HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY MID -TERM TEST ON TRANSLATION THEORIES FOR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH (No 1) Subject Code: EN43 BÀI GIẢI Full name: ……………………………… Date of birth: ……………………………… Group: …………………………………… I Answer the following questions: (40 points) What are the different current views on translation? What is Nida's general theory of translating? (The file sent will be named after each student’s name Plagiarism will lead to failure) Different Current Views on Translation: There are various views and approaches to translation, each reflecting different philosophies and methodologies Some of the current views on translation include: a) Formal Equivalence (Literal Translation): This approach emphasizes word-for-word translation, preserving the grammatical structures and cultural elements of the source text as closely as possible It aims for accuracy and fidelity to the original, sometimes at the expense of naturalness in the target language b) Dynamic Equivalence (Functional Equivalence): This approach focuses on conveying the meaning and intent of the source text rather than adhering strictly to the form It allows for more flexibility and adaptation in the target language to ensure the message is effectively communicated to the target audience c) Communicative Translation: This view emphasizes the importance of considering the context, audience, and communicative purpose of the translation It aims to produce a text that achieves the same communicative function as the source text, even if it requires some modifications d) Cultural Translation: This approach recognizes the cultural differences between the source and target languages and aims to make the translation culturally appropriate for the target audience It involves adapting cultural references and idiomatic expressions to ensure comprehension and avoid potential misunderstandings e) Postcolonial Translation: This perspective addresses the power dynamics in translation, particularly in postcolonial contexts It seeks to challenge dominant discourses and decolonize translation by giving voice to marginalized groups and cultures f) Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS): DTS analyzes translations as a social and cultural phenomenon, focusing on how translations are produced, received, and function in various contexts It aims to describe and understand translation practices rather than prescribe normative rules Nida's General Theory of Translating: Eugene Nida, a prominent translation scholar, proposed a general theory of translating that emphasizes the importance of effective communication in translation His theory is known as the "Dynamic Equivalence" or "Functional Equivalence" theory According to Nida, the primary goal of translation is to convey the meaning and message of the source text in a way that is natural and understandable to the target audience Nida's theory rejects the idea of strict word-for-word translation and emphasizes the need to consider the dynamic relationship between the source and target languages He introduced the concept of "dynamic equivalence," which involves translating the content, functional meaning, and style of the source text rather than focusing on its literal form Nida advocated for a translation process that takes into account the cultural, linguistic, and social context of both the source and target languages He emphasized the importance of adaptation and cultural sensitivity to ensure effective communication According to Nida, the translator must be aware of the target audience's culture, beliefs, and linguistic preferences to produce a translation that resonates with them In summary, Nida's theory of translating advocates for a dynamic and functional approach to translation, prioritizing effective communication and cultural adaptation to convey the message of the source text in the target language II Translation practice Read the text and find out the features of the situational context (30 points) Fluctuation is a term which is used for describing the interdependence between episodic, fragmentary experiences which we make everyday, and structured knowledge which we need to accommodate anew, haphazardly made experiences, such as the meaning of hitherto unknown words or metaphors, the impact of new stories, and all the other experiences we make when we try to find adequate solutions for translation problems Like any language user, translators strive to develop standard translation procedures which enable them, consciously or subconsciously, to render textual input by projecting source-text items onto the standard lexical (terminological), phraseological, syntactic, and textual patterns of the target linguistic repertoires At least for translators who in their professional life enjoy the tremendous privilege of having to cope only with a fairly homogeneous spectrum of texts, translation is in part a habit In order to practise habits, a translator has to learn them This seems to be commonplace observation, but to be aware of its pedagogical significance, it is fundamental to the preparation of translation-teaching materials ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Field: The field of the text is translation and language use It discusses the interdependence between everyday experiences and structured knowledge in translation, focusing on the challenges faced by translators when dealing with new words, metaphors, and translation problems Tenor: The tenor involves translators as language users, striving to develop standard translation procedures to render textual input It also mentions translators who work with a fairly homogeneous spectrum of texts, indicating a specific professional context Mode: The mode of the text is descriptive and explanatory It presents information and observations about the nature of translation, the habits of translators, and the significance of translation-teaching materials Translate the text into Vietnamese (30 points) Dao động thuật ngữ sử dụng để mô tả tương phản trải nghiệm phân đoạn, rời rạc mà có hàng ngày kiến thức có cấu trúc mà cần phải điều chỉnh lại, trải nghiệm tình cờ, chẳng hạn ý nghĩa từ chưa biết trước phép ẩn dụ, tác động câu chuyện mới, tất trải nghiệm khác cố gắng tìm giải pháp thích hợp cho vấn đề dịch thuật Giống người sử dụng ngôn ngữ nào, nhà dịch cố gắng phát triển thủ tục dịch thuật tiêu chuẩn cho phép họ, có ý thức khơng, chuyển đổi thơng tin văn cách ánh xạ thành phần văn nguồn vào mơ hình từ vựng (kỹ thuật), thành ngữ, cú pháp văn tiêu chuẩn sưu tập ngơn ngữ mục tiêu Ít người dịch đời sống chuyên nghiệp họ, phần thói quen Để thực hành thói quen, nhà dịch phải học chúng Điều dường quan sát phổ biến, nhận thức ý nghĩa giáo dục cho việc chuẩn bị tư liệu dạy dỗ dịch thuật Một số yêu cầu: + Sinh viên nộp file word lên hệ thống + Ghi rõ mã đề làm Chú ý: + Chế tài xử lý phát có chép ( VD: phát chép làm sinh viên không công nhận nhận điểm 0….) + Giảng viên trao đổi, nhận xét góp ý cho làm sinh viên diễn đàn buổi Vclass (SV tham gia lớp Vclass đầy đủ để giải đáp)