City of St Catharines STORMWATER MANAGEMENT AND NON-POINT SOURCE RUNOFF Mayor Tim Rigby PERSPECTIVE Settled in 1800 Canal system in 1829 Waterworks in 1975 Sewers to waterways in 1912 Wastewater treatment in 1951 CSO and stormwater problems We want to use our waterways – 1999 World Rowing Championships Courtesy of J Lehnen World Class Henley Rowing Course in Martindale Pond Tributary to Lake Ontario ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS (as identified by RAP) Contamination of recreational beach areas Impacts on fisheries and aquatic biota Sediment quality and benthic invertebrates Contribution to fish consumption advisories Loss of fish habitat Nutrient enrichment: nuisance algal growth Based on City of Toronto slide PHYSICAL IMPACTS Surface Flooding Basement Flooding Stream Erosion Impacts on Infrastructure Based on City of Toronto slide St Catharines 134,000 pop BACKGROUND – St Catharines (100 km2 (40 mi 2)) 150 combined sewer overflow outfalls (6 directly to Lake Ontario) 400 storm sewer outfalls (7 directly to Lake Ontario) Sewer infrastructure: 540 km (336 mi) Storm Sewers Combined Sewers Sanitary Sewers 340 km 200 km 340 km Lake Ontario Beaches and 25 km (16 mi) Lake Ontario waterfront Watercourses: 120 km (75 mi) Three major waterways: Welland Ship Canal, Twelve Mile Creek and the Old Welland Canal 25 urban creeks BACKGROUND – Toronto (2.5M population, 640 km ( 250 mi2)) 79 combined sewer overflow outfalls (33 directly to Lake Ontario) 2600 storm sewer outfalls (70 directly to Lake Ontario) Sewer infrastructure: 10,400 km (6460 mi) Storm Sewers Combined Sewers Sanitary Sewers Large Trunks 4,550 km 1,300 km 4,150 km 400 km 14 Lake Ontario beaches and 43 km (27 mi) Lake Ontario waterfront Watercourses: 370 km (230 mi) major watersheds Based on City of Toronto slide City of Toronto A TALE OF TWO CITIES City of St Catharines STORMWATER (CSO) MANAGEMENT OPTIONS Source controls Downspout disconnection Flood alleviation program Others (pet litter control, spill management) Conveyance Swales Perforated pipe (exfiltration) End of pipe Combined sewer overflow control Flow balancing system Stormwater ponds and wetlands Watercourse restoration Watershed Management Based on Environment Canada slide DOWNSPOUT DISCONNECTION PROGRAM St Catharines By-Law requiring retroactive disconnection Started with public education in 1991 Followed up by systematic, annual inspections in older combined and partially separated sewer areas 17,086 homes inspected 98% compliant UNDERGROUND STORAGE/TREATMENT Toronto WESTERN BEACHES STORAGE TUNNEL km, metre diameter tunnel - 50 metres deep shafts intercept flow from existing system - 30 metre diameter storage/interception shafts 85,000 cubic metres of total storage EASTERN BEACHES STORAGE TANKS 2,250 cubic metre tank at Kenilworth Ave (1992) 8,000 cubic metre tank at Maclean Ave (1994) City of Toronto slide Thunder Bay CSO INITIATIVES Niagara Falls Pollution control planning over last 15 years: St Catharines, Toronto, Hamilton, Niagara Falls, Welland, Thunder Bay, Windsor, Cornwall, Sarnia, other municipalities Sarnia Recent infrastructure funding for CSOs has increased municipal initiatives: Niagara Region – Welland, St Catharines, Hamilton Cornwall Assessment of alternative controls for CSOs such as high rate treatment is underway to meet Provincial guidelines Initiatives support the Canada Ontario Agreement including reducing CSOs in AOCs Welland Windsor Environment Canada partners with municipalities and Provinces to provide advice/information to Canada’s Infrastructure Program, guidance documents and workshops/seminars on CSO control technology and stormwater management Based on Environment Canada slides TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CSO High Rate Treatment Field pilot trials Scarborough 1992 – 1998 Polymer aided settling of CSOs – Toronto, Windsor, Welland Vortex – Niagara Falls Feasibility – St Catharines GLSF, NWRI, MOE, municipality collaboration Now working on stormwater application in Toronto Potential cost savings: 144 million for municipalities in AOCs Full scale demonstration North Toronto CSO tank 1997-present Lab model of North Toronto CSO tank at NWRI hydraulics lab Based on Environment Canada slide STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PONDS/WETLANDS TERRAVIEW WILLOWFIELD PONDS (1999/2000) Taylor/Massey Creek subwatershed Intercept flow from 10 outfalls Ponds, wetlands & natural channel WILLIAM ALEXANDER DEMPSEY ECO PARK (1999) Headwaters Centennial Creek subwatershed Self-sustaining ecological park with a series of wetland/wet pond systems SPRING CREEK & LOWER DUCK POND (2000) In High Park Wetland & stream naturalization Improve stormwater quality EMERY CREEK POND (construction 2004) Subwatershed to Humber River Innovative stage pond design with spill containment and wetland Services large industrial area City of Toronto slide CONSTRUCTED WETLAND St Catharines Glendale Ave Louth St Pelham Road Twelve Mile Creek Extendicare Fire Hall Proposed Site Innovative management to increase the capacity of existing outfall to accommodate further development and improve quality of stormwater flow PLAN OF CONSTRUCTED WETLAND: Future: Trails and Interpretive Nature signage FLOW BALANCING SYSTEMS DUNKERS FLOW BALANCING SYSTEM (SCARBOROUGH) cells (including wetland) 40,000 cubic metres storage Pumping of lake water after event to improve water circulation Initiated facility performance assessment ETOBICOKE SWM FACILITY cells (including wetland) 80,000 cubic metres storage Stormwater displaces lake water Vegetative rafts proposed in wetland cell Services redevelopment lands City of Toronto slide WATERCOURSE RESTORATION Martindale Pond Humber Creek improve water quality aquatic and riparian habitat improvements initiated through subwatershed studies complemented with stormwater management provide amenity to local community Highland Creek - Markham Branch Based on City of Toronto slide Martindale Pond/Twelve Mile Creek WATERSHED MANAGEMENT Provincial regulation coming – Water Source Protection Plans Stormwater management – will be critical component NIAGARA WATER QUALITY PROTECTION STRATEGY Developed by Regional Niagara, Niagara Peninsula Conservation Authority, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 12 municipalities, and the public $270M over 30 years www.regional.niagara.on.ca/government/initiatives/nwqps/pdf/NRRReport.pdf Niagara Water Quality Protection Strategy HUMAN HEALTH Clean and abundant drinking water for safe human consumption PROPERTY RISK AND LIABILITY Protection for residential, employment and public land uses from adverse flooding and erosion NATURAL ENVIRONMENT Sufficient water of a satisfactory quality in natural settings to restore and maintain healthy flora, fauna and ecosystem integrity AGRICULTURE AND COMMERCE Clean and abundant water for agriculture and economic opportunities RECREATION Sufficient and clean water to support and sustain recreational uses TORONTO’S WET WEATHER FLOW MASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (Watershed Based) OBJECTIVES WATER QUALITY Meet guidelines for water and sediment quality Virtually eliminate toxics through pollution prevention Improve water quality in rivers and the lake for body contact recreation Improve aesthetics NATURAL AREAS AND WILDLIFE Protect, enhance and restore natural features (eg wetlands) and functions Achieve healthy aquatic communities 10 Reduce fish contamination WATER QUANTITY Preserve and re-establish a natural hydrologic cycle Reduce erosion impacts on habitats and property Eliminate or minimize threats to life and property from flooding SEWER SYSTEM 11 Eliminate discharges of sanitary sewage 12 Reduce infiltration and inflow to sanitary sewers 13 Reduce basement flooding Based on City of Toronto slide TORONTO - OVERVIEW OF CITY-WIDE 25 YEAR PLAN PUBLIC EDUCATION ($30 M ) MUNICIPAL OPERATIONS ($8 M ) SHORELINE MANAGEMENT ($42 M ) SOURCE CONTROLS ($112 M ) CONVEYANCE CONTROLS ($74 M ) STREAM RESTORATION ($131 M) BASEMENT FLOODING ($55 M ) END-OF-PIPE CONTROLS ($596 M ) TOTAL - $1,048M over 25 years Based on City of Toronto slide GREAT LAKES MUNICIPAL STORMWATER MANAGEMENT Realistic expectations Strategy to restore Public education Opportunistic Partnering Information exchange Steady progress Sustained actions Long-term view Monitoring Municipal Resources Http://www.civil.ryerson.ca/ urban : Canadian web site of stormwater and CSO technology Urban Drainage Benchmark Assessment Network (Sponsored by Environment Canada, Ontario Ministry of the Environment) www.stcatharines.ca www.toronto.ca Guidance Documents www.greatlakescities.org www.ene.gov.on.ca www.ec.gc.ca ... beaches and 43 km (27 mi) Lake Ontario waterfront Watercourses: 370 km (230 mi) major watersheds Based on City of Toronto slide City of Toronto A TALE OF TWO CITIES City of St Catharines STORMWATER. .. management to increase the capacity of existing outfall to accommodate further development and improve quality of stormwater flow PLAN OF CONSTRUCTED WETLAND: Future: Trails and Interpretive Nature signage... area City of Toronto slide CONSTRUCTED WETLAND St Catharines Glendale Ave Louth St Pelham Road Twelve Mile Creek Extendicare Fire Hall Proposed Site Innovative management to increase the capacity