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Học sinh phân biệt được cách dùng các động từ khuyết thiếu và có baaif tập áp dụng đi kèm. Bám sát chương trình các bạn đang học trên lớp 11 ở trường và phù hợp với các bạn đang ôn thi đại học. Tài liệu cung cấp chi tiết các kiến thức lý thuyết và bài tập dụng đi kèm
UNIT 1: THE GENERATION GAP VOCABULARY WORD Afford /əˈfɔːd/ Attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/ Burden /ˈbɜːdn/ Casual /ˈkæʒuəl/ Comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/ Compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ Conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/ Control /kənˈtrəʊl/ Dye /daɪ/ Elegant /ˈelɪɡənt/ Flashy /ˈflæʃi/ Forbid /fəˈbɪd/ Force /fɔːs/ Interact /ˌɪntəˈrækt/ Judge /dʒʌdʒ/ Mature /məˈtʃʊə(r)/ Obey /əˈbeɪ/ Norm /nɔːm/ Rude /ruːd/ PART MEANING OF SPEECH (v) (n) (n) (adj) (adj) (v) (n) (v) (v) (adj) (adj) (v) (v) (v) (v) (adj) (v) (n) (adj) EXAMPLE MODAL VERBS: MUST VS HAVE TO, SHOULD VS OUGHT TO I GIỚI THIỆU CHUNG VỀ ĐỘNG TỪ KHUYẾT THIẾU Cách sử dụng Động từ khuyết thiếu dùng để nêu lên khả thực hành động, bắt buộc, khả xảy việc, v.v Hình thức - Theo sau chủ ngữ đứng trước động từ ngun thể khơng có "to" - Khơng chia theo chủ ngữ (trừ trường hợp "have to") - Thêm "not" phía sau dạng phủ định (trừ trường hợp "have to") Eg: I must go (Tôi phải rồi.) He should not disturb her now (Anh ta không nên làm phiền cô lúc này.) II SO SÁNH MUST VÀ HAVE TO Dạng khẳng định Must: Diễn tả cần thiết hay bắt buộc mang tính chủ quan (do người nói định) S + must + V Eg: I must finish the exercises (Tơi phải hồn thành tập.) (Tình huống: I'm going to have a party (Tơi có ý định dự tiệc.)) Have to: Diễn tả ý bắt buộc mang tính khách quan (do luật lệ, quy tắc hay người khác định) S + have to/ has to/ had to/ + V I have to finish the exercises (Tơi phải hồn thành tập.) (Tình huống: Tomorrow is the deadline (Ngày mai hạn cuối.)) Dạng phủ định Must not: Diễn tả ý cấm đoán S + must not (mustn't) + V Eg: you must not eat that (Bạn không phép ăn đó.) (Tình huống: It's already stale (Nó bị thiu rồi.)) Not have to: Diễn tả ý không cần phải làm S + not (don't)/ does not (doesn't)/ did not (didn't)/ will not (won't)/ + have to + V Eg: You not have to eat that (Bạn khơng cần phải ăn thứ đó.) (Tình huống: I can see you dislike that (Mình thấy bạn khơng thích nó.)) III SO SÁNH “SHOULD” VÀ “OUGHT TO” Dạng thức 1.1 Dạng khẳng định: S + should + V S + ought to + V Eg: You should see a doctor if your cough gets worse (Ông nên khám bác sĩ bị ho nặng hơn.) You ought to see a doctor if your cough gets worse (Ông nên khám bác sĩ bị ho nặng hơn.) 1.2 Dạng phủ định S + should not (shouldn't) + V S + ought not to (oughtn't to) + V Eg: Mrs Smith shouldn't keep complaining (Bà Smith không nên tiếp tục phàn nàn nữa.) Mrs Smith oughtn't to keep complaining (Bà Smith không nên tiếp tục phàn nàn nữa.) Lưu ý: Dạng thức phủ định "ought to" không sử dụng phổ biến dạng thức phủ định "should" 1.3 Dạng nghi vấn Should + S + V Ought + S + to + V Eg: Should we care about the environment? (Chúng ta có nên quan tâm tới mơi trường khơng?) Ought we to care about the environment? (Chúng ta có nên quan tâm tới môi trường không?) Cách sử dụng 2.1 Điểm giống: Cả "should" "ought to" sử dụng hỏi đưa lời khuyên gợi ý Eg: You should learn English every day (Bạn nên học tiếng Anh hàng ngày.) You ought to learn English every day (Bạn nên học tiếng Anh hàng ngày.) 2.2 Điểm khác: Giữa "should" "ought to" có khác biệt nhỏ sắc thái lời khuyên Should Ought to Dùng cho lời khuyên mang tính chủ quan, Dùng với lời khuyên mang yếu tố thể quan điểm cá nhân người nói khách quan, tức có tác động ngoại cảnh luật lệ, bổn phận hay quy tắc Eg: Eg: Linda should go to bed early Emily ought to finish the report by 10 a.m (Linda nên ngủ sớm.) (Emily nên hoàn thành báo cáo trước 10 sáng.) IV BÀI TẬP I Match the advice with the suitable situation I don't feel well All fruits on the tree are ripe I have a toothache I have a test tomorrow I can't speak English well I’m hot You ought to pick them up immediately You ought to review all lesson tonight You should go to a doctor You ought to go to the dentist You should practice English everyday You should talk to her about your feelings I feel tired You should take a rest John is always late for school He should manage his time better I want to lose weight You should the exercise regularly My mother reads my diary You should turn on the fan II Find ONE mistake in each sentence and fill in the blank with the correct word 1.You must eats more fruit and vegetables every day => 2.I have to tidied my room before my mother comes back home She can't stand a messy house => 3.She should go out late at night because of danger => 4.She have to speak English well because her current job needs it => 5.He musts save up his money so as to buy a new house next year => 6.He oughtn't to find another solution to this problem if he doesn't want to get fired => 7.They can arrive at the airport at so as not to miss their flight at => 8.I have to submit my essay last night My teacher set the deadline on that day => 9.You ought to stay up at night, which is not good for your health => 10.We haven't to buy souvenirs for Sally She doesn't like them => III Complete the sentences using the given words Mustn’t, don’t have to, should, ought 1.You _ type your essay but if you want, you can it 2.I go home too late My parents are very strict 3.She is an expert adviser; thus, I think you to ask her for some advice 4.You ask your teacher if you don't understand the lesson Should, have to, ought not, must 1.I _ finish homework before coming to class My teacher is rather strict 2.We _ show respect to our parents 3.I think you stay up late because it is not good for your health 4.If you want to help your friend, you to her homework Instead, you should show her how to it by herself IV Click on one of the two bold words which best completes the sentences 1.It's cold You should/shouldn't turn on the fan 2.You ought not to/ought to homework before you go out with your friends 3.You should/shouldn't eat plenty of fruit or vegetables every day in order to keep healthy 4.You must/mustn't eat in the class 5.You ought to/ought not to drink a lot of water every day 6.I must/have to submit my homework before 12 o'clock because the deadline is 12 o'clock 7.I must/have to stay at home to take care of my children 8.My friend says: "You don't have to/mustn't drink champagne You can have a coke or fruit juice instead 9.You don't have to/mustn't drink if you're going to drive afterwards 10.You don't have to/mustn't pick up Tom at the airport because Judy will pick him up V Fill in the gaps with “must” and “have to” Use the negative form if necessary 1.Tomorrow is Mai's birthday I _ buy a present for her 2.We might _ leave earlier than we expected 3.If you feel better, you _ take medicine any more 4.I leave home at 6:00 because I have an appointment at 7:00 5.You eat a lot before doing the exercise If you do, you might get into some trouble with your stomach 6.We couldn't find a better present so we _ choose this one 7.If you are a member of the club, you pay to use these facilities because they are included in the membership fee 8.I had the flu, so I stay in the bed for two days 9.If you are under 18 years old, you ride a motorbike 10.All students _wear uniforms on Mondays because it's the rule VI Rewrite each sentence using the word(s) in the brackets, without changing its meaning 1.If I were you, I would spend more time talking with my children (should) => 2.John doesn't get permission to use that computer (mustn't) => 3.It is necessary that people who work here leave by p.m (must) => 4.Every staff isn't allowed to smoke or eat in the office (mustn't) => 5.Customers are advised to check their luggage before leaving the airport (ought to) => 6.It is forbidden for students to cheat in the exam (mustn't) => 7.Ms Ly is in charge of cleaning the floor every day (has to) => 8.You are not allowed to take photographs in the museum (mustn't) => 9.It would be a good idea for you to share the housework with your mother (ought to) => 10.It is not necessary for Jack to call Ben today (doesn't have to) => ... I have a toothache I have a test tomorrow I can't speak English well I’m hot You ought to pick them up immediately You ought to review all lesson tonight You should go to a doctor You ought to. .. 4.You must/ mustn't eat in the class 5.You ought to /ought not to drink a lot of water every day 6.I must/ have to submit my homework before 12 o'clock because the deadline is 12 o'clock 7.I must/ have. .. I'm going to have a party (Tơi có ý định dự tiệc.)) Have to: Diễn tả ý bắt buộc mang tính khách quan (do luật lệ, quy tắc hay người khác định) S + have to/ has to/ had to/ + V I have to finish