EM/ARD/043/E Distribution: restricted Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan 2009–2013 EM/ARD/043/E Distribution: restricted Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan 2009–2013 © World Health Organization 2010 All rights reserved. This health information product is intended for a restricted audience only. It may not be reviewed, abstracted, quoted, reproduced, transmitted, distributed, translated or adapted, in part or in whole, in any form or by any means. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this health information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specic companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. The World Health Organization does not warrant that the information contained in this health information product is complete and correct and shall not be liable for any damages incurred as a result of its use. Document EM/ARD/043/E/R/12.10 Design and layout by Pulp Pictures Printed by Section 3. Development Cooperation and Partnerships: Technical Assistance, Aid Effectiveness and Coordination 46 48 49 3.1 Key international aid and partners in health 3.2 Aid effectiveness 3.3 Summary of key challenges and opportunities 43 Contents 13 9 5 Section 1. Introduction Section 2. Country Health and Development Challenges and National Response 19 20 20 22 24 27 2.1 Summary of key development and health challenges 2.2 Demography and main health problems 2.3 Macroeconomic, political and social context 2.4 Health status of the population 2.5 Socioeconomic and environmental determinants of health 2.6 Health systems and services 17 51Section 4. Past and Current WHO Cooperation 53 55 4.1 WHO cooperation overview 4.2 WHO structure and resources Section 5. Strategic Agenda for WHO Cooperation 59 59 60 60 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Guiding principles for WHO at country level 5.3 Mission statement of WHO in the country 5.4 Strategic priorities 57 Executive Summary Acronyms and Abbreviations Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan 63Section 6. Implementing the Strategic Agenda: Implications for WHO 65 66 67 6.1 Implications for the country ofce in relation to the strategic priorities 6.2 General implications for the country ofce 6.3 Implications for WHO Regional Ofce and headquarters 5 Acronyms and Abbreviations ADB Asian Development Bank AHS Afghanistan health survey AIDS Acquired immunodeciency syndrome ANDS Afghanistan National Development Strategy (2008–2013) ANHRA Afghanistan national health resource assessment ARTF Afghan Reconstruction Trust Fund ARDS Afghan reconstruction and development system ARI Acute respiratory infection BSC Balanced Scorecard BPHS Basic Package of Health Services CCA Common Country Assessment CCS Country Cooperation Strategy CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CIDA Canadian International Development Agency CSO Central Statistical Ofce DEWS Disease Early Warning System EC European Commission EHA Emergency Humanitarian Action EMRO Eastern Mediterranean Regional Ofce EPHS Essential Package of Hospital Services GAVI GAVI Alliance GCMU Grant Contract and Management Unit GDP Gross domestic product GFATM Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria HEFD Health Economics and Financing Directorate HIV Human immunodeciency virus HMIS Health Management Information System JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency JPRM Joint Programme Review and Planning Mission ICRC International Committee for the Red Cross 6 Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Yemen Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan IDB International Development Bank IDUs Injecting drug users IHR International Health Regulations IMCI Integrated Management of Childhood Health MDG Millennium Development Goals MICS Multiple indicator cluster survey MoF Ministry of Finance Mol Ministry of Interior MoPH Ministry of Public Health MRRD Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development MSH Management Sciences for Health NIDs National Immunization Days NRVA National risk and vulnerability assessment NRVS National risk and vulnerability survey OIC The Organisation of Islamic Conference PHD Provincial health department PGC Performance-based grant contract PPA Performance-based partnership agreement PPG Performance-based partnership grant PRB Population Reference Bureau PRR Priority reform and restructuring RAMOS Reproductive-age mortality studies REACH Rural expansion of Afghan community-based health care SOWC State of The World’s Children SWAp Sector-wide approaches TB Tuberculosis TT Tetanus toxoid UNCT United Nations Country Team UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework UNFPA United Nations Population Fund UNHCR Ofce of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 7 Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UNIFEM United Nations Fund for Women UNODC United Nations Ofce on Drugs and Crime USAID United States Agency for International Development WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization WFP World Food Programme [...]... economy 3 Afghanistan human development report Centre for Policy and Human Development, 2007 4 IRC Labour Market Information Survey, 2003 and as quoted in Common Country Assessment for the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan, UN System Kabul, October 2004 21 Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Yemen Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan has legal and illegal components The former... mechanisms for poor households to receive required care without experiencing financial distress; lack of mechanisms for effective regulation of for- profit private sector clinics and pharmacies 19 Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Yemen Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan 2.2 Demography and main health problems   According to data from the Central Statistic Office (CSO) Afghanistan s... births and 1600 per 100 000 live births, and an extremely high prevalence of chronic malnutrition and widespread occurrence of micro-nutrient deficiency 9 Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Yemen Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan There is a high burden of communicable diseases Some of the major challenges and constraints faced by the health sector include: inadequate financing for. .. values and principles of primary health care (main focus: human resource development, stewardship and governance; health information system and health care financing) Social and environmental determinants of health Control of communicable and noncommunicable diseases (main focus: communicable diseases and mental health) 11 Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Yemen Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO. .. widows in Afghanistan with an average age of 35 years 5 http: //www.unifem.org/afganistan/media/pubs/08/factsheet html, accessed 29 November 2010 25 Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Yemen Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan   Finally, health indicators for both women and children remain excessively poor For example, almost two-thirds of tuberculosis patients are female in Afghanistan, ... districts with uncertain risk for maternal and neonatal tetanus that requires one round of TT immunization, while 101 districts were considered at high risk and required 2–3 rounds of TT immunization The estimated burden of diseases that could be prevented by new vaccines is 31 Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Yemen Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan high in Afghanistan: 36 000 deaths... women, and Hb . restricted Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan 2009–2013 EM/ARD/043/E Distribution: restricted Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan. mental health). 12 Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Yemen Country Cooperation Strategy for WHO and Afghanistan Reproductive and child health (main