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ASSIGNMENT FRONT SHEET Qualification BTEC Level HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title Unit 16: Cloud computing Submission date Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name DAO VINH KHANG Student ID GCS200222 Class GCS0905B Assessor name VANHH Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice Student’s signature Khang Grading grid P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 D1 CONTENTS Contents CONTENTS CONTENTS Figure Error! Bookmark not defined I ANALYZE THE EVOLUTION AND FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF CLOUD COMPUTING (P1) Introduction to the history Figure 1: THE EVOLUTION OF CLOUD COMPUTING Fundamental concepts of cloud computing (Exin, 2022) 11 The need of cloud computing (Patra, 2022) 12 II DESIGN AN APPROPRIATE ARCHITECTURAL CLOUD COMPUTING FRAMEWORK FOR A GIVEN SCENARIO (P2) 13 Cloud computing architecture 13 Figure 2: CLOUD COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE 13 Architecture design for ATN organization 14 Figure 3: ARCHITECTURE DESIGN FOR ATN COMPANY 14 Dependencies and components of ATN application 15 Figure 4: COMPONENTS OF ATN COMPANY TO BUILD CLOUD 15 III DISCUSS WHY AN ORGANIZATION SHOULD MIGRATE TO A CLOUD COMPUTING SOLUTION (M1) 16 Advantages and disadvantages of using Cloud computing solution (Peterson, 2022) 16 Persuade organizations to use Cloud computing instead of local applications 18 Figure 5: CLOUD IMPACT ON BUSINESS 18 Figure 6: RESPONDENTS ARE USING CLOUD 19 P3 Define an appropriate deployment model for a given scenario 21 I Four deployment model: 21 II Deployment model for ATN Company: 22 V COMPARE THE SERVICE MODELS FOR CHOOSING AN ADEQUATE MODEL FOR A GIVEN SCENARIO (P4) 23 Service models (IBM, 2022) 23 Figure 11: CLOUD SERVICE MODELS 23 Figure 12: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS 24 Figure 13: INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE 25 26 Figure 14: PLATFORM AS A SERVICE 26 Figure 15: SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE 28 Service model for ATN application: PaaS 29 VI DEMONSTRATE THESE DEPLOYMENT MODELS WITH REAL WORLD EXAMPLES (M2) 30 Public Cloud 30 Figure 16: PUBLIC CLOUD PROVIDERS 31 Private Cloud 31 Figure 17: PRIVATE CLOUD EXAMPLE 32 Hybrid Cloud 32 Figure 18: CISCO AND GOOGLE HYBRID CLOUD 33 Community Cloud 33 Figure 19: SALESFORCE COMMUNITY CLOUD 34 VII REFERENCES 34 I ANALYZE THE EVOLUTION AND FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF CLOUD COMPUTING (P1) Introduction to the history Figure 1: THE EVOLUTION OF CLOUD COMPUTING i The Late 1990s (Foote, 2022) The cloud was initially used to represent the empty space between the end user and the supplier Emory University Professor Ramnath Chellapa characterized cloud computing in 1997 as "a new computer model in which the boundaries of computation will be dictated by economic logic rather than technological restrictions." This relatively hefty explanation applies to cloud evolution As organizations develop a greater knowledge of the cloud's offerings and utility, it has grown in favor Salesforce became a well-known example of a successful usage of cloud computing in 1999 They utilized it to pioneer the concept of delivering software packages to end customers through the Internet Anyone with access to the Internet may see and download the software (or application) Businesses may get on-demand, low-cost software without leaving the office ii The Early 2000s (Foote, 2022) Amazon launched its web-based commerce services in 2002 It was the first large company to regard using barely 10% of their capacity (which was usual at the time) as a problem to be solved They were able to use their computer's capability significantly more efficiently because to the cloud computing architecture Model Soon after, other significant corporations followed suit Amazon We Services, which provides online services to other websites or clients, was started in 2006 Amazon Mechanical Turk, one of Amazon We Services' sites, offers a variety of cloud-based services such as storage computing and "human intelligence." The Google Docs service was introduced the same year Google Docs was built on the foundations of two different products, Google Spreadsheets and Writely Google should develop Writely, which allows renters to store documents, update them, and upload them to a tracking system IBM was founded in 1947 Google and many institutions collaborated to create a server farm for research projects that required both fast processors and large data collections The University of Washington was the first to sign up for and use IBM and Google resources Carnegie Mellon University, MIT, Stanford University, the University of Maryland, and the University of California, Berkeley was fast to follow suit iii 2010 and beyond (Foote, 2022) Although private clouds were introduced in 2008, they are still in the early stages of development and are not widely used Concerns regarding the insecurity of public clouds are a powerful motivator for the usage of private clouds By 2010, firms such as Amazon Web Services, Microsoft, and OpenStack had created fully working private clouds In 2011, the notion of hybrid clouds was established A certain level of interoperability is required between a private and public cloud, as well as the ability to move workloads back and forth between the two clouds At the time, relatively few businesses had systems capable of doing so, despite the fact that many desired to because of the tools and storage that public clouds could provide IBM created the IBM SmartCloud architecture in 2011 to assist Smarter Planet Then Apple introduced iCloud, which focuses on keeping more personal information P3 Define an appropriate deployment model for a given scenario I Four deployment model: The model has four deployments: • Private Cloud • Hybrid Cloud • Public Cloud • Community Cloud Compare four cloud Deployment Models: Public Private Community Hybrid Ease of use and setup Easy Requires IT proficiency Requires IT proficiency Requires IT proficiency Privacy and security of data Low High Comparatively high High Control of data Little to none High Comparatively high Comparatively high Reliability Vulnerable High Comparatively high High Flexibility and scalability High High Fixed capacity High Cost-intensive, the most expensive one Cost is shared among community members Cheaper than a private model but Costeffectiveness The cheapest one more costly than a public one Demand for hardware made in-house II No Depends Depends Depends Deployment model for ATN Company: Despite the fact that ATN is a large company with a high-productivity product chain, the company's stability, cost savings, ability to Great scalability, and flexibility make it an ideal solution to the issue raised in the article.Rapid Deployment The Public Cloud can be deployed in a matter of hours.A public cloud can be an option because it is managed by an external provider like Amazon Web Services or the Cloud Server of Viettel IDC in Vietnam, which is used by millions of people every day.appropriate for ATN.However, due to the fact that data is frequently stored in a single location, it is technically less secure than Private Cloud or Colocation.However, the public cloud is significantly safer when the appropriate information security measures are in place V COMPARE THE SERVICE MODELS FOR CHOOSING AN ADEQUATE MODEL FOR A GIVEN SCENARIO (P4) Service models (IBM, 2022) The three most popular forms of cloud service delivery are IaaS PaaS and SaaS (They are also known as cloud service models or cloud computing service models) IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS not have to be mutually exclusive Many mid-sized organizations employ many, and the majority of big enterprises use all three Figure 11: CLOUD SERVICE MODELS The term “as a service” refers to how computing assets are used in these services as well as the key difference between cloud computing and conventional computing Traditional IT uses computer hardware system software development tools and applications by purchasing installing administering and maintaining them in its own on-premises data center Cloud service providers that own manage and maintain cloud computing assets; consumers use them through an Internet connection and pay for them y subscription or y pay-as-you-go Figure 12: IaaS, PaaS, SaaS i IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) IaaS is on-demand access to cloud-hosted computing infrastructure (servers storage and network resources) that customers can build configure and use the same way they use on-premises hardware The cloud service provider on the other hand hosts operates and maintains the hardware and computer resources in its own data centers IaaS users access the hardware over an internet connection and pay for it via a subscription or pay-as-you-go model Figure 13: INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE BENEFITS OF IaaS: Compared to traditional computing IaaS allows customers to build up computing resources as needed and scale them up or down in response to traffic spikes or slowdowns Customers can avoid the upfront costs and costs of purchasing and operating their own on-premises data centers y using IaaS It also avoids the perennial trade-off between the waste of having additional capacity in place to accommodate spikes and the poor performance or crashes that can result from insufficient capacity to support the surge spikes or unexpected traffic • Increased Availability: With IaaS a business can quickly set up multiple servers even in other regions to maintain availability during local outages or natural disasters • Lower latency means better performance IaaS customers can ring applications and services closer to consumers to reduce latency and optimize performance as IaaS providers often operate data centers in other countries together • Increased responsiveness Customers can provision resources in minutes quickly test new ideas and quickly deploy new ideas to others • Complete protection With a high degree of security in place in data centers and through encryption companies can often benefit from more sophisticated security and protection than they could provide if their infrastructure The cloud tier is hosted internally • Improve access to best-in-class technologies Cloud providers compete y providing the latest technology to their users; IaaS customers can use these technologies sooner (and cheaper) than they can on-premises ii PaaS (Platform as a Service) PaaS is a cloud-based platform for building deploying and managing applications A cloud service provider that hosts manage and maintains all of the platform’s hardware and software including servers (for development testing and deployment) operating systems (OS), software, storage, networking, databases, middleware, runtimes, frameworks and development tools as well as security operating system and software upgrades backups and services is different Figure 14: PLATFORM AS A SERVICE BENEFITS OF PaaS: The fundamental advantage of PaaS is that it enables clients to design, test, deploy, run, update, and grow applications more rapidly and cost-effectively than if they had to construct and manage their own on-premises platform • Time to market is reduced because PaaS allows development teams to spin up development, testing, and production environments in minutes rather than weeks or months • Testing and adoption of new technologies with little to no risk: PaaS platforms often provide access to a wide range of the most recent resources up and down the application stack This enables businesses to test new operating systems, languages, and other tools without having to spend much in them or the infrastructure necessary to operate them • PaaS, as a cloud-based service, provides a shared software development environment, allowing development and operations teams to use all of the tools they require from anywhere with an Internet connection • A more scalable method: Organizations may use PaaS to acquire additional capacity for creating, testing, staging, and executing applications as needed • PaaS offloads infrastructure management, patches, updates, and other administrative responsibilities to the cloud service provider, resulting in less to maintain iii SaaS (Software as a Service) SaaS is application software that is hosted in the cloud and is ready to use Users pay a monthly or yearly charge to access a full program using a web browser, desktop client, or mobile app The SaaS vendor hosts and manages the application as well as all of the infrastructure necessary to deliver it (servers, storage, networking, middleware, application software, and data storage) Figure 15: SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE BENEFITS OF SaaS: The primary advantage of SaaS is that it transfers all infrastructure and application supervision to the SaaS vendor All the user needs to is sign up for an account, pay the cost, and begin using the program Everything else is handled by the vendor, from server hardware and software preservation to managing user access and security, storing and managing data, applying updates and patches, and so on • Infinitesimal risk: Many SaaS companies include a free trial period or modest monthly fees, allowing consumers to test the software to determine if it meets their needs with little or no financial risk • Productivity may be achieved at any time and from any location by using SaaS apps on any device that has a browser and an internet connection • Scalability is straightforward: Adding users is as simple as registering and paying for new seats; clients may purchase more data storage for a little fee Service model for ATN application: PaaS Each model has its own set of benefits and drawbacks Based on my research of the provided scenario, I determined that Platform as a Service (PaaS) is the best solution for ATN since it provides a foundation for developers to build on and utilize to construct unique applications The distinction between PaaS and SaaS is that SaaS only hosts completed cloud applications, whereas PaaS provides a development platform for both completed and ongoing cloud applications PaaS provides an environment in which ATN may design and deploy apps without having to know how much memory or how many processors their application would need The PaaS paradigm benefits ATN in all phases of software development, from planning to design to application development to deployment and maintenance PAAS enables ATN to build and develop applications that are incorporated into the PAAS using unique software components known as middleware that are scalable and highly available as they adopt cloud characteristics • Agile applications may be developed and deployed • Can concentrate on critical corporate resources without having to worry about infrastructure costs • A PaaS provider's platforms are upgraded versions that are updated on a regular basis, allowing applications to be created using the greatest technology • Increases productivity while decreasing development time It is not necessary for the developer to understand the backend procedures of the cloud platform environment There are several cloud service providers, including Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure, Amazon Web Services, and others However, for an ATN scenario, I would prefer Heroku, a Platform-as-a-Service option It is widely regarded as simple to use and now supports a variety of programming languages such as Java, Node.js, Scala, Python, PHP, and others This implies that ATN, regardless of their preferred development language, may turn to Heroku for a low-cost approach to scale their application Heroku, on the other side, manages and runs apps, eliminating the need to handle operating systems or other internal system setups We never have to think about servers using Heroku Heroku wraps all of the server's complexity behind a user-friendly web-based interface Deployments are as simple as a click away once your app is up and operating on the platform ATN may either utilize Heroku for free, which includes not only the service itself but also a slew of add-ons, or they can pay as they go on a monthly basis VI DEMONSTRATE THESE DEPLOYMENT MODELS WITH REAL WORLD EXAMPLES (M2) Public Cloud The most common way to implement cloud computing is through public clouds An external cloud service provider owns and operates cloud resources (such as servers and storage), which are offered through the Internet Amazon, Google, Microsoft, IBM, Oracle, and others offer public cloud services Hundreds or thousands of individuals share resources The public cloud infrastructure of Google Cloud Platform is part of Google's cloud storage public service Public cloud services include Gmail and Google Drive An email account, for example, is protected by a password, and the hardware on which it is housed is shared by millions The following are the many services offered by public cloud providers in the market: • Microsoft Azure ExpressRoute • Google Cloud Interconnect • AWS Direct Connect • Blue cloud by IBM • Alibaba Cloud Figure 16: PUBLIC CLOUD PROVIDERS Every cloud service provider provides a variety of services and suites over a broad range of service categories Storage, computing, containers, and serverless are a few of the major categories These categories are almost identical, and utilization is determined by the user's awareness GCP, Azure, and AWS are a few of the accessible product possibilities Private Cloud Software that sits on top of a customer's existing software Most beneficial for businesses who have just upgraded their hardware Purchased as part of a hardware/software combo Ideal for clients that want an out-of-the-box basic private cloud solution Bundles of hardware and software that exist on the client's premises but are controlled by a vendor The provider provides help, maintenance, and upgrades that provide the user with the benefits of a private ) cloud while transferring responsibility for its operation to the provider • HP data center • Elastra Private Cloud • Microsoft Private Cloud • Ubuntu Figure 17: PRIVATE CLOUD EXAMPLE Hybrid Cloud To make Cisco's hybrid cloud for Google Cloud operate, applications are packed across data centers provided by Cisco and Google Cloud Platform, which is run by Kubernetes and Istio Kubernetes is used to manage cloud containers, whereas Istio connects, manages, and secures the microservices that are used to construct confined applications The Cisco platform makes use of VPN management to develop a safe and competent system that works in conjunction with servers (servers and clouds) By collaborating with Google VPC traffic records and local circumstances, Stealth Watch Cloud has an active security chain and chain discovery Since then, the technicians have only needed to focus on structural applications Figure 18: CISCO AND GOOGLE HYBRID CLOUD When paired with the local Kubernetes Administration Directory, Cisco Cloud Center, the open service broker, and Istio enable the provision of security for horizontal micro services on both the premises and Google Cloud The ability to explore your on-premises apps and data for the open cloud is the key breakthrough of Cisco's hybrid cloud platform for Google Cloud Community Cloud Community Cloud solutions have been established by cloud providers, and some groups are already reaping the benefits An excellent example is the specialized IBM SoftLayer cloud for federal agencies in the United States Community Cloud can be used by government institutions in the United States that have comparable security, audit, and privacy needs Users are confident enough to invest in the platform for their initiatives because it is community-based Figure 19: SALESFORCE COMMUNITY CLOUD A community cloud is a cloud environment that is shared by several entities who are part of the same community As a private cloud, it is similar to a public cloud environment with defined security and privacy standards States, health-care organizations, and even huge industrial corporations are all instances of group clouds These are clouds that collaborate to form a huge "community-based" cloud environment VII REFERENCES Stouchlighting.com 2022 Lighting as a Service (LaaS): How it relates to LED retrofits [online] Available at: https://www.stouchlighting.com/blog/lighting-as-a-service laas October 5, [Accessed 2022] [online] Available at: https://www.dreamstime.com/stock-photo-cost-reduction-word-cloud-concept- greybackground-image88534160 [Accessed October 5, 2022] [online] Available at: https://www.avsystem.com/blog/saas-software-as-a-service/ [Accessed October 5, 2022] [online] Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/A-reference-model-for-the-delivery-of- cloudcomputing-services_fig2_330359722 [Accessed October 5, 2022] [online] Available at: https://toidicodedao.com/2018/10/23/so-sanh-iaas-paas-saas-la-gi/ [Accessed October 5, 2022] [online] Available at: https://www.javatpoint.com/types-of-cloud [Accessed October 5, 2022] [online] Available at: https://www.javatpoint.com/cloud-computing-architecture 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