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Free download from www.hsrcpress.ac.za
Free download from www.hsrcpress.ac.za
Free download from www.hsrcpress.ac.za
This volume is compiled and funded by the Department of Social Development,
Western Cape Provincial Government
Published by HSRC Press
Private Bag X9182, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
www.hsrcpress.ac.za
First published 2008
ISBN 978-0-7969-2226-7
© 2008 Human Sciences Research Council
Copyedited by Robyn Arnold
Typeset by Robin Taylor
Cover design by Jenny Young
Print management by comPress
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Tables vii
Figures x
Acknowledgements xiii
Acronyms and abbreviations xv
Introduction 1
Ravayi Marindo
1 WesternCape:anoverview 7
Cornie Groenewald
2 PopulationandplanningintheWesternCape:
apolicyreview 25
Shahid Solomon
3 Under-fivemortalityintheWesternCape
province 47
Nancy Stiegler
4 AdultmortalityintheWesternCape:
anexamplefromCapeTownmetro 65
Nesbert Zinyakatira
5 Levels,trendsanddeterminantsofchild
maltreatmentintheWesternCapeprovince 97
Andrew Dawes and Catherine L Ward
6 PopulationageingintheWesternCape
province 127
Bärbel Haldenwang
7 Foreign-bornandnon-citizenpopulationsin
theWesternCape(1996–2006):ademographic
overview 151
Ravayi Marindo
8 Population,HIV/AIDSandtheprovisionof
healthcareintheWesternCape 175
Najma Shaikh
9 PopulationandeducationintheWestern
Cape 197
Jean Baxen
Free download from www.hsrcpress.ac.za
10 Populationanddevelopmentinterrelationships:
globalperspectives 221
Sam Gaisie
Conclusion 239
Ravayi Marindo and Siyanda Saki
Contributors 242
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vii
Table 1.1. Surface area and population of the Western Cape, by district municipality
(1996 and 2001) 8
Table 1.2. Comparison of population numbers and growth between the Western Cape
and South Africa (1996, 2001 and 2007) 11
Table 1.3. Estimated migration into and out of the Western Cape (2001–2006 and
2006–2011) 12
Table 1.4. Population estimate for the Western Cape (2007) 17
Table 1.5. Population, by population group, for South Africa and the Western Cape
(1996, 2001 and 2007) 19
Table 1.6. Language composition for South Africa and the Western Cape, by district
municipality (2001) 20
Table 2.1. High-level targets of the Western Cape PGDS (2006–2014) 37
Table 3.1. Period life table for the Western Cape 51
Table 3.2. Probability of dying, by generation 52
Table 3.3. Survivals per 1 000 births, by generation 53
Table 3.4. Infant mortality and under-five mortality rates in the Western Cape
(1997–2004) 54
Table 3.5. Neonatal infant mortality rate in the Western Cape, by period (2006) 55
Table 3.6. Neonatal infant mortality rate in the Western Cape, by period (2007) 55
Table 3.7. Distribution of dead infants, by period, during first month of life per 100
neonatal deaths in the Western Cape (2006) 55
Table 3.8. Distribution of dead infants, by period, during first month of life per 100
neonatal deaths in the Western Cape (2007) 56
Table 3.9. Proportion of dying babies (less than one year old), by weight (2006 and
2007) 56
Table 3.10. Proportion of infant deaths per 1 000 live births in the Western Cape, by
health facility sector (2006) 57
Table 3.11. Proportion of infant deaths per 1 000 live births in the Western Cape, by
health facility sector (2007) 57
Table 3.12. Proportion of infant deaths, by medical institution, in the Western Cape per
1 000 live births at each institution (2006) 57
Table 3.13. Proportion of infant deaths, by medical institution, in the Western Cape per
1 000 live births at each institution (2007) 58
Table 3.14. Distribution of deliveries, by place of delivery, per 100 deliveries in the
Western Cape (2006) 58
Table 3.15. Distribution of deliveries, by place of delivery, per 100 deliveries in the
Western Cape (2007) 58
Table 3.16. Distribution of infant deaths in South Africa, by reason of death and age
period (1995–1996) 59
Table 3A1. Lexis diagram: live births and deaths in the Western Cape (1998–2004) 63
Table 4.1. Completeness of adult death registration (2001) 74
Table 4.2. Mortality rates between the ages of 15 and 60 (
45
M
15
) for females 87
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viii
Table 4.3. Mortality rates between the ages of 15 and 60 (
45
M
15
) for males 89
Table 4A1. Female average completeness ratios for adults aged 15+ (1996–2004) 92
Table 4A2. Male average completeness ratios for adults aged 15+ (1996–2004) 92
Table 4A3. Age and sex mortality rates for Cape Town (1996–2004) 93
Table 5.1. Summary of key research studies and reports in the public domain relevant
to child maltreatment in the Western Cape (2000–2005) 107
Table 5.2. Sexual assault incidence rates per 1 000 children, aged 0–13 years, by health
region 111
Table 5.3. Children’s Court Inquiry (CCI) incidence rates, per 1 000 children
(2002–2005) 113
Table 5.4. The elements of a protective environment (UNICEF) 117
Table 6.1. Age composition of the Western Cape population, by sex and population
group (1996 and 2001) 129
Table 6.2. Population ageing indices of the Western Cape, by population group (1996
and 2001) 132
Table 6.3. Median age and life expectancy at age 65 years of the Western Cape
population, by sex and population group (1996 and 2001) 133
Table 6.4. Projected population of the Western Cape, by population group (2005–
2025) 137
Table 7.1. Population density in the Western Cape district municipalities (1996, 2001
and 2007) 154
Table 7.2. Foreign-born population in the highest immigration countries in the world
(1990s–2000s rounds of censuses) 158
Table 7.3. Foreign-born population, by province of enumeration and country of birth
(2001) 160
Table 7.4. Foreign-born population in the Western Cape, by racial group (2001) 161
Table 7.5. Foreign-born population in the Western Cape, by country of birth and
district municipality (2001) 163
Table 7.6. Non-citizen population in the Western Cape, by country of citizenship
(2001) 164
Table 7.7. Non-citizen population in the Western Cape, by gender and citizenship
(2001) 165
Table 7.8. Demographic indicators (2001) 170
Table 8.1. HIV prevalence, by locality type, in the Western Cape (2005) 179
Table 8.2. HIV projections for the Western Cape (2006–2010) 184
Table 8.3. Projected AIDS orphans in the Western Cape (2006–2011) 184
Table 9.1. National profile of total learner, teacher and school ratios, by type of
school 199
Table 9.2. Number and type of schools, teachers and learner–teacher ratio in the
Western Cape (2006) 200
Table 9.3. Learners in the Western Cape, by phase (2006) 200
Table 9.4. Learners in the Western Cape, by grade (2006) 201
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ix
Table 9.5. Proportional indicators of educational levels in the Western Cape (1995 and
2002) 202
Table 9.6. Western Cape and total South African population, by racial group
(2001) 202
Table 9.7. Source of water supply 203
Table 9.8. Source of energy supply 204
Table 9.9. Sewage disposal 204
Table 9.10. Site security 204
Table 9.11. Employment status of communities (2001) 206
Table 9.12. Highest level of education among those aged 20+ years 206
Table 9.13. Annual household income (2001) 206
Table 9.14: Occupation, by geographical location (2001) 207
Table 9.15. Type of housing unit (2001) 207
Table 9.16. Toilet facilities (2001) 208
Table 9.17. Main water supply (2001) 208
Table 9.18. Energy source for cooking (2001) 208
Table 9.19. Mode of transport (2001) 209
Table 9.20. Provincial HIV prevalence estimates among antenatal clinic attendees in
South Africa (2004–2006) 212
Table 9.21. Types of training and workshops on HIV/AIDS attended (2004) 215
Table 10.1. Population, GDP and productivity in 16 more developed countries (1870 and
1987) 229
Table 10.2. Key indicators of development related to population and economic
growth 231
Table 10.3. Population and economic growth in sub-Saharan African countries 232
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x
Figure 1.1. Western Cape province and its district municipalities 8
Figure 1.2. Total rainfall in South Africa (July 2005–June 2006) 10
Figure 1.3. Migration into and within the Western Cape, by district municipality
(1996–2001) 13
Figure 1.4. Migrants from other provinces to the Western Cape, by district municipality
(1996–2001) 14
Figure 1.5. Migrants within the Western Cape that moved to district municipalities
(1996–2001) 15
Figure 1.6. Growth of the Western Cape district municipalities (1996–2001) 16
Figure 1.7. Growth by population group in the Western Cape (1996–2001) 16
Figure 1.8. Age–sex pyramid for the Western Cape (2007) 18
Figure 1.9. Sex ratios by race for South Africa and the Western Cape (2006) 18
Figure 1.10. Educational status of population 20 years and older for South Africa and the
Western Cape (2006) 20
Figure 1.11. Unemployment status by province (2006) 21
Figure 1.12. Informal dwellings in South Africa and the Western Cape (2002–2006) 21
Figure 1.13. Poverty index by province (1996–2001) 22
Figure 3.1. Mosley/Chen model 49
Figure 3.2. Mosley/Chen model modified by Barbieri 50
Figure 4.1. Population distribution of the City of Cape Town (1996 and 2001) 70
Figure 4.2. Completeness of vital registration, by age (2001) and completeness trends in
Cape Town (1996–2004) 73
Figure 4.3. Age-specific mortality rates per thousand in Cape Town, by sex
(1996–2004) 75
Figure 4.4. Communicable mortality rates per thousand in Cape Town (1996–2004) 76
Figure 4.5. Non-communicable mortality rates per thousand in Cape Town
(1996–2004) 77
Figure 4.6. Injury mortality rates per thousand in Cape Town (1996–2004) 78
Figure 4.7. Ill-defined mortality rates per thousand in Cape Town (1996–2004) 79
Figure 4.8. Age-specific female and male mortality rates per thousand in the Central
health district (1996–2004) 80
Figure 4.9. Age-specific female and male mortality rates per thousand in the Eastern
health district (1996–2004) 81
Figure 4.10. Age-specific female and male mortality rates per thousand in the Khayelitsha
health district (1996–2004) 82
Figure 4.11. Age-specific female and male mortality rates per thousand in the Klipfontein
health district (1996–2004) 83
Figure 4.12. Age-specific female and male mortality rates per thousand in the Mitchells
Plain health district (1996–2004) 84
Figure 4.13. Age-specific female and male mortality rates per thousand in the Northern
Panorama health district (1996–2004) 85
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[...]... of nine provinces that make up the Republic of South Africa It is located in the south -western part of the country and is the southernmost part of the continent of Africa Before 1994, under the apartheid regime, it formed part of the Cape Province After 1994, the Cape Province was divided into three new provinces, namely the Western Cape, Eastern Cape and Northern Cape The current Western Cape province. .. www.hsrcpress.ac.za Introduction Ravayi Marindo Free download from www.hsrcpress.ac.za The main purpose in writing the State of the population in the Western Cape province report is to bring together various topics on population and development in order to evaluate and monitor the progress of the Western Cape province in implementing the national population policy (DSD 1998) By using official statistics, the report... to the erstwhile Regional Development Areas of the 1980s (Bridgman et al 1992: 2) In this sense, the Western Cape coincides by and large with the old region A of the Cape Province of the apartheid period, with the exception of the far northern part known as Namaqualand, which was allocated to the Northern Cape province in 1994 The Western Cape s current boundaries with adjoining provinces and its internal... early intervention, statutory intervention and re-integration By providing population information for the Western Cape province, this report addresses the first level of intervention, which is creating awareness By bringing together various population development issues, the report creates awareness of the role of population in influencing sustainable development The report therefore addresses the integrated... 1.2) The Western Cape is one of only two provinces that have strengthened their share over this period; the other is the province of Gauteng The Western Cape s population growth rate per annum over the inter-census period of 1996–2001 was 2.7%, which is higher than the national growth rate of 2.0% Since 2001, the growth rate of the Western Cape population has declined fractionally to 2.6%, while the. .. www.hsrcpress.ac.za The spatial development framework identifies the areas where growth is taking place and where it should take place in the future in terms of a sustainable development paradigm The state of the population report provides a clear description of where population is growing in the province Since population is one of the drivers of development, the report provides critical information that informs the. .. pyramids of the Western Cape population (2001) 131 Figure 6.2 Population pyramids of the Western Cape population (2025) 136 Figure 6.3 Projected age structure of the Western Cape population, by population group (2005–2025) 137 Figure 6.4 Projected median age of the Western Cape population, by population group (2005–2025) 141 Figure 6.5 Projected life expectancy at age 65 years of the Western Cape population, ... planning He also discusses the population legacy of apartheid planning, and concludes by stating that although much has been achieved post 1994 to integrate population into planning, there is further need for the following: making the link between population and planning more managerial, tackling departmentalism with outcome measurement, and building and strengthening the population research capacity of. .. plans must aim to improve the quality of life of all people and populations The syllable ‘demo’ in the word ‘demography’ means the people’ Without understanding the state of the population or the variables impacting and impacted on by population, how can we adequately plan a better life for people? From the perspective of the Department of Social Development, the state of the population report identifies... Western Cape exhibit a remarkable coincidence with an imaginary line known during the apartheid era as the ‘Eiselen line’, or the Western Cape substitution line The line indicated an area to the west of this imagined line as a coloured labour preference area (Eiselen n.d.; Giliomee & Schlemmer 1985; 3; Smit & Booysen 1981: 32) During the apartheid era, if black Africans did 8 not qualify in terms of the . www.hsrcpress.ac.za 1 Introduction Ravayi Marindo The main purpose in writing the State of the population in the Western Cape province report is to bring together various topics on population and development in. Levels,trendsanddeterminants of child maltreatment in the Western Cape province 97 Andrew Dawes and Catherine L Ward 6 Population ageing in the Western Cape province 127 Bärbel Haldenwang 7 Foreign-bornandnon-citizenpopulations in the Western Cape (1996–2006):ademographic overview. monitor the progress of the Western Cape province in implementing the national population policy (DSD 1998). By using official statistics, the report aims to create awareness of the role of population
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