PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG wad punch 399 washer fluid Ww wad punch n tool with round cutting edge for cutting out holes in gaskets or other soft materials: Duïng cụ dập dấu tròn, đột lỗ roong wagon n = STATION WAGON wander n tendency of a vehicle to stray from its steered course; a fault caused by incorrect tyre pressure, worn steering linkage, etc.: Chao, đảo (bánh xe) Wankel engine n a rotary engine which uses no pistons; instead, triangular rotors revolve in specially shaped housings: Động Wankel (piston tam giaùc) (NOTE: named after the German engineer, Felix Wankel 1902 – 88, Felix Wankel [1902 ~1988]) warding file n.= KEY FILE: Cái giũa khe chìa khóa warm up v to run an engine until it reaches normal operating temperature: Làm ấm động động nguội trời lạnh (K-jetronic)  warm-up control until = until that produces the richer mixture needed for cold running and modulates fuel system pressure according to engine temperature; the until includes an electrically heated thermostatic spring, which reduces the force on a springloaded control diaphragm: Trước điều khiển hâm nóng động  warm-up enrichment = educed enrichment of the air / fuel mixture following cranking and after-start enrichment: Sự làm giàu hòa khí giai đoạn hâm nóng động warning lamp or light n small lamps on the instrument panel that light up if there is a problem: Đèn báo hư hỏng, báo lỗi (code) warning triangle n triangular red safety reflector that must be carried on all vehicles and be placed at the side of the road to warn of an obstruction ahead, such as a broken-down vehicle: Biển tam giác báo nguy hiểm warp n bending or twisting out of shape: Traïng thái cong, vênh v to bend or twist out of shape: Làm cong, vênh warranty n formal written declaration of good quality by the manufacturer of an article, including an agreement to repair or replace it if it is found to be defective within a certain period of time: Phiếu bảo hành washcoat n oxide layer on the catalyst substrate which increases with the active surface area: Lớp oxide chất xúc tác washer n flat disc or ring of metal, rubber, leather, etc., fitted under a nut to even out pressure and prevent damage to the part on which it bears, or to lock the nut in place, or used for spacing or as a seal: Long đền, vòng lót, vòng đệm washer fluid n fluid added to the water in the windscreen washer and rear screen washer reservoirs / Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG wash / wipe switch 400 bottles to improve the cleaning action and lower the freezing point: Chất lỏng rửa kính xe  wash / wipe switch n switch on the instrument panel that operates the rear screen wash/ wipe system: Công tắc hệ thống gạt / rửa kính sau (NOTE: the windscreen washer system, which includes an intermittent wipe, is usually located on the windscreen wiper control stalk) waste gate n a valve located on the exhaust side of the engine, with three connections: to the engine exhaust manifold, turbine, and silencer; most waste gates have a control line to the inlet manifold: Cửa xả hệ thống tăng áp waste spark method n in distributorless ignition systems, dual-spark coils fire two sparking plugs at the same time; one of these sparks is in a cylinder during its exhaust stroke, where the spark has no effect (waste spark); the other spark occurs in the cylinder near the end of the compression stroke: Tia lửa kỳ thải đánh lửa trực tiếp dùng bôbin đôi water- cooled a (engine) cooled by the passage of water: Được làm nguội nước (động cơ) (NOTE: opposite is air – cooled)  water cooling system n the normal cooling system used on most cars and lorries to keep the temperature of the engine down to a desirable level; engine heat is Watt linkage removed via water acting as a coolant which surrounds the cylinders in a water passages, coolant pump, thermostat, hoses, and radiator: Heä thống làm mát nước water injection (system) n system that prevents detonation in highcompression engines by injecting metered amounts of water into the inlet manifold where it mixes with the air/ fuel charge entering the engine; there the water spray turns to steam, cooling combustion and cleaning out old carbon deposits: Hệ thống phun nước vào đường ống nạp để chống kích nổ động có tỷ số nén cao water jacket n.the channels between the inner and outer shells of the cylinder block or head, through which coolant circulates to prevent overheating of the engine: AÙo nước (áo lót bao quanh xy lanh nắp động để dẫn nước làm mát)  water pump n in the cooling system, the mechanism that circulates the coolant between the water jacket and the radiator; usually a centrifugal pump, located preferably in the cold leg of the circuit (to reduce the risk of cavitation): Bơm nước  water temperature gauge n gauge on the instrument panel which indicates coolant temperature: Đồng hồ báo nhiệt độ nước làm maùt Watt linkage n a means of reducing or eliminating lateral movement of Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG waveband 401 a beam axle relative to the vehicle body, consisting of an upright member at the centre of the axle whose top and bottom are connected by rods to the sides of the body Watt: Thanh nối Watt để giảm lực trượt ngang waveband n series of wavelengths forming a group: Băng tần (radio) wax n a substance resembling beeswax in appearance and character, and in general distinguished by its composition of esters and higher alcohols, and by its freedom from fatty acids; used for underbody sealing, cavity sealing, and paintwork care: Chất sáp v to treat with wax: Làm bóng sáp  waxing n the formation of wax crystals in diesel fuel in freezing conditions, thus clogging the fuel filter and stopping the engine; avoided by the use of a fuel heater or fuel additives: Sự hình thành tinh thể dạng sáp dầu diesel điều kiện băng giá  wax injection or lancing n the injection of corrosion-inhibiting wax into car body cavities: Sự phun sáp chống ăn mòn  wax-type thermostat n thermostat in which the expansion of melting paraffin wax (in a rigid cylinder) deforms a moulded rubber membrane and displaces a piston / pin from the cylinder; this has the advantage of being insensitive to sudden temperature fluctuations or to the pressure in weather strip the system: Bộ điều chỉnh nhiệt (van nhiệt) loại sáp WD-40 n proprietary water-re pellent spray: Loại bình dầu thấm weak a (of A/ F mixture) = LEAN: Nghèo (hỗn hợp hòa khí) wear n the progressive loss of substance from the operating surface of a body occurring as a result of relative motion at the surface; rubbing away: Độ mòn  wear pattern = pattern of wear visible at the point where two parts touch: Vết mòn  wear resistance = ability to withstand conditions which cause a progressive loss of substance: Tính chống moøn  wear ring = (pump) ring used to prevent costly wear of the casing and impeller at the running joint; (fitted on both the casing and the impeller): Voøng chịu mòn bơm weathering n physical disintegration and chemical decomposition of materials on exposure to atmospheric agents: Sự thoái hóa vật liệu môi trường  weather resistant a able to withstand natural climatic conditions which cause surface deterioration: Có sức chịu đựng với thời tiết  weather strip n a rubber seal fitted to the body, e.g along a door aperture or bootlid, to prevent water, air and moisture from getting into the interior of the body: Vieàn cao su bọc quanh cửa Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG web 402 hay kính chắn gió để nước mưa khỏi lọt vào xe web n (a) internal reinforcement between panels: Điểm gia cố bên (b) = CRANK WEB: má trục khuỷu  webbing n woven nylon strap used for seal belts: Vải làm đai an toaøn  webbing grabber = device in an inertia reel seat belt that grips the belt webbing tightly in the event of sudden braking or impact: Cơ cấu rút dây ñai an toaøn wedge combustion chamber n wedge-shaped chamber with the valve in the longer sloping surface and the sparking plug in the shorter; the tapered part of the wedge forms a squish zone: Buồng cháy dạng hình nêm  wedge end n the flat peen of a peen and finish hammer, shaped like a wedge: Đầu mũi búa hình neâm  wedge expander n part of a mechanical drum brake system which forces the shoes apart into contact with the drum: Cơ cấu đẩy bố phanh weighbridge n device for measuring the weight of vehicles (especially lorries), consisting of a metal plate set into the road surface: Cầu cân xe weight n (a) (see DRY WEIGHT, GROSS VEHICLE WEIGHT, KERB WEIGHT): Trọng lượng welding jig (b) = BALANCE WEIGHT: Trọng lượng cân (miếng chì gắn vào niềng) (c) = ADVANCE WEIGHT: Quả văng (sớm ly tâm)  weight per unit area n indicates the thickness of metallic paint coatings in grams per square metre of surface area: Troïng lượng sơn đơn vị diện tích  weight transfer n the transfer of load from one end or side of the vehicle to the other when accelerating, braking or cornering: Chuyển dịch trọng tâm (khi tăng tốc, phanh quay vòng) Weissach axle n special double wishbone rear suspension developed by Porsche for the 928s to minimize the problems of oversteering: Trục xe loại Weissach welch plug n disc-shaped metal plug used to seal holes: Nút chêm dạng đóa kim loại welding n joining pieces of metal or plastic together by heating them to suitable temperatures, with or without the application of filler material: Sự hàn, kỹ thuật hàn  welding clamp = locking clamp with U-shaped jaws (which allow more visibility and working space), used to hold panels, bars, tubes, etc for welding: Cái bàn kẹp để hàn  welding jig = a special type of frame gauge used to establish the correct position of structural parts on the body prior to welding them in: Đồ gá lắp để hàn khung xe Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG welding rod 403  welding rod = (gas/arc welding) welding electrode supplied in individual lengths: Que haøn  welding wire = (MIG welding) welding electrode fed into the handset from a reel: Que haøn (MIG) weld-through primer n special paint used along spot welds or seams; it does not burn off during welding and thus offers good protection on the back of welded panels that would normally be inaccessible once welding is completed: Chất dùng để sơn lót suốt mối hàn well-base rim n wheel rim with a central channel or recess into which one side of the tyre bead can drop; the other side can then be forced over the rim for fitting or removal: Vành bánh xe nguyên khối  well-base wheel = ONE-PIECE WHEEL: Bánh xe nguyên khối W-engine n a rare engine design, basically similar to a V-engine, but using three instead of two cylinder rows: Động dạng chữ W wet clutch n friction clutch that uses an oil bath to dissipate heat: Bộ ly hợp ướt (chạy dầu để dẫn nhiệt)  wet galvanizing n galvanizing method in which the flux is deposited in molten from on the zinc bath, and the metal to be galvanized is introduced into the bath by passing it through this layer of flux: Sự mạ kẽm ướt (NOTE: opposite is dry galvanizing) wheel adapter  wet grip n road holding ability of a tyre on a wet surface: Khả bám bánh xe mặt đường ướt  wet liner n cylinder liner that is in direct contact with the coolant: Ống lót (sơ mi) xi lanh ướt (NOTE: opposite is dry liner)  wet motor n pump whose motor compartment is filled with liquid; submersible pumps are generally classified as wet motor types: Bơm có chất lỏng qua phần động (bơm ướt)  wet sleeve n = WET LINER: Ống lót xy lanh ướt  wet sump lubrication n the usual engine lubrication system in which the oil is carried in a sump below the crankshaft; such a system relies on gravity draining the circulated oil and needs no return pump: Hệ thống bôi trơn có ngăn chứa dầu phía wheel n.(a) a rotating, load-carrying member between the tyre and axle consisting of a rim and a wheel disc or spider; a wheel must be designed to support the tyre while withstanding loads from acceleration, braking and cornering; as part of the unsprung mass of a car, it must be light: Baùnh xe (b) (informal) = STEERING WHEEL: Baùnh lái, vô lăng  wheel adapter n spacer ring that adapts hubs to wheels with a different number of lugs, e g 4lug hubs to 5-lug wheels: Vòng chuyển tiếp để nối bánh xe khác số lỗ Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG wheel alignment gauge 404  wheel alignment gauge n gauge used to measure the distance between the rims of the front wheels: Dụng cụ cân chỉnh bánh xe  wheel balance or wheel balancing machine n a machine capable of locating static and dynamic wheel imbalance and determining the mass of the balancing weights required: Cân bánh xe máy cân bánh xe  wheelbase n distance between the centerlines of the front and rear wheels; for lorries with tandem rear axles, the rear centreline is considered to be midway between the two rear axles: Khoảng cách hai cầu xe (trước sau)  wheel bearings n the bearings in wheel hubs: ball bearings for drive shafts and taper roller bearings for driven hubs: Ổ lăn (bạc đạn) bánh xe  wheel bolt n bolts which are screwed into threaded holes in the wheel hub or at the axle flange; common on passenger car wheels and one-piece commercial vehicle wheels: Bu lông bánh xe  wheel brace n a cranked socket spanner for wheel nuts: Cái tuýp vặn ốc bánh xe  wheel camber n = CAMBER wheel changing n changing a defective wheel: Thay baùnh xe wheel chock n wedge-shaped block put under a wheel to prevent a vehicle from rolling: Vật chêm bánh xe để ngăn xe khỏi lăn wheel imbalance  wheel clamp n device attached to the wheel of a parked car to prevent it being driven away; used as an anti-theft device if attached privately, and a means of ensuring payment of a fine (to the authority to have the device removed) if parked illegally: Caùi khoaù baùnh xe để chống trộm (NOTE: US English is Denver boot)  wheel cover n metal or plastic disc fitted to the centre of a road wheel: Nắp chụp bánh xe  wheel cylinder n (drum brake) hydraulic brake actuating device; major parts are cylinder body, spring, cup expander, cup or piston seal, piston, dust boot, bleeder valve: Xy lanh (phanh)  wheel disc n part of the wheel that connects the rim to the hub; its design is governed by specific rim type, axle connection, brake contour, brake cooling, hub cap fixing, load capacity and attractive styling: Đóa bánh xe  wheel dolly n = DOLLY  wheel flutter n = WHEEL WOBBLE  wheel hub n = HUB: (Đùm) ổ trục bánh xe  wheelie n (informal) manoeuvre in which the front wheel (s) is/are lifted off the ground on sudden acceleration; originally practised on motorbikes: Động tác bánh tăng tốc đột ngột (xe gắn máy)  wheel imbalance: Sự cân bánh xe Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG wheel machine 405 wheel machine n a special shop tool used to shape steel and aluminium panels: Dụng cụ làm đồng eel judder n = SHIMMY  wheel load n that part of the vehicle weight resting on a single wheel: Tải trọng bánh xe  wheel lock n (a) condition in which the wheels stop turning as a result of excessive braking; leads to a skid: tình trạng bánh xe bị bó cứng phanh gấp (b) any anti-theft device for expensive (alloy) wheels: Khoá chống lấy cắp bánh xe  wheel marking n all disc wheels are marked (generally on the front side of the disc in the stud hole area) with the manufacturer’s trademark, the wheel number, rim size, and date of production: Sự ghi nhãn bánh xe  wheel mounting n the fitting of a wheel onto a hub: Sự lắp bánh xe wheel nut n one of several nuts which hold the wheel and tyre assembly on the car and are screwed on the studs: Đai ốc baùnh xe (NOTE:US English is lug nut)  wheel nut spider = crossshaped spanner with four socket heads: Cây tháo lắp bánh xe hình chữ thập wheel panel n the panel area around the wheel cutout in the wing; this term often also refers to a repair section for this area, as wheel stud this is a favourite rust spot on many cars: Vè bánh xe  wheel patter n vertical oscillation of a wheel making it hop up and down rapidly, either because of imbalance or because the tyre is faulty or badly fitted: Dao động dọc bánh xe cân bằng, lắp sai hư  wheel rim n the outer part of the wheel on the tyre is mounted: Niềng bánh xe  wheel rotation n swapping wheels around to compensate for unequal tyre wear and increase tread life; moving them from front of to rear is generally recommended and is the only safe method on vehicles fitted with directional tread tyres: Sự chuyển đổi bánh xe (lấy bánh trước gắn sau) để chống mòn tăng tuổi thọ  wheel shimmy or shudder n = SHIMMY  wheelslip n = WHEELSPIN  wheel speed sensor n electronic device for picking up the rotational speed of a wheel in order to inform the processing unit of an ASR or ABS system: Cảm biến tốc độ bánh xe  wheelspin n effect of too much throttle making the driven wheels turn too fast to grip the road surface; easily done on a wet or icy surface and leaves a telltale trace of rubber on a dry one: Sự trượt bánh xe (quay tròn)  wheel stud n one of several threaded bolts projecting from the Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG wheel tramp 406 wheel disc to which the wheel is secured by a wheel nut: Bu lông bánh xe  wheel tramp n = RADIAL RUN – OUT  wheel tree n a special stand for wheels, e.g for a complete set of summer or winter tyres, designed to prevent condensation and tyre deformation over extended storage periods: Giá đỡ bánh xe thời gian baûo quaûn  wheel trim n = WHEEL COVER: Nắp bánh xe  wheel trim emblem = plastic emblem with logo; self-adhesive backing adheres to hub cap or wheel cover centre cap: Biểu tượng nắp bánh xe  wheel weight tool n special automotive tool for use when balancing wheels; installs, trims and remes all types of clip-on wheel weights with a hammer head and pliers for installation and removal and a cutter for trimming: Dụng cụ cân bánh xe  wheel wobble n oscillation of the front wheels caused by unbalanced wheels, defective steering gear, etc: Sự đảo bánh trước whip aerial n long, thin, flexible aerial: Ăn ten xếp whipping or whirling n (of a drive shaft) tendency of a long rotating shaft to bend at high speed, like a bow or whip: Khuynh hướng võng xuống trục dài quay tốc độ cao window weatherstrip white metal n any of various (tinbased) alloys, such as Babbitt metal, still occasionally used for bearings: Hợp kim chống ma sát: hợp kim thiếc, chì ăn-ti-mon có nhiệt độ nóng chảy hệ số ma sát thấp dùng làm bạc lót  white lithium grease n type of grease that will not freeze, melt or wash off; used for speedometer and brake cables, door and bonnet hinges, door stop latches, boot springs, seat slide tracks, distributor cams, windscreen wiper mechanism, etc: Mỡ bôi trơn màu trắng có chất Lithi không đông, không chảy  white rust n loose, porous oxidation products formed on zinc when a lack of carbon dioxide occurs and water condenses on the surface of the work: Gỉ kẽm có màu traéng wide-nose peen hammer n a peen and finish hammer with an extrawide wedge end well suited to shaping of sharp corners and beads in panels: Đầu búa có mũi lớn  wide open throttle (WOT) n US = FULL THROTTLE Wilson gearbox n an early preselector epicyclic gearbox still used in buses: Hộp số Wilson (NOTE: named after British inventor Walter Gordon Wilson, 1874-1957) wind deflector n = AIR SHIELD: Tấm chắn gió  window weatherstrip n rubber or moquette sealing strip fitted in Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DUÕNG windscreen 407 the gap on either side of a sliding door window to seal the door gutter and prevent water getting in to the inventor of the door frame: Viền cao su bọc quanh kính xe windscreen or US windshield n forward-facing front window of a motor vehicle: Kính chắn gió xe (kính trước)  windscreen pillars n the front posts of the body shell which together with the scuttle and header panel form the windscreen aperture: Truï đỡ khung kính trước  windscreen shade band n = SUN SHIELD: Dãi màu tối kính trước để bớt choùi  windscreen surround n moulded rubber insulating strip round the windscreen: Đường viền cao su bao quanh kính trước windscreen washer n a person who washes windscreens: Người rửa kính windscreen wash / wipe system n system operated by the same lever on the control stalk that operates the wipers, which directs a jet of water onto the windscreen and activates the wipers for a short period: Hệ thống xịt gạt nước kính  windscreen wiper n electrically operated arm with a (renewable) rubber or plastic blade that wipes a windscreen clear of rain, snow, etc ; activated by a switch or lever on the instrument panel or control stalk: Cần (cái) gạt nước winter tyre windshield n US = WINDSCREEN win tunnel n tunnel-like chamber in which a current of air can be maintained at a constant velocity and in which motor vehicles (and aircraft, etc.) are tested to determine their aerodynamic properties and the effects of wind pressure: Ống thử khí động wind-up window n window that is manually operated with a winder: Kính quay tay wing n the car body panel that covers a road wheel and provides protection against splashes of mud, etc.: Taám khung chắn bùn phía bánh xe (NOTE: US English is fender)  wing mirror = rear-view mirror mounted on the wing; once common but now replaced by door mirrors: Kính chiếu hậu đặt capô wing nut n nut with two flat projections like wings so that it can be easily turned by hand: Đai ốc có tai hay cánh vặn  wing shield n small curved panel in front side window which deflects wind and reduces draught with the window open: typically made of transparent acrylic, clear or smoked: Tấm mica che cửa hông xuống kính winker n (informal) = DIRECTION INDICATOR winter tyre n a tyre with a deep tread suitable for winter conditions: Loaïi vỏ xe dùng cho mùa đông Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG wiper 408 wiper n short for windscreen wiper, rear wiper, headlamp wiper: Cần gạt nước wire brush n brush with wire bristles for removing loose paint, dirt, carbon, or rust from metal surfaces: Bàn chải sắt  wire glow plug n double-pole glow plug with an unsheathed wire loop; now superseded by sheathedtype glow plugs: Bougie xoâng cực  wire loom n = SPARKING PLUG CABLE LOOM  wire mesh n in catalytic converters with a ceramic monolith, a stainless-steel fabric used as a shock-absorbing support for: Lưới dây kim loại để chống rung cho xúc taùc wire spoke n part which connects the hub of a wire spoke wheel to the rim: Nan hoa vaønh xe wire strippers n pliers used for removing insulating material from the ends of the ends of electrical wire: Kìm tuốt dây điện  wire stripper / crimper tool = multi-purpose electricians’ pliers for cutting and stripping wire and crimping insulated or noninsulated solderless terminals when servicing the electrical system: Kìm cắt tuốt dây  wiring harness or wiring loom n vehicle wiring bound in a protective sheath, which aids installation as an integrated unit: Buối dây điện wiring pigtail n short length of wire, usually with connector, worm permanently attached to an electric component, such as an oxygen sensor: Đoạn dây ngắn nhô từ thiết bị điện (đầu nối)  wiring trough n longitudinal moulding that guides and conceals wiring.: Cái kẹp buối dây wishbone n transverse link shaped like an A or wishbone: Đòn chữ A (NOTE: US English is A-arm) withdrawal fork n = CLUTCH FORK wobble n side-to-side vibration; lateral runout: Sự dao động ngang  wobble extension (bar) n special extension with a unique male end that enables the user to drive the socket up to 150 from vertical: Đầu nối vào cần siết để quay nghiêng  wobble plate n = SWASH PLATE wood alcohol n = METHANOL: Rượu metanol, cồn thực vaät Woodruff key n semicircular key that slots into a curved keyway in a shaft to prevent rotational movement between the shaft and a hub or pulley: Then bán nguyệt, chốt cờ la vét working cycle n recurring sequence of events in the combustion process, e.g a four-stroke cycle: Chu trình làm việc  working cylinder n inner cylinder of a double-tube shock absorber: Xy lanh vận hành giảm xóc hai ống worm n short, rotating shaft on which a helical groove has been cut, as in a gear arrangement in which such Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DUÕNG worm-and-lever steering 409 a shaft meshes with a toothed wheel: trục vít  worm-and-lever steering = CAM-AND-LEVER STEERING: Hệ thống lái kiểu trục vít – đòn bẩy  worm-and-nut steering = steering system in which rotation of the worm causes a nut, which encloses it, to move up or down, thus turning the rocker shaft: Hệ thống lái kiểu trục vít - đai ốc  worm-and-peg steering = CAM-AND-LEVER STEERING: Hệ thống lái kiểu trục vít – đòn bẩy  worm-and-roller-steering = CAM-AND-ROLLER STEERING: Hệ thống lái kiểu trục vít - lăn  worm-and-sector steering = type of steering system in which rotation of the worm moves a Vshaped section of a toothed wheel at the top of the rocker shaft: Hệ thống lái kiểu trục vít - đoạn vòng cong  worm gear = device consisting of a short, threaded shaft (worm) that mates with a gearwheel (worm wheel) so that rotary motion can be transferred between two shafts at right angles to each other: Baùnh vít  worm wheel = gearwheel driven by a worm: Bánh nghiêng ăn khớp trục vít write-off WOT = WIDE OPEN THROTTLE: Bướm ga mở lớn wrapround a curving round in one continuous piece: Đường viền  wrapround windscreen = PANORAMIC WINDSCREEN wrench n a spanner, especially one with adjustable jaws: Chìa khóa (siết mở bù loong, đai ốc) wrinkling n (paint fault) the top coat tends to wrinkle to a smaller or greater degree if the outer paint coat dries too rapidly, preventing the underlying coats from drying properly; this also occurs if the paint film is too heavy: Nếp nhăn lớp sơn wrist pin n US = GUDGEON PIN: Chốt (ắc) piston write off v (a) to damage a car beyond repair or, for insurance purposes, so as to be not worth repairing: Phá hỏng xe đến mức sửa để đền bảo hiểm (b) (insurance assessor) to consider (a car) to be a total loss: Xác định xe bị hư hoàn toàn (bảo hieåm)  write-off n a car damaged beyond repair or so badly damaged as to be not worth repairing for insurance purposes: Sự phá hỏng xe đến mức không sửa để bảo hiểm đền Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG xenon zinc alloy 410 Xx Yy Zz xenon n colourless, odourless gas used in electric luminescent tubes to provide a bright light: a xenon stroboscope for ignition timing is strong enough to use in daylight.: Khí xenon (dùng bóng đèn súng cân lửa) X-flow cylinder head n = CROSSFLOW CYLINDER HEAD X-type frame n a frame design shaped like an elongated letter X that narrows to a strong junction at the centre section; it usually has three or more crossmembers to provide torsional stability but there are no crossmembers in the centre section of the vehicle.: Khung xe dạng chữ X yaw v to move or rotate about a vertical axis: xoay quanh trục đứng  yaw acceleration = a steady increase in the yaw angle: Gia toác xoay xe  yaw angle = angle of deviation between a vehicle's longitudinal axis and its true direction of motion, i.e the difference between the direction a vehicle is pointing when cornering and the direction in which it is actually moving.: Góc đảo lái Y-belt n Y-shaped belt design used to restrain babies in a baby seat.: Dây đai dạng chữ Y (dây đai an toàn cho em bé) Y configuration n Y-shaped connection of the three stator windings of an alternator: Các cuộn dây pha nối hình maùy phaùt Y-pipe n (exhaust system) Y-shaped down pipe connecting a twobranch exhaust manifold to a single exhaust pipe: Đầu ống pô dạng chữ Y Z-axle n a rear axle introduced with the BMW ZI in 1988, consisting of a trailing arm, one upper lateral link, one lower diagonal link, and a coil spring at each side; also included is an anti-roll bar: Cầu trục sau dạng chữ Z zebrano or zebrawood n striped hardwood used for interior trim as a cheaper alternative to burr walnut.: Gỗ ốp xe Zener diode n voltage regulator diode in electronic ignition and alternator output circuits.: Diod Zener (diod điều chỉnh điện áp mạch đánh lửa điện tử mạch ngõ maùy phaùt) zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) n vehicle which itself produces no emissions, such as electric powered vehicles.: Xe khoâng ô nhiễm (xe điện, xe hydro) ZEV = ZERO-EMISSION VEHICLE zinc n metallic element used in galvanizing metals, die-casting, as a constituent in various alloys, as abattery electrode, etc.: Keõm  zinc alloy = alloy whose main component is zinc: Hợp kim kẽm Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô PGS TS ĐỖ VĂN DŨNG zinc bath 411  zinc bath = GALVANIZING BATH  zinc-electroplating = ELECTROGALVANIZING: Mạ kẽm điện phân  zinc immersion treatment = pretreatment before electroplating; a thin zinc deposit forms by immersion of aluminium in a zinc solution which prevents further oxidation of the aluminium and provides a key for the galvanic coating: Xử lý trước mạ (ngâm vào dung dịch kẽm)  zinc-iron alloy layer = alloy layer formed on iron and steel during hot-dip galvanizing as a result of the diffusion of atoms from the molten zinc into the work and vice versa: Lớp hợp kim sắt kẽm (hình thành mạ nóng)  zinc phosphate coating = zincrich conversion coating produced by phosphating: Lớp photphat phủ kẽm  zinc plating = application of a zinc coating by galvanizing or electrogalvanizing: Mạ kẽm  zinc-rich paint / primer = paint containing an extremely high proportion of metallic zinc dust in the dry film (about 95% by weight), applied to iron and steel ZVD as an anti-corrosive primer; the application of zinc-based primer may be regarded as a less durable form of cold galvanizing.: Sơn giàu kẽm/ chất dùng để sơn lót zincrometal n trademark of a special type of coil-coated steel sheet with plastic and zinc dust coating, which is proving increasingly useful in automobile manufacture: Thép phủ nhựa kẽm zinc spraying n process for applying zinc coatings to iron and steel.: Sự phủ keõm zinc vapour deposition (ZVD) n process in which zinc vapour is deposited in a vacuum on the pieces being worked on.: trình kết tụ kẽm zirconia (ZrO2) n zirconium oxide, used in enamels and ceramic coatings.: Zirconium oxide (hợp chất xúc tác) zirconium n metallic element: Tên kim loại zirconi (NOTE: symbol: Zr; atomic number: 40) ZVD = ZINC VAPOUR DEPOSITION: Mạ kẽm Tự điển Anh – Việt chuyên ngành Công nghệ Ô tô