Thông tin tài liệu
Visit the
National Academies Press online, the authoritative source for all books
from the
National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering,
the
Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council:
• Download hundreds of free books in PDF
• Read thousands of books online for free
• Explore our innovative research tools – try the “Research Dashboard” now!
• Sign up to be notified when new books are published
• Purchase printed books and selected PDF files
Thank you for downloading this PDF. If you have comments, questions or
just want more information about the books published by the National
Academies Press, you may contact our customer service department toll-
free at 888-624-8373,
visit us online, or send an email to
feedback@nap.edu.
This book plus thousands more are available at
http://www.nap.edu.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF File are copyrighted by the National
Academy of Sciences. Distribution, posting, or copying is strictly prohibited without
written permission of the National Academies Press.
Request reprint permission for this book.
ISBN: 0-309-56159-0, 188 pages, 8.5 x 11, (1997)
This PDF is available from the National Academies Press at:
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
We ship printed books within 1 business day; personal PDFs are available immediately.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental
Management: Summary of a Workshop
Committee on Remediation of Buried and Tank Wastes,
National Research Council
BARRIER TECHNOLOGIES for
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
Summary of a Workshop
Committee on Remediation of Buried and Tank Wastes
Board on Radioactive Waste Management
Commission Geosciences, Environment, and Resources
National Research Council
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C. 1997
i
About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files. Page breaks are true
to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please
use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose mem-
bers are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance.
This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by the Report Review Committee
consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
The work was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Contract No. DE-FC0194EW54069/R. All opinions, findings, conclusions,
and recommendations expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of Energy.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 96-72353
International Standard Book Number 0-309-05685-3
Additional copies of this report are available from: National Academy Press 2101 Constitution Ave., NW Box 285 Washington, DC 20055
800-624-6242 202-334-3313 (in the Washington Metropolitan Area) http://www.nap.edu
Cover art by Y. David Chung. Mr. Chung is a graduate of the Corcoran School of Art in Washington, D.C. He has exhibited widely through-
out the country, including the Whitney Museum in New York, the Washington Project for the Arts in Washington, D.C., and the Williams
College Museum of Art in Williamstown, Massachusetts.
Copyright 1997 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
ii
About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files. Page breaks are true
to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please
use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
COMMITTEE ON REMEDIATION OF BURIED AND TANK WASTES
THOMAS M. LESCHINE
*
, Chair, University of Washington, Seattle
DENISE BIERLEY, Roy F. Weston, Inc., Albuquerque, New Mexico
ROBERT J. BUDNITZ
†
, Future Resources Associates, Berkeley, California
THOMAS A. BURKE, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
ROBERT J. CATLIN, University of Texas (ret.), Houston
GREGORY R. CHOPPIN, Florida State University, Tallahassee
JAMES H. CLARKE, ECKENFELDER INC., Nashville, Tennessee
THOMAS A. COTTON, JK Research Associates, Inc., Arlington, Virginia
ALLEN G. CROFF, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee
RODNEY C. EWING
‡
, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
DONALD R. GIBSON, JR., TRW Environmental Safety Systems, Vienna, Virginia
JAMES H. JOHNSON, JR., Howard University, Washington, D.C.
W. HUGH O'RIORDAN, Givens Pursley & Huntley, Boise, Idaho
GLENN PAULSON, Paulson and Cooper, Inc., Jackson Hole, Wyoming
BENJAMIN ROSS, Disposal Safety Incorporated, Washington, D.C.
PAUL A. WITHERSPOON, University of California, Berkeley
RAYMOND G. WYMER, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ret.), Tennessee
Staff
ROBERT S. ANDREWS, Senior Staff Officer
DENNIS L. DUPREE, Senior Project Assistant
PATRICIA A. JONES, Senior Project Assistant
*
Chair as of May 9, 1996.
†
Chair until May 9, 1996
‡
Resigned December 4, 1995
iii
About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files. Page breaks are true
to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please
use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
BOARD ON RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT
MICHAEL C. KAVANAUGH, Chair, Malcolm Pirnie, Oakland, California
B. JOHN GARRICK, Vice-Chair, PLG, Inc., Newport Beach, California
JOHN F. AHEARNE, Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society, and Duke University, Research Triangle
Park and Durham, North Carolina
JEAN M. BAHR, University of Wisconsin, Madison
SOL BURSTEIN, Wisconsin Electric Power (ret.), Milwaukee
ANDREW P. CAPUTO, Natural Resources Defense Council, Washington, D.C.
MELVIN W. CARTER, Georgia Institute of Technology (emeritus), Atlanta
PAUL P. CRAIG, University of California (emeritus), Davis
MARY R. ENGLISH, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
DARLEANE C. HOFFMAN, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California
JAMES H. JOHNSON, JR., Howard University, Washington, D.C.
H. ROBERT MEYER, Keystone Scientific, Inc., Fort Collins, Colorado
CHARLES McCOMBIE, National Cooperative for the Disposal of Radioactive Waste, Wettingen, Switzerland
D. WARNER NORTH, Decision Focus, Inc., Mountain View, California
PAUL SLOVIC, Decision Research, Eugene, Oregon
BENJAMIN L. SMITH, Independent Consultant, Columbia, Tennessee
Staff
KEVIN D. CROWLEY, Director
ROBERT S. ANDREWS, Senior Staff Officer
KARYANIL T. THOMAS, Senior Staff Officer
THOMAS E. KIESS, Staff Officer
SUSAN B. MOCKLER, Research Associate
LISA J. CLENDENING, Administrative Associate
ROBIN L. ALLEN, Senior Project Assistant
REBECCA BURKA, Senior Project Assistant
DENNIS L. DuPREE, Senior Project Assistant
PATRICIA A. JONES, Senior Project Assistant
ANGELA R. TAYLOR, Project Assistant
ERICA L. WILLIAMS, Research Assistant
iv
About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files. Page breaks are true
to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please
use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
COMMISSION ON GEOSCIENCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND RESOURCES
GEORGE M. HORNBERGER, Chairman, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
PATRICK R. ATKINS, Aluminum Company of America, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
JAMES P. BRUCE, Canadian Climate Program Board, Ottawa, Ontario
WILLIAM L. FISHER, University of Texas, Austin
JERRY F. FRANKLIN, University of Washington, Seattle
DEBRA KNOPMAN, Progressive Foundation, Washington, D.C.
PERRY L. MCCARTY, Stanford University, California
JUDITH E. MCDOWELL, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts
S. GEORGE PHILANDER, Princeton University, New Jersey
RAYMOND A. PRICE, Queen's University at Kingston, Ontario
THOMAS C. SCHELLING, University of Maryland, College Park
ELLEN SILBERGELD, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore
VICTORIA J. TSCHINKEL, Landers and Parsons, Tallahassee, Florida
Staff
STEPHEN RATTIEN, Executive Director
STEPHEN D. PARKER, Associate Executive Director
MORGAN GOPNIK, Assistant Executive Director
GREGORY SYMMES, Reports Officer
JAMES MALLORY, Administrative Officer
SANDI FITZPATRICK, Administrative Associate
MARQUITA SMITH, PC Analyst & Project Assistant
v
About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files. Page breaks are true
to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please
use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished
scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology
and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863,
the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters.
Dr. Bruce Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National
Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration
and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for
advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs
aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements
of engineers. Dr. William A. Wulf is interim president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the
services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the
health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its
congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government, and upon its own initiative, to identify issues of
medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate
the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge and
advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy,
the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the
National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and
engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine.
Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and interim vice-chairman, respectively, of the
National Research Council.
vi
About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files. Page breaks are true
to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please
use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution.
www.national-academies.org
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
Acknowledgments
Many people assisted in the design and conduct of the Workshop on Barriers for Long-Term Isolation. The
Committee on Remediation of Buried and Tank Wastes thanks John Lehr, Office of Environmental Restoration
of the U.S. Department of Energy, for his support and participation as a general chair of the workshop. Other
general chairs for the workshop were committee members James Clarke of ECKENFELDER INC. and Paul
Witherspoon of the University of California at Berkeley. The committee also thanks Julie D'Ambrosia of
EnviroTech Associates, Inc., for her assistance with the planning and conduct of the workshop, and for providing
notes on the workshop to the committee. In addition, the committee thanks Glendon Gee of Pacific Northwest
National Laboratories, David Daniel of the University of Texas (now at the University of Illinois), Robert Mutch
of ECKENFELDER INC., and Paul Witherspoon, all of whom served as session chairs at the workshop.
Committee members James Clarke and Paul Witherspoon, along with committee staff officer Robert
Andrews and DOE contractor Julie D'Ambrosia, formed a steering group to develop the concept and structure of
the workshop. Susan Mockler, research associate for the Board on Radioactive Waste Management, assisted with
preparation and editing of the report and the articles prepared by the presenters. Dennis DuPree and Patricia
Jones, senior project assistants for the board, assisted in workshop logistics and registration and in preparation of
this report. Although this report is the product of the committee, we acknowledge initiatives of the steering group
to organize and conduct the workshop and to help prepare an early draft of the report.
The committee also acknowledges the contribution of the speakers at this workshop for providing their
papers for inclusion in this report.
Thomas Leschine, Chair
Committee on Remediation of Buried and Tank Wastes
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii
About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files. Page breaks are true
to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please
use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS viii
About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files. Page breaks are true
to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please
use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
Contents
Executive Summary 1
Introduction 3
Workshop Overview 4
Themes Identified at the Workshop 6
References 7
Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members A-1
Appendix B: Program Outline B-1
Appendix C: Participants C-1
Appendix D: Papers Presented D-1
CONTENTS ix
About this PDF file: This new digital representation of the original work has been recomposed from XML files created from the original paper book, not from the original typesetting files. Page breaks are true
to the original; line lengths, word breaks, heading styles, and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted. Please
use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution.
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop
http://www.nap.edu/catalog/5539.html
[...]... other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop http://www .nap. edu/catalog/5539.html APPENDIX B 15 APPENDIX B Workshop on Barriers for Long-Term Isolation:... typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop http://www .nap. edu/catalog/5539.html APPENDIX B 16 SURFACE BARRIERS II (CONT.) Earthen Materials in Surface Barriers *C... other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop http://www .nap. edu/catalog/5539.html APPENDIX C 17 APPENDIX C Workshop on Barriers for Long-Term Isolation:... other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop http://www .nap. edu/catalog/5539.html APPENDIX D 19 APPENDIX D Workshop on Barriers for Long-Term Isolation:... typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop http://www .nap. edu/catalog/5539.html APPENDIX D 21 DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF PERMANENT ISOLATION SURFACE BARRIERS AT THE HANFORD... barrier development program was started at the Hanford Site in 1985 to develop, test, and evaluate the effectiveness of various barrier designs A team of engineers and scientists have directed the barrier development effort ICF Kaiser Hanford Company (KH) has provided design support for barrier- related projects, and Westinghouse Hanford Company (WHC), Bechtel Hanford Incorporated (BHI), and the Pacific Northwest... typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop http://www .nap. edu/catalog/5539.html APPENDIX D 23 that has a high probability of lasting for 1,000 years or more For example,... and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop http://www .nap. edu/catalog/5539.html WORKSHOP OVERVIEW 5 Subsurface barriers are likely to be effective... demonstrated experience and skill • The need for knowledge concerning effective lifetimes for selected barrier materials and resultant barrier systems • The importance of periodic inspection, maintenance, and monitoring, both short- and long-term, of containment barriers • The current dearth of barrier performance monitoring data • The advantages of using barriers in combination with pump-and-treat... and other typesetting-specific formatting, however, cannot be retained, and some typographic errors may have been accidentally inserted Please use the print version of this publication as the authoritative version for attribution Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management: Summary of a Workshop http://www .nap. edu/catalog/5539.html APPENDIX C 18 Paul Pettit, Fernald Environmental Restoration Management . authoritative version for attribution.
www.national-academies.org
Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Barrier Technologies for Environmental. containment barriers.
• The current dearth of barrier performance monitoring data.
• The advantages of using barriers in combination with pump-and-treat approaches.
•
Ngày đăng: 16/03/2014, 18:07
Xem thêm: Barrier technologies for environment NAP