QUAN HE VIET NAM - CHAU AU BOC LAP, Tif CHIJ v£ Boi ]\GOAI CIJA VIET MAM TROi^G Hdi NHAP QV6C T£' WSSAN NAY Dai ta, TS. Nguyen Van Quang Vi^n Khoa hpcxa hpi nhan vdn Quan str, Bp Quoc phong Dgc lap, tu chii vd ddi ngoai Id mdt hidn tugng chinh tri - ddi ngoai ciia mgi qudc gia. dan idc dien ra xuydn sudt mgi thdi dgi. Trong giai doan hien nay. khi hdi nhdp qudc te dd trd thdnh mdt thuc tc khdch quan, mgt xu the ehi phdi su van hdnh ciia cd the gidi thi \icc nhdn thtic vd giai quyet diing dan mdi quan he giiia dgc lap. tu chii vd ddi ngoai vdi hdi nhdp qudc td la van dd thdi su chinh tri ndng bdng, lidn quan true tidp ddn su phdt trien nhanh hay chdm, thinh hay suy eiia nhidu nudc, trong dd cd Vidt Nam. Dgc lap, tu chii vc ddi ngoai Id vdn dd he trgng cua moi qudc gia. the hi^n d vice nd ludn phu thugc vdo van dd cd tinh nguydn tdc, quyet dinh hdt thdy Id dudng ldi ddi ngi ciia mdi qudc gia. Nhin chung, dudng ldi ddi ndi nhu thd ndo thi dudng ldi ddi ngoai nhu thd dy. Chinh vi vay, V.I.Ldnin dd timg khdi qudt: chinh sdeh ddi ngogi Id su keo dai ciia chinh sdch ddi ndi. Trai qua cdc giai dogn lich su, dudng ldi dgc lap, tu chu vd ddi ngoai ciia Viet Nam cung ndm trong vd ludn tuan thii vdn dd cd tinh quy luat nay. Tuy nhicn. do ydu cdu nhidm vu dung nudc va giii nudc d timg giai doan md dde lap, tu chu vd ddi ngoai mang nhiing net dac thii ridng bidt. Lich sir hang ngdn ndm dung nudc va giiJ nudc cua dan tdc Viet Nam da de lai nhidu bdi hgc kinh nghidm vd ddi ngogi quy bdu, truyen thdng ydu nudc. linh thdn quat khdi chdng ngogi xdm, y chi tu cudng dan tdc. bdo \d dgc lgp chti quyen qude gia, xay dung ddt nudc ngdy cang gidu manh. Muc tidu ddi ngi nhat qudn la xay dung ddt nudc hda binh, dan ehii, giau mgnh, hgp tdc ciing phdt tridn vdi mgi qudc gia, ddn tgc tren the gidi dd djnh hudng vd tao dung nen mgt trong nhiing net dac sdc ciia ddi ngogi Viet Nam Id dgc lap, tir chii. Ndi dung bdn chat cua nd la nhat qudn dung trdn co sd muc tieu dudng ldi kinh td, chirih tri, vdn hda, xa hoi, qudc phdng vd an ninh ciia Td quoc ma thuc hdnh sir nang dgng, sang tao trong ngoai giao: kdt hcxn-nhu^n nbj,iv/n r^V'it *-;Aj^ moi (^de la ft, tu' eltu o^ itd'i tt^tit 53 mdt CLia ddt nudc vdi ddi ngoai; vira hgp tdc vira dau tranh, vira ddnh vira ddm, vira cuong vira nhu, chdm lo xay dung moi quan he dodn ket, hiiu nghi vdi cae nudc Idng gidng, cac qudc gia tren thd gidi. Kd thira, phat huy Imyen thdng cua dan tgc, Chii tich Ho Chi Minh vd Ddng ta dd diie ket thanh nguyen tdc, phuang chdm "DT bdt biin, ung vgn biin" - net tu duy ddi ngogi dde sdc, dam tinh nhdn vdn, nhan logi vd thdi dai, dgc lap md hda ddng, tu chii md khdng vi ky, bidt lap. Nguydn tae, phuang chdm dd dugc van dung, phdt huy vd Ida sdng qua cdc thdi ky ddu tranh gidi phdng dan tde, hda binh thdng nhat cd nudc di len chii nghTa xd hdi. Cudi thd ky XX ddu thd ky XXI, Viet Nam budc vdo thdi ky doi mdi, khi hdi nhdp qude td trd thdnh mdt xu thd tdt ydu, ngdy cang trd nen sau rdng, cac dgi hgi cua Ddng Cdng sdn Viet Nam, mdi day Id Dgi hdi lan thir XI da vd dang chii truong: "Thuc hien dudng ldi ddi ngogi doc lap, tu chu. hda binh. hiru nghi, hgp tdc vd phdt trien; chu dgngva tich cue hdi nhdp qudc te" . Dai hgi dinh hudng mgi hoat ddng ddi ngogi tap trung gidi quyet mdi quan he giiia dgc lap, tu ehu vdi hgi nhap qudc td. Dd gidi quydt dugc mdi quan he nay, ben canh viec ndm vihig nhihig dac diem cua thdi dgi, bdi cdnh qudc te va khu vuc, cdn nhgn thiic rd mgt sd thudn Igi va khd khan song hanh do hdi nhgp qudc Van up" i^'>; ^A NxbI - - - te dem lgi vdi ddi ngoai ciia Viet Nam nhu sau: Thu nhdt. vdi bdn chat cda hdi nhdp qudc td Id qud trinh cdc nudc tdng cudng sir gdn kdt vdi nhau tren eo sd nen tdng Id su chia sd lgi ich, myc tieu, gid trj ngudn luc, quydn lire vd tudn thu cdc ludt choi chung trong khudn khd eae dinh che, td chirc qudc te ndn hogt ddng ddi ngogi se cd nhieu co hdi md rgng, di sau vao mgi Imh vuc eua ddi sdng the gidi, gdp phdn ciing cdc mat hogt ddng ciia qudc gia nham mau chdng cu the hda cdc muc tidu ddi ndi dd dat ra. Tuy nhidn, do phdi chia sd Igi ich vd cdc gid tri ngudn lire, quydn luc cua minh vdi cdc nudc theo nhung quy djnh bat budc cua "cudc choi" nen cae mue tidu ddi ndi cua cdc nudc ciing nhu Viet Nam se khdng thd thuc hien dugc tridt dd, keo theo tinh chdt dgc lap, tu ehii ve ddi ngoai sd bi tdc dgng d nhiing pham vi khde nhau vd miic do nhdt dinh. Thu hai. khdc vdi hgp tae quoe te don thudn trudc ddy - hdnh vi cdc ehii the qude te dap ling Igi ich, nguyen vgng cua nhau, khdng chdng ddi nhau, thi nay hdi nhap qudc td vugt len trdn su hgp tde thdng thudng do. Nd ddi hdi su chia se vd tinh ky ludt eao ciia cdc chii thd tham gia. Khi cdc cam ket qudc Id duge ky kdt, se tgo ra dieu kien phap Iy, nang cao tinh ddng thudn vd tinh chu dgng thuc hidn cho cdc chii the trong mdt nudc va nhidu nudc ciing hgp lire tgo nen sue manh tdng hgp cho hogt ddng ddi vdi ben ngodi 54 NGHIEN COU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°4 (139).2012 nhdm cu thd hda mgc tidu ddi ngi cua minh. Trdi lai, khi lgi ich, quyen lgi hay nghTa vy ciia cdc nudc khdng thyc hign duge hay khdng thyc hi?n thi sire dp ciia nhiing cam kdt qude te ban dau chi don thuan ve m^t ky thudt hay kinh td se mau chdng chuydn hda thdnh siic dp phdp ly vd chinh trj qudc td. nhieu khi Id cd siic ep quan sy, quoe phdng \a an ninh tir mgi the che kinh td, chinh tri. khdi nudc khdc nhau, gidng keo, chuyen hda lugt phdp ciia moi nudc vd chia re cac chu the trong mgt nudc hay nhieu nude vdi nhau, de dga true tidp den su dgc lap, tu chii ciia ddi ngoai cung nhu sir kien dinh eac myc tidu ddi ndi ciia mdi nudc, trong dd ed Vict Nam. Thir ba. xu the hdi nhdp ve ehinh tri tgo nen vd vdn thdi co vd thuan lgi Idn ddy ray thdch thtJrc vd khd khdn vdi dudng ldi ddi ngogi dgc lap, tu chii ciia mdi nudc. Du vd tinh hay hiiu y, hdi nhdp qudc tc vd chinh tri vdn dang didn ra lang Ic. dm tham vd dm tham; cung cd Iiic sdi dgng la thudng, tir thdp ddn cao tren mgi mat eiia ddi sdng ciia mdi qudc gia hay binh dien khu vye vd qudc td nhu mgt tat yeu khdch quan, khdng loai trir mdt chd do, mgt the ehd ehinh trj ndo. O giai dogn thdp^, sy lidn kdt giO'a cdc thdnh vidn cdn han chd vd cdc thdnh vidn van co bdn giir dugc thdm quyen dinh doat chinh sach ridng ciia nudc minh. Mdt vi du didn hinh la ^ Xem: Pham Quoc Tru, Hpc vi?n Ngo^i giao, Hpi nhdp quoc te- Mgt so van di ly lugn va thuc tiin, 31- 8-201 i, http://nghiencuubiendong.vn ASEAN hi?n nay. Hidp hdi cdc qudc gia Ddng Nam A nay van dang trong giai doan dau qud trinh hgi nhap ay ndn van cdn tdn tai nhidu sy khdc bi?t vd dg tin edy giiia cdc thdnh vien cdn han ehe. Theo do, tinh chat dgc lgp, ty chii vd dudng ldi ddi ndi va dudng Idi ddi ngoai cdn dugc de eao. Vai tro dgc lap, tu ehii, quydn ty quydt ciia cac chu thd quoc gia, chii thd ddi ngogi cdn dugc the hidn va tdn trgng. Khi tidn trinh hodn tdt xay dung Cdng ddng ASEAN dua tren 3 try cot (chinh tri - an ninh, kinh td va vdn hda - xa hdi) duge thuc hidn se giup qua trinh hgi nhdp chinh tri budc tdi mdt giai dogn cao hon, ddng nghTa vdi dgc lap, tu chii tren mgi phuong didn ndi chung vd doi ngogi ndi rieng cung ddi mat vdi nhiing thdch thirc, nguy eo Idn hon. O giai dogn cao (chua dien ra d ASEAN ndi chung vd Viet Nam noi rieng) nhu EU hidn nay, vide ddi hdi sir tuong ddng vd chinh trj vd do tin cay hodn todn ciia cae thdnh vien la rat cao. Ve mat to chuc quyen luc nhd nudc, cdc thdnh vien chi edn giiJ lai sd it thdm quydn nhdt dinh d cap qudc gia, cdn trao da sd cdc quyen lyc ay cho mdt CO cau chinh tri sidu qudc gia. Do muc tidu ddi ndi, lgi ich ciia cdc qudc gia nhd be vd thap dan di dugc thay thd bdi nhirng muc tieu to Idn ciia ca cdng ddng, se keo theo sir dgc lap, tu ehii ve ddi ngogi bi tridt tieu, loai tru den miic thap nhdt. Quydn ty quydt cua cdc qudc gia bj xem thudng, tinh chat doi ngogi dgc lap, tu chii gdn nhu hoan todn bj chi nhdi va-Jan. at- hdi. tinh oK3t nh.i ihugc. (Ddetiifi, iu'eltu o^(toi uffOtii 55 chd dp vd dp dat, sdu hon la su can thidp ciia ca cdng ddng EU. Hy Lap hidn nay - mdt vi du dien hinh vd sy "ngup lan" lim kidm eon dudng "thodt hiem" va hdng khdi phuc lgi quyen tu quyet dan tgc vd dgc lap, tu chii dd mat tren nhieu phuang dien eiia minh. Thit lu, hgi nhap qudc td ngdy cang sau vdo mgt "sdn choi" da dgng cac ddi tdc lan ddi tugng, phuong phdp vd phong cdch ddi ngoai khdc nhau sc tgo didu kidn phdt tridn loan dien tri tud. tang cudng ngudn luc vd nang cao ban ITnh dgc lap, tu chii ciia ngoai giao Viet Nam. Tuy nhien, su bdn viing, ddo dai ciia dgc lap, lu chii ve ddi ngoai hidn nay ciing dang ddi mat vdi nhimg sue ep Idn lao tir hdi nhdp qudc te, nhu phdi cd su du bdo chinh xdc, hidu diing nguy ca. ndm vihig thdi CO, hay sy nhgy ben, sac xdo trong sy thye hdnh tdm cdng ddi tdc, ddi tugng; su kidn dinh nguyen tac md iing xir linh hoat hay tu duy dgc lap, tu chii, sang tgo, ldm chii qua trinh ddi ngoai ciia minh Khdng dinh minh hay ddnh mat minh tren ITnh vuc ngogi giao Id van dd ndi len can gidi quyet khi hdi nhdp sau han vdo mdt "sdn choi" qudc td rdng Idn vd da trd thdnh mdt xu the khdch quan, nhu cdu tdt yeu cua mgi qudc gia. Trong giai dogn phdt trien mdi ciia dat nudc - giai dogn phdt huy sire manh todn dan toe, day manh todn dien cdng cugc ddi mdi, tao ndn tdng dd den nam 2020 nudc ta co ban trd thdnh nudc cdng nghidp hidn dgi, nhidm vu trung tdm ciia cdng tac ddi ngoai Viet Nam la "giu virng mdi trudng hda binh, ihiicm lgi cho day mgnh cdng nghiep hoa, hien dgi hda, bdo ve vung chac doc lap, chit quyin, thdng nhdt vd lodn ven lanh thd; ndng cao vi thi cua ddt nudc; gdp phdn tich cue vdo cudc ddu tranh vi hda binh. dgc lap ddn tgc, ddn chii va lien bd xa hdi Iren the giai "^ Dd thyc hien thdng lgi nhiem vu ehinh trj ndy, ddi ngoai Viet Nam phai tidn hdnh ddng thdi nhidu hoat dgng khac nhau. De gidi quydt mdi quan he giu-a dgc lap, tu ehu vd hdi nhdp qudc td can lam tdt mdt sd vdn dd CO bdn sau ddy. Mgt Id, ddi ngoai Viet Nam phdi qudn triet sdu sdc vd thuc hdnh dung lu ludng xdy dung thuc luc mgnh. Thyc hien diing lu tudng ngoai giao Hd Chi Minh: "Thuc lire mgnh, ngogi giao se thdng lai Thuc luc Id cdi chiing md ngogi giao Id cdi tieng Cdi chieng cd lo tieng mdi lan " . Tu tudng nay khdng dinh bdn chat, ngudn gde ciing nhu didu kien eiia siic mgnh ngoai giao Viet Nam la thyc lyc. Thuc luc duge hieu diing nghTa la ca sire mgnh vat chat Idn siic manh tinh thdn ddu do dgc lap ty chii, tu luc cdnh sinh, tu cudng, ty tgo nen ma cd; "mudn ngudi la giiip cho, thi trudc hit minh phdi tu giup Idy minh dd"^. Dieu kien de bdo dam dgc lap, tu chii vd ddi ngoai hidn nay Id giu' viing dn ^ Van kien Dgi hoi Dai bieu loan qudc lan thu XI, Nxb Chinh tri Qu6c gia, Wk Noi, 2011, tr.236. " Ho Chi Minh loan tap. tap 4, Nxb CTQG, Ha Noi, 2000, tr. 126. ^ H6 Chi Minh loan tap. tgp 2, Nxb CTQG, Ha NOi, 2000, tr.293. 56 NGHIEN COU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°4 (139).2012 dinh vd chinh lri, xa hgi; kinh td tdng trudng nhanh vd bdn virng; cimg cd quoe phong - an ninh viJng mgnh; xay dyng nguon nhdn lyc ddi ngoai trung thdnh vd chuydn nghidp; da dang hoa. da phuang hda cac quan h? quoc te; thidt lgp vd duy tri thudng xuydn trgng thai quan h? qudc Id can bang vdi cdc nudc Idn. cdc trung tam tdi chinh, kinh Id Idn, cac nhom, khoi nudc khu vuc cd dnh hudng Idn trdn thd gidi. Khi cdc thyc lyc ndy ngdy cang dugc xay dyng 1cm manh, ngogi giao Vipt Nam khdng nhiing giii virng dugc dgc lap, ty chii. vai trd. uy tin ngdy cdng khdng djnh vd tang cudng tren trudng qude te, md cdn cd thd chii ddng tham gia, lan toa su dnh hudng vd lien tdi chi phdi nhat dinh ddn cdc quan he qudc td, cdc quyet sdch qudc te. Hai Id, ddi ngogi Viet Nam phdi kiin dinh lgi ich qudc gia. ddn tdc gdn lien vdi dodn ket vd hgp tdc qudc ti Mgi hogt dgng ddi ngoai xet ddn cung cung vi lgi ich ciia ddn tdc Viet Nam; cu thd Id "mudn ldm gi cUng cdn vi lgi ich cua ddn tgc md ldm " nhu Hd Chi Minh da dgy. Lgi ich eiia dan tdc Id muc dich chinh trj tdi cao, khdng thd tir bd cua ngogi giao. Xa rdi myc dich nay, mgi hogt dgng ddi ngoai ddu trd ndn vd nghTa, mat hdt sire sdng. Cho ndn, mgi sy dodn ket, hgp tdc hay hdi nhdp qudc td hidn nay, tat thdy ddu phdi dua tren, hudng vdo vd xoay quanh cdi true "dT bdt bidn" ndy. Trong dd, chinh trj, quoc phdng, an ninh Id nhihig lgi ich cd tinh nguydn tdc, khdng thd nhan nhugng, thda hi?p. Cd nhu vdy, bdn chdt cua dgc lap, ty chii trong hgi nhdp qudc le moi dugc thyc hidn vd thyc hi?n theo dting nghTa: "Dgc lap nghia la chung tdi diiu khien lay mgi cdng vi$c ciia chiing tdi, khdng cd su can thiep a ben ngodi"' Tuy nhidn nhu da ndi d tren, ban chdt ciia hgi nhdp Id su chia se Igi ich, muc lieu, gid trj ngudn lyc, quydn luc vd tudn thii cac ludt choi chung; vd mgt sd hgc gid cung timg canh bdo vd nhiing mdt trdi ciia hdi nhdp la ed "nhiing didu kidn ddnh ddi giiia kinh te va chinh trj"^. Cung vcri dd. dgc lap, tu chii cua Viet Nam hodn todn khdc vd ban chat va ludn xa la vdi tu tudng biet lap, khep kin, chu nghTa dan tdc cue doan vd biet phdi. Dde lap Id thuc hidn cdc quydn dan tgc co ban trong dieu kien cimg bao dam lgi ich cua cac ddn tgc dan xen, chdng chdo. Cho ndn, ddi ngogi ciing phdi thuc hdnh "ling vgn bien", theo do, sy chia sd he thdng cdc lgi ich ve kinh te, khoa hgc va cong nghd, vdn hda, xa hdi, gido due, y td, mdi trudng phdi dua tren cac nguydn tdc: I) Tdi uu hda cdc lgi ich qudc gia va lgi ich trong nudc; 2) Chia se cimg cd lgi vdi cac nudc, td chirc qudc td va khu vyc; 3) Khdng de sy chia se bdi hai loi ich trdn ddy chuyen hda, tac dgng, anh Ho Chi Minh noi chuyen lgi Hgi nghi ngogi giao lan thu ba, 1964. Ho sa luii tr& ciia Bg Ngoai giao. ^ H6 Chi Minh toan tap, tdp 5, Nxb CTQG, Hil N^i, 2000, tr. 136. * ve LSm, //pi nhgp qudc ti chu dgng se tdng cudr^ dc"'^" *•'-"'••"• '-'^""'-".vj - _:" -:„, com.vn (i)deliip., tu efiu oi. itdl ngA)ui 57 hudng Idn ddn he thdng lgi ich chinh trj, qudc phdng, an ninh. Gidi quydt dugc vdn dd co bdn tren day vd lgi ich ddn tgc vd lgi ich qudc td cung ddng nghTa vdi tdng cudng dgc lap, ly chii cua doi ngoai Vi?t Nam trong hdi nhdp qudc td. Thyc hien tdt muc lidu ciia hgi nhdp qudc Id Id tap hgp lye lugng ben ngoai, tranh thu su ddng tinh, iing hg vd giiip dd qude te ldm tdng thdm khd ndng ty lyc tu cudng, tgo didu kien lam chuydn bidn so sdnh luc lugng vat chdt vd tinh thdn cho cdng cudc ddi mdi. Dgc lap, tu chu ludn gdn vdi dodn kdt, hgp tdc qudc td, ddng thdi ket hgp vdi ddu tranh kien quydt md khdn kheo dd thuc hien muc tidu chien luge Id xdy dung vd bao ve thdnh cdng Td quoc Viet Nam vdi tinh cdch Id Td qudc xd hgi chu nghTa. Ba Id, ddi ngogi Viet Nam cdn chit dgng tham gia vdo cdc tiin trinh khu vuc vd qudc le, neu cao cdnh gidc vd cd cdc bien phdp phil hgp trong hdi nhdp qudc te. Dgc lap vd tu chii vd ddi ngoai cua Viet Nam hidn nay ludn ndm trong cdc mdi luong quan chien luge giira cdc nudc Idn, cac trung tam quydn luc tren qudc td; giiia sy dn djnh, phdt tridn hay bdt dn, khiing hoang d khu vuc Ddng Nam A vd Chdu A - Thdi Binh Duong; giQ-a tuong quan lyc lugng cac ddi tac vd ddi tugng. Tinh bidn chiing ciia van de dgc Idp, tu chu khdng chi bao gdm viec khdc phuc su Id thudc, phu thudc, chdng dp dgt, Idi kdo, chi phdi, can thi?p vao cdng viec ndi bd hay bj dgng, bat ngd trude nhu'ng dien bidn ciia mdi trudng qudc te, sy hgp tdc ciia ddi tdc hay chdng doi ciia doi tugng ma chii ydu cdn Id ndu cao va phdt huy tinh chii ddng trong vide tham gia vdo mgi ngi dung, tien trinh hoat dgng ciia khu vyc vd qudc td. Dinh hudng hogt d0ng ddi ngogi, Dai hdi XI ciia Dang xdc djnh phdi: "Chit dgng ngdn ngira vd gidm thieu tdc dgng lieu cue cua qud trinh hgi nhdp qudc li. Tham gia cdc ca chi hgp tdc chinh tri, an ninh. kinh te song phuang vd da phuang vi lgi ich qudc gia tren ca sd tdn trgng cdc nguyin tdc ca bdn cua lugt phdp qudc ti. Hien chuang Liin hgp qudc " Mudn dgc lap, tu ehu trong ddi ngogi phdi ludn chu ddng tham gia vdo mgi tidn trinh hoat dgng qudc Id, vdi tu cdch la ngudi trong cudc. Phdi bidt ro dugc mgi vide qudc td dang hgp tdc vdi nhau vd nhiing y djnh cimg nhau trong luong lai dd mau chdng cd cdc dy bdo chidn luge va true tiep dd xuat nhiing sang kidn ciia minh trong cac thda thuan qudc td, khai thdc tdi da su img hd, hgn chd thdp nhdt nhiing khac biet, bdt ddng, hudng ldi vd giai quydt tridt dd cdc mdu thudn tir bdn ngodi. Tidp do, phai tham gia cd trach nhi?m ddi vdi sy dn dinh ciia cd khu vuc va qudc td. Phai lam cho cac nudc, khdi nudc, cac thd chd, thiet chd thay ro nhan Id va vai trd ciia Viet Nam, cdc van de cua Viet 58 NGHIEN CLfU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°4 (1391.2012 Nam ciing la vdn dd cua khu vyc. quoc id, qua dd Cling hgp lyc thyc hi^n nhiing de xuat, sdng kien cua Vi?l Nam, Mdt khdc, cung phdi ludn dc eao cdnh gidc trong quan he ddi ngogi vd hgp lac qudc id. Tich cyc thyc hidn phuang chdm da dang hda, da phuang hda cdc quan he qudc Id, "thdm bgn bdt thil". dung doi lac chuyen hda vd Iript lieu ddi tugng. Bdng nhidu ngi dung, blpn phdp thieh hgp chdng ehu nghTa eo hgi vc chfnh trj, sy lira ddo vd "chyp dut" vd kinh te; bang nhidu hinh thiic ddi ngogi phu hgp, ehii dgng tien cdng cdc thd lyc thii dich tir bdn ngodi Idnh thd Viet Nam, thyc hdnh tot tu tudng "ngogi giao la mdt mat Iran". Bdn la. ndng cao tri lue, bdn ITnh ngogi giao Viet Nam. Trong xu thd hgi nhgp qudc te hidn nay, sy hieu biet ve todn didn mgi mat ciia ddi sdng kinh tc. chfnh trj, xa hgi, qudc phdng, an ninh ciia ddt nudc, ciing nhu qudc Id va khu vyc Id siic mgnh cua ngogi giao Viet Nam. Trong dd, didm mdu chdt cua su hidu bidt la: Ndm viing ndi dung, xu thd van ddng phdt tridn tdt ydu cua thdi dai vd mue tieu cua each mgng Vidt Nam; Hieu rd lyc lugng cdch mang trong nudc, khu vye vd qudc td, phuang thirc phdt huy sire mgnh dan tdc vd siic manh thdi dai; Hidu bidt sau sdc vd phuong phdp, nghd thudt ngogi giao, nhdt Id tu duy dgc lap, ty chii, sang tgo vd phong cdch img xir linh hoat, cam hda vd thuyet phue ddi tdc; Ndm ehdc cdch thiic cd lap, chd dp vd tien cdng doi tugng; Ndm vihig vd tan dyng dugc thdi co, phdt hign vd lgi dung dugc mdu thuan ciia ddi phuong Cd dugc sy hidu biet, tri tug vd sdng sudt dd se giup hogt dgng ddi ngogi di diing phuong hudng, xdy dyng dugc ddi ngu cdn bg ngogi giao cd bdn ITnh chinh trj viing vang. dgo diie each mang trong sdng, trung thanh vd hgn vdi Td qudc, cd phong each ngogi giao chuyen nghidp, khdng roi vdo trang thdi bj ddng, bat ngd hay nhiing tdc dgng. ldi keo trude nhimg van dd ciia thdi cugc. Thyc hanh dung tu ludng eua Dang: "Trong bdt cir hodn cdnh ndo cung cdn kiin djnh y chi dgc lap, tu chu vd neu cao tinh than hgp tdc qudc ti, phdt huy cao dg ndi luc, ddng thai tranh thii ngogi luc kit hap yeu to truyin thdng vdi yiu td hien dgi". Den ddy, xem ra mgi viec dgc lap, tu chii trong hgi nhdp qudc id khdng chi phu thugc vdo chinh sdch ddi ndi md cdn phy thugc rdt nhieu vdo cd ddi ngogi niia. Nam viing nhiing chidu hudng thudn Igi, kho khdn vd tdc dgng cua hgi nhgp qudc td; kidn quydt thuc hdnh mdt sd van de co ban tren day, ddi ngogi Viet Nam khdng nhimg ngdy cang khdng djnh dugc vj the, ndng ldm hogt dgng, dnh hudng ciia minh tren trudng qudc Id ma cdn viing tin, sdn sang vung budc vao mgt sdn choi todn cau vdi diing nghTa Id mgt ngudi bidt ldm chii cudc choi./. . 31- 8-201 i, http://nghiencuubiendong.vn ASEAN hi?n nay. Hidp hdi cdc qudc gia Ddng Nam A nay van dang trong giai doan dau qud trinh hgi nhap ay ndn van. cd cdc bien phdp phil hgp trong hdi nhdp qudc te. Dgc lap vd tu chii vd ddi ngoai cua Viet Nam hidn nay ludn ndm trong cdc mdi luong quan chien