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number 4 Clauses, Sequence of tenses Exercise1 Choose the best the answer to complete these following sentences 1 He got wet he forgot his umbrella A because of B because C but D and 2 He stops workin[.]
Clauses, Sequence of tenses Exercise1 : Choose the best the answer to complete these following sentences He got wet he forgot his umbrella A because of B because C but D and He stops working _ heavy raining A in spite of B although C despite D because of They have a lot of difficulties in their life _their poverty A in spite of B although C because of D because Tom wakes his parents up _ playing the guitar very softly A because of B because C in spite of D although Nobody could hear her _ she spoke too quietly A although B because C because of D in spite of We decided to leave early _ the party was boring A although B despite C because D because of Many people believe him _ he often tells a lie A because B in spite of C although D because of _ she was very hard working, she hardly earned enough to feed her family A in spite of B because C because of D although her absence from class yesterday, she couldn’t understand the lesson A although B in spite of C because of D because 10 her poorness, she feels happy A although B because C in spite of D if 11 We all feel sad the bad news A because B because of C though D despite 12 John lost his job _ his laziness A because of B because C in spite D though 13 I went to the club last Saturday _ the heavy rain A because of B because C in spite D though 14 He has had his car _ six months A in B since C during D for 15 We can’t go to Julia’s party _ we’re going away that weekend A because B because of C although D in spite of 16 repeated assurances that the product is safe, many people have stopped buying it A by B despite C with D for 17 She walked home by herself, she knew that it was dangerous A because B although C and D but 18 _ his injuries, he bears no animosity towards his attackers A because of B but for C in spite of D without 19 I’ll see you after the show and give you £20 for the tickets, or _much they cost A whatever B nevertheless C besides D however 20 Mai worked hard, she passed her exam A so B although C because D though ● Một câu bao gồm mệnh đề (main clause) nhiều mệnh đề phụ (subordinate clause) Khi câu có mệnh đề trở lên, động từ phải có phối hợp Một số cách hịa hợp mệnh đề mệnh đề thời gian Main clause (Mệnh đề chính) Adverbial clause of time ( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian) Hiện Hiện Quá khứ Quá khứ Tương lai Tương lai Diễn tả hành động When xảy nối tiếp – Trong khứ: WHEN + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ đơn) eg: When he saw me, he smiled at me – Trong tương lai: WHEN + S + V (hiện đơn), S + V (tương lai đơn) eg: When I see him, I will remind him to call you Diễn tả hành động xảy có hành động khác – Trong khứ: WHEN S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn), eg: When I came to see her, she was cooking dinner – Trong tương lai: WHEN + S + V (hiện đơn), S + V (tương lai tiếp diễn) eg: When you come in, your bos will be waiting for you there xen vào Diễn tả hành động xảy xong tới hành động khác -Trong khứ: WHEN + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành) eg: When I arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off -Trong tương lai: WHEN + S + V (hiện đơn), S + V (tương lai hoàn thành) eg: When you return to the town, they will have finished building a new bridge AS SOON AS Diễn tả -Trong khứ hành động AS SOON AS + S+V (quá khứ đơn; khứ đơn) xảy nối eg: As soon as she saw a mouse, she shouted and ran away tiếp -Trong tương lai AS SOON AS + S+V (hiện đơn/ hoàn thành), S+ V (tương lai đơn) eg: I will call you as soon as I have finished/ finish the work SINCE BY+ TIME Diễn tả nghĩa ‘ từ khi’ Diễn tả hành động kết thúc tính đến thời điểm khứ/ tương lai S + V (hiện hoàn thành) + since + S + V (quá khứ đơn) eg: I haven't seen my old friends since we left school -Trong khứ By + trạng từ khứ + S+V (quá khứ hoàn thành) eg: By last month, we had worked for the company for years -Trong tương lai By + trạng từ tương lai + S+V (tương lai hoàn thành) eg: By next month, we will have worked for the company for years -Trong khứ Diễn tả nghĩa ‘vào lúc’ BY THE TIME + S+V (quá khứ đơn), S+V (quá khứ hoàn thành) eg: By the time you went to the cinema, the film had already started BY THE -Trong tương lai TIME BY THE TIME + S+V (hiện đơn), S+V (tương lai hoàn thành) eg: By the time you return, we will have bought a new house AT THIS/ Diễn tả THAT TIME hành động xảy thời điểm xác định QK/TLTL -Trong khứ AT THIS/ THAT TIME +trạng từ khứ + S +V (quá khứ tiếp diễn) eg: At p.m yesterday, we were learning English at school -Trong tương lai AT THIS/ THAT TIME + trạng từ tương lai +S+V (tương lai tiếp diễn) eg: At p.m tomorrow, we will be learning English at school Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions I your brother at Green Street yesterday afternoon A meet B.met C have met D had met He _a cigarette and _to the window A light; walked B lit; walks C.lighted; walked D lights; walks After she for help, she off her shoes and in to save him A shouted; took; jumped B had shouted; took; jumped C had shouted; had taken; jumped D shouted; had taken; jumped I can't go with you because I my homework yet A haven't finished B had finished C finished D finish He for London years ago and since then I him A have left; didn't see B.left; haven't seen C left; hadn't seen D had left; haven't seen The performance _at o'clock and _for hours We all it very much A had started; had lasted; enjoyed B had started; lasted; enjoyed C started; had lasted; enjoyed D started; lasted; enjoyed Tell them to stop and take a rest They long enough A have worked B had worked C have been working D had been working "You here before?" "Yes, I _my holidays here last year." A have you been; spended B have you been; spent C had you been; spent D were you; spent We _our housework by tomorrow evening A will finish B will have finished C will be finishing D are going to finish 10 "Your face is dirty, Tom."-"All right, I it." A am washing B am going to wash C will wash D will have washed 11 Coming into the room, he Mary where he her A see; left B.saw; had left C had seen; left D saw, was leaving 12 I _from him since he two years ago A hadn't heard; disappeared B haven't heard; disappeared C didn't hear, has disappeared D will not hear, disappears 13 After the guests she _back into the living-room and off the light A left; went; turned B had left; had gone; turned C have left; will got; turned D had left; went; turned 14 By the time you finish cooking they _their homework A will have finished C had finished B will finish D have finished 15 "You have just missed the last train." "Never mind I ” A will be walking B am going to walk C will walk D am walking Relative clauses replaced by present participles a The boy walking to Mrs Hoa is my classmate →The boy talking to Mrs Hoa is my classmate b Students who arrive late will not be permitted to enter the classroom →Students arriving late will not be permitted to enter the classroom *Rule: If the verbs in relative clauses has active meaning, it can be replaced by a present participle Relative clauses replaced by past participles a We live in a house which was built a long time ago →We live in a house built a long time ago b The city which was destroyed in the war has now been rebuilt → The city destroyed in the war has now been rebuilt *Rule: If the verbs in relative clauses has passive meaning, it can be replaced by a past participle Relative clauses replaced by infinitives a.John was the first person who came to class this morning →John was the first person to come to class this morning b.The last person who leaves the room must turn off the lights →The last person to leave the room must turn off the lights c.He was the youngest person who came to the meeting →He was the youngest person to come to the meeting *Rule: Relative clauses can be replaced by full infinitive after the first, the second, the last, the only and sometimes after superlatives B Practice Exercise 1: Combine the following sentences by using present participles (5 minutes) The street which lead to the school is very wide → The applicants who applied for the post were quite young → The boy who is playing the guitar is my teacher's son → Exercise 2: Combine the following sentences by using past participles (5 minutes) I saw many houses which were destroyed by the storm → The vegetables which are sold in this shop are grown without chemicals → The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting → Exercise 3: Combine the following sentences by using full infinitive (8 minutes) He was the first man who reached the top → You are the last person who saw her alive → My brother was the only one who realized the danger → The fifth man who was interviewed was entirely unsuitable → I have some letters that I must write → Exercise 4: Choose the best option by circling A, B, C, or D (10 minutes) Neil Armstrong was the first person _foot on the moon A set B setting C to set D who was set Many of the pictures _from outer space are presently on display in the public library A sent B sending C having sent D that sent Most of the people to the wedding banquet arrived late A who inviting B whom were invited C invited D invite The bridge _by French architects is very nice A was designed B designing C to design D designed Linda was the last student _at the oral exam A to be asked B.asking C.to ask D asks Choose ONE phrase for each of the following sentences by circling A, B, C, or D They _in that factory for three years - from 1995 to 1998 A are working B have been working C worked D have worked We _the television when the lights _out A were watching / were going B were watching / went C watched / went D watched / were going When I _In Ho Chi Minh city for ten years, I _a book A have been / write B have been / shall write C am / write D shall be / shall write I _ten records from Tom this month A have borrowed B borrow C am borrowing D have been borrowing He _a book while she the flowers A was reading / watered B was reading / was watering C is reading/watered D reads / was watering By the end of this year, my father for 40 years A will have been teaching B will be teaching C will teach D has been teaching He in space for 10 days by tomorrow A will travel B will be travellling C will have been travelling D has travelled He said he would visit me but he me yet A has not visited B had not visited C is not visiting D does not visit The weather fine so far this week A is B has been C was D had been 10 We had just got out of the car when it to set fire A has begun B had begun C was beginning D began