HAIPHONG PRIVATE UNIVERSITY SUBJECT: MANAGEMENT SKILLS THE ART AND THE SCIENCE OF MANAGEMENT Lecturer: Dr Thai Van Vinh Group: Hong Duyen Nguyen Huyen Trinh Thuy Tuong Linh Phuong Thao Nguyen Trang CONTENT  Introduction  Definitions  Four functions of management  The science and art in management  Conclusion “It is argued that management is both a science and an art An effective and efficient manager needs to employ skills of both aspects” I INTRODUCTION The importance of management in our life  A vital aspect  To manage effectively and efficiently each manager need know how to manage ingeniously in specific circumstance  Management is a social science, and deals with the behavior of people in organization II DEFINITIONS MANAGEMENT  Dr Thai Van Vinh supposes: “Management is the process of achieving organizational goals through engaging in the four functions of planning, organizing, leading and controlling DEFINITIONS SCIENCE  “The intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behavior of physical and natural world through observation and experiment…” (Oxford Dictionary) DEFINITIONS ART  “A discovery and development of elementary principles of nature into beautiful forms suitable for human use” (Frank Lloyd Wright,1957) DEFINITIONS Effectiveness is the ability to choose appropriate goals and achieve them  goals must be appropriate and  those goals must be achieved Efficiency is ability to make the most appropriate use of available resources in the process of achieving your goals  Effectiveness is concerned with goal attainment, while efficiency is concerned with resource usage ( According to Vinh Thai, 2013 ) III FUNCTIONS OF A MANAGER PLANNING CONTROLLING ORGANIZING LEADING A PLANNING  “Planning is an intellectually demanding process; it requires the conscious determination of courses of action and the basing of decisions on purpose, knowledge and considered estimates” (According to Koontz, O’Donnell and Weihrich, 2005) FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - CONTROLLING Controlling has got basic purposes  Facilitating co-ordination  Helping in planning Main steps of controlling (According to Vinh Thai,2013)  Monitoring of activities  Comparing actual results with targets  Taking the necessary steps to ensure that the organization is on track FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - CONTROLLING Features of controlling function  Controlling is the last step in management (Planning - Organizing – Leading – Controlling) For example: You have been working as a management for a shipment company To a contract you have to ship a container of salt to a factory in Haiphong When your employees finished the work, you must enquire them to summit the report about the date, time of the shipment whether it’s correct in the contract also all the invoices needed FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - CONTROLLING  Controlling is a pervasive function: All levels of managers need to perform it (Top – Middle – Low-level managers)  Controlling is a dynamic process: review methods and changes can be made wherever possible For example: Banks control the use of their savings, loans and other account If the banks detect any trouble with their customer’s accounts, they can’t make any withdrawals FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - CONTROLLING  Controlling is forward looking- because effective control is not possible without past being controlled Controlling always looks to future so that follow-up can be made whenever required  Without planning, controlling is a meaningless exercise and without controlling, planning is useless  A manager should be flexible, understand the situation, give reasonable and multiple criteria and take the corrective actions IV THE SCIENCE AND ART OF MANAGEMENT A THE SCIENCE OF MANAGEMENT  Ensure the compliance with the law of movement in nature and society  Use scientific achievements such as : philosophy, economics, mathematics, computer science, cybernetics And the actual experience in the practice of management  Assure compliance with the conditions and situations of the organization during the specific period B THE ART OF MANAGEMENT  Art is a skill also a great technique  Management must understand the characteristic, psychology and ability of all members in the organization THE ART OF MANAGEMENT  The art of communication and negotiation in business  The art of the decision-making THE ART OF MANAGEMENT  Art is very necessary to each manager It requires the manager not only know the ways to use the scientific achievements effectively in their particular circumstances but also they have to cumulate the experiences of others for themselves  Science is understanding knowledgeable system, and art is selection knowledge The art of management is the ability of manager in solving effectively the tasks set out in a clever way THE SCIENCE AND THE ART OF MANAGEMENT How to be an effective and efficient manager? HOW TO BE A EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT MANAGER? The managers need three major skills for effective performance at different levels of management:  Conceptual  Human  Technical ( According to Vinh Thai, 2013) HOW TO BE A EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT MANAGER?  Try to build personal relationships with their teams  Know when their employees need more development, and how to ensure those developments are successful  Seek improvement in themselves EFFECTIVE MANAGER EFFIECIENT MANAGER Does the right things Does things right Applies the knowledge Acquires knowledge Work smarter Works harder Exploits opportunities Solves problems See an opportunity in every problems See a problem in every opportunity Interprets data Collects data Makes money Saves money Optimizes profit Maximizes profit HOW TO BE A EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT MANAGER?  Managers change results of the organization by their decision Actions of managers affect to the organization but also the factors influencing beyond the control of management  Management is both a science and an art It is expressed through the application of the theory, the management principles in specific situations IN YOUR OPINIONS HOW TO BE A EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT MANAGER? ... MANAGEMENT  Art is a skill also a great technique  Management must understand the characteristic, psychology and ability of all members in the organization THE ART OF MANAGEMENT  The art of. .. science, cybernetics And the actual experience in the practice of management  Assure compliance with the conditions and situations of the organization during the specific period B THE ART OF. .. functions of management  The science and art in management  Conclusion “It is argued that management is both a science and an art An effective and efficient manager needs to employ skills of both