[...]... sustained economic use of existing limited resources and on identifying new technologies and renewable resources, e.g., biomass, for future energy supply Biogas from Waste and Renewable Resources An Introduction Dieter Deublein and Angelika Steinhauser Copyright © 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 978-3-527-31841-4 3 1 Energy supply – today and in the future1) Today, globally most... fermentation of sewage sludge and bio waste 313 Bio waste plants 315 Purification of industrial waste water 322 Process engineering and equipment construction 322 Plants for industrial waste water fermentation 322 Part VI Biogas to energy 323 1 Gas pipelines 325 2 2.1 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.2 Biogasholder 327 Biogasholder types 327 Low-pressure biogasholder 327 Medium- and high-pressure biogasholders 330 Gas flares... students at the University of Applied Sciences in Munich For five years I surfed the internet and read many books, patents, and magazines, and also approached many companies and manufacturers of plant components, who kindly shared their Biogas from Waste and Renewable Resources An Introduction Dieter Deublein and Angelika Steinhauser Copyright © 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 978-3-527-31841-4... • Natural gas • Oil shale • Tar sand • Gas hydrate Renewable energy sources • Water • Sun • Wind • Geothermal heat • Tides • Biomass Nuclear fuels 1) Cp BOK 1 Biogas from Waste and Renewable Resources An Introduction Dieter Deublein and Angelika Steinhauser Copyright © 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 978-3-527-31841-4 4 1 Energy supply – today and in the future Figure 1.1 Life... derived from coal • Coke • Briquettes Products derived from petroleum • Petrol • Fuel oil • Town gas • Refinery gas Products derived from renewable resources • Biogas • Landfill gas • Pyrolysis gas The secondary energy sources are converted to end-point energy 5 6 1 Energy supply – today and in the future 1.3 End-point energy sources The end-point energy is the energy used by the final consumers and provided... provide energy is already almost fully exploited All other renewable resources, however, still have huge potential and can still be widely expanded 4) Cp WEB 65 5) Cp WEB 79 6) Cp WEB 72 Biogas from Waste and Renewable Resources An Introduction Dieter Deublein and Angelika Steinhauser Copyright © 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 978-3-527-31841-4 8 2 Energy supply in the future –... technology and to highlight important factors that should be considered before planning a biogas plant It is Table 2.3 Energy balance13),14) for different final energy carriers Energy source Energy balance Output/ Input [MJ/MJ] Rape oil 5.7 Ethanol Ethanol Ethanol 2.7 1.6 5.0 Electricity and heat 8.5 Electricity and heat 19.7 Electricity and heat Electricity and heat Electricity and heat Biogas 14.2... colza cake and green waste included From wheat From sugar beet From sorghum Energy recovery of the bagasse included Combustion of the whole plant From cereals Combustion of miscanthus plants (not dried) Combustion of energy plants Combustion of residual straw Combustion of forest residual wood From excrement (CHP cycle) 14) Cp.: BOK 62 2.1 Amount of space Figure 2.3 Evaluation of the scope – from the... emissions 383 Lessons learnt from experience 386 Economy 388 CHP manufacturers 388 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 Biogas for feeding into the natural gas network Biogas for feeding into the natural gas network Biogas for feeding into the natural gas network Biogas for feeding into the natural gas network 7 7.1 7.2 Biogas as fuel for vehicles 397 Example project: “chain of restaurants in Switzerland” 397 Example projects... Efficiency of the preparation tank pump Sludge age Temperature of the heating medium at the outlet Temperature of the heating medium at the inlet Dewpoint temperature Biogas from Waste and Renewable Resources An Introduction Dieter Deublein and Angelika Steinhauser Copyright © 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 978-3-527-31841-4 ° W/m2·°C W/m2·°C W/m2·°C W/m2·°C °C °C °C °C bar K kJ mol−1 . manure and co-substrates 57 2.2 Bio waste from collections of residual waste and trade waste similar to domestic waste 66 2.3 Landfi ll for residual waste. date and perspective in Europe 32 4 History and status to date in other countries 35 4.1 History and status to date in China 36 V Biogas from Waste and Renewable