Đang tải... (xem toàn văn)
Đây là bộ tài liệu rất phù hợp cho giáo viên tiếng Anh sử dụng dạy thêm cho mọi đối tượng học sinh THCS và THPT cũng như ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT quốc gia. Mỗi đơn vị kiến thức đều có kèm theo rất nhiều bài tập áp dụng, đáp án đính kèm. Đặc biệt có cả phần thực hành cải thiện kỹ năng viết luận dành cho học sinh khá giỏi.
TABLE OF CONTENTS – NỘI DUNG MỤC TÊN CHUYÊN ĐỀ CHUYÊN ĐỀ I PHONETICS TÊN BÀI Bài Phonetic Symbols Bài Stress &Rules to mark stress Bài Nouns Bài Verbs Bài Adjectives TRANG 13 24 40 57 10 11 12 CHUYÊN ĐỀ II WORD-CLASSES Bài Adverbs Bài Articles Bài Prepositions Bài Synonym & Antonym Bài Sentence Elements Bài Tenses of Verbs Bài Emphasis 75 93 102 112 121 138 159 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 CHUYÊN ĐỀ III GRAMMAR Bài Gerunds Bài Infinitives Bài The Passive Voice Bài Indirect Speech Bài Subjunctives Bài Phrases vs Clauses Bài Conditional Sentences 172 187 201 216 231 242 252 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 CHUYÊN ĐỀ IV PHRASES VS CLAUSES Bài Relative Clauses Bài Phrases & Clauses of Purpose Bài Phrases & Clauses of Concession Bài Phrases & Clauses of Reason Bài Clauses of Causes and Effects Bài Adverbial Clauses of Time Bài Communicative Exchanges 268 281 290 300 310 319 331 27 28 CHUYÊN ĐỀ V WRITING SKILLS Bài Sentences Transformation Bài Paragraph & Essay Organizing 340 359 29 KEYS TO EXERCISES Đáp án tập thực hành 369 PHẦN I – CÁC CHUYÊN ĐỀ VÀ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH CHUYÊN ĐỀ I – PHONETICS CHUYÊN ĐỀ VỀ NGỮ ÂM Chuyên đề cung cấp kí hiệu phiên âm quốc tế nguyên âm (đơn, đôi, ba), phụ âm (vô thanh, hữu thanh), số chùm phụ âm, đặc biệt tuyển tập tập thực hành r ất hữu ích Trong chuyên đ ề này, kí hiệu phiên âm qu ốc tế sử dụng theo mẫu kí hiệu phiên âm quốc tế theo sách giáo khoa Tiếng Anh lớp 10, 11, 12 Nhà Xu ất Bản Giáo Dục năm 2006 Phần phiên âm t vị trí trọng âm thực thông qua việc tham khảo từ điển on-line MultiDictionary 9.0, Oxford Collocations Dictionary, hay Cambridge Dictionary, … Với mục đích phục vụ cho cơng tác giảng dạy ôn tập thi HSG ANH cấp, hình thức phiên âm việc xác định vị trí trọng âm mang tính tham khảo, s để giải tập thự c hành kèm theo, nhiên, tập thực hành kèm theo chuyên đề bao gồm từ vựng có liên quan đến chương trình tiếng Anh phổ thơng thường xuyên sử dụng đề thi BÀI PHONETIC SYMBOLS BẢ NG PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ The symbols vowel sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm nguyên âm): 1.1 The symbols of pure vowel sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm nguyên âm đơn): Symbols of the In letters sounds (Chữ (Kí hiệu thể âm) hiện) /І / a village /’vIlIdʒ/ / i: / /e/ e i y ea ee a e pretty /’prItI/ sit /sIt/ happy /’hæpI/ lead /li:d/ meet /mi:t/ many /’menI/ send /send/ Examples in words (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) package /’pækIdʒ/ represent little /’lItl/ easy /’i:zI/ seaside /’si:saId/ sheep /ʃi:p/ any/’enI/ recommend assemblage /ә’semblIdʒ/ deliver /di’livә(r)/ simple /’sImpl/ usually /’ju:ʊlI/ meaningful /’mi:nIŋfʊl/ steel /sti:l/ manifold /’menIfәʊld/ comprehend /rIkɔ’mend /kәmprI’hend/ Trang /æ/ /ɔ/ /ɔ:/ / / /ɑ:/ /ʊ/ or /u/ / u: / /ә/ ea a o a a aw oa oo or ou o head /hed/ land /lænd/ pot /pɔt / wash /wɔʃ / talk /tɔ:k/ saw /sɔ:/ broad /brɔ:d/ door /dɔ:(r)/ fork /fɔ:k/ fought /fɔ:t/ some /s m/ spread /spred/ brandy /’brændI/ spot /spɔt / what /wɔt / walk /wɔ:k/ lawn /lɔ:n/ broaden/’brɔ:dn/ floor /flɔ:(r)/ sport /spɔ:t/ thought /θɔ:t/ come /k m/ headache /‘hedeIk/ sandy /’sændI/ slot /slɔt / watch /wɔt ʃ/ water /’wɔ:t ә(r)/ pawn /pɔ:n/ abroad /ә’brɔ:d/ floorage /’flɔ:rIdʒ/ transport /’trænspɔ:t/ bought /bɔ:t/ done /d n/ u oo ou a shut /ʃ t/ blood /bl d/ tough /t f/ task /ta:sk/ muddy /’m d / flood /fl d/ enough /I’n f/ fast /fa:stk/ budget /’b dʒ t/ bloodless /bl dlIs/ rough /r f/ broadcast /br ɔ:d’ka:st/ ar ear u card /ka:d/ heart /ha:t/ p u ll /pʊl/ o g o d /gʊd/ could /kʊld/ frugal /’fru:gәl/ oo ou u oe oo ui a o er or er /з:/ ir ur or ear shoe /ʃu: / moon /mu:n/ fruit /fru:t/ await /ә’weIt/ tonight /tә’naIt/ reader /’ri:dәr/ actor /’æktәr/ prefer /prI’fз: r/ shirt /ʃз:t/ hurt /hз:t/ word /wз:d/ heard /hз:d/ I I hearten /’ha:tәn/ push /pʊʃ/ o c o k /kʊk/ would /wʊld/ conclude /kɔn’klu:d/ shoebill /’ʃu:bIl/ spoon /spu:n/ cruise /kru:s/ about /ә’baut/ potato /pә’teItәu/ writer /’raItәr/ doctor /’dɔktәr/ merchant /’mз:t ʃәnt/ skirt /skз:t/ further /’ʃз: ә/ work /wз:k/ earth /з:θ/ I farther /’fa: әr/ hearth /ha:θ/ pu llet /’pʊlet/ o l o k /lʊk/ should /ʃʊld/ illusion /I’lu:ʃn/ shoemaker /’ʃu:meIkәr/ smooth /smu:θ/ recruit /rI’kru:t/ machine /mә’ ʃi:n/ tomorrow /tә’mɔr әʊ/ cruiser /’kru:sәr/ translator /’trænsleItәr/ merciful /’mз:sIfʊl/ first /fз:st/ furnish /’ʃз:nIʃ/ worm /wз:m/ earthen /’з: θәn/ Trang The diphthongs and triphthongs (Các kí hiệu phiên âm ngun đơi, ba): Symbols In of the letters sounds (Chữ (Kí hiệu thể âm) hiện) a / eI / ay ei / aI / i y /ɔI/ oi oy / aʊ / /әʊ/ /Iә/ ou ow o ow ew ear ere Examples in words (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) case /keIs/ maid /meId/ say /seI/ eight /eIt/ kite /kaIt/ sky /skaI/ soil /sɔIl/ employ /Im’plɔI/ baby /’beIbI/ maiden /’meIdn/ clay /kleI/ eighthly /’eIθlI/ night /naIt/ fly /flaI/ coin /kɔIn/ enjoy /In’dʒɔI/ mouse /maʊs/ now /naʊ/ cold /kәʊld/ slow /slәʊ/ sew /sәʊ/ hear /hIә(r)/ here /hIә(r)/ mouth /maʊθ/ power /’paʊ әr/ scold /skәʊld/ flow /flәʊ/ sewing /’sәʊIŋ/ fear /fIә(r)/ merely /’mIәlI/ ere there / eә(r)/ are air our ire yre fare /feә(r)/ hair /heә(r)/ tour /tʊә(r)/ tire /taIә/ tyre /taIә/ therapy /’θeәr әpI/ share /ʃeә(r)/ fair /feә(r)/ tourer /tʊәrә/ fire /faIә/ tyreles /’taIәlIs/ buyer /baIә/ slower /slәʊә/ shower /ʃaʊә/ flour /flaʊә/ prayer /preIә/ flyer /flaIә/ slower /slәʊә/ power /paʊә/ sour /saʊә/ player /pleIә/ / eә / /ʊә/ / aIә / /әʊә/ / aʊә / / eIә / yer ower ower our ayer lazy /’leIzI/ maidenly /’meIdnlI/ play /pleI/ eiranic /eI’rænIk/ mine /maIn/ satisfy /’sætIsfaI/ spoil /spɔIl/ employment /Im’plɔImnt/ surround /sз:’raʊnd/ cowboy /’kaʊ bɔI/ fold /fәʊld/ show /ʃәʊ/ sewn /sәʊn/ near /nIә(r)/ atmosphere /’ætmɔsfIә(r)/ thereabout /’ eә r ә baʊt/ stare /steә(r)/ stairs /steә(r)s/ tourism /’tʊәrIzm/ firemen /’faIәmen/ tyre-pump /’taIә p mp / buyer /baIә/ slower /slәʊә/ flower /flaʊә/ flour /flaʊә/ sprayer /spreIә/ Trang /ɔIә/ eyer oyer oyal greyer /’greIә/ enjoyer /In’dʒɔIә/ loyal /’lɔIәl/ greyer /’greIә/ enjoyer /In’dʒɔIә/ loyalty /’lɔIәltI/ greyer /’greIә/ employer /Im’plɔIә/ loyal /’lɔIәl/ The symbols of the consonant sounds (Các kí hiệu phiên âm phụ âm): 2.1 The symbols of voiceless consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm phụ âm vô thanh): Symbols In of the letters sounds (Chữ (Kí hiệu thể âm) hiện) /p/ p f /f/ ph gh / / th /t/ t ed /s/ s c sh /ʃ/ ch / t∫ / /k/ /h/ Examples in words (Ví dụ c ụ thể từ) pen /pen/ five /faIv/ I I paint /peInt/ formal /’fɔ:mәl/ people /’pi:pәl/ family /’fæmIlI/ physician /f ’z kʃn/ enough /I’n f/ thunder /’θ ndә(r)/ temple /’tempәl/ laughed /la:ft/ sandy /’sændI/ century /’sentʃʊrI/ sheet /ʃi:t/ chaise /ʃeIz/ physical /f ’z kәl/ rough /r f/ sixth /sIksθ/ tittle /’taItәl/ stopped /stɔpt/ sample /’sæmpәl/ cell /sel/ English /’IŋlIʃ/ champagne /ʃæm’peIn/ sugary /’ʃʊg әr I/ church /tʃз:t ʃ/ future / 'fju:t∫ә/ kiss /kIs/ cancel /’kænsәl/ sure /’ʃʊә(r)/ chimney /’tʃImnI/ question / 'kwest∫n/ king /kIŋ/ comedy /’k medI/ I I I I s ch t k c physics /’f z ks/ laugh /la:f/ throw /θr әʊ/ teach /ti:tʃ/ looked /lʊkt/ site /saIt/ centre /’sentә/ sheep /ʃi:p/ machine /mә’ ʃi:n/ sugar /’ʃʊg ә/ choice /tʃɔIs/ fixture /'fIkst∫ә/ kitchen/’kItʃn/ concert ch /kɔn’sз:t/ chemist chemistry chemical /’kemIkәl/ q /’kemIst/ quite /kwaIt/ /’kemIstrI/ question / 'kwest∫n/ conquest /’kɔŋkwest/ h wh hike /haIk/ whoop /hu:p/ hunger /’h ŋgә(r)/ whose /hu:z/ homeless /’hәʊmlIs/ wholesale /’hɔʊlseIl/ Trang 2.2 The symbols of voiced consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm phụ âm hữu thanh): Symbols In of the letters sounds (Chữ (Kí hiệu thể âm) hiện) /b/ b boy /bɔI/ /v/ v visit /’vIzIt/ f of /әv/ / / /d/ /z/ /ʒ/ / dʒ / /g/ /l/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /r/ /w/ /j/ /ф/ mute cases Examples in words (Ví dụ c ụ thể từ) bamboo /bæm’bu:/ band /bænd/ van /væn/ victory /’vIktәrI/ of /әv/ of /әv/ th d ed z s s g j them / әm/ done /d n/ lived /’lIvd/ zebra /’zi:brә/ visit /’vIzIt/ vision /’vIʒn/ germ /dʒз:m/ jam /dʒæm/ with /wI / doctor /’dɔktә(r)/ earned /з:nd/ zip /zIp/ visual /’vIzjʊәl/ usual /’jʊʒʊәl/ gene /dʒi:n/ jam /dʒæz/ though / әʊ/ dancer /’dænsә(r)/ cancelled /’kænsәld/ zealot /’zelәt/ teachers /ti:tʃәz/ usually /’jʊʒʊәlI/ age /eIdʒ/ joyful /dʒɔIfʊl/ g l m n n ng r w wh y u gift /gIft/ little /’lItәl/ monk /mɔŋk/ name /neIm/ think /θIŋk/ sing /sIŋ/ rural /’rʊәr әl/ with /wI / when /wen/ young /j ŋ/ music /’mju:sIk/ gain /geIn/ lamp /læmp/ mammal /’mæmәl/ number /n mbә/ thank /θæŋk/ thing /θIŋ/ ring /rIŋ/ wine /waIn/ whistle /’wIsәl/ yearly /’jIәlI/ unit /’ju:nIt/ h k honest /’ɔ:nIst/ knight /na t/ hour /aʊә/ knit /n t/ girl /gз:l/ light /laIt/ Monday /’m ndeI/ noise /nɔIs/ sink /sIŋk/ ceiling /’si:lIŋ/ reader /’ri:dә/ wing /wIŋ/ whisper /’wIspә/ youth /ju:θ/ university /ju:nI’v з:sItI/ heir /aIә/ known /nɔʊn/ b p comb /kɔʊm/ pneumonia I /njʊ’mɔ:nIә/ I I psychology debt /det/ psychiatrist /saI’kɔ:lɔ dʒI/ /saI’kIәtrIst/ climb /kla m/ Trang 2.3 The clusters of consonants (Kí hiệu phiên âm chùm phụ âm): Symbols In of the letters sounds (Chữ (Kí hiệu thể âm) hiện) / sp / / st / / sk / / s+ / / sf / / sm / / sn / / sw / / sj / / p+ / / t+ / / k+ / / b+ / / g+ / / d+ / / f+ / Examples in words (Ví dụ cụ thể từ) speak /spi:k/ start /sta:t/ school /skʊl/ sphere /sf ә/ small /smɔl/ snow /snәʊ/ sweet /swi:t/ super /sjʊp ә/ I / pl / / pr / / pj / / tr / / tw / plump /pl mp/ proud /praʊd/ pure /pjʊә/ train /treIn/ twice /twaIs/ / tj / / kl / / kr / / kw / / kj / / bl / / br / / bj / / gl / / gr / / dr / / dw / / dj / / fl / / fr / tube /tjʊb/ class /kla:s/ cream /kri:m/ quite /kwaIt/ cure /kjʊә/ blow /blәʊ/ bring /brIŋ/ beauty /’bjʊtI/ glass /gla:s/ grow /grәʊ/ dream /dri:m/ dwell /dwel/ duty /’djʊtI/ flow /flәʊ/ fry /fraI/ / fj / furious /’fjʊrIәs/ spoil /spɔIl/ stand /stænd/ skill /skIl/ spheral /sfIә rәl/ smash /smæʃ/ sneeze /sni:z/ speaker /’spi:kә/ stay /steI/ scan /skæn/ biosphere /baIә’sfIә/ smell /smel/ sneaky /’sni:kI/ swim /swIm/ superadd /’sjʊp әræd/ apply /ә’plaI/ propose /’prɔpәʊs/ purely /’pjʊәlI/ treat /tri:t/ twerp /twз:p/ tubal /’tjʊ:bәl/ clean /kli:ns/ cry /kraI/ quit /kwIt/ cute /kjʊt/ blame /bleIm/ bride /braId/ beautify /’bjʊtIfaI/ glim /glIm/ great /greIt/ dread /dred / dweller /’dwelә/ dutiful /’djʊtIfʊl/ fly /flaI/ fright /fraIt/ few /fjʊ/ swan /swɔn/ superably /’sjʊp әreIblI/ please /pli:s/ produce /prә’djʊs/ purify /’pjʊr әfaI/ treatment /tri:tmәnt/ twicer /’twaIsә/ tuber /’tjʊ:bә/ clame /kleIm/ creative /kri:’e ItIv/ quest /kwest/ cutely /kjʊtlI/ bleach /bli:tʃ/ bridge /brIdʒ/ beautiful /’bjʊtIfʊl/ glance /gla:ns/ groom /gru:m/ dreadful /’dredfʊl/ dwelt /dwel/ dutifully /’djʊtIfʊlI/ flame /fleIm/ fridge /frIdʒ/ furiously /’fjʊrIәslI/ Trang / +/ Các kết hợp khác / r/ throw /θr әʊ/ / w/ thwart / wæt/ / vj / view /vjʊ/ / mj / mute /mjʊt/ / ∫r / shrimp /∫rImp/ / nj / nude /njʊd/ / spr / spread /spred/ / spl / splash /splæʃ/ / skr / scream /scri:m/ / str / stream /stri:m/ / skj / scuba /’skjʊb ә/ / stj / student /’stjʊdnt/ / spj / spume /spjʊ:m/ / skw / square /skweә/ through /θru:/ thwack / wæk/ interview /’Intә vjʊ/ mutual /mjʊtʊәl/ shriek /∫ri:k/ nudist /’njʊdIst/ sprawl /sprɔ:l/ splat /splæt/ scree /scri: / strawy /strɔ: I/ scuba /’skjʊb ә/ stupid /’stjʊpId/ threat /θret/ thwack / wæk/ preview /prI’vjʊ/ music /mjʊzIk/ shrill /∫rIl/ nudism /’njʊdIzm/ spray /spreI/ splashy /splæʃI/ screen /scri:n/ streak /stri:k/ scuba /’skjʊb ә/ studio /’stjʊdIәʊ/ spue /spjʊ:/ squarer /’skweәr ә/ spumous /spjʊ:mәs/ squander /’skwɔd ә/ BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH Exercise 1: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 A candy A earning A pays A given A cough A accident A this A gas A bought A forks A handed A car A within A has A kites A student A wealth B sandy B learning B stays B risen B tough B jazz B thick B gain B naught B tables B booked B coach B without B bag B catches B stupid B cloth C many C searching C says C ridden C rough C stamp C bath C germ C plough C beds C translated C century C clothing C dad C oranges C study C with D handy D clearing D plays D whiten D enough D watch D thin D good D thought D windows D visited D cooperate D strengthen D made D buzzes D studio D marathon Trang 10 18 A brilliant 19 A surgeon 20 A feather B trip B agent B leather C tripe C engine C feature D tip D regard D measure Exercise 2: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group A geology A idiom A children A both A helped A name A blood A comb A thick 10 A flour 11 A dictation 12 A dew 13 A asked 14 A smells 15 A decided 16 A head 17 A blood 18 A height 19 A through 20 A fought B psychology B ideal B child B myth B booked B natural B food B plumb B though B hour B repetition B knew B helped B cuts B hatred B break B tool B fine C classify C item C mild C with C hoped C native C moon C climb C thank C pour C station C sew C kissed C opens C sacred C bread C moon C tidy D photography D identical D wild D sixth D waited D nation D pool D disturb D think D sour D question D few D played D plays D warned D breath D spool D cliff B them B country C threaten C bought D thunder D ought Exercise 3: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group 10 A moon A any A book A pan A table A host A dear A work A name A how B pool B apple B blood B woman B lady B most B beard B coat B flame B town door C hat C look C sad C labor C cost C beer C go C man C power cool D cat D foot D man D captain D post D heard D know D fame D slow Trang 11 11 A harm B wash C call D talk 12 A brought B ought C thought D though 13 A call B curtain C cell D contain 14 A measure B decision C pleasure D permission 15 A drought B fought C brought D bought 16 A builds B destroys C occurs D prevents 17 A deal B teach C break D clean 18 A supported B approached C noticed D finished 19 A unity B suite C studious D volume 20 A climber B subtle C debtor D probable Exercise 4: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group A loved B appeared C agreed D coughed A thereupon B thrill C threesome D throne A chin B chaos C child D charge A wasted B practiced C laughed D jumped A coast B most C lost D whole A energy B gain C gesture D village A population B nation C question D station A meat B sweat C leaf D seat A antibiotic B pant C hand D want 10 A height B myth C type D climb 11 A bush B rush C pull D lunar 12 A bought B sought C drought D fought 13 A killed B cured C crashed D waived 14 A thunder B prefer C grocer D louder 15 A tells B talks C stays D steals 16 A stomach B watch C change D church 17 A attacks B repeats C roofs D trays 18 A drought B fought C brought D bought 19 A builds B destroys C occurs D prevents 20 A name B nation C native D natural Trang 12