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Quan hệ đối tác hợp tác chiến lược Hàn Quốc – Việt Nam và định hướng trong bối cảnh thay đổi quản trị toàn cầu trong thế kỷ 21
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OF AND TRAINING FOREIGN AFFAIRS DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY OF VIETNAM - PARK NOH WAN REPUBLIC OF KOREA-VIETNAM STRATEGIC COOPERATIVE PARTNERSHIP AND THE WAY FORWARD IN THE NEW CONTEXT OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE CHANGE IN THE 21ST CENTURY DOCTORAL DISSERTATION MAJOR: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS INDEX NUMBER: 62310206 HANOI – 2014 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OF AND TRAINING FOREIGN AFFAIRS DIPLOMATIC ACADEMY OF VIETNAM - PARK NOH WAN REPUBLIC OF KOREA-VIETNAM STRATEGIC COOPERATIVE PARTNERSHIP AND THE WAY FORWARD IN THE NEW CONTEXT OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE CHANGE IN THE 21ST CENTURY Major : International Relations Index number : 62310206 DOCTORAL DISSERTATION SUPERVISOR: ASSOC.PROF.DR NGUYEN THAI YEN HUONG HANOI – 2014 AFFIRMATION I affirm that this doctoral dissertation is the outcome of my own research and study All the statistics and figures included in the dissertation are authentic and precise All the findings have never been published in any other research study AUTHOR PARK NOH WAN ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deepest gratitude towards my supervisor Assoc Prof Dr Nguyen Thai Yen Huong for her instruction, support and encouragement during my research process My sincere thanks are also due to teachers and staff at the Faculty of Post Graduate Study, Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam, for offering me the most favorable conditions to complete my dissertation Finally, I am grateful to all my family members, friends and colleagues for their support and encouragement Hanoi, April 2014 Author Park Noh Wan TABLE OF CONTENTS AFFIRMATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS LIST OF FIGURES PREFACE CHAPTER 1: GLOBAL GOVERNANCE CHANGES AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS 14 1.1 Global Governance: Definition and Framework 14 1.1.1 Global Governance: Definition and Analytical Usefulness of the Concept 14 1.1.2 Global Governance: Transition and Structure 16 1.2 Governance Structure Changes and Their Characteristics 19 1.2.1 Structural Change Background: The End of the Cold War 19 1.2.2 Characteristics of Recent Global Governance Change 20 1.2.2.1 Transition into Multi-Polar System: Declining US and Rising China 20 1.2.2.2 Strengthening Regionalism: Expansion of Economic Blocks 24 1.2.2.3 Global Issues and Limitation of UN and G8 Roles 27 1.3 Global Governance: Reshaping and Prospects 30 1.3.1 Possibility of Reshaping Global Governance 30 1.3.2 Reshaping Prospects of Global Governance 32 1.4 Regional Governance Change in East Asia 34 1.4.1 General Overview 34 1.4.2 Northeast Asia: Regional Cooperation and Change 35 1.4.3 Southeast Asia: Regional Cooperation and Change 37 1.5 Remarks 40 CHAPTER 2: ROK AND VIETNAM: POLICY RESPONSES TO GLOBAL AND REGIONAL GOVERNANCE CHANGE SINCE 1991 43 2.1 ROK and Vietnam: Responses to Global Governance Change 43 2.1.1 Why it was Necessary for ROK and Vietnam to Respond 43 2.1.2 ROK‟s Policy Responses 44 2.1.3 Vietnam‟s Policy Responses 48 2.2 Responses to the Global Economic Crisis on the Part of ROK and Vietnam 52 2.2.1 Global Economic Crises and its Structural Trends 52 2.2.2 Policy Responses: ROK and Vietnam 54 2.3 Responses to Regional Governance Change: ROK and Vietnam 58 2.3.1 Rising China and Regional Governance Change 58 2.3.2 Responses of ROK and Vietnam to Regional Governance Change 63 2.4 Remarks 67 CHAPTER 3: ROK-VIETNAM BILATERAL RELATIONS AND WAYS FORWARD IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL AND GLOBAL GOVERNANCE CHANGE IN THE 21st CENTURY 71 3.1 Overview of ROK-Vietnam Bilateral Relations 71 3.1.1 ROK-Vietnam Bilateral Relations Before 1992 71 3.1.2 Development of ROK-Vietnam Relations since 1992 73 3.1.2.1 Politics and Foreign Affairs 74 3.1.2.2 Economic Cooperation 77 3.1.2.3 Development Cooperation (ODA) 84 3.1.2.4 Cultural and Social Cooperation 87 3.2 Opportunities and Challenges in ROK-Vietnam Relations 91 3.2.1 Opportunities in ROK- Vietnam Relations 91 3.2.2 Engines behind Rapidly Expanding Bilateral Relations 94 3.2.3 Challenges in ROK-Vietnam Diplomatic Relations 96 3.2.3.1 Challenges with Regional and Global Dimensions 97 3.2.3.2 Challenges in Bilateral Relations Dimension 105 3.3 Ways Forward for ROK-Vietnam Relations in the 21st Century 109 3.3.1 Strategic Cooperative Partnership: Ways Forward 109 3.3.2 General Principles 112 3.3.3 Recommendations for Deepening Strategic Partnership 115 3.3.3.1 For Trust-Building in Politics, Security and Diplomacy 116 3.3.3.2 For Positive Response to US and Chinese Foreign Policies118 3.3.3.3 For Strategic Cooperation in Trade and Economic Sector 120 3.3.3.4 For Diplomatic Relations with North Korea 122 3.3.3.5 For Coordinative Response to the Emerging Global Issues 123 3.3.4 Remarks 131 CONCLUSION 136 AUTHOR’S WORKS 140 LIST OF REFERENCES 141 LIST OF ACRONYMS AHF Agape Hospital Fellowship AKFTA ASEAN-ROK Free Trade Agreement APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation ARF ASEAN Regional Forum ASEM Asia – Europe Meeting ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations BRICS Brazil, Russia, India, China and Republic of South Africa EAI East Asian Institute EPS Employment Permit System EU European Union FDI Foreign Direct Investment FEALAC Forum of East Asia-Latin America Cooperation FTA Free Trade Agreement G8 (group of US, UK, France, Germany, Italy, Canada, Japan, Russia most developed countries) G20 (group of Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, twenty developed Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, ROK, Mexico, and developing Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United countries) Kingdom, US, and European Union GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GNI Gross National Income IMF International Monetary Fund IPCCC International Panel Convention Climate Change IT Information Technology KAOVA Korea Agent Orange Veterans Association KFHI Korea Food for the Hungry International KITA Korea International Trade Association KSP Knowledge Sharing Programme KVFTA ROK - Vietnam Free Trade Agreement MDGs Millennium Development Goals MERCOSUR Common Market of South America NAFTA North America Free Trade Agreement NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization NGO Non-Governmental Organization ODA Official Development Assistance OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development PNTR Permanent Normal Trade Relations PPP Purchasing Power Parity RCEP Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnerships ROK Republic of Korea SCO Shanghai Cooperation Organization SOE State-owned Enterprise TTIP Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership TPP Trans-Pacific Partnership USA United States of America USD United States Dollar USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics UXO Unexploded Ordnance VAVA Vietnam Association of Victims of Agent Orange (Dioxin) WB World Bank WTO World Trade Organization 145 34 Han, S J., (1996), “The New International System: Regional & Global Dimensions”, The Ilmin International Relations Institute, Korea University, Oruem Press 35 Hoàng Anh Tuấn (2009), “Doi Moi and the Remaking of Vietnam”, 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Century” (1) Overview of ROK-Vietnam Bilateral Relations (2) Opportunities and Challenges in ROK-Vietnam Relations (3) ROK-Vietnam Relations: Ways Forward in the 21st Century 14 CHAPTER GLOBAL