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ASSIGNMENT FRONT SHEET Qualification TEC Level HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title Unit 43: Internet of Things Submission date 12/12/2022 Re-submission Date Date Received 1st submission Date Received 2nd submission Student Name DAO VINH KHANG Student ID GCS200222 Class GCS0905B Assessor name HO VAN HAI Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the conseq that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice uences of plagiarism I understand Student’s signature Grading grid P5 P6 P7 M5 M6 D3 D4 Summative Feedback: Grade: Resubmission Feedback: Assessor Signature: Date: Internal Verifier’s Comments: Signature & Date: Table of Contents Introduction Task 1: Develop the IoT application I Give out for your selection an appropriate set of tools, frameworks, devices for your solution II Develop your solution, write down your sketch and upload it on your devices 14 III Testing results 17 Task 2: Test and evaluate the user feedback 20 I User feedback 20 II Critical review and compare 25 III Give out the plan for next version 25 Conclusion 25 References 26 List of Figures Figure 1: NodeMCU Figure 2: Soil moisture sensor Figure 3: Relay Arduino Figure 4: Breadboard 11 Figure 5: Arduino IDE 12 Figure 6: Block Diagram 13 Figure 7: Realistic circuit 14 Figure 8: Blynk server 15 Figure 9: Blynk App 15 Figure 10: Automatic watering system based on soil moisture 16 Figure 11: Result 16 Figure 12: Result 17 Figure 13: Survey question 19 Figure 14: Survey question 19 Figure 15: Survey question 20 Figure 16: Survey result 20 Figure 17: Survey result 21 Figure 18: Survey result 21 Figure 19: Survey result 22 Figure 20: Survey result 22 Introduction In agriculture today, there has been a development, but there are still not many scientific and technical applications applied in practice Many technical processes of cultivation and care are conducted subjectively, and not guarantee the correct requirements It can be said that in agronomy, in addition to cultivation and care techniques, watering and increasing the photosynthetic time of plants is one of the most important stages of cultivation to ensure normal growth and development of plants Proper and sufficient irrigation according to the agronomic requirements of the crop will not tolerate pests and diseases, limit pesticides for safe products, achieve high productivity and efficiency Automatic watering system combined with remote monitoring via phone is the best auxiliary equipment system to meet the growth needs of plants, being widely applied in developing countries The system has also become more popular with rural farmers along with the process of rural modernization and industrialization but has not yet dared to put it into use because of its high cost Understanding the above urgent need and wanting to contribute their efforts to reduce the burden on farmers, the group decided to choose: “Build an automatic irrigation system based on soil moisture and monitor from remotely via phone” to the group's topic Task 1: Develop the IoT application I Give out for your selection an appropriate set of tools, frameworks, devices for your solution We planned to develop an automatic watering device based on soil moisture This is a smart sensor circuit device that is plugged directly into the ground Users can set when the soil is dry, the sensor will automatically activate the relay, and at this time the water pump will work to pump water for the plants, when there is enough water, the sensor will automatically be activated to stop the pump motion With a soil moisture sensor that controls automatic watering, users will be extremely reassured that their vegetable garden and garden will always be taken care of and watered regularly without losing water due to too high temperature The product works extremely stable and is the choice to replace the watering timer device Hardware On the basis of analyzing the system requirements, we will choose the appropriate hardware components such as: a NodeMCU NodeMCU V1.0 is developed based on ESP8266EX WiFi Chip inside Module With a few touches, ESP-12E quickly establishes a WiFi connection Additionally, the board incorporates IC CP2102, which makes it simple to control the board via Micro USB Additionally, there are buttons and LEDs at your disposal to make the process of learning and research easier (Dutta and Khurana, 2021) Flexible boards are easily connected to peripheral devices because to their small size, allowing projects and product samples to be created fast Figure 1: NodeMCU SPECIFICATIONS ESP8266 NodeMCU V1 WIFI Transceiver BOARD • Chip: ESP8266EX Wifi SoC • WiFi band: 2.4 GHz 802.11 b/g/n standard • Firmware version: NodeMCU V1.0 • • Operating voltage: 3.3V Input voltage: 5V ) • Number of I/O pins: 11 (all I/O pins have Interrupt/PWM/I2C/One-wire, except D0) • Number of Analog Input pins: (maximum input voltage 3.3V) • Flash Memory: 4MB Figure 4: Breadboard Parameter: • 830 Holes • With dual power rails • Hole Size: 2.54mm • Double-sided tape on the reverse side • Interlocking for larger accessories • Dimensions: 165x55 mm • Weight: 77g Software a Arduino IDE According to Banzi (2009) The Arduino software (IDE), developed by arduino.cc, is an integrated development environment that is open source and used to program the Arduino boards Permit programming and uploading to Arduino boards It also included a number of libraries and a collection of sample mini projects 12 Figure 5: Arduino IDE b Blynk Blynk is an application running on iOS and Android platforms to control and monitor devices via the internet (Seneviratne, 2018) Blynk is not tied to specific hardware, instead, it supports hardware of your choice such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, ESP8266 and many other popular hardware modules There are three main components in the platform: • Blynk App - allows to create the interface of your product by dragging and dropping different widgets that the supplier has designed • Blynk Server - responsible for central data processing between phones, tablets and hardware You can use Blynk's provided Blynk Cloud or create your own Blynk server Since this is open source, you can easily Integrate into devices and can even use Raspberry Pi as your server 13 • Library Blynk – support for almost all popular hardware platforms – allows to communicate with the server and process all incoming and outgoing commands Functions: Provides the same API & UI for all supported devices and hardware Connect to the server using Wifi for our project The utilities on the interface are easy to use by the provider Direct drag and drop interface without writing code Easily integrate and add new functionality using the virtual gateways built into the blynk app Data history tracking Device-to-device communication using Widgets II Develop your solution, write down your sketch and upload it on your devices Block Diagram: 14 Figure 6: Block Diagram Working principle: Auto mode • The sensor receives the humidity signal on the NodeMCU's A0 pin => Displayed on Blynk • via Value Display (V1) • Then send signal to NodeMCU to execute bound commands Mode Manual • Control the relay on and off via BlinkApp with button (V9) • On: Output HIGH signal to pin D2 on NodeMCU to close relay to open machine • pump • Off: Output LOW signal to pin D2 on NodeMCU to close the shutdown relay pump Realistic circuit 15 Figure 7: Realistic circuit Blynk interface on server Figure 8: Blynk server Blynk interface on app 16 Figure 9: Blynk App Figure 10: Automatic watering system based on soil moisture III Testing results The system is controlled through the Blynk app, the soil moisture is displayed on the app, when the humidity is low, the pump will turn on to automatically water the plants When the hiddenness is satisfactory, the pump turns off Thus, the plant is absorbed enough water, helping the healthy growth process 17 Figure 11: Result When the device works, the soil moisture sensor measures low soil moisture, the sensor activates the relay, and at this time the water pump will work to pump water for the plants 18 Video demo: Advantage The use of automatic watering systems to care for and water the garden, indoor green space brings a lot of benefits Garden care becomes easier and more convenient: • Save water: automatic irrigation systems can help reduce water up to 60% compared to manual irrigation This helps users cut down on their monthly water bills significantly • Helps plants absorb enough water to grow normally, bringing high yields • Create value for the work: you may not know, the landscape of a building accounts for 20% of the total value of the work A good and correct irrigation system makes the landscape more attractive and thereby creates value • Save time: Time is money, and time is precious An automatic irrigation system will take care of the plants in your yard for you, at that time you can take care of your family or implement creative) ideas • Significant labor savings compared to manual irrigation • The system is a fixed investment, ensuring a long life for the equipment used in irrigation Disadvantage • It is easy to clog the nozzle if the filter is not cleaned regularly • The soil moisture sensor is prone to rust after a period of time, affecting the accuracy of the soil moisture measurement process • The type of plant watering device that delivers water to each plant, watering directly to the surface of the soil, not the leaves, so it is suitable for irrigation: o Plants with strong roots and absorbing water and nutrients through their roots such as perennial fruit trees, citrus trees, woody industrial plants such as cashew, coffee, pepper o Ornamental plants grown in the family's home or garden or terrace, can be used in the standard form of this high-end genuine drip irrigation system o Plant lines with high drought tolerance and planting in the dry season 19 o Plants grown on infertile lands such as typical mountain slopes and hillsides such as custard apple, plum or apple trees, etc • Requires large and large water flow Task 2: Test and evaluate the user feedback I User feedback To help automatic watering system based on soil moisture, we conducted a survey The survey aims to collect the best information about the system, thereby serving as a basis for analyzing and building a new system to solve the system's shortcomings So, the required survey includes the following objectives: - Access to professional expertise and operating environment of automatic watering systems - Learn the roles, functions, tasks and how the system works - Point out the limitations and inadequacies of the system that need to be changed problems of the system that need to be studied and changed 20 Identify the Figure 13: Survey question Figure 14: Survey question 21 Figure 15: Survey question We conducted the survey and got the results from everyone: The majority of surveyors found that automatic watering through soil moisture is a useful system, a product that brings a lot of value to consumers Figure 16: Survey result 22 The benefits of an automatic watering system are appreciated by everyone, the most obvious one is Improving crop productivity by always taking the initiative and providing adequate and timely water and fertilizer for crops reaching 72 7%, followed by Water Saving: this is the highlight that is easy to see from this technology due to water with 54.5% and finally Reduce labor to minimum for watering and fertilizing for crops with 36.4% Figure 17: Survey result Seeing the practicality and accuracy of this system is also appreciated during use Figure 18: Survey result 23 Thanks to the advantages and practicality of the product, it is believed that everyone can see the potential of this system in the future It will be a necessary system to help people in the process of taking care of crops to bring the best quality crop yield Figure 19: Survey result The last and most important part of the survey is to point out the points that need to be fixed with this device Figure 20: Survey result 24 II Critical review and compare Based on feedbacks, it is found that this device is necessary for users in the process of taking care of plants Saving time, money also promotes the growth and development of plants, bringing high yielding plants And the device also met 80% of expectations There are still some points that need to be fixed to make the system more perfect Besides these advantages, our products still have some problems that need to be overcome The most important part of the system is the soil moisture sensor, and the main concern is that soil moisture is sometimes inaccurately measured due to the influence of air humidity This will affect the watering process of the plant, the worst result if the tree lacks or excess water can cause the tree to die In addition, when exposed to soil and water for a long time, the sensor may also have an error due to rust or even failure Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to protect the sensor device The design also needs improvement Assembling the system is still quite confusing, not neat To secure the whole plant including the root and leaves, a sprinkler can be installed for irrigation, but it still depends on the type of crop III Give out the plan for next version For the limitations of the system, there are several alternative methods To ensure the accuracy of the system, the soil moisture sensor should be regularly checked, if there are signs of damage, it needs to be replaced However, this is not a good solution because when applying the system on a large area, it will take time and money for this problem Instead, a soil moisture sensor with anti-corrosion probe can be used to further ensure the quality of the system Besides, combined with a drip sprayer so that water is supplied to the entire plant from root to tip At the same time, this is also a measure to help save water compared to using pipes to lead water to each root Another important thing is that the whole system should have a device to protect against changes in the external environment such as damage to wires or other hardware Conclusion Through this report, I have a better understanding of the appropriate set of tools, frameworks, devices I know how to work as a team As the team leader, I and my team members completed an automatic 25 watering system based on soil moisture All are controlled remotely via an app installed on the phone called Blynk This is an IoT-based system that makes caring for everyone's crops lighter and simpler We have successfully completed our project from planning, idea to product demo Although there are many shortcomings, it is certain that it will be improved in the future References Dutta, U and Khurana, N., 2021 The Internet of Things Using NODEMCU p.9 Ayoub, M., 2022 Internet of Things: A Hardware Development Perspective p.45 Banzi, M., 2009 Getting Started with Arduino p.6 Seneviratne, P., 2018 Hands-On Internet of Things with Blynk p.4 26