GRIPS) 14 → The new principle will have to the problem facing the school straight away My supervisor did not even hint to me that he was about to resign (INDICATION) → I _ When I saw the exam questions, I couldn’t remember anything (MIND) → When I saw the exam questions, my 10 We have recently noticed that you have not been attending staff training sessions (ATTENTION) → It has that you have not been attending staff training sessions KEY Along came the police and away went the mob/ the mob went away The admission that unemployment was inevitable was something nobody cared for / cared to make Without absolute secrecy this mission would not have succeeded/ been successful/ been a success/ would have failed Urgent action is/ measures are necessary/ essential/ steps/action must be taken/ measures must be adopted to solve the problem/ if the problem is to be solved 5.An turns a blind eye to Minh’s absence ……don’t take Minnie’s comments amiss…… …….get to grips with……………… I was given no indication by my supervisor that he was about to resign When I saw the exam questions, my mind just went blank 10 …… come to our attention………… 15