[...]... oxide, and nickel sulphide by a number of physical and chemical processes in b Ibid August 30, 2007 4 9:42 WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering 9in x 6in introduction G Davies Chapter 2 And in Chapter 3, material scientists Jon Molina-Aldareguia and Stephen Lloyd describe multi-layered inorganic materials, which have a range of potential applications including hard coatings and data storage systems In his... and Photonic Engineering at the University of Leeds in 2002, becoming Director of the Institute of Microwaves and Photonics in 2005, and has built up large research teams studying high-frequency (terahertz) electronics and photonics, semiconductor device growth and processing, and bio-nanotechnology He is especially interested in cross-disciplinary research and, in particular, the combination of biological... (EPSRC) They are working at the cutting edge of their fields, and these articles describing their research and setting it into a wider context provide an excellent overview of these topics and demonstrate the infectious enthusiasm of young people passionate about what they do best — asking the questions “Why?” and “Why not?” August 30, 2007 9:42 WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering 6 9in x 6in introduction G... emerging technologies in the following years Keywords: Carbon, nanotubes, nanoelectronics, nanodevices, curvature 1 Introduction Various forms of carbon including graphite, diamond, and hydrocarbon molecules have been intensively studied since the beginning of the 20th century In 1924, J D Bernal successfully identified the crystal structure of 7 August 30, 2007 8 9:42 WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering 9in. .. 305 313 August 30, 2007 9:42 WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering 9in x 6in introduction INTRODUCTION Giles Davies School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds, Leeds, UK You see things; and you say “Why?” But I dream things that never were; and I say “Why not?” George Bernard Shaw Of the volumes planned for this series of books from the Royal Society and Imperial College Press, this... 30, 2007 9:42 WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering Introduction 9in x 6in introduction 3 a vast range of disparate science and technology, and is inherently a multidisciplinary field However, the focus of nanoscience and technology is not with materials that are simply small; the properties of the structure or material must be different from those exhibited in the bulk There are two main reasons that this... WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering x 9in x 6in fm Contents 7 EXPLORING TUNNEL TRANSPORT THROUGH PROTEIN AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL 167 Jason J Davis, Nan Wang, Wang Xi, and Jianwei Zhao 1 2 3 4 5 6 Introduction Molecular Electronics Assembling Proteins at Electroactive Surfaces Protein Tunnel Transport Probed in an STM Junction Assaying Protein Conductance... Ajayan); and (c) model of a nanotube tip exhibiting the locations of the six pentagonal rings (open circles; courtesy of P M Ajayan) August 30, 2007 9:42 12 WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering 9in x 6in ch01 H Terrones and M Terrones and MWNTs) were obtained by Morinobu Endo in the mid-1970s.10 He observed that tubular graphite of nanometer scale could be produced using this thermolytic process, and imaged... hexagons, and pentagons (d) Toroidal carbon obtained by joining C60 molecules along the five-fold axis (the molecules coalesce and get distorted by the presence of rings with more than six carbon atoms which are necessary to join them) August 30, 2007 9:42 WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering Carbon: Novel Materials for the 21st Century (c) (d) Fig 6 (Continued) 9in x 6in ch01 19 August 30, 2007 9:42 WSPC /Advances. .. devices formed by electrostatic confinement, including devices that control individual electrons or operate by the action of individual electrons Rolf Crook continues with this theme in Chapter 9 describing an innovative technique to pattern electronic nanostructures in an erasable fashion, providing a flexible approach for investigating and optimizing such devices Moving sideways from nanoelectronic systems . of August 30, 2007 9:42 WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering 9in x 6in introduction Introduction 3 a vast range of disparate science and technology, and is inherently a multi- disciplinary field. However,. inorganic materials such as silicon, ruthenium oxide, and nickel sulphide by a number of physical and chemical processes in b Ibid. August 30, 2007 9:42 WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering 9in x 6in introduction 4. 9:43 WSPC /Advances in Nanoengineering 9in x 6in fm x Contents 7. EXPLORING TUNNEL TRANSPORT THROUGH PROTEIN AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL 167 Jason J. Davis, Nan Wang, Wang Xi, and Jianwei Zhao 1 Introduction