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LỜI NÓI ĐẦU Quý thầy cô và các em học sinh thân mến Nhằm giúp các quý thầy cô và các em học sinh giỏi có thêm tài liệu tham khảo và luyện tập bồi dưỡng ,chuẩn bị kỹ càng cho các kỳ thi như chuyên anh vào 10,hsg giỏi tỉnh,cấp thành phố THPT .Team mình sẽ ra file sách mang tên “ ROAD TO SUCCESS” để đáp ứng điều đó File sách tập trung vào USE OF ENGLISH gồm 5 phần : Phần 1: LEXICO Phần 2: CORRECT THE MISTAKES PHẦN 3: CLOZE PHẦN 4: OPEN CLOZE PHẦN 5: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION PhẦN đáp án : Sẽ có đáp án chi tiết bằng tiếng việt và tiếng anh để mọi người có thể học hiệu quả cùng phần NOTE bao gồm : IDIOMS,COLLOCATIONS,PHRASAL VERBS Nguồn biên soạn và sưu tầm từ các sách CAE,CPE ,các đề thi chuyên ,duyên hải,304,trại hè và hsg của các tỉnh trên cả nước Với file sách này,quý thầy cô và các em học sinh sẽ có được sự chuẩn bi chu đáo,đầy đủ cho các kỳ thi chuyên và hsg THPT lớp 10,11,12 Mặc dù rất cố gắng,song file sách không tránh khỏi những sai sót . Rất mong nhận được sự góp ý của các thầy cô và các bạn .
LỜI NĨI ĐẦU Q thầy em học sinh thân mến ! Nhằm giúp quý thầy em học sinh giỏi có thêm tài liệu tham khảo luyện tập bồi dưỡng ,chuẩn bị kỹ cho kỳ thi chuyên anh vào 10,hsg giỏi tỉnh,cấp thành phố THPT Team file sách mang tên “ ROAD TO SUCCESS” để đáp ứng điều đó! File sách tập trung vào USE OF ENGLISH gồm phần : Phần 1: LEXICO Phần 2: CORRECT THE MISTAKES PHẦN 3: CLOZE PHẦN 4: OPEN CLOZE PHẦN 5: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION PhẦN đáp án : Sẽ có đáp án chi tiết tiếng việt tiếng anh để người học hiệu phần NOTE bao gồm : IDIOMS,COLLOCATIONS,PHRASAL VERBS Nguồn biên soạn sưu tầm từ sách CAE,CPE ,các đề thi chuyên ,duyên hải,30/4,trại hè hsg tỉnh nước Với file sách này,quý thầy cô em học sinh có chuẩn bi chu đáo,đầy đủ cho kỳ thi chuyên hsg THPT lớp 10,11,12 Mặc dù cố gắng,song file sách không tránh khỏi sai sót Rất mong nhận góp ý thầy bạn CHUYÊN ĐỀ: LEXICO TEST Choose the best answer to each of the following questions Write your answer in the numbered boxes Marches and demonstrations in Vietnam have become increasingly militant, and, sadly, the government reacted by _ down harshly on this civil unrest A backing B bearing C clamping D drawing If institutions balk, waiting to cross that _ when you come to it could be disastrous A bridge B fingers C legs D path The family were roundly subjected to insults, smutty comments and had a multitude of _ cast on them about their manhood for the duration of their walk around the town A aspersions B criticisms C doubts D vilifications Prescott will begin to reconstruct his relationship with both Gilchrist and the employers in the next few days, unprepared to _ the amount of cash the government will contribute to the deal A account for B allow for C bargain on D contemplate on Why should we have to pay a lifetime of premiums, making some insurance company masses of money, just on the _ that one day we can make a claim? A fighting chance B mischance C off-chance D perchance Having _ to urban illness and death in winter, prevention is directed at around 50000 excess deaths that still occur annually in Britain in cold weather A perception B perspective C reference D regard Recession is _ in the minds of politicians and chief executives as they gossip at the conference A paramount B predominant C uppermost D uttermost Being revealed as a drug addict, one who illegally purchased drugs on the black market – many of which are obtained by stealing from people who really need the medication – is _ justice A figurative B flowery C metrical D poetic He has often sought to justify repression on the _ of threatened coups against his government A guises B ploys C pretences D pretexts 10 The standard Milky Way model comprised a thin disk of bright young stars surrounded by a sparsely _ halo of old stars A colonised B inhabited C occupied D populated 11 In any case, unfortunately, there is a _ chance of finding alternative employment in this despoiled area, which to an untutored eye looks rich in natural assets A big B fat C good D huge 12 From mass production clothing to managing factory lines to understanding the nature of different fabrics, he kept _ and that has brought him where he is today A a millstone around his neck C his heart of stone B a sword in the stone D his nose to the grindstone 13 It was a dark, starless night and, without a compass, we were left around for directions A groping B grabbing C probing D prodding 14 Filing may be a procedure, bit it is essential for the smooth runnign of the office A strenuous B tedious C weary D stuffy 15 The toll makes using the Panama Canal too costly for some vessels A commerce B profiteering C business D merchant 16 The Egyptian coast guard received a(n) signal from the ship at 11.34 last night A distress B anxiety C stress D disquiet 17 Most armies around the world use satellite technology to orders A emit B impart C release D relay 18 It was imperative for the authorities to the epidemic A succeed B localise C.spread D.define 19 His efforts, though futile, are still A refined D.commendable B intimidated C.pious 20 He was reserved by nature, even A cordial B morose C.amiable KEY: D Approachable : C A A C C D C D D 10 D 11 B 12 D 13 A 14 B 15 D 16 A 17 D 18 B 19 D 20 B Marches and demonstrations in Vietnam have become increasingly militant, and, sadly, the government reacted by _ down harshly on this civil unrest A backing B bearing C clamping D drawing Clam down on: hạn chế,kiểm soát nghiêm ngặt If institutions balk, waiting to cross that _ when you come to it could be disastrous A bridge B fingers C legs D path waiting to cross that bridge when you come to: đến đâu tính đến The family were roundly subjected to insults, smutty comments and had a multitude of _ cast on them about their manhood for the duration of their walk around the town A aspersions B criticisms C doubts D vilifications Cast aspersions on: bôi nhục,sỉ nhọ Prescott will begin to reconstruct his relationship with both Gilchrist and the employers in the next few days, unprepared to _ the amount of cash the government will contribute to the deal A account for B allow for C bargain on D contemplate on bargain on: expect something to happen Why should we have to pay a lifetime of premiums, making some insurance company masses of money, just on the _ that one day we can make a claim? A fighting chance B mischance C off-chance D perchance On the off-chance: khả năng,cơ hội mong manh Having _ to urban illness and death in winter, prevention is directed at around 50000 excess deaths that still occur annually in Britain in cold weather A perception B perspectiveC reference D regard Regard to: liên quan,đề cập đến Recession is _ in the minds of politicians and chief executives as they gossip at the conference A paramount B predominant C uppermost D uttermost Uppermost: chiếm ưu Being revealed as a drug addict, one who illegally purchased drugs on the black market – many of which are obtained by stealing from people who really need the medication – is _ justice A figurative B flowery C metrical Poetic jusstice: án phạt đáng đời,gieo gió găp bão D poetic He has often sought to justify repression on the _ of threatened coups against his government A guises B ploys C pretences D pretexts On the pretexts of: với cớ,vs ly 10 The standard Milky Way model comprised a thin disk of bright young stars surrounded by a sparsely _ halo of old stars A colonised B inhabited C occupied D populated Sparsely populated: đan cư thưa thớt 11 In any case, unfortunately, there is a _ chance of finding alternative employment in this despoiled area, which to an untutored eye looks rich in natural assets A fat chane of: đen đủi A big B fat C good D huge 12 From mass production clothing to managing factory lines to understanding the nature of different fabrics, he kept _ and that has brought him where he is today A a millstone around his neck C his heart of stone B a sword in the stone D his nose to the grindstone Keep sb nose to the grindstone: làm việc 13 It was a dark, starless night and, without a compass, we were left around for directions A groping B grabbing C probing D prodding Groping around : mò mẫm 14 Filing may be a procedure, bit it is essential for the smooth runnign of the office A strenuous B tedious C weary D stuffy Tedious: tẻ nhạt,nhàm chán 15 The toll makes using the Panama Canal too costly for some vessels A commerce B profiteering C business D merchant Merchant vessels: tàu buôn 16 The Egyptian coast guard received a(n) signal from the ship at 11.34 last night A distress B anxiety C stress D disquiet distress signal : tín hiệu cứu nạn 17 Most armies around the world use satellite technology to orders A emit B impart C release D relay Relay: receive and pass on (information or a message) 18 It was imperative for the authorities to the epidemic A succeed B localise C.spread D.define Localise: limit something to a particular area,khoanh vùng 19 His efforts, though futile, are still A refined B intimidatedC.pious D.commendable Commendable: đáng khen ngợi ( Dù cho nỗ lực vơ ích đáng khen ngợi ) 20 He was reserved by nature, even A cordial B morose C.amiable D Approachable Morose: ủ rũ,buồn rầu ( tính dè dăt,lại lúc ủ rũ) NOTE: On the pretexts of: với cớ,vs ly Morose: ủ rũ,buồn rầu Localise: limit something to a particular area,khoanh vùng Clam down on: hạn chế,kiểm sốt nghiêm ngặt distress signal : tín hiệu cứu nạn Relay: receive and pass on (information or a message) waiting to cross that bridge when you come to: đến đâu tính đến Sparsely populated: đan cư thưa thớt bargain on: expect something to happen A fat chane of: đen đủi Keep sb nose to the grindstone: làm việc Groping around : mò mẫm Cast aspersions on: bôi nhục,sỉ nhọ Poetic jusstice: án phạt đáng đời,gieo gió găp bão On the off-chance: khả năng,cơ hội mong manh TEST Choose the best answer to each of the following questions Write your answer in the numbered boxes His English was roughly with my Greek, so communication was rather difficult! A levelled B on a par C equal D in tune Well, I’m sorry, that’s all I can offer you A Take it or forget it B Get it or forget it C Take it or leave it D Leave it or take it He promised me an Oxford dictionary and to my great joy, he his word A stood by B stuck at C went back on D held onto The police are certain who the culprit is A in some ways B more or less C here and there D by and by Employees who have a are encouraged to discuss it with the management A hindrance disturbance B grievance C disadvantage D Although the patient received intensive treatment, there was no improvement in her condition A decipherable B legible C discernible D intelligible The prospect of picking up any survivors are now A thin B narrow C slim D restricted His happy–go–lucky attitude means that on the field he exhibits a disregard for the rules A required B glaring C permissible D flagrant He was selected to play despite a string of performances A satisfactory B reasonable C outstanding D mediocre 10 Even the best medicines are not A infallible B unfailing C fail-proof D falsified 11 I’m in a bit of a as to what to wear to the party A loss B quandary C problem D trouble 12 His new play is not only interesting but also unique It is really off the beaten A track B road C path D route 13 Without written evidence, we don’t have a on A leg to stand lean B foot to stand C leg to lean D foot to 14 Now’s a time to tell me you’re going out this evening - I’ve spent the whole day preparing supper for you A suitable B reasonable C right 15 She hasn’t had an accident yet but she’s had a number of shaves D fine stands to reason=obvious in the vicinity of : approximately beat around/about the bush: nói vịng vo tam quốc Full of oneself : very self-satisfied and with an exaggerated sense of self-worth TEST 12 Rewrite the sentences in such a way that they mean almost the same as the sentences printed before them I really don’t like it when you cheated me yesterday (RIDE) ➔ I’d rather This plant often gets attacked by insects (PRONE) ➔ This plant _ Only when the storm subsided was it clear just how much damage had been done (EXTENT) ➔ It was not clear This essay shows a slight improvement on the last (MARGINALLY) ➔ This essay You could be arrested for not giving a breath sample to the police (REFUSAL) ➔ _ The negotiations came to an end when the employees refused to give way (OFF) ➔ The negotiations _ The person responsible for the investigation was in error (MISTAKE) ➔ The person in _ The city is called Bath because of the Roman baths that were there (OWES) ➔ Bath _ He was really jealous when he saw his opponent make it through to the next round (ADVANCE) ➔ He was green _ 10 Mr Brown doesn’t want employees to spend more time than is necessary on travel (LIMITS) ➔ Mr Brown has _ on travel 11.You must concentrate on your work more ➔ You must apply 12 It wasn’t clear to us at the time how serious the problem was ➔ Little 13 We must reduce the company’s outgoings (CHOICE) ➔ 14 The tourists were unharmed after the train crash (WORSE) ➔ The tourists in the train crash 15 It’s clear to everyone that he’s excellent at his job (DENYING) ➔ There’s _ 16 I did not attend the farewell party last night because I had a lot of work to deal with (NECK) ➔ If I _ 17 I imagine it was tough for you to refuse every beggar that asked you for money (TURN) ➔ It must _ 18 Alice and Charles did not decide to move to a bigger house until after the birth of their second child ➔ Only when _ 19 Don’t make me suffer because of your problems! (ON) ➔ Don’t take _ 20 It would be easy to make a film adaptation of Danielle Steel’s latest novel (ITSELF) ➔ _ KEY: I’d rather you hadn’t taken me for a ride yesterday taken me for a ride: bị lừa This plant is prone to attack/getting attacked/being attacked by insects Be prone to : có khả It was not until the storm (had) subsided that the extent of the damage was clear This essay is marginally better than the last Refusal to give a breath sample to the police could lead to/result in your arrest The negotiations were broken off when the employees refused to give way broken off: đến kết thúc,chấm dứt The person in charge of the investigation made a mistake in charge of: chịu trách nhiệm cho Bath owes its name to the Roman baths that were there owes its name to He was green with envy upon seeing his opponent advance to the next round green with envy: ghen tỵ 10 Mr.Brown has set limits to employees’ expenditure on travel set limits to: đặt giới hạn cho 11 You must apply yourself to your work more apply yourself to: give one’s full attention or energy 12 Little did we know/realise at the time how serious the problem was 13 Our only/best choice is to reduce the company’s outgoings 14 The tourists were none the worse for their experience in the train crash none the worse: to not be harmed or damaged by something 15 There’s no denying that he’s excellent at his job There’s no denying that: rõ ràng 16 If I hadn’t been up to my neck in work, I would have attended the farewell party last night up to my neck=on the go : bận,có nhiều vc phải giải 17 It must have been tough/difficult/hard for you to turn down every beggar that asked you for money turn down: từ chối 18 Only when Alice and Charles had their second child did they decide to move to a bigger house 19 Don’t take it out on me just because you’ve got problems! take it out on: treat someone badly because you are upset or angry, even if they have done nothing wrong 20 Danielle Steel’s latest novel lends itself to being made into a film lends itself to: phù hợp cho NOTE: green with envy: ghen tỵ set limits to: đặt giới hạn cho apply yourself to: give one’s full attention or energy none the worse: to not be harmed or damaged by something in charge of: chịu trách nhiệm cho broken off: đến kết thúc,chấm dứt taken me for a ride: bị lừa lends itself to: phù hợp cho There’s no denying that: rõ ràng up to my neck=on the go : bận,có nhiều vc phải giải turn down: từ chối take it out on: treat someone badly because you are upset or angry, even if they have done nothing wrong TEST 13 Rewrite the sentences in such a way that they mean almost the same as the sentences printed before them The department was closed down after failing to raise profit levels (LIQUIDATION) ➔ The department There was absolute silence among the workers after they received news about the factory shutdown (PIN) ➔ You could _ of the factory shutdown As well as being an excellent analyst, our latest recruit is a very good manager (BARGAIN) ➔ Our latest recruit is an _ It is absolutely vital to get this parcel off today or we will lose the contract (DESPATCHED) ➔ It is absolutely vital that this fail or we will lose the contract It is really bad to become ill during your holiday abroad (TAKEN) ➔ There is nothing _ Her new novel has earned great write-ups from critics everywhere (RAVED) ➔ Critics from far _ There is no way such irrelevant tasks will be given to a competent employee like him (ASSIGNED) ➔ In no way irrelevant tasks Tina advised starting the project over again from the beginning to ensure perfection (SCRATCH) ➔ It was on _ perfection Tim seems very much to enjoy himself at every party we come to (APPEARANCE) ➔ Tim _ life at every party we come to 10 One should accept both good and bad things in life instead of holding fate responsible for anything wrong (BLAME) ➔ Rather smooth 11 It is rumoured that John is planning to take over the business when his boss retires (DESIGNS) ➔ Rumour 12 Jenny tried very hard to improve her performance because she desired the scholarship most students in her class had (SOCKS) ➔ Covetous _ 13 The reason why you were ordered to leave your job is that you did not pay careful attention to the company’s rules (HEED OF) ➔ Had you orders 14 Passengers should get on the train quickly as soon as it stops (STANDSTILL) ➔ The instant _ 15 The secretary still does everything her manager orders even though he constantly criticises her (PICKED) ➔ Much as she tune 16 It won’t harm us to stop caring about risks and jump at this one-off opportunity (CAUTION) ➔ We may 17 Dick was expelled after he had made a terrible mistake (DOOR) ➔ Having _ 18 That he never pays attention to my pay rise request is extremely irksome (EAR) ➔ What extremely 19 We’ll certainly spend the night here if the rain doesn’t stop (BOUND/LET) ➔ In the _ _ 20 The fashion designer decided to add in some ribbons to make the dress livelier (JAZZ) ➔ The fashion designer made up 21 John hints that they have allowed him to join the business deal (HINT) ➔ John _ in on the business venture 22 I have noticed that some of my colleagues are offended by my comments (OFFENCE) ➔ It has been _ 23 It wasn’t until later that I realised why Tim made such an extraordinary decision (SPURRED) ➔ Not _ a decision 24 We could only realise Mark was a fair-weather friend when we read his diary (MOMENT) ➔ Only _ 25 The situation was so urgent that the commander asked us to be ready for action all the time (TOES) ➔ Such _ 26 Mrs Chun was extremely worried when she was told that someone had withdrawn a large sum of money from her bank account (MIND) ➔ Being _ _ 27 Fans from all over the world were furious because the film studio had exploited the singer’s death for profit (CASHED) ➔ The film studio fans from all over the world 28 Ralph only manages to live with very little money now because he has wasted all his savings on fancy clothing (EKES) ➔ Squandering 29 You really didn’t have to be willing to accept the blame for our whole team (FAR) ➔ You needn’t _ can for our whole team 30 When the project was approved, we felt certain that it would turn out successful (GREEN) ➔ The project of it KEY The department went into liquidation after failing to raise profit levels went into liquidation: đóng cửa,phá sản You could hear a pin drop among the workers after they were notified/informed of the factory shutdown hear a pin drop: im lặng tờ Our latest recruit is an excellent analyst and a very good manager into/in the bargain It is absolutely vital that this parcel (should) be despatched without fail or we will lose the contract There is nothing worse than being taken ill during your holiday abroad Take ill: bị ốm Critics from far and wide have raved about hew new novels from far and wide:ở khắp nơi In no way will a competent employee like him be assigned such irrelevant tasks It was on Tina’s recommendation that the project be started from scratch to ensure perfection started from scratch: bắt đầu lại từ đầu Tim gives every appearance of having the time of his life at every party we come to gives every appearance of: có mặt 10 Rather than laying/pinning/putting the blame on fate for anything wrong, one should take the rough with the smooth take the rough with the smooth: Chấp nhận hai khía cạnh tốt xấu điều khơng có điều hồn hảo 11,Rumour has it that John has designs on taking over the business when his boss retires has designs on: có ké hoạch,dự định làm 12 Covetous of the scholarship most students in her class had, Jenny pulled her socks up pulled her socks up: nỗ lực làm 13 Had you taken heed of the company’s rules, you wouldn’t have got the marching orders/wouldn’t have been given the marching orders taken heed of: pay attention to something and be careful about it give the marching orders: you ask that person to leave a place or a job because they have done something wrong 14 The instant the train is/comes at a standstill, passengers should get on it quickly comes at a standstill: dừng lại 15 Much as she is constantly picked on by her manager, the secretary still dances to his tune dances to his tune.: làm theo yêu cầu 16 We may as well throw/cast caution to the wind(s) and jump at this one-off opportunity throw/cast caution to the wind(s): mạo hiểm làm 17 Having made a terrible mistake, Dick was shown the door Be shown the door: bị đuổi,trục xuất 18 What extremely irks me is that he never lends an ear to my pay rise request lends an ear to: lứng nghe,chú ý đến 19 In the event that the rain does not let up, we are bound to spend the night here Let up: ngớt ,ngừng mưa 20 The fashion designer made up his/her mind to add in some ribbons to jazz the dress up/to jazz up the dress made up his/her mind: định làm 21 John drops/gives the hint that they have cut him in on the business deal drops/gives the hint: gơi ý 22 It has been brought to my notice that some of my colleagues take offence at my comments take offence at: bất bình,giận 23 Not until later did I realise what spurred Tim to make so extraordinary a decision 24 Only when we read his diary could we realise (that) Mark was a friend for the moment 25 Such was the urgency of the situation that the commander kept us on our toes all the time kept us on our toes: force someone to stay active, alert, and focused on something or someone 26 Being told that someone had withdrawn a large sum of money from her bank account, Mrs Chun was/went out of her mind with worry went out of her mind: unable to behave or deal with things normally because something has made you very worried, unhappy, or angry 27 The film studio had cashed in on the singer’s death, which infuriated fans from all over the world cashed in on: convert an insurance policy, savings account, or other investment into money 28 Squandering all his savings on fancy clothing, Ralph ekes out a living now ekes out: obtain or win something only with difficulty or great effort 29 You needn’t have gone so/as far as to carry the can for the whole team Carry the can: chịu trách nhiệm 30 The project given the green light, we felt certain that we would make a success of it Give the green light: (được bật đèn xanh) -> ủng hộ,chấp nhận NOTE: cashed in on: convert an insurance policy, savings account, or other investment into money went out of her mind: unable to behave or deal with things normally because something has made you very worried, unhappy, or angry take offence at: bất bình,giận kept us on our toes: force someone to stay active, alert, and focused on something or someone drops/gives the hint: gơi ý made up his/her mind: định làm Give the green light: (được bật đèn xanh) -> ủng hộ,chấp nhận ekes out: obtain or win something only with difficulty or great effort Carry the can: chịu trách nhiệm take the rough with the smooth: Chấp nhận hai khía cạnh tốt xấu điều khơng có điều hoàn hảo Let up: ngớt ,ngừng mưa has designs on: có ké hoạch,dự định làm pulled her socks up: nỗ lực làm taken heed of: pay attention to something and be careful about it give the marching orders: you ask that person to leave a place or a job because they have done something wrong comes at a standstill: dừng lại dances to his tune.: làm theo yêu cầu throw/cast caution to the wind(s): mạo hiểm làm Be shown the door: bị đuổi,trục xuất went into liquidation: đóng cửa,phá sản hear a pin drop: im lặng tờ Take ill: bị ốm from far and wide:ở khắp nơi gives every appearance of: có mặt HẾT!!!